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Kharma K, Hardan L, Kassis C, Dimitriu B, Harouny R, Baba NZ, Bourgi R, Zogheib CM. Can a Novel Device with Pure Dry Air Increase the Shear Bond Strength of Dental Composites to Dentin? An Experimental Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:160. [PMID: 38920861 PMCID: PMC11203141 DOI: 10.3390/dj12060160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern conservative dentistry is taking the lead in daily clinical practice and is relying on adhesion. Whether it is a simple composite, ceramic inlays, onlays, veneers or crowns, the common factor for a successful outcome is a good bonding of these elements to dental structures. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of resin composite to dentin when using a new device, the DENTIPURE KM™ (KM, Beirut, Lebanon), which provides a pure air flow, free of any contaminants and without humidity, when compared to other dental equipment. One hundred and eighty extracted human molars were equally divided into three groups according to the device used, the DENTIPURE KM™ (KM, Beirut, Lebanon), the KAVO™ (ESTETICA E30/E70/E80 Vision, KAVO, Biberach, Germany), or the ADEC™ (A-dec Performer 200, Newberg, OR, USA). The shear bond strength (SBS) was evaluated after 24 h of storage in distilled water on a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was set with a level of significance at p ≤ 0.05. The results revealed that significantly different bond strength was imparted by the DENTIPURE KM™ device and the ADEC™ dental unit (p = 0.042). In conclusion, while the DENTIPURE KM™ device shows promise in providing contaminant-free air during bonding, its impact on dentin bond strength compared to devices like the KAVO™ appears minimal. Further research is needed to fully assess its potential in enhancing dentinal adhesion procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Kharma
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (K.K.); (C.K.); (R.H.); (R.B.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (K.K.); (C.K.); (R.H.); (R.B.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Cynthia Kassis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (K.K.); (C.K.); (R.H.); (R.B.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Bogdan Dimitriu
- Department of Endodontics, Deputy Dean, Faculty of Dental Medicine “Carol Davila” University, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ryan Harouny
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (K.K.); (C.K.); (R.H.); (R.B.); (C.M.Z.)
- Craniofacial Research Laboratory, Division of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Nadim Z. Baba
- Advanced Dental Education Program in Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (K.K.); (C.K.); (R.H.); (R.B.); (C.M.Z.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carina Mehanna Zogheib
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (K.K.); (C.K.); (R.H.); (R.B.); (C.M.Z.)
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Bourgi R, Kharouf N, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Kharma K, Moussa FH, Metlej M, Haikel Y, Hardan L. Warm Air Delivery in Adhesive Application: Effect on Bonding Performance and Morphological Outcomes. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:194. [PMID: 38667205 PMCID: PMC11048613 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Solvent evaporation within an adhesive layer is a crucial step during a bonding process. The aim of this current research was to test whether the use of different air temperatures (20 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C) for solvent evaporation improves the performance of four adhesive systems to dentin. Sixty non-carious human molar teeth were randomly prepared for micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) tests. Four different adhesive systems, Prime&Bond Universal (PBU), OptiBond Universal (OBU), OptiBond FL (OBFL), and Clearfil SE (CSE), were applied following the manufacturer's instructions. Three groups based on the air-drying temperature were used: solvent evaporation was performed with either of warm (40 °C), (60 °C), and cold air as control group (20 °C) for 10 s at a distance of 5 cm. In all bonded surfaces, three resin composite (Reflectys, Itena Clinical, Paris, France) layers of 2 mm thickness were built up. The resin-dentin samples were kept in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h and 6 months, respectively, before μTBS testing. Failure analysis, scanning electron microscopy of resin-dentin bonded interface, and solvent evaporation rate were tested as secondary variables. All analyses were conducted using a significance level of α = 0.05. Bond strength (BS) values were similar among all the adhesive systems used (p > 0.05). Also, the aging factor did not affect the BS (p > 0.05). Only the factor of temperature used for solvent evaporation resulted in a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05), with the temperature of 60 °C being the highest value (p < 0.05). A failure mode evaluation revealed mostly adhesive or mixed modes of failures in all the different temperatures of air used for the solvent evaporation of each adhesive system. The thickness of the adhesive layer and the creation of resin tags varied amongst the temperatures evaluated. For all adhesive systems tested, the use of 40 °C or 60 °C air for solvent evaporation led to an increased mass loss. Warmer temperatures for solvent evaporation contributed positively to bonding performance, enhancing both the quality of the adhesive layer and its interaction with the dentin tissue. Optimizing solvent evaporation with warmer air temperatures (40 °C and 60 °C) significantly improved µTBS, offering a practical means to enhance the quality and longevity of adhesive restorations in esthetic dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.B.); (K.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico
| | | | - Khalil Kharma
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Fabienne Hajj Moussa
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Manar Metlej
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.B.); (K.K.)
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Ñaupari-Villasante R, de Freitas A, Hass V, Matos TP, Parreiras SO, Reis A, Gutiérrez MF, Loguercio AD. Prolonged polymerization of a universal adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions: 36-month double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Dent 2024; 142:104823. [PMID: 38145806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of prolonged (P) polymerization time of a universal adhesive system applied in etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) strategies on the clinical performance of restorations in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs), after 36 months of clinical service. METHODS A total of 140 restorations were randomly placed in 35 subjects according to the polymerization time groups: ER (10 s); ER-P (40 s); SE (10 s); and SE-P (40 s) at 1,200 mW/cm2. Composite resin was placed incrementally. The restorations were evaluated immediately and after 6, 12, 18, and 36 months using the FDI criteria. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival test for retention loss, and the Kruskal-Wallis' test for secondary outcomes (α = 0.05). RESULTS After 36 months, 19 restorations were lost: ER 6, ER-P 2, SE 9, SE-P 2. The retention rates were 82.3% for ER; 94.1 % for ER-P; 73.5 % for SE; and 94.1 % for SE-P, with a significant difference between ER vs. ER-P and SE vs. SE-P, as well as ER vs. SE-P and ER-P vs. SE (p < 0.0001). Minor defects were observed in 18 restorations for the marginal staining criteria: ER 5, ER-P 2, SE 8, SE-P 3; and in 33 restorations for the marginal adaptation criteria: ER 11, ER-P 4, SE 12, and SE-P 6 (p > 0.05). No restorations showed recurrence of caries or postoperative sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS A prolonged polymerization time of 40 s improves the clinical performance of the universal adhesive for both adhesive strategies evaluated, even after 36 months. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Prolonging the polymerization time of a universal adhesive from 10 to 40 s has been shown to improve its clinical performance when used in NCCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Ñaupari-Villasante
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - André de Freitas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Viviane Hass
- School of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Thalita P Matos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sibelli O Parreiras
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Northern Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Mario F Gutiérrez
- Universidad de los Andes, Chile. Facultad de Odontología, Santiago, Chile; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Rao AC, Kondas VV, Nandini V, Kirana R, Yadalam PK, Eswaramoorthy R. Evaluating the effect of poly (amidoamine) treated bioactive glass nanoparticle incorporated in universal adhesive on bonding to artificially induced caries affected dentin. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:810. [PMID: 37898802 PMCID: PMC10612299 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate remineralisation and its effect on microtensile bond-strength of artificially induced caries affected dentin (CAD) when treated with a commercial universal adhesive modified with poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM) loaded mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (A-PMBG). MATERIAL AND METHODS Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBG) were synthesised using sol-gel process, where PAMAM was loaded (P-MBG) and added to commercial adhesive at different weight percentages (0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt%). First, rheological properties of commercial and modified adhesives were evaluated. The effect of remineralization/hardness and microtensile bond-strength (MTBs) of those samples that mimicked the rheological properties of commercial adhesives were evaluated using Vickers hardness tester and universal testing machine respectively. Scanning-Electron microscope was used to visualize failed samples of MTBs and remineralization samples. Both evaluations were carried out at 1-,3 and 6-month intervals, samples being stored in stimulated salivary fluid during each time interval. RESULTS Addition of nanoparticles altered the rheological properties. With increase in the weight percentage of nanoparticles in commercial adhesive, there was significant increase in degree of conversion, viscosity and sedimentation rate (p < 0.05). The 0.2 and 0.5 wgt% groups closely mimicked the properties of commercial adhesive and were evaluated for remineralization and MTBs. After 6 months, 0.2wgt% group showed increased MTBs (p < 0.05) and 0.5wgt% group increased remineralization/hardness (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The complex of PAMAM-MBG-Universal adhesive can remineralize the demineralised CAD thereby improving its bond-strength when evaluated for up to 6-months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil C Rao
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, School Of Dental Sciences Krishna Institute, Malkapur, Karad, Maharashtra, 415110, India
| | - Vijay Venkatesh Kondas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute Of Science And Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 603203, India.
| | - Vidyashree Nandini
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute Of Science And Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 603203, India
| | - Ravi Kirana
- High Temperature Material Processing Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU), PO. 18888, Adama, Ethiopia.
