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Iravani S, Nazarzadeh Zare E, Makvandi P. Multifunctional MXene-Based Platforms for Soft and Bone Tissue Regeneration and Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1892-1909. [PMID: 38466909 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
MXenes and their composites hold great promise in the field of soft and bone tissue regeneration and engineering (TRE). However, there are challenges that need to be overcome, such as ensuring biocompatibility and controlling the morphologies of MXene-based scaffolds. The future prospects of MXenes in TRE include enhancing biocompatibility through surface modifications, developing multifunctional constructs, and conducting in vivo studies for clinical translation. The purpose of this perspective about MXenes and their composites in soft and bone TRE is to critically evaluate their potential applications and contributions in this field. This perspective aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the challenges, advantages, limitations, and future prospects associated with the use of MXenes and their composites for soft and bone TRE. By examining the existing literature and research, the review seeks to consolidate the current knowledge and highlight the key findings and advancements in MXene-based TRE. It aims to contribute to the understanding of MXenes' role in promoting soft and bone TRE, addressing the challenges faced in terms of biocompatibility, morphology control, and tissue interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Avenue, Isfahan 81756-33551, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 36716-45667, Iran
- Centre of Research Impact and Outreach, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140417, Punjab, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang, China
- Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Kalujhanda 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
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Turri A, Omar O, Trobos M, Thomsen P, Dahlin C. Modulation of gene expression and bone formation by expanded and dense polytetrafluoroethylene membranes during guided bone regeneration: An experimental study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024; 26:266-280. [PMID: 37357340 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonresorbable membranes promote bone formation during guided bone regeneration (GBR), yet the relationships between membrane properties and molecular changes in the surrounding tissue are largely unknown. AIM To compare the molecular events in the overlying soft tissue, the membrane, and the underlying bone defect during GBR using dual-layered expanded membranes versus dense polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat femur defects were treated with either dense PTFE (d-PTFE) or dual-layered expanded PTFE (dual e-PTFE) or left untreated as a sham. Samples were collected after 6 and 28 days for gene expression, histology, and histomorphometry analyses. RESULTS The two membranes promoted the overall bone formation compared to sham. Defects treated with dual e-PTFE exhibited a significantly higher proportion of new bone in the top central region after 28 days. Compared to that in the sham, the soft tissue in the dual e-PTFE group showed 2-fold higher expression of genes related to regeneration (FGF-2 and FOXO1) and vascularization (VEGF). Furthermore, compared to cells in the d-PTFE group, cells in the dual e-PTFE showed 2.5-fold higher expression of genes related to osteogenic differentiation (BMP-2), regeneration (FGF-2 and COL1A1), and vascularization (VEGF), in parallel with lower expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Multiple correlations were found between the molecular activities in membrane-adherent cells and those in the soft tissue. CONCLUSION Selective surface modification of the two sides of the e-PTFE membrane constitutes a novel means of modulating the tissue response and promoting bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Turri
- The Brånemark Clinic, Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Margarita Trobos
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial Surgery and Research and Development, NU-Hospital Organisation, Trollhättan, Sweden
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3
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Drapal V, Mosier S, Norman A, Berbel G, Robinson JL, Friis EA. A preliminary In Vitro viability study of an electrically active hernia mesh on mouse fibroblasts. J Biomater Appl 2023; 38:662-669. [PMID: 37862784 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231209312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Hernias occur when part of an organ, typically the intestines, protrudes through a disruption of the fascia in the abdominal wall, leading to patient pain, discomfort, and surgical intervention. Over one million hernia repair surgeries occur annually in the USA, but globally, hernia surgeries can exceed 20 million. Standard practice includes hernia repair mesh to help hold the compromised tissue together, depending on where the fascial disruption is located and the patient's condition. However, the recurrence rate for hernias after using the most common type of hernia mesh, synthetic, is currently high. Physiological-level electrical stimulation (ES) has shown beneficial effects in improving healing in soft tissue regeneration. Piezoelectric materials can produce low-level electrical signals from mechanical loading to help speed healing. Combining the novelty of piezo elements to create an electrically active hernia repair mesh for faster healing prospects is explored in this study through simulated transcutaneous mechanical loading of the piezo element with therapeutic ultrasound. A tissue phantom was developed using Gelatin #0 and Metamucil® to better simulate a clinical application of the therapeutic ultrasound loading modality. The cellular viability of varying ultrasound intensities and temporal effects was analyzed. Overall, minimal cytotoxicity was observed across all experimental groups during the ultrasound intensity and temporal viability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Drapal
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Savannah Mosier
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Anna Norman
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - German Berbel
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, USA
| | - Jennifer L Robinson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Friis
