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Manziuc M, Kui A, Chisnoiu A, Labuneț A, Negucioiu M, Ispas A, Buduru S. Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic in Digital Dentistry: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Our Current Understanding. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2135. [PMID: 38138238 PMCID: PMC10744576 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramic is a new innovative dental material with unique a chemical composition that is designed to combine harmoniously with the appropriate optical properties of lithium disilicate and the enhanced mechanical strength of zirconia. A thorough understanding of ZLS materials is essential for both clinicians and dental technicians. At present, the mechanical behavior and optical properties of the ZLS ceramic system have not been extensively researched, and there is still a lack of consensus regarding the fabrication process and clinical behavior of ZLS all-ceramic restorations. The aim of the present study was to present a selection of comprehensive information concerning zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics and their optical and mechanical properties, as well as to assess data regarding cementation procedures and clinical outcomes for ZLS all-ceramic restorations. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) were used for the research by two independent reviewers. The search was limited to articles published in the English language, as well as clinical and in vitro studies of color and studies on mechanical behavior and the cementation procedures of ZLS restorations. The exclusion criteria comprised abstracts, questionnaire-based studies, case reports, literature reviews, and studies that were not available in English. Zirconia-reinforced lithium-silicate-based ceramic presents a unique and complex microstructure that increases mechanical resistance but decreases aesthetic appearance, especially its translucency, due to tetragonal zirconia content. A material's thickness, the color of the underlying tooth structure, and the resin cement shade are important factors that influence the final shade and aesthetic appearance of ZLS restorations. Mechanical properties, which are defined by the fracture toughness, flexural strength, elastic modulus, and hardness of ZLS ceramic are higher compared to feldspathic, lithium disilicate, and hybrid ceramics, as well as resin nanoceramics; however, they are lower than translucent or high-translucency zirconia. Acid etching, sandblasting, and laser etching represent the most used methods to prepare the ZLS restoration surfaces for proper bonding procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreea Kui
- Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (S.B.)
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Calheiros-Lobo MJ, Vieira T, Carbas R, da Silva LFM, Pinho T. Effectiveness of Self-Adhesive Resin Luting Cement in CAD-CAM Blocks-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2996. [PMID: 37109832 PMCID: PMC10140979 DOI: 10.3390/ma16082996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) are used because of their mechanical properties, ease of cementation protocols, and lack of requirements for acid conditioning or adhesive systems. SARCs are generally dual-cured, photoactivated, and self-cured, with a slight increase in acidic pH, allowing self-adhesiveness and increasing resistance to hydrolysis. This systematic review assessed the adhesive strength of SARC systems luted to different substrates and computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic blocks. The PubMed/MedLine and Science Direct databases were searched using the Boolean formula [((dental or tooth) AND (self-adhesive) AND (luting or cement) AND CAD-CAM) NOT (endodontics or implants)]. Of the 199 articles obtained, 31 were selected for the quality assessment. Lava Ultimate (resin matrix filled with nanoceramic) and Vita Enamic (polymer-infiltrated ceramic) blocks were the most tested. Rely X Unicem 2 was the most tested resin cement, followed by Rely X Unicem > Ultimate > U200, and μTBS was the test most used. The meta-analysis confirmed the substrate-dependent adhesive strength of SARCs, with significant differences between them and between SARCs and conventional resin-based adhesive cement (α < 0.05). SARCs are promising. However, one must be aware of the differences in the adhesive strengths. An appropriate combination of materials must be considered to improve the durability and stability of restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Calheiros-Lobo
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Conservative Dentistry, Department of Dental Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Vieira
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Carbas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucas F. M. da Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinho
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- IBMC—Instituto Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3S—Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Institute of Innovation and Investigation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Biomechanical properties of different endocrown designs on endodontically treated teeth. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105691. [PMID: 36739827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the biomechanical properties of different endocrown designs on endodontically treated teeth with an extensive defect in the mesial wall using a three-dimensional finite element method (3D FEM). METHODS Four finite element analysis models were designed and built up based on different endocrown configurations in a mandibular molar. One model was designed as a butt joint preparation with 2 mm occlusal thickness(control), the other three models were butt joint designs with different distances between the bottom of the mesial wall preparation and the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ): 2 mm, 1 mm and 0 mm respectively. A vertical load parallel with the longitudinal axis of the tooth and an oblique load with a 45°angle to the longitudinal axis were applied to the occlusal surfaces. The maximum Von Misses (VM) stresses and stress distribution patterns were calculated and compared. Weibull risk-of-rupture analysis was used to analyze the survival probability of the restorations and tooth in the different models. RESULTS For the restoration, the model with a mesial wall destruction at the level of CEJ showed much higher risk of failure than other models. Overall, none of the four models showed failure. Under oblique loading, VM stress in the cement layer of the models with a mesial wall defect was higher than in the control model. In the dentin, the highest VM stresses were found in the peri-cervical dentin. Under the oblique loading, the model with the mesial wall destruction at the level of CEJ restored by endocrown showed the highest risk of failure. CONCLUSION Under the oblique loading, with the increase of the simulated defect in the mesial wall, the peak VM stress values in the cement layer increased accordingly. In the model with a mesial wall defect up to the level of CEJ risk of failure was highest in the cervical dentin.