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Karadas M, Bedir F. Does extended air-drying time improve bond strength of universal adhesives to enamel? J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:1113-1120. [PMID: 37039512 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of extended air-drying time on the microshear bond strength (MSBS) of universal adhesives to enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS The distal and mesial specimens from third molars were wet-ground and randomly assigned to three groups according to adhesives tested (n = 60): Clearfil Bond Universal, Gluma Bond Universal, and G-Premio Bond. The adhesives were applied in etch-and-rinse or self-etch modes, followed by air-drying for 5, 15, or 25 s. Composite buildups were constructed and subjected to the MSBS test after 24-h or thermocycling. MSBS results were evaluated using a four-way ANOVA. The thickness of the adhesive layer and the degree of solvent evaporation were further evaluated. RESULTS At 24-h, MSBS of G-Premio Bond significantly improved with the 25 s air-drying in both of the etching modes when compared to the 5 s air-drying. After thermocycling, the extended air-drying did not produce a significant difference on the MSBS, regardless of the application strategy. Extended air-drying (25 s) evaporated almost all of the volatile part of Gluma Bond Universal and G-Premio Bond. CONCLUSIONS Extended air-drying times increased solvent evaporation but did not contribute to the bonding effectiveness of the adhesives, regardless of the etching mode. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Air-drying applications for more than 5 s had no significant effect on enamel bonding performance of universal adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Karadas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Dentistry, Rize, Turkey
| | - Fatih Bedir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Dentistry, Rize, Turkey
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Cavalcanti KGBA, Pulido C, Moreira PHA, Monteles CF, Salvatierra BLC, Siqueira FSF, Soares CJ, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Cardenas AFM. Effect of irradiance and exposure time on the adhesive properties of universal adhesives after 2 years of storage. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5223-5232. [PMID: 37458867 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure time and irradiance on the dentin bonding properties (microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage (NL)) of the Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CUQ) adhesive and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SBU) immediately and after 2 years of water storage. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hence, 128 human molars were randomly assigned to 16 groups based on adhesive strategy, irradiance/exposure times, and storage time for each universal adhesive tested. The adhesives were applied using the etch-and-rinse and self-etch strategies and were light-cured using four different irradiance/exposure times: 1400 mW/cm2 for 5 s (1400 × 5), 1400 mW/cm2 for 10 s (1400 × 10), 3200 mW/cm2 for 5 s (3200 × 5), and 3200 mW/cm2 for 10 s (3200 × 10). Then, each sample was restored and sectioned into a resin-dentin bonded stick to be tested for μTBS and NL (immediately and after 2 years of water storage). The mean μTBS and NL of all resin-dentin bonded sticks from the same hemi-tooth (factor time) were statistically analyzed using a three-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (a = 0.05). RESULTS Despite a significant decrease in the μTBS values for all groups after 2 years of water storage, the 3200 × 5 group showed higher μTBS values, whereas the 3200 × 10 group showed lower μTBS values for both universal adhesives tested. Although a significant increase in the NL values was observed for all groups after 2 years of water storage, the 3200 × 10 group showed higher NL values than the other groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Results indicate that light-curing the adhesive layer with 14-16 J/cm2 led to an improvement in the stability of the resin-dentin adhesive interface. A longer exposure time (10 s) coupled with a higher irradiance (3200 mW/cm2) resulted in a greater degree of degradation of the adhesive interface. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE To guarantee better stability of the adhesive interface, clinicians could be preferred a light-cured universal adhesive layer with 14-16 J/cm2. Higher irradiances should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilo Pulido
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, San Francisco de Quito University, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pedro H A Moreira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Camila F Monteles
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Byron L C Salvatierra
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M, Sala 64A-Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, 84030-900, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos J Soares
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis, MA, Brazil
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M, Sala 64A-Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M, Sala 64A-Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, 84030-900, Brazil.
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Wendlinger M, Nuñez A, Moreira P, Carneiro TS, Cochinski GD, Siqueira F, Cardenas A, Loguercio AD. Effect of the Absence of HEMA on the Bonding Properties of Universal Adhesive Systems Containing 10-MDP: An In Vitro Study. Oper Dent 2023; 48:500-512. [PMID: 37503689 DOI: 10.2341/22-050-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the absence of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) on the adhesive properties with enamel and dentin of universal adhesive systems containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP). METHODS AND MATERIALS One hundred and twelve caries-free third molars were used to test adhesion to dentin (n=64) and enamel (n=48). For each substrate, teeth were divided into eight experimental groups: four different adhesives each using two adhesive strategies. The adhesives used were: (1) Scotchbond Universal (SBU, 3M Oral Care, St Paul, MN, USA) as a HEMA-containing universal adhesive; (2) Gluma Bond Universal (GBU, Kulzer, Hanau, Germany); (3) Solare Universal Bond (SUB, GC, Tokyo, Japan); and (4) Zipbond Universal (ZIP, SDI, Victoria, Australia) as HEMA-free universal adhesives. The adhesive strategies used were etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE). For dentin tests, the occlusal third of the crown of all teeth was removed and an adhesive protocol was applied. After completing the restoration, specimens were sectioned into bonded sticks (0.8 mm 2) and tested for microtensile bond strength (μTBS), in situ degree of conversion (DC), and nanoleakage (NL) by scanning electron microscopy. For enamel tests, teeth were sectioned into four parts (buccal, lingual, and proximal), and an adhesive protocol was applied. After completing the restoration, the specimens were tested for their microshear bond strength (μSBS). For in situ degree of conversion (DC) and nanoleakage (NL) evaluation of enamel, the specimens were sectioned in slices to be evaluated. The data for each substrate were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05) for each property evaluated. RESULTS The SBU and ZIP adhesives showed the highest μSBS, and DC (dentin and enamel) and lower NL (dentin) values compared to GBU and SUB (p=0.001). However, SBU showed better results in terms of μTBS and μSBS (SE strategy), and DC (dentin and enamel) than ZIP. Strategy ER presented higher values of μTBS and μSBS when compared to strategy SE (p=0.001), except for SBU. CONCLUSION The effect of the absence of HEMA in commercial universal adhesive systems on enamel and dentin adhesive properties appears to be material-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wendlinger
- Michel Wendlinger, DDS, Ms, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A Nuñez
- Alejandra Nuñez, DDS, MS, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, and professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, San Francisco de Quito University, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pha Moreira
- Pedro Henrique Aguiar Moreira, DDS, MS student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - T S Carneiro
- Taynara de Souza Carneiro, DDS, MS student Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, and Health Sciences Faculty, Area of Stomatology, IDIBO research group Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - G D Cochinski
- Gabriel David Cochinski, DDS, MS student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fsf Siqueira
- Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo de Siqueira, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Afm Cardenas
- Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas, DDS, Ms, PhD, professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - A D Loguercio
- *Alessandro D. Loguercio, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Tang C, Ahmed MH, Yao C, Mercelis B, Yoshihara K, Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B. Bonding performance of experimental HEMA-free two-step universal adhesives to low C-factor flat dentin. Dent Mater 2023:S0109-5641(23)00106-9. [PMID: 37164892 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Experimental two-step universal adhesives (2-UAs) providing a particle-filled hydrophobic adhesive resin with a significant film thickness to hydrophobically seal the adhesive interface were designed and synthesized. This study aimed to characterize their interfacial interaction with dentin, to determine whether the 2-UA formulations achieve durable bonding to low C-factor flat dentin and to measure their water sorption. METHODS Bonding effectiveness of 2-UAs that combine a 10-MDP-based primer with hydrophobic adhesive resins differing only for filler (BZF-21, BZF-29, and BZF-29_hv) were comparatively investigated with the commercial adhesive Clearfil SE Bond 2 (C-SE2, Kuraray Noritake). Adhesive-dentin interfaces were characterized with TEM. Adhesive-resin disks were immersed in distilled water at 37 °C for 1 week, 6 months and 1 year to measure water sorption and solubility. 'Immediate' and 'aged' micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of the adhesives applied in etch-and-rinse (E&R) and self-etch (SE) bonding mode to low C-factor flat dentin were measured. Statistical analyses involved linear mixed-effects (LME) modelling and Kruskal-Wallis testing (p < 0.05). RESULTS TEM revealed that E&R hybrid layers were more sensitive to aging than SE hybrid layers. Lower water sorption was recorded for all UAs compared with C-SE2. The immediate μTBS of BZF-21 and BZF-29 was not significantly different from that of C-SE2. The 1-year aged μTBS of all 2-UAs was significantly lower than that of C-SE2, except for BZF-29 applied in E&R mode. A significant reduction in μTBS upon 1-year aging was recorded for BZF-21 and BZF-29 applied in E&R mode. A significant difference in μTBS between E&R and SE bonding modes was recorded for all adhesives except BZF-21. SIGNIFICANCE Experimental 2-UAs with a hydrophobic adhesive-resin design produced± 20-μm thick adhesive-resin layers, absorbed less water and resulted in bonding performance that was more aging-resistant when applied in SE than in E&R bonding mode. The silica-filled BZF-29 2-UA revealed the most comparable bonding performance with C-SE2 in a low C-factor condition (flat dentin).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tang
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M H Ahmed
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; Tanta University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Biomaterials, Tanta, Egypt
| | - C Yao
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; Wuhan University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - B Mercelis
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Kagawa, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - M Peumans
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium.
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9
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Awad MM, Alhalabi F, Bamuqadm M, Alhoti A, Almasaad A, Robiaan A, Almahdy A, Alrahlah A, Ahmed MH. Adhesive sonic agitation improves bonding durability to class-II cavity preparation. Odontology 2023; 111:409-419. [PMID: 36175718 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adhesive sonic agitation on resin-dentin micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) and interfacial morphology at the gingival wall of class-II cavity preparation. Seventy-two molars with prepared class-II cavities were divided into six groups (n = 12) according to the bonding mode; etch-and-rinse (E&R) or self-etch (SE) and application protocol of the universal adhesive (UA) employed (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick, Kuraray Noritake); following the manufacturer instructions (MI), manual agitation for 20 s (20s), or sonic agitation for 20 s using a modified sonic micro-brush mounted on EndoActivator device, Dentsply Sirona, (sonic). Restored teeth were sectioned into resin-dentin beams and slaps and µTBS was evaluated at 1 week (1w) and after thermocycling (10k). µTBS data were analyzed using the linear mixed-effects modeling with specific contrast (p < 0.05). The resin-dentin interfacial morphology was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. Adhesive sonic agitation resulted in significantly higher µTBS means in both E&R and SE modes, compared to MI group. The µTBS of MI group showed significant reduction upon aging when applied in SE mode. Sonic agitation was associated with enhanced adhesive infiltration into dentin specially in E&R mode. Sonic agitation of UA using modified sonic micro-brush attached to EndoActivator device significantly improved the resin-dentin µTBS and interfacial morphology at the gingival wall of class-II cavity preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Awad
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 153, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Feras Alhalabi
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 153, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Bamuqadm
- College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik Alhoti
- College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulilah Almasaad
- College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Robiaan
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 153, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Almahdy
- Department of Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alrahlah
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Ahmed
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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10
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Lim ZE, Duncan HF, Moorthy A, McReynolds D. Minimally invasive selective caries removal: a clinical guide. Br Dent J 2023; 234:233-240. [PMID: 36829011 PMCID: PMC9957719 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-5515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
An evolving understanding of the carious process, along with new research in adhesive restorative materials, has led to a more conservative, minimally invasive and biologically-based approach to managing dental carious lesions. The growing volume of literature has also demonstrated prognostic success in the selective caries excavation technique, subsequently preventing excessive tooth structure removal and injury to the dentine-pulp complex, which maintains pulp vitality and improves the long-term prognosis of the tooth. However, at present, there remains a limited volume of high-quality evidence to support selective caries removal, which subsequently could partly explain some resistance to its use in clinical practice. This clinical technique guide aims to demonstrate the management of carious lesions of moderate-to-deep depth in permanent teeth based on current minimally invasive dental literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi En Lim
- General Dental Practitioner, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Henry F. Duncan
- grid.8217.c0000 0004 1936 9705Professor/Consultant in Endodontics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - David McReynolds
- Academic Prosthodontist and Assistant Professor in Restorative Dentistry, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Ireland.