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Pisani S, Mauri V, Negrello E, Mauramati S, Alaimo G, Auricchio F, Benazzo M, Dorati R, Genta I, Conti B, Ferretti VV, De Silvestri A, Pietrabissa A, Marconi S. Assessment of different manufacturing techniques for the production of bioartificial scaffolds as soft organ transplant substitutes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1186351. [PMID: 37441194 PMCID: PMC10333585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1186351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The problem of organs' shortage for transplantation is widely known: different manufacturing techniques such as Solvent casting, Electrospinning and 3D Printing were considered to produce bioartificial scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes and possible transplantation substitutes. The advantages of manufacturing techniques' combination to develop hybrid scaffolds with increased performing properties was also evaluated. Methods: Scaffolds were produced using poly-L-lactide-co-caprolactone (PLA-PCL) copolymer and characterized for their morphological, biological, and mechanical features. Results: Hybrid scaffolds showed the best properties in terms of viability (>100%) and cell adhesion. Furthermore, their mechanical properties were found to be comparable with the reference values for soft tissues (range 1-10 MPa). Discussion: The created hybrid scaffolds pave the way for the future development of more complex systems capable of supporting, from a morphological, mechanical, and biological standpoint, the physiological needs of the tissues/organs to be transplanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pisani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria Mauri
- SC General Surgery 2, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Erika Negrello
- SC General Surgery 2, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Mauramati
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Alaimo
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Auricchio
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa De Silvestri
- SSD Biostatistica e Clinical Trial Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pietrabissa
- SC General Surgery 2, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Marconi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Louis F, Sowa Y, Irie S, Higuchi Y, Kitano S, Mazda O, Matsusaki M. Injectable Prevascularized Mature Adipose Tissues (iPAT) to Achieve Long-Term Survival in Soft Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201440. [PMID: 36103662 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue regeneration remains a challenge in reconstructive surgery. So far, both autologous fat implantations and artificial implants methods used in clinical applications lead to various disadvantages and limited lifespan. To overcome these limitations and improve the graft volume maintenance, reproducing a mature adipose tissue already including vasculature structure before implantation can be the solution. Therefore, injectable prevascularized adipose tissues (iPAT) are made from physiological collagen microfibers mixed with human mature adipocytes, adipose-derived stem cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, embedded in fibrin gel. Following murine subcutaneous implantation, the iPAT show a higher cell survival (84% ± 6% viability) and volume maintenance after 3 months (up to twice heavier) when compared to non-prevascularized balls and liposuctioned fat implanted controls. This higher survival can be explained by the greater amount of blood vessels found (up to 1.6-fold increase), with balanced host anastomosis (51% ± 1% of human/mouse lumens), also involving infiltration by the lymphatic and neural vasculature networks. Furthermore, with the cryopreservation possibility enabling their later reinjection, the iPAT technology has the merit to allow noninvasive soft tissue regeneration for long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Louis
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinji Irie
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.,TOPPAN INC, Taito, Tokyo, 110-0016, Japan
| | - Yuriko Higuchi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shiro Kitano
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.,TOPPAN INC, Taito, Tokyo, 110-0016, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
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Sanchez N, Vignoletti F, Sanz-Martin I, Coca A, Nuñez J, Maldonado E, Sanz-Esporrin J, Hernando-Pradíes I, Santamaría S, Herrera D, Garcia-Sanz JA, Sanz M. Cell Therapy Based on Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded in a Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix for Root Coverage of RT1 Gingival Lesions: An In Vivo Experimental Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063248. [PMID: 35328670 PMCID: PMC8950013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To investigate the effect of a xenogeneic collagen matrix (CMX) seeded with autologous gingiva-derived mesenchymal cells (GMSCs) when combined with a coronally advanced flap (CAF) in the treatment of localized gingival recession type 1 (RT1). (2) Methods: Dehiscence-type defects were created in seven dogs. GMSCs were isolated, transfected with a vector carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) and expanded. Once chronified, the defects were randomly treated with (1) CAF plus the combination of CMX and GFP+ GMSCs, (2) CAF plus CMX with autologous fibroblasts, (3) CAF plus CMX and (4) CAF alone. Histological and clinical outcomes at 2- and 6-week healing periods were analyzed and compared among groups. (3) Results: Histologically, the addition of autologous cells to the CMX resulted in reduced inflammation and a variable degree of new cementum/bone formation. CMX plus GMSCs resulted in greater mean recession reduction (1.42; SD = 1.88 mm) and percentage of teeth with recession reduction of ≥2 mm (57%) when compared to the other groups, although these differences were not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: The histometric and clinical results indicated a positive trend favouring the combination of CMX and GMSCs with the CAF when compared to the groups without cells, although these differences were not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Sanchez
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Fabio Vignoletti
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Ignacio Sanz-Martin
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Alejandro Coca
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Javier Nuñez
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Estela Maldonado
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Sanz-Esporrin
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Irene Hernando-Pradíes
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Silvia Santamaría
- Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.S.); (J.A.G.-S.)
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
| | - Jose A. Garcia-Sanz
- Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.S.); (J.A.G.-S.)
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, School of Dentistry, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (F.V.); (I.S.-M.); (A.C.); (J.N.); (J.S.-E.); (I.H.-P.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Ullah I, Wang W, Ma N, Lendlein A. Multiblock copolymers type PDC- a family of multifunctional biomaterials for regenerative medicine1. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 80:327-341. [PMID: 34542065 DOI: 10.3233/ch-211264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiblock copolymers type PDC are polyetheresterurethanes composed of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and poly(p-dioxanone) segments. They were designed as degradadable shape-memory polymers for medical devices, which can be implanted minimally-invasively. While providing structural support in the initial phase after implantation, they are capable to modulate soft tissue regeneration while degradation. In this perspective, we elucidate cell-material interactions, compatibility both in-vitro and in-vivo and biofunctionality of PDC, which represents a promising candidate biomaterial family especially for cardiovascular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imram Ullah
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Germany
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Germany
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Ansari S, Pouraghaei Sevari S, Chen C, Sarrion P, Moshaverinia A. RGD-Modified Alginate-GelMA Hydrogel Sheet Containing Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Unique Platform for Wound Healing and Soft Tissue Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3774-3782. [PMID: 34082525 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue reconstruction has remained a major clinical challenge in dentistry and regenerative medicine. Although current methods have shown partial success, there are several disadvantages associated with these approaches. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) can be simply obtained in the oral cavity for soft tissue augmentation. Regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) encapsulated in hydrogels is well documented. Here, an alginate-gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel formulation is developed encapsulating GMSCs within the developed hydrogel. The results confirm that the encapsulated MSCs remain viable within the hydrogel with enhanced collagen deposition. An excisional wound model in mice is utilized to evaluate the in vivo functionality of the GMSC-hydrogel construct for wound healing and soft tissue regeneration. The histology and immunofluorescence analyses confirm the effectiveness of the GMSC-hydrogel in expediting wound healing via enhancing angiogenesis and suppressing local proinflammatory cytokines. Altogether, the findings demonstrate that GMSCs encapsulated in an engineered hydrogel sheet based on alginate and GelMA can be used to expedite wound healing and soft tissue regeneration, with potential applications in plastic and reconstructive surgery as well as dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ansari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Center of Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patricia Sarrion
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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9
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Cheng M, Janzekovic J, Mohseni M, Medeiros Savi F, McGovern J, Galloway G, Wong C, Saifzadeh S, Wagels M, Hutmacher DW. A Preclinical Animal Model for the Study of Scaffold-Guided Breast Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:366-377. [PMID: 33906394 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffold-guided breast tissue engineering (SGBTE) has the potential to transform reconstructive breast surgery. Currently, there is a deficiency in clinically relevant animal models suitable for studying novel breast tissue engineering concepts. To date, only a small number of large animal studies have been conducted and characterization of these large animal models is poorly described in the literature. Addressing this gap in the literature, this publication comprehensively describes our original porcine model based on the current published literature and the experience gained from previous animal studies conducted by our research group. In a long-term experiment using our model, we investigated our SGBTE approach by implanting 60 additively manufactured bioresorbable scaffolds under the panniculus carnosus muscle along the flanks of 12 pigs over 12 months. Our model has the flexibility to compare multiple treatment modalities where we successfully investigated scaffolds filled with various treatments of immediate and delayed fat graft and augmentation with platelet rich plasma. No wound complications were observed using our animal model. We were able to grow clinically relevant volumes of soft tissue, which validates our model. Our preclinical large animal model is ideally suited to assess different scaffold or hydrogel-driven soft tissue regeneration strategies. Impact statement The ability to regenerate soft tissue through scaffold-guided tissue engineering concepts can transform breast reconstructive surgery. We describe an original preclinical large animal model to study controlled and reproducible scaffold-guided breast tissue engineering (SGBTE) concepts. This model features the flexibility to investigate multiple treatment conditions per animal, making it an efficient model. We have validated our model with a long-term experiment over 12 months, which exceeds other shorter published studies. Our SGBTE concept provides a more clinically relevant approach in terms of breast reconstruction. Future studies using this model will support the translation of SGBTE into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Cheng
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jan Janzekovic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mina Mohseni
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Flavia Medeiros Savi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacqui McGovern
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Graham Galloway
- Imaging Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clement Wong
- Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Siamak Saifzadeh
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael Wagels
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Herston Biofabrication Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,ARC ITTC in Additive Biomanufacturing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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10
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Major GS, Simcock JW, Woodfield TBF, Lim KS. Overcoming functional challenges in autologous and engineered fat grafting trends. Trends Biotechnol 2021:S0167-7799(21)00091-3. [PMID: 34016480 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autologous fat grafting offers significant promise for the repair of soft tissue deformities; however, high resorption rates indicate that engineered solutions are required to improve adipose tissue (AT) survival. Advances in material development and biofabrication have laid the foundation for the generation of functional AT constructs; however, a balance needs to be struck between clinically feasible delivery and improved structural integrity of the grafts. A new approach combining the objectives from both the clinical and research communities will assist in developing morphologically and genetically mature AT constructs, with controlled spatial arrangement and increased potential for neovascularization. In a rapidly progressing field, this review addresses research in both the preclinical and bioengineering domains and assesses their ability to resolve functional challenges.