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11
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Jitumori RT, Rodrigues RC, Reis A, Gomes JC, Gomes GM. Effect of dentin moisture on the adhesive properties of luting fiber posts using adhesive strategies. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e42. [PMID: 37132729 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentin moisture (moist and dry) on the bonding of fiber posts to root dentin with different adhesive strategies (etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and self-adhesive). Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human teeth were endodontically treated and divided into six groups (n = 12) according to the moisture of dentin surface and adhesive systems as follows: a) etch-and-rinse/moist, b) etch-and-rinse/dry, c) self-etch/moist, d) self-etch/dry, e) self-adhesive/moist, and 6) self-adhesive/dry. The specimens were sectioned into six slices for push-out bond strength (BS), nanoleakage (NL) by SEM, and Vickers microhardness (VHN) of the resin cement. A universal testing machine (AG-I, Shimadzu Autograph) was used at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until post extrusion, with a load cell of 50 kg for evaluation of the push-out strength. Data on BS, NL, and VHN were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Dentin moisture as the main factor was not significantly different for the push-out test. However, higher BS values can be observed for the etch-and-rinse group. A lower percentage of NL was found in the dry dentin groups. The moisture pattern was not significant in the hardness values for the pre-etching groups. Additional moisture did not increase the evaluated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Terumi Jitumori
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - UEPG, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Caroline Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - UEPG, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - UEPG, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Gomes
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - UEPG, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Giovana Mongruel Gomes
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - UEPG, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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12
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Improving Properties of an Experimental Universal Adhesive by Adding a Multifunctional Dendrimer (G-IEMA): Bond Strength and Nanoleakage Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071462. [PMID: 35406335 PMCID: PMC9002522 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A vast number of adhesive formulations exist currently. However, available adhesives still have several drawbacks such as increased hydrophilicity, polymerization deficiency, potential cytotoxicity and limited monomer interdiffusion within dentin. To improve material properties, a Bisphenol A-free adhesive containing a novel dendrimer G(2)-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (G-IEMA) in replacement of Bis-GMA was made and tested. Sound human molars were sectioned to expose mid-coronal dentin, which was bonded using four adhesives—Futurabond, Scotchbond Universal and experimentals EM1 and EM2. The experimental adhesive EM2 contained G-IEMA, while EM1 had Bis-GMA. Groups were further allocated to two different adhesive strategies: etch-and-rinse (20 s etching) or self-etch. Immediate (24 h) microtensile bond strength to dentin (n = 5) was tested using a universal testing machine (1 mm/min, 5 kN; Shimadzu AGS-X Autograph, Tokyo, Japan), while the ultrastructure of the interface (n = 2) was assessed using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Nanoleakage expression was evaluated using silver nitrate penetration and posterior SEM-EDS analysis (n = 3). Linear mixed models/Generalized models were used for inferential statistics (5% significance level). Bond strength results did not depend on the adhesive choice, although differences were found between strategies (p < 0.001). Regarding nanoleakage, when applied in an etch-and-rinse mode, experimental adhesives scored lower nanoleakage means than Futurabond and Scotchbond Universal. The novel adhesive shows interesting interfacial properties, with favorable nanoleakage results and a bond strength to dentin that matches current commercial adhesives.
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13
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Alegría-Acevedo LF, Gutiérrez MF, Perdigão J, Núñez A, Méndez-Bauer L, Dávila-Sanchez A, Reis A, Loguercio AD. In Vitro Performance of Different Universal Adhesive Systems on Several CAD/CAM Restorative Materials After Thermal Aging. Oper Dent 2022; 47:107-120. [PMID: 35226751 DOI: 10.2341/20-203-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the microshear bond strength (mSBS) of 10 universal adhesive systems applied on five different CAD/CAM restorative materials, immediately and after thermal aging. METHODS AND MATERIALS Five CAD/CAM materials were selected: 1) feldspathic glass ceramic (FeCe); 2) pre-polymerized reinforced resin composite (ReRC); 3) leucite-reinforced glass ceramic (LeGC); 4) lithium disilicate (LiDi); and 5) yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide (ZiDi). For each material, 15 blocks were cut into four rectangular sections (6 × 6 × 6 mm; n=60 per group) and processed as recommended by the respective manufacturer. For each indirect material, the following adhesive systems were applied according to the respective manufacturer's instructions: 1) AdheSE Universal [ADU]; 2) All-Bond Universal [ABU]; 3) Ambar Universal [AMB]; 4) Clearfil Universal Bond [CFU]; 5) Futurabond U [FBU]; 6) One Coat 7 Universal [OCU]; 7) Peak Universal Bond [PUB]; 8) Prime&Bond Elect [PBE]; 9) Scotchbond Universal Adhesive [SBU]; 10) Xeno Select [XEN, negative control]. After the application of the adhesive system, cylinder-shaped transparent matrices were filled with a dual-curing resin cement (NX3) and light cured. Specimens were tested in shear mode at 1.0 mm/ min (mSBS), after 24 hours and 10,000 thermal cycles (TC). All data were submitted to statistical analysis (α=0.05). RESULTS For FeCe, there was no significant decrease in mean mSBS for AMB, FBU, and SBU after TC when compared at 24 hours. For ReRC, AMB and SBU showed higher mean mSBS when compared to CFU and XEN, after 24 hours and TC. For LiDi, FBU and OCU showed higher mean mSBS when compared to CFU and XEN, after 24 hours and TC. For LeGC, AMB and PUB showed higher mean mSBS when compared to XEN, after 24 hours and TC. For ZiDi, OCU and SBU showed higher mean mSBS when compared to XEN, after 24 hours and TC. In addition, PBE and XEN showed the lowest mean mSBS after TC with higher percentage of bond strength reduction. CONCLUSIONS The mean mSBS among the different universal adhesives varied widely for each CAD/ CAM material used. In addition, most universal adhesives underwent a statistically significant bond strength reduction after TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Alegría-Acevedo
- Luisa F Alegria-Acevedo, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M F Gutiérrez
- Mario Felipe Gutiérrez, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Odontología, Santiago, Chile, and University of Chile, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Perdigão
- *Jorge Perdigão, DMD, MS, PhD, University of Minnesota, Department of Restorative Sciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA, and Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Viseu, Portugal
| | - A Núñez
- Alejandra Núñez, DDS, MS, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, and Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Quito, Ecuador
| | - L Méndez-Bauer
- Luján Méndez-Bauer, DDS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, and Universidad Francisco Marroquín, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Research, Cidad de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - A Dávila-Sanchez
- Andrés Dávila-Sanchez, DDS, Ms, PhD, professor, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A Reis
- Alessandra Reis, DDS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A D Loguercio
- Alessandro D Loguercio, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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14
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Bonding performance and ultramorphology of the resin-dentine interface of contemporary universal adhesives. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4391-4405. [PMID: 35149904 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed at evaluating the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and the resin-dentine ultramorphology (24 h and 10 months ageing) of contemporary universal adhesives applied in self-etch (SE) or etch-and-rinse (ER) mode. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-four sound human molars were collected and randomly allocated in 4 main experimental groups (n = 16) according to the adhesive system employed and subsequently divided into two subgroups depending on their application mode SE or ER (n = 8): ZipBond X (ZBX-SE; ZBX-ER), Prime and Bond Active (PBA-SE; PBA-ER), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CBQ-SE; CBQ-ER) or Scotchbond Universal (SCH-SE; SCH-ER). The specimens were cut into sticks with a cross-sectional area of approximately 0.9 mm2 and subjected to μTBS testing at 24 h or after 10 months of ageing in artificial saliva (AS). Five representative fractured specimens from each group were analysed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Resin-dentine slabs (Ø 0.9mm2) from each experimental group were immersed in Rhodamine B and subsequently analysed using confocal microscopy analysis (CLSM). The μTBS results were analysed using a two-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple-comparison test (α = 0.05). RESULTS ZBX, PBA and SCH exhibited greater μTBS values than CQB at 24 h in both SE and ER modes (p < 0.05). CQB showed a significant decrease in μTBS values after ageing both when used in SE and ER mode (p < 0.05). ZBX-ER exhibited no significant differences in the μTBS test after ageing (p > 0.05), while a significant drop in μTBS was seen in SCH-ER and APB-ER after 10-month ageing (p < 0.05). Clear signs of degradation were evident in the resin-dentine interface created with CQB regardless of the application mode or the ageing time. In APB-ER and SCH-ER groups, such signs of degradation were evident after ageing in AS. ZBX showed slight dye infiltration both when used in ER and SE mode. CONCLUSIONS The long-term bonding performance of modern universal adhesives is usually influenced by the adhesive strategy employed; self-etching application should be prioritised during dentine bonding. Moreover, the use of shortened bonding protocols may compromise the quality of the resin-dentine interface and the bonding performance of most modern universal adhesives. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of etch-and-rinse bonding procedures, as well as "shortened" application protocols should be eluded when using modern universal adhesives in dentine. However, new generation universal adhesives based on innovative chemical formulations may probably allow clinicians to achieve long-term bonding performance with such simplified system also when employed in ER mode.
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15
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Karadas M. Do universal adhesives provide the benefits from double-application or an extra bonding layer in composite repair? Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:1363-1370. [PMID: 34811843 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether the application of extra hydrophobic resin (EHR) or double layer (DL) improves microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of two universal adhesives to composite resin. Composite blocks were fabricated and exposed to thermal cycles. The specimens were horizontally sectioned into two halves. Scotch Bond Universal (SBU) and Clearfil S3 Bond Universal (CSBU) were applied to the ground composite surface according to the manufacturers' instructions, or with DL application or EHR application. The repair composite was incrementally placed to bonded planes. Composite sticks were achieved and tensed with a universal testing machine, followed by examining the fracture surfaces by a scanning electron microscope. Data were evaluated by Weibull analysis (shape and scale [σθ and σ0.10 ] parameters) using the maximum likelihood method. The σθ and σ0.10 , respectively, estimate strength at 63.2 and 10% probability of failure. Shape parameter values showed significant differences among treatments. DL application of CSBU did not affect μTBS values at σθ of failure but caused to decrease μTBS values at σ0.10 of failure. DL application of SBU reduced μTBS values at σθ of failure. DL or EHR coating did not improve μTBS of SBU. EHR application increased μTBS of CSBU, whereas DL application did not benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Karadas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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16
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Araújo-Neto VG, Moreira MM, Ñaupari-Villasante R, De Paula DM, Medeiros S, Loguercio AD, Feitosa VP. Nanofiller Particles and Bonding Durability, Water Sorption, and Solubility of Universal Adhesives. Oper Dent 2021; 46:690-697. [PMID: 35507899 DOI: 10.2341/20-239-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of nanofiller particles in simplified universal adhesive on the long-term microtensile bond strength and silver nitrate up-take, as well as water sorption and solubility. Commercial adhesives Ambar Universal (FGM) in nanofilled-containing version (filled) and same lot without fillers (unfilled) were donated and applied by means of etch-and-rinse strategy. Microtensile bond strength was surveyed after 24-hours or 1-year water storage. Silver nitrate uptake was assayed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water sorption and solubility experiments were performed based on ISO 4049:2009. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). The bond strength of both the adhesives were statistically similar at 24 hours (p>0.05), but the filled group attained significant bond strength reduction after aging when compared to initial bond strength (p<0.001). Conversely, unfilled adhesive presented stable adhesion after 1-year storage (p=0.262). Silver nitrate uptake was similar for both adhesives, with little silver impregnation at the hybrid and adhesive layers. Water sorption was higher with filled adhesive compared to the unfilled one (p=0.01). Conversely, solubility was higher in unfilled in comparison to filled one (p=0.008). The presence of nanofillers in universal adhesive achieves higher water sorption and dentin bond degradation, which did not occur in the unfilled adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Araújo-Neto
- *Vitaliano Gomes Araújo-Neto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - M M Moreira
- Madiana Magalhães Moreira, DDS, MS, Post-graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - R Ñaupari-Villasante
- RominaÑaupari-Villasante, DDS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - D M De Paula
- Diego Martins De Paula, DDS, MS, PhD, Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Stcb Medeiros
- Samara Tabata Cavalcante Braga Medeiros, DDS student, Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - A D Loguercio
- Alessandro Dourado Loguercio, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - V P Feitosa
- Victor Pinheiro Feitosa, DDS, MS, PhD, Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry, Fortaleza, Brazil
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17
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Fehrenbach J, Isolan CP, Münchow EA. Is the presence of 10-MDP associated to higher bonding performance for self-etching adhesive systems? A meta-analysis of in vitro studies. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1463-1485. [PMID: 34456050 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the literature on the bond strength of self-etching (SE) adhesives containing 10-MDP or other acidic functional monomers, comparing the bonding performance of both compositions. METHODS This study is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020175715) and it followed the PRISMA Statement. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, and BBO from the starting coverage date through 30 June 2021. Study eligibility criteria consisted of in vitro studies that evaluated the bond strength (microtensile, microshear, tensile or shear testing) to sound dentin/enamel of a minimum of two distinct SE systems, with at least one material containing 10-MDP and one other being comprised of a distinct acidic composition. Statistical analyses were carried out with RevMan 5.3.5 and using random-effects models with the significance level at p < 0.05. Also, Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted using MetaInsight V3 tool. RESULTS From 740 relevant studies evaluated in full-text analysis, 210 were incorporated to the systematic review and 206 in meta-analysis. The majority of studies was classified as having medium risk of bias (56.7%), followed by low (35.2%) and high (8.1%) risk of bias. Data from a total of 64 adhesive systems were collected, which favored the 10-MDP-based group at both dentin (overall effect: 6.98; 95% CI: 5.61, 8.36; p < 0.00001) and enamel (overall effect: 2.79; 95% CI: 1.62, 3.96; p < 0.00001) substrates. Microtensile testing was more frequently used (73.4%) in the included studies. Adhesives based on 10-MDP showed greater bonding performance than adhesives comprised of monomers such as PENTA, 6-MHP, 4-META, 4-MET, pyrophosphate esters, mixed composition or monomers derived from sulfonic acid (p ≤ 0.01); whereas similar bond strength values were verified between 10-MDP-based materials and those containing PEM-F, acrylamide phosphates, 4-AET, MAC-10, or monomers derived from polyacrylic and phosphonic acids (p ≥ 0.05). Adhesives based on GPDM were the only ones that resulted in greater bonding potential than the 10-MDP-based group (p = 0.03). Dental bonds in dentin were favored with the application of 2-step 10-MDP-based adhesives; whereas in enamel the dental bonds were favored for both 2-steps versions of adhesives, regardless of the presence of 10-MDP. Indirect evidence from NMA revealed that 1-step 10-MDP-free and universal 10-MDP-free adhesives seemed to perform worst in dentin and enamel, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE Adhesives containing 10-MDP showed higher bonding performance than materials formulated with other acidic ingredients, although this result relied on the type of mechanical testing, type of the substrate, acidic composition of the adhesive, and the application category of the SE system. This review summarized the effects of the foregoing factors on the adhesion to dental substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fehrenbach
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Pereira Isolan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Rua da Glória, 187, Centro, Diamantina, Brazil.
| | - Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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USLU TEKCE A, ATALAY C, DURSUN MN, ERTAN AA, YAZICI AR. Does Double-layer Application of a Universal Adhesive Affect Its Bonding to Different Tooth Substrates? CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.932520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Follak AC, Ilha BD, Oling J, Savian T, Rocha RDO, Soares FZM. Clinical behavior of universal adhesives in non-carious cervical lesions: A randomized clinical trial. J Dent 2021; 113:103747. [PMID: 34273442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This randomized, double-blind clinical trial, , evaluated the behavior of two universal adhesives used in etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) approach in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs). METHODS Two hundred and eleven NCCLs were selected in 54 participants and randomly allocated into four experimental groups: Scotchbond Universal Adhesive - SBU (3M Oral Care) and Prime & Bond Elect - PB (Dentsply Sirona) used in ER and SE modes. Two trained operators placed all resin composite restorations (Filtek Z250, 3M Oral Care). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months using both FDI and USPHS modified criteria by a blinded calibrated examiner. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U non-parametric tests were used to compare the restoration failures among experimental groups. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found among groups regarding failures (p=0.000 for both FDI and USPHS criteria). PB-SE presented more failures (p<0.05) than other experimental groups. No significant difference was found between any other pair of groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The etch and rinse approach affected the clinical performance of Prime and Bond Elect. For this material, the self-etch approach generated lower criteria scores after a six-month follow-up. The bonding strategy did not influence Scotchbond Universal Adhesive clinical performance. (RBR-2GQMVF) CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The clinical behavior of mild universal adhesive Prime & Bond Elect depends on the bonding strategy. The etch-and-rinse approach is recommended for this adhesive system. Scotchbond Universal Adhesive can be used in both bonding strategies without impairing clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Dias Ilha
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Julia Oling
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thais Savian
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Cavalheiro A, Cruz J, Sousa B, Silva A, Coito C, Lopes M, Vargas M. Dentin adhesives application deviations: Effects on permeability and nanoleakage. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1160-1168. [PMID: 34024885 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose was to evaluate the effect that deviations from the recommended protocol of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system has on permeability and nanoleakage. One hundred and twenty dentin disks were treated with a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system, according to the manufacturer's instructions, or using five simulated deviations from the recommended protocol: applying potassium oxalate, reducing the application time of the adhesive, avoiding adhesive drying, aggressively drying the adhesive, and double application of adhesive. Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey's post hoc comparisons were used to evaluate the permeability reduction (α=0.05). Twelve additional dentin disks were prepared for transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis of nanoleakage. Aggressive drying, adding additional layers of adhesive or using oxalate reduced dentin permeability and yielded a better infiltration of the hybrid layer, whereas reducing the application time or less drying the adhesive did not to reduce dentin permeability, caused extensive nanoleakage, showing immediate compromised dentin sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Cavalheiro
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, Cidade Universitária
| | - Joana Cruz
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, Cidade Universitária
| | - Bernardo Sousa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, Cidade Universitária
| | - Ana Silva
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, Cidade Universitária
| | - Catarina Coito
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, Cidade Universitária
| | - Manuela Lopes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, Cidade Universitária
| | - Marcos Vargas
- Department of Family Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa
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Anton y Otero CI, Di Bella E, Krejci I, Bortolotto T. Effect of 9.3 μm CO2 and 2.94 μm Er:YAG Laser vs. Bur Preparations on Marginal Adaptation in Enamel and Dentin of Mixed Class V Cavities Restored With Different Restorative Systems. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.668056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare marginal adaptation in enamel and dentin before and after aging of laser vs. bur-prepared mixed class V cavities restored by different restorative systems. Seventy two caries-free human molars were distributed to nine experimental groups; cavities were prepared using two different lasers: a handpiece -integrated 2.94 μm Er:YAG laser at 4.5 W, 300 mJ, and 0.75 W, 50 mJ with 15 Hz (LiteTouch, Light Instruments, Israel) and a novel CO2 laser at 12.95 W, 19.3 mJ, and 4.1 W, 6.11 mJ with 671 Hz (Solea 9.3 μm, Convergent Dental, USA). Cavities prepared with conventional diamond burs (Intensiv, Switzerland) in a red contra angle at high speed under maximal water cooling served as control. Cavities were prepared under simulation of dentinal fluid and restored using three different self-etching universal adhesives in combination with three nanohybrid composites, applied in two layers: Scotchbond Universal with Filtek Supreme XTE (3M, USA), G-Premio BOND with Essentia Universal (GC, Japan), and OptiBond Universal with Harmonize Universal (Kerr, USA). After restorations' polishing and simultaneous thermal (5–50°C, 2 min each) and mechanical loading (max. 49 N; 200,000 cycles), replicas of restoration margins were examined under SEM at × 200 magnification. Percentages of continuous margins (CMs) were quantified before and after the fatigue test and statistically compared (two-way ANOVA with Fisher's least significant difference [LSD] post hoc test). Significant differences were found in almost all groups between the results before and after the fatigue test, as well as between the different preparation tools and restorative materials (p < 0.05). Traditional bur preparations are confirmed as gold standard in enamel and dentin, as all three tested restorative systems provide results of marginal adaptation of more than 80% CM after loading. Er:YAG laser preparations can be equally effective in combination with SBU/Filtek Supreme XTE. CO2 laser ablation could not provide convincing results with the tested self-etching restorative systems. Marginal adaptation has been highly dependent on the substrate and showed impaired adhesion, especially in enamel. Scotchbond Universal/Filtek Supreme XTE showed the highest and most stable values of CM. The other two restorative systems were highly dependent on the preparation device of the substrate.