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11
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DeBari MK, Niu X, Scott JV, Griffin MD, Pereira SR, Cook KE, He B, Abbott RD. Therapeutic Ultrasound Triggered Silk Fibroin Scaffold Degradation. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100048. [PMID: 33738976 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A patient's capacity for tissue regeneration varies based on age, nutritional status, disease state, lifestyle, and gender. Because regeneration cannot be predicted prior to biomaterial implantation, there is a need for responsive biomaterials with adaptive, personalized degradation profiles to improve regenerative outcomes. This study reports a new approach to use therapeutic ultrasound as a means of altering the degradation profile of silk fibroin biomaterials noninvasively postimplantation. By evaluating changes in weight, porosity, surface morphology, compressive modulus, and chemical structure, it is concluded that therapeutic ultrasound can trigger enhanced degradation of silk fibroin scaffolds noninvasively. By removing microbubbles on the scaffold surface, it is found that acoustic cavitation is the mechanism responsible for changing the degradation profile. This method is proved to be safe for human cells with no negative effects on cell viability or metabolism. Sonication through human skin also effectively triggers scaffold degradation, increasing the clinical relevance of these results. These findings suggest that silk is an ultrasound-responsive biomaterial, where the degradation profile can be adjusted noninvasively to improve regenerative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K. DeBari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Xiaodan Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Jacqueline V. Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Mallory D. Griffin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Sean R. Pereira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Keith E. Cook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Bin He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Rosalyn D. Abbott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
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12
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Asparuhova MB, Stähli A, Guldener K, Sculean A. A Novel Volume-Stable Collagen Matrix Induces Changes in the Behavior of Primary Human Oral Fibroblasts, Periodontal Ligament, and Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084051. [PMID: 33919968 PMCID: PMC8070954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of a novel volume-stable collagen matrix (vCM) on early wound healing events including cellular migration and adhesion, protein adsorption and release, and the dynamics of the hemostatic system. For this purpose, we utilized transwell migration and crystal violet adhesion assays, ELISAs for quantification of adsorbed and released from the matrix growth factors, and qRT-PCR for quantification of gene expression in cells grown on the matrix. Our results demonstrated that primary human oral fibroblasts, periodontal ligament, and endothelial cells exhibited increased migration toward vCM compared to control cells that migrated in the absence of the matrix. Cellular adhesive properties on vCM were significantly increased compared to controls. Growth factors TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, FGF-2, and GDF-5 were adsorbed on vCM with great efficiency and continuously delivered in the medium after an initial burst release within hours. We observed statistically significant upregulation of genes encoding the antifibrinolytic thrombomodulin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, thrombospondin 1, and thromboplastin, as well as strong downregulation of genes encoding the profibrinolytic tissue plasminogen activator, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, its receptor, and the matrix metalloproteinase 14 in cells grown on vCM. As a general trend, the stimulatory effect of the vCM on the expression of antifibrinolytic genes was synergistically enhanced by TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, or FGF-2, whereas the strong inhibitory effect of the vCM on the expression of profibrinolytic genes was reversed by PDGF-BB, FGF-2, or GDF-5. Taken together, our data strongly support the effect of the novel vCM on fibrin clot stabilization and coagulation/fibrinolysis equilibrium, thus facilitating progression to the next stages of the soft tissue healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B. Asparuhova
- Dental Research Center, Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (A.S.); (K.G.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (A.S.); (K.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Kevin Guldener
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (A.S.); (K.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (A.S.); (K.G.); (A.S.)
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13
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Sterczała B, Grzech-Leśniak K, Michel O, Trzeciakowski W, Dominiak M, Jurczyszyn K. Assessment of Human Gingival Fibroblast Proliferation after Laser Stimulation In Vitro Using Different Laser Types and Wavelengths (1064, 980, 635, 450, and 405 nm)-Preliminary Report. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020098. [PMID: 33557038 PMCID: PMC7913795 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: to assess the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on human gingival fibroblast proliferation. Methods: The study was conducted using the primary cell cultures of human fibroblasts collected from systemically healthy donors. Three different laser types, Nd:YAG (1064 nm), infrared diode laser (980 nm), and prototype led laser emitting 405, 450, and 635 nm were used to irradiate the fibroblasts. Due to the patented structure of that laser, it was possible to irradiate fibroblasts with a beam combining two or three wavelengths. The energy density was 3 J/cm2, 25 J/cm2, 64 J/cm2. The viability and proliferation of cells were determined using the (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Blue) (MTT) test conducted 24, 48, and 72 h after laser irradiation. Results: The highest percentage of mitochondrial activity (MA = 122.1%) was observed in the group irradiated with the 635 nm laser, with an energy density of 64 J/cm2 after 48 h. The lowest percentage of MA (94.0%) was observed in the group simultaneously irradiated with three wavelengths (405 + 450 + 635 nm). The use of the 405 nm laser at 25 J/cm2 gave similar results to the 635 nm laser. Conclusions: The application of the 635 nm and 405 nm irradiation caused a statistically significant increase in the proliferation of gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sterczała
- Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-502-932-269
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory at Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Olga Michel
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Witold Trzeciakowski
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.J.)
| | - Kamil Jurczyszyn
- Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.J.)
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14
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Zhao Z, Moay ZK, Lai HY, Goh BHR, Chua HM, Setyawati MI, Ng KW. Characterization of Anisotropic Human Hair Keratin Scaffolds Fabricated via Directed Ice Templating. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000314. [PMID: 33146949 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Human hair keratin (HHK) is successfully exploited as raw materials for 3D scaffolds for soft tissue regeneration owing to its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. However, most HHK scaffolds are not able to achieve the anisotropic mechanical properties of soft tissues such as tendons and ligaments due to lack of tunable, well-defined microstructures. In this study, directed ice templating method is used to fabricate anisotropic HHK scaffolds that are characterized by aligned pores (channels) in between keratin layers in the longitudinal plane. In contrast, pores in the transverse plane maintain a homogenous rounded morphology. Channel widths throughout the scaffolds range from ≈5 to ≈15 µm and are tunable by varying the freezing temperature. In comparison with HHK scaffolds with random, isotropic pore structures, the tensile strength of anisotropic HHK scaffolds is enhanced significantly by up to fourfolds (≈200 to ≈800 kPa) when the tensile load is applied in the direction parallel to the aligned pores. In vitro results demonstrate that the anisotropic HHK scaffolds are able to support human dermal fibroblast adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. The findings suggest that HHK scaffolds with well-defined, aligned microstructure hold promise as templates for soft tissues regeneration by mimicking their anisotropic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zi Kuang Moay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Ying Lai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bernice Huan Rong Goh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Huei Min Chua
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Center for Nanotechnology and NanotoxicologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Environmental Chemistry and Materials CentreNanyang Environment and Water Research Institution, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.,Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Biomedical Science Institutes, Immunos, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
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15
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Cui A, Zhou J, Mudalal M, Wang Y, Wang J, Gong M, Zhou Y. Soft tissue regeneration around immediate implant placement utilizing a platelet-rich fibrin membrane and without tightly flap closure: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22507. [PMID: 33019451 PMCID: PMC7535564 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE In this report, a combination of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane and semi-open flap technique was used to improve soft tissue regeneration in immediate implant placement in the molar region. PRF, an autologous fibrin matrix, has been widely used for soft tissue wound healing and regeneration. Semi-open flap technique is beneficial to eliminating exudates and relieving the swelling after surgery. PATIENT CONCERNS Case 1 was a 45-year-old female with a residual crown in the posterior maxillary region that desired a dental implant operation. Case 2 was a 24-year-old male with retained deciduous tooth that requested a restoration of his congenital absent tooth. DIAGNOSES In case 1, the tooth 16 was diagnosed with a residual crown, while in case 2, a deciduous tooth 75 was a retained deciduous tooth and 35 was congenital absent. INTERVENTIONS In both cases, immediate implant placement was installed and PRF membranes were made to improve soft tissue augmentation with semi-open flap technique. In case 1, the mixture of an organic bovine bone and blood was filled in the gap between the implant and the socket wall. Subsequently, 2 PRF membranes covered the open wound with semi-open flap. Similarly, in case 2, another 2 PRF membranes were used to improve the soft tissue regeneration, with the same semi-open flap technique as mentioned above. OUTCOMES In both cases, successfully soft tissue regeneration was obviously observed without postoperative infection. LESSONS Utilizing the PRF membrane combined with semi-open flap technique can achieve excellent soft tissue augmentation around immediate implant placement in the molar regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Cui
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mahmoud Mudalal
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun
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16
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Lin Z, Nica C, Sculean A, Asparuhova MB. Enhanced Wound Healing Potential of Primary Human Oral Fibroblasts and Periodontal Ligament Cells Cultured on Four Different Porcine-Derived Collagen Matrices. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E3819. [PMID: 32872458 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Xenogenic collagen-based matrices represent an alternative to subepithelial palatal connective tissue autografts in periodontal and peri-implant soft tissue reconstructions. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the migratory, adhesive, proliferative, and wound-healing potential of primary human oral fibroblasts (hOF) and periodontal ligament cells (hPDL) in response to four commercially available collagen matrices. Non-crosslinked collagen matrix (NCM), crosslinked collagen matrix (CCM), dried acellular dermal matrix (DADM), and hydrated acellular dermal matrix (HADM) were all able to significantly enhance the ability of hPDL and hOF cells to directionally migrate toward the matrices as well as to efficiently repopulate an artificially generated wound gap covered by the matrices. Compared to NCM and DADM, CCM and HADM triggered stronger migratory response. Cells grown on CCM and HADM demonstrated significantly higher proliferative rates compared to cells grown on cell culture plastic, NCM, or DADM. The pro-proliferative effect of the matrices was supported by expression analysis of proliferative markers regulating cell cycle progression. Upregulated expression of genes encoding the adhesive molecules fibronectin, vinculin, CD44 antigen, and the intracellular adhesive molecule-1 was detected in hPDL and hOF cells cultured on each of the four matrices. This may be considered as a prerequisite for good adhesive properties of the four scaffolds ensuring proper cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions. Upregulated expression of genes encoding TGF-β1 and EGF growth factors as well as MMPs in cells grown on each of the four matrices provided support for their pro-proliferative and pro-migratory abilities. The expression of genes encoding the angiogenic factors FGF-2 and VEGF-A was dramatically increased in cells grown on DADM and HADM only, suggesting a good basis for accelerated vascularization of the latter. Altogether, our results support favorable influence of the investigated collagen matrices on the recruitment, attachment, and growth of cell types implicated in oral soft tissue regeneration. Among the four matrices, HADM has consistently exhibited stronger positive effects on the oral cellular behavior. Our data provide solid basis for future investigations on the clinical application of the collagen-based matrices in surgical periodontal therapy.