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Hardan L, Bourgi R, Kharouf N, Mancino D, Zarow M, Jakubowicz N, Haikel Y, Cuevas-Suárez CE. Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives to Dentin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:814. [PMID: 33799923 PMCID: PMC7961712 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the availability of a wide variety of universal adhesives makes it difficult for clinicians to choose the correct system for specific bonding situations to dentin substrate. This study aimed to determine whether there are any alternative techniques or additional strategies available to enhance the bond strength of universal adhesives to dentin through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers executed a literature search up to September 2020 in four electronic databases: PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE. Only in vitro studies that reported the dentin bond strength of universal adhesives using additional strategies were included. An analysis was carried out using Review Manager Software version 5.3.5 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). The methodological quality of each in vitro study was assessed according to the parameters of a previous systematic. A total of 5671 potentially relevant studies were identified. After title and abstract examination, 74 studies remained in systematic review. From these, a total of 61 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The bond strength of universal adhesives to dentin was improved by the use of one of the following techniques: Previous application of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibitors (p < 0.001), prolonged application time (p = 0.007), scrubbing technique (p < 0.001), selective dentin etching (p < 0.001), non-atmospheric plasma (p = 0.01), ethanol-wet bonding (p < 0.01), prolonged blowing time (p = 0.02), multiple layer application (p = 0.005), prolonged curing time (p = 0.006), and hydrophobic layer coating (p < 0.001). On the other hand, the use of a shortened application time (p = 0.006), and dentin desensitizers (p = 0.01) impaired the bond strength of universal adhesives to dentin. Most of the analyses performed showed a high heterogenicity. The in vitro evidence suggests that the application of universal adhesives using some alternative techniques or additional strategies may be beneficial for improving their bonding performance to dentin. This research received no external funding. Considering that this systematic review was carried out only with in vitro studies, registration was not performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, 1107 2180 Beirut, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, 1107 2180 Beirut, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (D.M.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Davide Mancino
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (D.M.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Maciej Zarow
- Private Practice, “NZOZ SPS Dentist” Dental Clinic and Postgraduate Course Centre, pl. Inwalidow 7/5, 30-033 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (N.J.)
| | - Natalia Jakubowicz
- Private Practice, “NZOZ SPS Dentist” Dental Clinic and Postgraduate Course Centre, pl. Inwalidow 7/5, 30-033 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (N.J.)
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (D.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo 42160, Mexico
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Shadman N, Hoseinifar R, Mirrashidi F, Gholami S. The effect of silane-containing universal adhesives on the immediate and delayed bond strength of repaired composite restorations. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.328755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Dačić S, Miljković M, Mitić A, Radenković G, Anđelković-Apostolović M, Jovanović M. Influence of etching mode and composite resin type on bond strength to dentin using universal adhesive system. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:1212-1219. [PMID: 33354799 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Adhesive bond strength at the composite/dentin interface is influenced by various factors, including the etching mode and composite resin type. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the total-etch and self-etch mode on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of conventional and bulk-fill composite to dentin, using the universal adhesive system. Sixty non-carious human teeth were sectioned parallel to their longitudinal axis, using a low-speed diamond saw to obtain a flat dentin surface. According to the etching technique and composite resin type used, teeth were randomly divided into four different groups (n = 15): TC (total-etch/conventional composite), TB (total-etch/bulk-fill composite), SC (self-etch/conventional composite), and SB (self-etch/bulk-fill composite). Cylindric composite build-ups were made with 3M Filtek Z250 and 3M Filtek Bulkfill Posterior, using a plastic mold, 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm in height. The specimens were subjected to the μTBS test in a universal testing machine and failure force was recorded. Failure modes were determined using stereoscopic and scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA and Student's t test. The μTBS was significantly affected by the etching technique. A significant statistical difference was determined between total-etch and self-etch groups, irrespective of the composite resin type used. Higher bond strength was obtained in total-etch groups. The μTBS was not affected by the composite resin type. No significant statistical difference was determined between the conventional and bulk-fill groups, irrespective of the etching-mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dačić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Miljković
- Research Centre for Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mitić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Goran Radenković
- Laboratory for Testing Materials and Machinery, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Milica Jovanović
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Malaquias P, Gutiérrez MF, Sutil E, Matos TDP, Hanzen TA, Reis A, Perdigão J, Loguercio AD. Universal adhesives and dual-cured core buildup composite material: adhesive properties. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20200121. [PMID: 33263646 PMCID: PMC7714263 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-cured buildup composites and simplified light-cured adhesive systems are mixed with a chemical activator to prevent the incompatibility between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela Malaquias
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil
| | - Mario Felipe Gutiérrez
- Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Odontologia, Chile. Universidas de Chile, Facultad de odontogia, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológica, Chile
| | - Elisama Sutil
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil
| | - Thalita de Paris Matos
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil
| | - Taise Alessandra Hanzen
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil
| | - Jorge Perdigão
- University of Minnesota, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Perdigão J, Araujo E, Ramos RQ, Gomes G, Pizzolotto L. Adhesive dentistry: Current concepts and clinical considerations. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:51-68. [PMID: 33264490 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To address contemporary concepts in adhesive dental materials with emphasis on the evidence behind their clinical use. OVERVIEW Adhesive dentistry has undergone major transformations within the last 20 years. New dental adhesives and composite resins have been launched with special focus on their user-friendliness by reducing the number of components and/or clinical steps. The latest examples are universal adhesives and universal composite resins. While clinicians prefer multipurpose materials with shorter application times, the simplification of clinical procedures does not always result in the best clinical outcomes. This review summarizes the current evidence on adhesive restorative materials with focus on universal adhesives and universal composite resins. CONCLUSIONS (a) Although the clinical behavior of universal adhesives has exceeded expectations, dentists still need to etch enamel to achieve durable restorations; (b) there is no clinical evidence to back some of the popular adjunct techniques used with dental adhesives, including glutaraldehyde-based desensitizers and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors; and (c) the color adaptation potential of new universal composite resins has simplified their clinical application by combining multiple shades without using different translucencies of the same shade. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE New adhesive restorative materials are easier to use than their predecessors, while providing excellent clinical outcomes without compromising the esthetic quality of the restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Perdigão
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Edson Araujo
- Department of Comprehensive Care, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Renato Q Ramos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - George Gomes
- George Gomes Dental Center, Oeiras, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lucas Pizzolotto
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Gutierrez MF, Perdigão J, Malaquias P, Cardenas AM, Siqueira F, Hass V, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Effect of Methacryloyloxydecyl Dihydrogen Phosphate–Containing Silane and Adhesive Used Alone or in Combination on the Bond Strength and Chemical Interaction With Zirconia Ceramics Under Thermal Aging. Oper Dent 2020; 45:516-527. [DOI: 10.2341/18-093-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
Achieving durable bonding to zirconia is fundamental for the application of a methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)–containing silane solution or an MDP-containing silane solution associated with an MDP-containing universal adhesive.
SUMMARY
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)–containing silane coupling agent and universal adhesive, used alone or in combination, on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) to zirconia after 24 hours of water storage (24h) and after 10,000 thermocycles (TC), complemented with chemical analysis of the surface to establish the presence of MDP on the surface of the zirconia after bonding procedures.
Methods and Materials: Thirty computer-aided design/computed-aided manufacturing blocks of zirconia were cut into four sections (6×6×6 mm) and sintered. Zirconia sections (n=96) were assigned to 24 groups according to three factors: 1) silane (no silane, Monobond S [MBS], Monobond P [MB+]), 2) adhesive + resin cement (no adhesive + Enforce [ENF], no adhesive + RelyX Ultimate [REX], Prime&Bond Elect + Enforce [PBE/ENF], Scotchbond Universal + RelyX Ultimate [SBU/REX]), and 3) thermocycling (no thermocycling [24h], 10,000 thermocycles [TC]). Upon silane/adhesive application, cylinder-shaped matrices were filled with resin cement and light cured. Specimens were tested in μSBS (1.0 mm/min) after 24h or TC. The μSBS data were analyzed using twoway ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α=0.05). In addition, micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the zirconia surface for immediate chemical interaction analysis (n=24).
Results: For the 24h condition, PBE/ENF resulted in lower mean μSBS than both groups with silane without PBE (MBS and MB+ groups; p<0.001). SBU alone or MB+ alone and MB+ associated with SBU showed the highest mean μSBS (p<0.001). For the TC condition, all groups showed a significant decrease in mean μSBS compared with those of 24h (p<0.001), with the exception of MB+ associated to SBU (p>0.05). However, the application of MB+ alone or MB+ associated to SBU resulted in higher mean μSBS (p<0.001) after TC than the remaining TC groups. In terms of chemical interaction, only the SBU groups, alone or combined with both of the silane agents, were associated with the methacrylate groups after rinsing.
Conclusions: The results of the current study support the use of an MDP-containing silane solution or an MDP-containing silane solution associated with an MDP-containing universal adhesive for bonding to air-abraded zirconia, as a more stable bonding after thermocycling.