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17
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M PD, Jc BM, A FR, C A, D PO. Bone Regeneration and Soft Tissue Enhancement Around Zygomatic Implants: Retrospective Case Series. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E1577. [PMID: 32235372 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To present a case series of zygomatic implants combined with bone regeneration and soft tissue enhancement techniques to reduce the risk of biological delayed complications such as maxillary sinusitis and soft tissue recession. Materials and methods: Zygomatic implants placed simultaneously with different bone regeneration techniques (buccal, palatal and buccal-palatal bone regeneration) and soft tissue enhancement techniques (pediculate and free connective tissue graft) were followed for at least 12 months. The following information was collected: patient age and sex, number of zygomatic implants, zygomatic implant success rate, zygomatic implant position according to classification of the Zygomatic Anatomy Guide Approach (ZAGA), sinus membrane perforation, type and outcome of the bone regeneration or the soft tissue enhancement technique, bone gain (width and length along the zygomatic implant) and keratinized buccal mucosa width, duration of follow-up, loading protocol (immediate or delayed) and biological complications (maxillary sinusitis and soft tissue recession). Results: Thirty-one zygomatic implants placed in 19 patients were included. All implants were successful and none of the implants presented biological complications. The bone regeneration technique was successful in 30 of 31 cases with a mean palatal bone width of 3 mm, buccal bone width of 2.65 mm, palatal bone length of 6.5 mm and buccal bone length of 8.3 mm. The success rate of soft tissue enhancement was 100% and it established at least 2 mm of keratinized buccal mucosa width in all implants. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, bone regeneration and soft tissue enhancement techniques were useful to establish more favorable conditions of the peri-implant tissues around zygomatic implants. This could prevent biological complications such as maxillary sinusitis and soft tissue recessions. Prospective and randomized controlled clinical trials with longer follow-up periods are advisable.
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18
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Mancuso E, Tonda-Turo C, Ceresa C, Pensabene V, Connell SD, Fracchia L, Gentile P. Potential of Manuka Honey as a Natural Polyelectrolyte to Develop Biomimetic Nanostructured Meshes With Antimicrobial Properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:344. [PMID: 31867312 PMCID: PMC6904371 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotics has been the cornerstone to prevent bacterial infections; however, the emergency of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is still an open challenge. This work aimed to develop a delivery system for treating soft tissue infections for: (1) reducing the released antimicrobial amount, preventing drug-related systemic side effects; (2) rediscovering the beneficial effects of naturally derived agents; and (3) preserving the substrate functional properties. For the first time, Manuka honey (MH) was proposed as polyelectrolyte within the layer-by-layer assembly. Biomimetic electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) meshes were treated via layer-by-layer assembly to obtain a multilayered nanocoating, consisting of MH as polyanion and poly-(allylamine-hydrochloride) as polycation. Physicochemical characterization demonstrated the successful nanocoating formation. Different cell lines (human immortalized and primary skin fibroblasts, and primary endothelial cells) confirmed positively the membranes cytocompatibility, while bacterial tests using Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria demonstrated that the antimicrobial MH activity was dependent on the concentration used and strains tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mancuso
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Tonda-Turo
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Ceresa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, Novara, Italy
| | - Virginia Pensabene
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Simon D. Connell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Letizia Fracchia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, Novara, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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19
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Fan Z, Xiao L, Lu G, Ding Z, Lu Q. Water-insoluble amorphous silk fibroin scaffolds from aqueous solutions. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:798-808. [PMID: 31207049 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) is emerging as promising biomaterial for regeneration, drug delivery and optical devices, with continued demand for mild, all-aqueous processes to control microstructure and the performance. Here, temperature control of assembly kinetics was introduced to prepare the water-insoluble scaffolds from neutral aqueous solutions of RSF protein. Higher temperatures were used to accelerate the assembly rate of the silk fibroin protein chains in aqueous solution and during the lyophilization process, resulting in water-insoluble scaffold formation. The scaffolds were mainly composed of amorphous states of the silk fibroin chains, endowing softer mechanical properties. These scaffolds also showed nanofibrous structures, improved cell proliferation in vitro and enhanced neovascularization and tissue regeneration in vivo than previously reported silk fibroin scaffolds. These results suggest utility of silk scaffolds in soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhong Lu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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Brown JE, Tozzi L, Schilling B, Kelmendi-Doko A, Truong AB, Rodriguez MJ, Gil ES, Sucsy R, Valentin JE, Philips BJ, Marra KG, Rubin JP, Kaplan DL. Biodegradable silk catheters for the delivery of therapeutics across anatomical repair sites. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:501-510. [PMID: 29697188 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable silk catheters for the delivery of therapeutics are designed with a focus on creating porous gradients that can direct the release of molecules away from the implantation site. Though suitable for a range of applications, these catheters are designed for drug delivery to transplanted adipose tissue in patients having undergone a fat grafting procedure. A common complication for fat grafts is the rapid reabsorption of large volume adipose transplants. In order to prolong volume retention, biodegradable catheters can be embedded into transplanted tissue to deliver nutrients, growth factors or therapeutics to improve adipocyte viability, proliferation, and ultimately extend volume retention. Two fabrication methods are developed: a silk gel-spinning technique, which uses a novel flash-freezing step to induce high porosity throughout the bulk of the tube, and a dip-coating process using silk protein solutions doped with a water soluble porogen. Increased porosity aids in the diffusion of drug through the silk tube in a controllable way. Additionally, we interface the porous tubes with ALZET osmotic pumps for implantation into a subcutaneous nude mouse model. The work described herein will discuss the processing parameters as well as the interfacing between pump and cargo therapeutic and the resulting release profiles. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 501-510, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
| | - Lorenzo Tozzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
| | - Benjamin Schilling
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - Arta Kelmendi-Doko
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - April B Truong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
| | - Maria J Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
| | - Eun Seok Gil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
| | - Robert Sucsy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
| | - Jolene E Valentin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - Brian J Philips
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - J Peter Rubin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
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21
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Sang Y, Li M, Liu J, Yao Y, Ding Z, Wang L, Xiao L, Lu Q, Fu X, Kaplan DL. Biomimetic Silk Scaffolds with an Amorphous Structure for Soft Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:9290-9300. [PMID: 29485270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fine tuning physical cues of silk fibroin (SF) biomaterials to match specific requirements for different soft tissues would be advantageous. Here, amorphous SF nanofibers were used to fabricate scaffolds with better hierarchical extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic microstructures than previous silk scaffolds. Kinetic control was introduced into the scaffold forming process, resulting in the direct production of water-stable scaffolds with tunable secondary structures and thus mechanical properties. These biomaterials remained with amorphous structures, offering softer properties than prior scaffolds. The fine mechanical tunability of these systems provides a feasible way to optimize physical cues for improved cell proliferation and enhanced neovascularization in vivo. Multiple physical cues, such as partly ECM mimetic structures and optimized stiffness, provided suitable microenvironments for tissue ingrowth, suggesting the possibility of actively designing bioactive SF biomaterials. These systems suggest a promising strategy to develop novel SF biomaterials for soft tissue repair and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meirong Li
- Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing 100853 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiejie Liu
- Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing 100853 , People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaobing Fu
- Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medicine Science , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing 100853 , People's Republic of China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Tufts University , Medford , Massachusetts 02155 , United States
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Xu FT, Liang ZJ, Li HM, Peng QL, Huang MH, Li de Q, Liang YD, Chi GY, Li de H, Yu BC, Huang JR. Ginsenoside Rg1 and platelet-rich fibrin enhance human breast adipose-derived stem cell function for soft tissue regeneration. Oncotarget 2016; 7:35390-403. [PMID: 27191987 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can be used to repair soft tissue defects, wounds, burns, and scars and to regenerate various damaged tissues. The cell differentiation capacity of ASCs is crucial for engineered adipose tissue regeneration in reconstructive and plastic surgery. We previously reported that ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1 or Rg1) promotes proliferation and differentiation of ASCs in vitro and in vivio. Here we show that both G-Rg1 and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) improve the proliferation, differentiation, and soft tissue regeneration capacity of human breast adipose-derived stem cells (HBASCs) on collagen type I sponge scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. Three months after transplantation, tissue wet weight, adipocyte number, intracellular lipid, microvessel density, and gene and protein expression of VEGF, HIF-1α, and PPARγ were higher in both G-Rg1- and PRF-treated HBASCs than in control grafts. More extensive new adipose tissue formation was evident after treatment with G-Rg1 or PRF. In summary, G-Rg1 and/or PRF co-administration improves the function of HBASCs for soft tissue regeneration engineering.
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Hauser S, Jung F, Pietzsch J. Human Endothelial Cell Models in Biomaterial Research. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 35:265-277. [PMID: 27789063 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) models have evolved as important tools in biomaterial research due to ubiquitously occurring interactions between implanted materials and the endothelium. However, screening the available literature has revealed a gap between material scientists and physiologists in terms of their understanding of these biomaterial-endothelium interactions and their relative importance. Consequently, EC models are often applied in nonphysiological experimental setups, or too extensive conclusions are drawn from their results. The question arises whether this might be one reason why, among the many potential biomaterials, only a few have found their way into the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of established EC models and possible selection criteria to enable researchers to determine the most reliable and relevant EC model to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hauser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany; Helmholtz Virtual Institute 'Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine', Teltow, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden, Germany.