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Perdigão J. Current perspectives on dental adhesion: (1) Dentin adhesion - not there yet. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2020; 56:190-207. [PMID: 34188727 PMCID: PMC8216299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential goal of any adhesive restoration is to achieve a tight and long-lasting adaptation of the restorative material to enamel and dentin. The key challenge for new dental adhesives is to be simultaneously effective on two dental substrates of conflicting nature. Some barriers must be overcome to accomplish this objective. While bonding to enamel by micromechanical interlocking of resin tags within the array of microporosities in acid-etched enamel can be reliably achieved and can effectively seal the restoration margins against leakage, bonding effectively and durably to organic and humid dentin is the most puzzling task in adhesive dentistry. Much of the research and development of dental adhesives has focused on making the clinical procedure more user-friendly by reducing the number of bottles and/or steps. Although clinicians certainly prefer less complicated and more versatile adhesive materials, there is a trade-off between simplification of dental adhesives and clinical outcomes. Likewise, new materials are launched with claims of being novel and having special properties without much supporting evidence. This review article discusses dental adhesion acknowledging pioneer work in the field, highlights the substrate as a major challenge to obtain durable adhesive restorations, as well as analyzes the three adhesion strategies and their shortcomings. It also reviews the potential of chemical/ionic dental adhesion, discusses the issue of extensively published laboratory research that does not translate to clinical relevance, and leaves a few thoughts in regard to recent research that may have implications for future adhesive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Perdigão
- Professor, University of Minnesota, Department of Restorative Sciences, 515 SE Delaware St, 8-450 Moos Tower, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Dentin Bonding and SEM Analysis of a New Experimental Universal Adhesive System Containing a Dendrimer. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020461. [PMID: 32079151 PMCID: PMC7077672 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their polymerization characteristics, hyper-branched dendrimers have lately shown to be promising candidates for use in dental materials. In this study, a new dental adhesive system was prepared, using a dendrimer derived from 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (G-IEMA), and its adhesive properties were investigated. The exposed dentin was treated with four universal adhesives (UAs): SBU (Scotchbond Universal™), FUT (Futurabond M+™), AE1 (experimental adhesive with Bis-GMA) and AE2 (experimental adhesive with G-IEMA), using Etch & Rinse (ER) or Self Etch (SE) protocols. Composite build-ups were prepared and stored for 24 h at 37 °C in distilled water. Composite/dentin beams were prepared with cross-sectional areas of 1 ± 0.3 mm2 and µTBS (Micro-tensile bond strength) test was performed at 0.5 mm/min. Failures modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy, and bonding interfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis of µTBS data was performed using General Linear (GLM) and Linear Mixed Models (LMM). The effect of adhesive type on µTBS was significant (p = 0.010), with AE1 presenting significantly higher µTBS than SBU (p = 0.019). No other differences between adhesives were observed. ER showed significantly better results than SE (p = 0.019), and no significant interactions between the adhesives and protocols were determined. Results obtained so far pinpoint the emergence of a new paradigm in the dental materials field, as G-IEMA can be used successfully as an alternative to Bis-GMA.
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STRAZZI-SAHYON HB, ROCHA EP, ASSUNÇÃO WG, DOS SANTOS PH. Role of adhesive systems on the luting interface’s thickness of ceramic laminate veneers. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e063. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ghajari MF, Ghasemi A, Badiee M, Abdolazimi Z, Baghban AA. Microshear Bond Strength of Scotchbond Universal Adhesive to Primary and Permanent Dentin: A Six-Month in Vitro Study. Front Dent 2019; 16:173-180. [PMID: 31858082 PMCID: PMC6911661 DOI: 10.18502/fid.v16i3.1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the microshear bond strength (MSBS) of Scotchbond Universal adhesive, used in self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes, to primary and permanent dentin at 24 hours and six months. Materials and Methods: A total of 88 composite micro-cylinders were divided into eight groups (n=11) as follows: (A) Etch-and-rinse, 24 hours, primary dentin; (B) Self-etch, 24 hours, primary dentin; (C) Etch-and-rinse, six months, primary dentin; (D) Self-etch, six months, primary dentin; (E) Etch-and-rinse, 24 hours, permanent dentin; (F) Self-etch, 24 hours, permanent dentin; (G) Etch-and-rinse, six months, permanent dentin; (H) Self-etch, six months, permanent dentin. The MSBS was measured by a testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean MSBS was 12.3±2.3 MPa in A, 18.8±4.1 MPa in B, 11.9±3.7 MPa in C, 16±2.9 MPa in D, 19.1±2.7 MPa in E, 22.8±4.1 MPa in F, 16.2±2.6 MPa in G, and 17.2±4.4 MPa in H. In the self-etch mode, the MSBS was significantly higher than that in the etch-and-rinse mode (P<0.001). The MSBS in permanent teeth was significantly higher than primary teeth (P<0.001). At six months, the MSBS significantly decreased in all groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: The micro-shear bond strength of Scotchbond Universal adhesive decreases over time and depends on the type of tooth and the mode of application of the adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Fallahinejad Ghajari
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Restorative Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Badiee
- Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdolazimi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban
- Proteomics Research Center, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hass V, Cardenas AFM, Siqueira FSF, Pacheco RR, Zago PMW, Silva DO, Bandeca MC, Loguercio AD. Bonding Performance of Universal Adhesive Systems Applied in Etch-and-Rinse and Self-Etch Strategies on Natural Dentin Caries. Oper Dent 2019; 44:510-520. [DOI: 10.2341/17-252-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective:
This study investigated the bonding performance of three universal adhesive systems applied using etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) strategies on natural dentin caries.
Materials and Methods:
Sixty human third molars were selected for this study: 30 naturally carious (CAD) and 30 sound (SD) teeth. The dentin surfaces were exposed, and teeth were randomly assigned to each evaluated adhesive system: Scotchbond Universal (SBU), Futurabond U (FBU), and Prime&Bond Elect (PBE) and an adhesive strategy: ER or SE. The adhesive systems were applied following the manufacturer's instructions, and the teeth were restored using a resin composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra, 3M). After 24 hours (distilled water at 37°C), samples were sectioned and evaluated using microtensile bond strength analysis (μTBS), micro-Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the degree of conversion within the hybrid layer (DC), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) to describe the morphology of the hybrid layer. The μTBS and DC data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test for means comparison (α=0.05). The SEM images were analyzed qualitatively.
Results:
Reduced μTBS values were observed when comparing CAD with SD, regardless of adhesive system or strategy (p<0.0001). SBU showed statistically higher μTBS for both dentin substrates and strategies (p<0.0001). Furthermore, SBU showed greater integrity of the hybrid layer and resin tag formation compared with FBU and PBE. Mean μTBS values for FBU were higher for SD in the SE mode, whereas higher mean μTBS values were observed for CAD in the ER mode, both compared with PBE (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Bonding performance is reduced on a caries-affected substrate. The ER strategy was not able to improve the bonding performance on natural CAD for universal adhesive systems. Improved bonding performance was obtained when using the Scotchbond Universal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hass
- Viviane Hass, University North Parana, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - AFM Cardenas
- Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - FSF Siqueira
- Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo de Siqueira, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - RR Pacheco
- Rafael R Pacheco, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - PMW Zago
- Patricia Maria Wiziack Zago, School of Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - DO Silva
- Daniella Oliveira Silva, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, University Ceuma, São Luís, Brazil
| | - MC Bandeca
- Matheus C Bandeca, Department of Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - AD Loguercio
- Alessandro D Loguercio, Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Improving bonding to eroded dentin by using collagen cross-linking agents: 2 years of water storage. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:809-822. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Perdigão J, Ceballos L, Giráldez I, Baracco B, Fuentes MV. Effect of a hydrophobic bonding resin on the 36-month performance of a universal adhesive-a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:765-776. [PMID: 31147827 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if the addition of a layer of a hydrophobic bonding resin to the recommended application sequence of a universal adhesive improves the respective clinical behavior in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) after 36 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SBU, 3M Oral Care) was applied in NCCLs of 39 subjects using four adhesion strategies: (1) three-step ER (etch-and-rinse), (2) two-step ER, (3) two-step SE (self-etch), and (4) one-step SE. An extra layer of a hydrophobic bonding resin was applied for strategies three-step ER and two-step SE. The same composite resin (Filtek Supreme XTE, 3M Oral Care) was used for all strategies. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and 18 and 36 months using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman, and Wilcoxon non-parametric tests were computed. RESULTS The cumulative failure rate was 8.6%. The 36-month retention rates were 100% for both 3-ER and 2-ER, 76.0% for 2-SE, and 86.2% for 1-SE. A lower retention rate was observed for two-step SE at 36 months compared with both three-ER (p < 0.01) and two-ER (p < 0.01). Identical retention rates were measured for the two SE groups. When retention rate was compared at baseline versus 36 months for each adhesion strategy, a significant decrease was observed for 2-SE. The restorations performed with 3-ER, 2-SE, and 1-SE had a significant deterioration in marginal discoloration at the 18-month recall. CONCLUSIONS The 36-month clinical performance of Scotchbond Universal Adhesive improved for both etch-and-rinse strategies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Phosphoric acid etching is still recommended to provide retention to composite restorations in NCCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Perdigão
- Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, 8-450 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Laura Ceballos
- Area of Stomatology, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Giráldez
- Area of Stomatology, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Baracco
- Area of Stomatology, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Victoria Fuentes
- Area of Stomatology, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
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Impact of Solvent Evaporation and Curing Protocol on Degree of Conversion of Etch-and-Rinse and Multimode Adhesives Systems. Int J Dent 2019; 2019:5496784. [PMID: 31097965 PMCID: PMC6487092 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5496784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the effect of air-drying time and light-curing time on the degree of conversion (DC) of three etch-and-rinse adhesive systems: ONE-STEP (OS) and ONE-STEP plus (OSP), Ambar (AMB), and two multimode adhesive systems: All-Bond Universal (ABU) and ScotchBond Universal (SBU) by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Materials and Methods The DC of each adhesive system was analyzed with six experimental different protocols: (1) immediate light curing for 10 s without solvent volatilization; (2) 10 s solvent volatilization with air stream plus 10 s light curing; (3) 60 s solvent volatilization with air stream plus 10 s light curing; (4) immediate light curing for 20 s without solvent volatilization; (5) 10 s solvent volatilization with air stream plus 20 s light curing; and (6) 60 s solvent volatilization with air stream plus 20 s light curing. FTIR spectra were obtained, and the DC was calculated by comparing the ratio of aliphatic/aromatic double carbon bonds before and after light activation (Bluephase 20i). The DC means were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Results Three-way ANOVA showed statistically significant adhesive, air-drying, and light-cured time (p < 0.001). In general, there was a trend of increased DC when the adhesives were dried and cured for longer times, but that was not observed for all the adhesives tested. The acetone-based adhesive systems require an air-drying prior to light activation. The light-curing time of 20 s increases the DC of all materials tested. Conclusion The results suggested that the DC of the adhesive systems tested was material dependent. In general, the protocol with solvent evaporation for 10 seconds with air syringe plus 20 seconds of light curing finds the high values of DC.
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Dönmez N, Güngör AS, Karabulut B, Siso ŞH. Comparison of the micro-tensile bond strengths of four different universal adhesives to caries-affected dentin after ER:YAG laser irradiation. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:218-225. [PMID: 30504693 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The micro-tensile bond strengths (micro-TBSs) of four universal adhesive systems, applied in two different bonding techniques, to carries-affected dentin after Er:YAG laser irradiation were investigated. Twenty-four extracted human molars were divided into four groups, according to the adhesive systems used. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups, depending on the bonding method used: the etch-and-rinse procedure or self-etch procedure. The carious lesions were irradiated using an Er:YAG laser. Resin composites were used to restore the adhesive-treated dentin surfaces. After 2,500 thermal cycles, the vertical composite resin-dentin sticks obtained were subjected to micro-TBS tests. One tooth in each group was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There were statistically significant differences (p<0.001) in micro-TBS values between universal adhesives. The results of this study suggested that universal adhesives applied both with self and total etch technique can be used for adhesive restorations to caries-affected dentin after Er:YAG laser irradiation. If lasers are preferred as a caries removal method, choosing a dentin bonding agent containing MDP may be recommended in clinical practice due to the property of increasing the bonding strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmiye Dönmez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University
| | | | - Barış Karabulut
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry , Sağlık Bilimleri University
| | - Şeyda Hergüner Siso
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydın University
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Nagarkar S, Theis-Mahon N, Perdigão J. Universal dental adhesives: Current status, laboratory testing, and clinical performance. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2121-2131. [PMID: 30637932 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Increasing demand for simplified and user-friendly adhesive systems has led to the development of a new class of adhesives termed as Universal Adhesives (UAs). The term "Universal" reflects manufacturers' claims that these adhesives can be applied with any adhesion strategy and offer the versatility of use with a variety of direct and indirect restorative materials. The aim of this review was to synthesize the literature regarding the current status of UAs, their adhesion potential to various substrates and their performance in different restorative situations. In vitro studies, clinical trials and systematic reviews were identified utilizing controlled vocabulary and keyword searches in Medline and EMBASE databases. About 282 studies (272 in vitro studies; 11 clinical studies) were included. Available laboratory and clinical evidence does not support the claim that UAs can be used with any adhesive strategy. Although, they can chemically bond to various tooth and direct/indirect restorative substrates, the stability of this bond is material-dependent and subject to hydrolytic degradation. Hence, additional measures are still needed to ensure long-term durability. which undermines the versatility of UAs. The lack of long-term data regarding the clinical performance of UAs further complicates clinical decision-making. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2121-2131, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Nagarkar
- Park Dental Group, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Clinical Research Assistant Professor (affiliated), Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Jorge Perdigão
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Daneshkazemi P, Ghasemi A, Daneshkazemi A, Shafiee F. Evaluation of micro shear bonding strength of two universal dentin bondings to superficial dentin by self etch and etch-and-rinse strategies. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e837-e843. [PMID: 30386514 PMCID: PMC6203927 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Universal bondings can be used either with the etch-and-rinse or self-etch technique. Thus, the present study was done to evaluate the micro-shear bonding strength of two types of Universal Bondings to superficial dentin i.e self-etch and etch and rinse. Material and Methods The samples included 70 tooth blocks taken from 35 extracted sound premolar teeth. The superficial dentin was exposed to grinding by 800 grit silicon carbide Disk. The samples were randomly divided into 5 equal groups (14 samples in each group). Scotch bond universal (3M/USA) and All bond universal (BISCO/USA) were applied by self-etch and etch and rinse technique in group 1-4 and Adper Single bond 2 (3M/USA) was used in group 5 as etch and rinse for the control group. Z250 XT (3M/USA) resin composite was bonded in tygon tube on surfaces of samples and were cured. Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 h and then subjected to the micro shear bond strength test in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Failure mode was determined using a stereomicroscope under 20X magnification. Significance level was considered 0/05. Results The mean of micro-shear bonding strength and Standard Deviation of groups in Mega Pascal are respectively: 35.74 (6.21), 29.50 (3.89), 24.60 (3.53), 31.47 (4.73), 18.09 (3.87). The self-etch technique for Scotch bond Universal and the etch and rinse technique for All bond Universal showed higher micro shear bonding strength. Adper single bond 2 showed the lowest bond strength to a significant level in comparison to other groups (p<0.05). Failure mode was predominantly adhesive. Conclusions The micro shear bonding strength of universal adhesives was highly bonding-dependent. Universal bondings had higher micro-shear bonding strength than Adper single bond 2. Key words:Bond strength, dentin, self-etch, etch-and-rinse, universal bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Daneshkazemi
- Post graduate student, Department of orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan(khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Associate Professor of Operative and esthetic Dentistry Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Daneshkazemi
- Associate Professor of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry Department, Social Determinant of oral health research center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fahime Shafiee
- Post graduate student, Department of operative and esthetic dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Yao C, Yang H, Yu J, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Huang C. High Bond Durability of Universal Adhesives on Glass Ceramics Facilitated by Silane Pretreatment. Oper Dent 2018; 43:602-612. [PMID: 29570027 DOI: 10.2341/17-227-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the long-term effectiveness of ceramic–resin bonding with universal adhesives in non–silane-pretreated and silane-pretreated modes after 10,000 cycles of thermal aging.
Methods and Materials:
All Bond Universal, Adhese Universal, Clearfil Universal Bond, and Single Bond Universal were selected. Etched lithium disilicate glass ceramics were prepared, randomly assigned to groups, and pretreated with or without ceramic primer containing silane coupling agent prior to the application of universal adhesive (ie, silane-pretreated or non–silane-pretreated mode). The shear bond strength (SBS), microleakage, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy images of the ceramic–resin interfaces were examined after 24 hours of water storage or 10,000 thermal cycles. Light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were performed to analyze marginal sealing ability.
Results:
SBS and microleakage percentage were significantly affected by bonding procedure (non–silane-pretreated or silane-pretreated mode) and aging (24 hours or 10,000 thermal cycles). After the universal adhesives in the non–silane-pretreated mode were aged, SBS significantly decreased and microleakage percentage increased. By contrast, the SBS of Adhese Universal, Clearfil Universal Bond, and Single Bond Universal decreased, and the microleakage percentage of all of the adhesives increased in the silane-pretreated mode. However, after aging, the SBS of the silane-pretreated groups were higher and their microleakage percentages lower than those of the non–pretreated groups. In the non–silane-pretreated mode, adhesive failure was dominant and gaps between composite resin and the adhesive layer were significant when observed with CLSM.
Conclusions:
The simplified procedure reduced the ceramic–resin bonding effectiveness of universal adhesives after aging, and additional silane pretreatment helped improve the long-term durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yao
- Chenmin Yao, PhD student, Wuhan University, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan, China
| | - H Yang
- Hongye Yang, MDS, PhD, Wuhan University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan, China
| | - J Yu
- Jian Yu, MSD, PhD, Wuhan University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan, China
| | - L Zhang
- Lu Zhang, MSD, PhD student, Wuhan University, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Yuanjing Zhu, PhD student, Wuhan University, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan, China
| | - C Huang
- Cui Huang, MS, MDS, PhD, Wuhan University, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan, China
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Çakır NN, Demirbuga S. The effect of five different universal adhesives on the clinical success of class I restorations: 24-month clinical follow-up. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2767-2776. [PMID: 30368662 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the 24-month clinical performance of universal adhesives on the restoration success of Class I carious lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five different universal adhesives (Gluma Bond Universal (GU), Clearfil Universal (CU), Prime&Bond Elect Universal (PU), All bond Universal (AU), and Single Bond Universal (SU)) were used in the self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes in 42 patients. The study was conducted with 10 groups, with 20 restorations in each group. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and during a 24-month recall using World Dental Federation (FDI) and the US Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The changes in the parameters were analyzed using the chi-square test. RESULTS At the end of 24 months, there was no loss of restoration in any group. According to the USPHS, there was no difference in the baseline and 24-month clinical behavior of the restorations (P ˃ 0.05). However, according to the FDI, when adhesives were used in the self-etch mode, three adhesives (GU, SU, PU) showed marginal incompatibility, and one adhesive showed (GU) marginal discoloration between baseline and the 24-month follow-up evaluation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference after 24 months between etch-and-rinse and self-etch groups according to the results based on both the USPHS and FDI criteria (P ˃ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The 24-month clinical performance of the evaluated universal adhesives depends on the adhesive strategy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study helps clinicians to decide in which mode (etch-and-rinse or self-etch) universal adhesives can be safely used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazire Nurdan Çakır
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Erciyes University, 38039, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Sezer Demirbuga
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Erciyes University, 38039, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey
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Murillo-Gómez F, Wanderley RB, De Goes MF. Impact of Silane-containing Universal Adhesive on the Biaxial Flexural Strength of a Resin Cement/Glass-ceramic System. Oper Dent 2018; 44:200-209. [PMID: 30106330 DOI: 10.2341/17-356-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether using a silane-containing universal adhesive as a silane primer in glass-ceramic/resin cement systems affects biaxial flexural strength (BFS) and bonded interface integrity after loading. Glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar/Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) disc-shaped specimens (6.5±0.1mm in diameter, 0.5±0.1mm thick) were etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 20 seconds and divided into four groups of 30 specimens, to be treated as follows: 1) One bottle silane primer (RCP); 2) Separate application of silane and adhesive (RCP+SB); 3) Silane-containing universal adhesive (SBU); 4) No treatment (C). After silanization, all specimens were resin cement- coated and polymerized for 40 seconds. Each specimen layer was measured, as well as each assembly's thickness, using a digital caliper and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specimens were stored for 24 hours and submitted to a BFS test (1.27 mm/min). BFS values were calculated using the bilayer disc-specimen solution. Bonded interfaces were analyzed on fractured fragments using SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05) were applied, as well as the Weibull analysis. Factor "silane treatment" was statistically significant ( p<0.0001). RCP+SB (372.2±29.4 MPa) and RCP (364.2±29.5 MPa) produced significantly higher BFS than did the C (320.7±36.3 MPa) or SBU (338.0±27.1 MPa) groups. No differences were found in the Weibull modulus ( m: RCP: 10.1-17.3; RCP+SB: 10.1-17.0; SBU: 12.3-22.4; C: 7.4-12.9). Bonded interface analysis exhibited ceramic-cement separation (SBU, C) and voids within the resin cement layer (all groups). Neither the ceramic/cement system's BFS nor its bonded interface stability were improved by SBU after loading.