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Chen J, Dong R, Ge J, Guo B, Ma PX. Biocompatible, Biodegradable, and Electroactive Polyurethane-Urea Elastomers with Tunable Hydrophilicity for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:28273-85. [PMID: 26641320 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
It remains a challenge to develop electroactive and elastic biomaterials to mimic the elasticity of soft tissue and to regulate the cell behavior during tissue regeneration. We designed and synthesized a series of novel electroactive and biodegradable polyurethane-urea (PUU) copolymers with elastomeric property by combining the properties of polyurethanes and conducting polymers. The electroactive PUU copolymers were synthesized from amine capped aniline trimer (ACAT), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), polylactide, and hexamethylene diisocyanate. The electroactivity of the PUU copolymers were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Elasticity and Young's modulus were tailored by the polylactide segment length and ACAT content. Hydrophilicity of the copolymer films was tuned by changing DMPA content and doping of the copolymer. Cytotoxicity of the PUU copolymers was evaluated by mouse C2C12 myoblast cells. The myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts on copolymer films was also studied by analyzing the morphology of myotubes and relative gene expression during myogenic differentiation. The chemical structure, thermal properties, surface morphology, and processability of the PUU copolymers were characterized by NMR, FT-IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and solubility testing, respectively. Those biodegradable electroactive elastic PUU copolymers are promising materials for repair of soft tissues such as skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Ruonan Dong
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Juan Ge
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Peter X Ma
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan , 1011 North University Ave., Room 2209, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Hoigné D, Hug U, Schürch M, Meoli M, von Wartburg U. Semi-occlusive dressing for the treatment of fingertip amputations with exposed bone: quantity and quality of soft-tissue regeneration. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2014; 39:505-9. [PMID: 23695151 DOI: 10.1177/1753193413489639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen fingertip amputations with exposed bone were treated with a semi-occlusive dressing. The quantity and quality of the regenerated soft tissue was examined. In all 19 fingers there was sufficient uncomplicated healing such that secondary surgical procedures were not needed. At follow-up 6-18 months after the injury, soft tissue thickness around the bone of the distal phalanx measured 6.0 mm (SD 1.6) on the palmar aspect (opposite side 7.0 mm (SD 0.8)) and 4.2 mm (SD 1.7) distally (opposite side 4.5 mm (SD 0.8)). The two-point discrimination was 4 mm (SD 2) (opposite side 3 mm (SD 1)). The skin healed almost without scarring and the dermal ridges reformed. The regeneration of the soft tissue thickness to almost 90% of its former extent is higher than we expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hoigné
- Division of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - U Hug
- Division of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - M Schürch
- Division of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - M Meoli
- Division of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - U von Wartburg
- Division of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Baik HS, Park J, Lee KJ, Chung C. Local application of periodontal ligament stromal cells promotes soft tissue regeneration. Oral Dis 2013; 20:574-81. [PMID: 24112808 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the potential stimulatory effect of local application of periodontal ligament (PDL) stromal cells on soft tissue regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fluorescently labeled PDL cells outgrown from extracted human premolars or phosphate-buffered saline were locally injected to the cutaneous wounds created on mice. Soft tissue regeneration was evaluated for 14 days using photographs and histomorphometry. PDL cell engraftment was tracked with confocal microscopy. To detect the paracrine effect of the PDL cells on soft tissue regeneration, PDL cell-conditioned medium (CM) was evaluated for the concentration of secretory factors, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1). The effect of PDL CM on the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblast and keratinocyte was tested using MTT assay and migration assay. RESULTS The application of PDL cells significantly promoted soft tissue regeneration compared with the application of PBS. Self-replicating PDL cells were engrafted into the hair follicles of the host tissue. Dermal fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte migration were significantly enhanced by the treatment with PDL CM. Physiologically significant amount of TGFβ1 was secreted from PDL cells into the CM. CONCLUSION Local injection of PDL cells promoted soft tissue regeneration in part by the enhancement of fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte migration through a paracrine mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Baik
- Department of Orthodontics, Collage of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Sun WQ, Xu H, Sandor M, Lombardi J. Process-induced extracellular matrix alterations affect the mechanisms of soft tissue repair and regeneration. J Tissue Eng 2013; 4:2041731413505305. [PMID: 24555005 PMCID: PMC3927753 DOI: 10.1177/2041731413505305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrices derived from animal tissues for human tissue repairs are processed by various methods of physical, chemical, or enzymatic decellularization, viral inactivation, and terminal sterilization. The mechanisms of action in tissue repair vary among bioscaffolds and are suggested to be associated with process-induced extracellular matrix modifications. We compared three non-cross-linked, commercially available extracellular matrix scaffolds (Strattice, Veritas, and XenMatrix), and correlated extracellular matrix alterations to in vivo biological responses upon implantation in non-human primates. Structural evaluation showed significant differences in retaining native tissue extracellular matrix histology and ultrastructural features among bioscaffolds. Tissue processing may cause both the condensation of collagen fibers and fragmentation or separation of collagen bundles. Calorimetric analysis showed significant differences in the stability of bioscaffolds. The intrinsic denaturation temperature was measured to be 51°C, 38°C, and 44°C for Strattice, Veritas, and XenMatrix, respectively, demonstrating more extracellular matrix modifications in the Veritas and XenMatrix scaffolds. Consequently, the susceptibility to collagenase degradation was increased in Veritas and XenMatrix when compared to their respective source tissues. Using a non-human primate model, three bioscaffolds were found to elicit different biological responses, have distinct mechanisms of action, and yield various outcomes of tissue repair. Strattice permitted cell repopulation and was remodeled over 6 months. Veritas was unstable at body temperature, resulting in rapid absorption with moderate inflammation. XenMatrix caused severe inflammation and sustained immune reactions. This study demonstrates that extracellular matrix alterations significantly affect biological responses in soft tissue repair and regeneration. The data offer useful insights into the rational design of extracellular matrix products and bioscaffolds of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Q Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, School of Medical Instruments and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China ; LifeCell Corporation, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
| | - Hui Xu
- LifeCell Corporation, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
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