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Elkaffas AA, Hamama HHH, Mahmoud SH. Do universal adhesives promote bonding to dentin? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Restor Dent Endod 2018; 43:e29. [PMID: 30135848 PMCID: PMC6103541 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2018.43.e29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aims of this study were to conduct a systematic review of the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of multi-mode adhesives to dentin and to perform a meta-analysis to assess the significance of differences in the µTBS of one of the most commonly used universal adhesives (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) depending on whether the etch-and-rinse or self-etch mode was used. Materials and Methods An electronic search was performed of MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost. Laboratory studies that evaluated the µTBS of multi-mode adhesives to dentin using either the etch-and-rinse or self-etch mode were selected. A meta-analysis was conducted of the reviewed studies to quantify the differences in the µTBS of Scotchbond Universal adhesive. Results Only 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Extensive variation was found in the restorative materials, testing methodologies, and failure mode in the reviewed articles. Furthermore, variation was also observed in the dimensions of the microtensile testing beams. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes for Scotchbond Universal adhesive (p > 0.05). Conclusions Multi-mode ‘universal’ adhesives can achieve substantial bonding to dentin, regardless of the used modes (either etch-and-rinse or self-etch).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Elkaffas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hamdi H H Hamama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Operative Dentistry Discipline, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Salah H Mahmoud
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Pucci CR, Gu LS, Zhang HY, Song Q, Xia VW, Davis LB, de Souza Andrade D, Mazzoni A, Breschi L, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Niu LN. Water-associated attributes in the contemporary dentin bonding milieu. J Dent 2018; 74:79-89. [PMID: 29702152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The water-associated attributes of resin-dentin interfaces created by contemporary adhesives are important determinants of bond integrity and stability. In the present work, these attributes were estimated from the perspectives of causality, to examine the behavior of the first and most-recently launched versions of universal adhesives when applied in either the etch-and-rinse mode or the self-etch mode. METHODS The immediate cause of interfacial permeability and the time-dependent cause of water sorption were investigated in conjunction with the intermediate effect of interface degradation and the more long-term effect of loss of mechanical strength, before and after thermomechanical cycling. The results were compared with control etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives. RESULTS Although the introduction of this new class of universal adhesives has brought forth significant changes to the dental adhesion arena, including more application options, reduced bonding armamentarium and increased user friendliness, the water-associated attributes that are critical for making resin-dentin bonds more durable to environmental challenges and less susceptible to degradation have remained unchanged at large, when compared with benchmarks established by former classes of adhesives. CONCLUSION It appears that the current trend of adhesive development has brought forth significant changes but lacks the vigor that demarcates progress and technological sublimity. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The advent of the user friendly universal adhesives has brought forth significant changes to the dental adhesion arena. However, the elements that are critical for making resin-dentin bonds more durable to environmental challenges and less susceptible to degradation have remained unchanged at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar R Pucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University UNESP São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Li-Sha Gu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Veronica Wang Xia
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Linsey B Davis
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Danilo de Souza Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University UNESP São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Annalisa Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Franklin R Tay
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Hena, China.
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Ruschel VC, Shibata S, Stolf SC, Chung Y, Baratieri LN, Heymann HO, Walter R. Eighteen-month Clinical Study of Universal Adhesives in Noncarious Cervical Lesions. Oper Dent 2018; 43:241-249. [PMID: 29676975 DOI: 10.2341/16-320-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical performance of Scotchbond Universal (3M Oral Care) and Prime & Bond Elect (Dentsply Sirona) in the restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs). METHODS AND MATERIALS This was a randomized controlled clinical trial involving 63 subjects. Two hundred and three NCCLs were restored using Scotchbond Universal and Prime & Bond Elect using both an etch-and-rinse and a self-etch technique. Lesions were notch-shaped NCCLs, and the restorations were placed without any mechanical retention. Restorations were finished immediately after placement and scored with regard to retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries. Similar assessment of the restorations was performed 18 months after placement. Logistic regression was performed for each outcome separately with a compound symmetric variance-covariance structure assumed to consider a correlation of restorations within subjects. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Inc). RESULTS One hundred and fifty-eight teeth (77.8% of the restorations placed) in 46 subjects (73% of subjects enrolled) were available for the 18-month follow-up. A statistically significant difference was reached only for the comparison Scotchbond Universal/self-etch (SU_SE) and Prime & Bond Elect/etch-and-rinse (PBE_E&R) groups ( p=0.01), where a restoration with SU_SE was 66% less likely to maintain a score of Alpha for marginal discoloration than a restoration performed with PBE_E&R. CONCLUSIONS Scotchbond Universal and Prime & Bond Elect presented acceptable clinical performance after 18 months of clinical service. However, Scotchbond Universal, when applied with a self-etch approach, did demonstrate a relatively high level of marginal discoloration when compared to the other groups.
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Kaczor K, Gerula-Szymańska A, Smektała T, Safranow K, Lewusz K, Nowicka A. Effects of different etching modes on the nanoleakage of universal adhesives: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2018; 30:287-298. [PMID: 29573132 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate how etching modes affect the nanoleakage of universal adhesive from in vitro studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct electronic databases were searched for in vitro studies that evaluated the nanoleakage of universal adhesives. A total of 511 (after duplicate removal) potentially relevant records were identified in the literature search. The titles and abstracts of the retrieved studies were screened by two independent researchers according to the main concept. Subsequently, the full text of potentially relevant studies was screened using the exclusion criteria. Thirteen studies were subjected to qualitative analysis, and 5 of them were selected for a detailed meta-analysis. RESULTS Seven universal adhesives were evaluated in this review. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the etch-and-rinse technique significantly reduced the nanoleakage of the Peak Universal and G-Bond Plus adhesives, whereas the self-etch mode reduced the nanoleakage of All-Bond Universal. In comparison, the etching technique did not significantly alter the nanoleakage of either Prime&Bond Elect or Scotchbond Universal which was characterized by the smallest nanoleakage. CONCLUSIONS Etching modes significantly, in various ways, influence the nanoleakage of universal adhesives. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Contrary to the drive to simplify bonding technologies, an appreciation of their adhesive components and how these perform according to bonding technique could yield a knowledge-based practical approach that ultimately improves the longevity of direct composite restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kaczor
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Smektała
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lewusz
- The University Dental Clinic of Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alicja Nowicka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
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Follak AC, Miotti LL, Lenzi TL, Rocha RO, Soares FZM. Degradation of Multimode Adhesive System Bond Strength to Artificial Caries-Affected Dentin Due to Water Storage. Oper Dent 2018; 43:E92-E101. [DOI: 10.2341/17-129-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of water storage on bond strength of multimode adhesive systems to artificially induced caries-affected dentin. One hundred twelve sound bovine incisors were randomly assigned to 16 groups (n=7) according to the dentin condition (sound; SND, artificially induced caries-affected dentin; CAD, cariogenic challenge by pH cycling for 14 days); the adhesive system (SU, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive; AB, All-Bond Universal; PB, Prime & Bond Elect; SB, Adper Single Bond 2; and CS, Clearfil SE Bond), and the etching strategy (etch-and-rinse and self-etch). All adhesive systems were applied under manufacturer's instructions to flat dentin surfaces, and a composite block was built up on each dentin surface. After 24 hours of water storage, the specimens were sectioned into stick-shaped specimens (0.8 mm2) and submitted to a microtensile test immediately (24 hours) or after six months of water storage. Bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed using three-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test (α=5%), considering each substrate separately (SND and CAD). The etching strategy did not influence the bond strength of multimode adhesives, irrespective of the dentin condition. Water storage only reduced significantly the bond strength to CAD. The degradation of bond strength due to water storage was more pronounced in CAD, regardless of the etching strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- AC Follak
- Andressa Cargnelutti Follak, DDS, MS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Marechal Floriano Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - LL Miotti
- Leonardo Lamberti Miotti, DDS, MS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Marechal Floriano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - TL Lenzi
- Tathiane Larissa Lenzi, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Marechal Floriano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - RO Rocha
- Rachel de Oliveira Rocha, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Marechal Floriano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - FZM Soares
- Fabio Zovico Maxnuck Soares, DDS, MS, PhD, adjunct professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marechal Floriano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Lezaja Zebic M, Dzeletovic B, Miletic V. Microtensile bond strength of universal adhesives to flat versus Class I cavity dentin with pulpal pressure simulation. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2018; 30:240-248. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Lezaja Zebic
- DentalNet Research Group, School of Dental Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Bojan Dzeletovic
- DentalNet Research Group, School of Dental Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Vesna Miletic
- DentalNet Research Group, School of Dental Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
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Follak AC, Miotti LL, Lenzi TL, Rocha RDO, Maxnuck Soares FZ. The impact of artificially caries-affected dentin on bond strength of multi-mode adhesives. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:136-141. [PMID: 29674813 PMCID: PMC5890401 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_234_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of dentin condition on bond strength of multi-mode adhesive systems (MMAS) to sound and artificially induced caries-affected dentin (CAD). Methods: Flat dentin surfaces of 112 bovine incisors were assigned to 16 subgroups (n = 7) according to the substrate condition (sound and CAD– pH-cycling for 14 days); adhesive systems (Scotchbond Universal, All-Bond Universal, Prime and Bond Elect, Adper Single Bond Plus and Clearfil SE Bond) and etching strategy (etch-and-rinse and self-etch). All systems were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions, and resin composite restorations were built. After 24 h of water storage, specimens were sectioned (0.8 mm2) and submitted to the microtensile test. Statistical Analysis: Data (MPa) were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results: MMAS presented similar bond strength values, regardless etching strategy in each substrate condition. Bond strength values were lower when MMAS were applied to CAD in the etch-and-rinse strategy. Conclusion: The etching strategy did not influence the bond strength of MMAS to sound or CAD, considering each substrate separately. However, CAD impact negatively on bond strength of MMAS in etch-and rinse mode.
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Comparative bonding ability to dentin of a universal adhesive system and monomer conversion as functions of extended light curing times and storage. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 75:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Freitas SAAD, Lanza MDS, Carneiro KK, Loguercio AD, Bauer J. Evaluation of degree of conversion, microtensile bond strength and mechanical properties of three etch-and-rinse dental adhesives. POLIMEROS 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José Bauer
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Brazil
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