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Turkyilmaz I, Benli M, Yun S. Evaluation of marginal and internal fit of lithium disilicate and zirconia all-ceramic CAD-CAM crowns using digital impressions: A systematic review. Prim Dent J 2023; 12:88-95. [PMID: 36916623 DOI: 10.1177/20501684231154323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A range of materials for single-tooth computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations have been introduced that may affect CAM accuracy. This study aimed to review articles evaluating marginal and internal fit of lithium disilicate (LD) and zirconia (Z) crowns fabricated by CAD-CAM systems using intraoral optical scanners (IOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Under the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA), a systematic review was performed along with an electronic article search in the Medline/Pubmed database. The articles were limited to those in the English language that were published within the past ten years. RESULTS The initial search resulted in 50 articles and of those, a total of 18 articles were selected for full-text review following abstract evaluation. Eight articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded and the remaining ten articles, which provided internal and marginal gap values, were used in this review. For LD crowns, marginal gap values ranged between 45µm and 190.2µm. For Z crowns, the values varied between 39µm and 126.4µm. For LD crowns, the internal gap values were between 57.8µm and 475.4µm, and for Z crowns, the values were between 79µm and 205.8µm. CONCLUSION The outcome of this review suggests that clinically acceptable marginal and internal fit can be attained with LD and Z all-ceramic CAD-CAM crowns using digital impressions. Additionally, it has been found that LD and Z ceramics provide similar marginal gap values, but LD material provides better internal fit than Z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilser Turkyilmaz
- Ilser Turkyilmaz Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA.,Merve Benli, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sarah Yun New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
| | - Merve Benli
- Ilser Turkyilmaz Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA.,Merve Benli, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sarah Yun New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
| | - Sarah Yun
- Ilser Turkyilmaz Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA.,Merve Benli, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sarah Yun New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
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Soliman M, Alzahrani G, Alabdualataif F, Eldwakhly E, Alsamady S, Aldegheishem A, Abdelhafeez MM. Impact of Ceramic Material and Preparation Design on Marginal Fit of Endocrown Restorations. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5592. [PMID: 36013732 PMCID: PMC9414256 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of ceramic material and preparation design on the marginal fit of endocrown restorations. Methods: Forty endocrown restorations were CAD/CAM-fabricated for forty extracted maxillary first premolar teeth. Samples were divided into two groups (n = 20) according to the ceramic materials used: Celtra Duo and Vita Enamic. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 10) according to the preparation design: with no intraradicular extension and with 3 mm intraradicular extension. The marginal gap was examined using a digital microscope. Results: Celtra Duo without intraradicular extension recorded the least mean marginal gap (7.74 ± 1.55 µm), while Group Celtra Duo with 3 mm intraradicular extension recorded the highest mean marginal gap (29.54 ± 6.32 µm). Group Vita Enamic recorded a lesser marginal gap (18.03 ± 12.11 µm) than group CD (Celtra Duo) (18.64 ± 12.05 µm). There is a statistically non-significant difference between the two groups of materials (p = 0.873). There is a statistically significant difference between the two tested preparation designs (p < 0.001). Conclusion: All groups recorded a marginal gap within clinically accepted values. Material selection may influence the fitting of restorations. Intraradicular extension for endocrown restorations adversely affects the marginal fit, however, the marginal gap is still within the clinically accepted range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Soliman
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia or
| | - Ghadeer Alzahrani
- General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Foton Alabdualataif
- General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elzahraa Eldwakhly
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia or
| | - Sahar Alsamady
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia or
| | - Alhanoof Aldegheishem
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia or
| | - Manal M. Abdelhafeez
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6688, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza 12451, Egypt
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Does adhesive luting promote improved fatigue performance of lithium disilicate simplified crowns? J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 134:105373. [PMID: 35868064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the influence of adhesive luting on the fatigue mechanical properties of simplified lithium disilicate crowns luted to dentin analogues preparations, and to compare two different approaches of simulation of a non-adhesive luting procedure. To this end, 30 prosthetic preparations of glass fiber-filled epoxy resin used as dentin analogues were milled and lithium disilicate crowns were pressed (1.5 mm thickness), which were allocated into three different groups: resin cement (RC), resin cement isolated by paraffin oil (RCI) and zinc phosphate cement (ZP). For luting procedures, the ceramic crowns of the RC and RCI groups had their internal surface treated with 5% hydrofluoric acid and universal primer. Afterwards, a thin layer of paraffin oil was applied onto the ceramic crown intaglio surface in the RCI group. The dentin analogues were treated with 10% hydrofluoric acid, followed by primer application and luting as recommended by the manufacturer. No previous surface treatments were performed for the ZP group, and the cement was applied as recommended. The fatigue test was run under cyclic fatigue (load 400-2000 N, step-size 100 N, 15,000 cycles/step, frequency 20 Hz) until failure detection (radial crack) by transillumination. The fatigue failure load (FFL), number of cycles until failure (CFF), and survival rate in each testing step were recorded. The RC group presented a higher FFL, CFF and survival rate compared to the other groups (p < 0.001), which were statistically equal to each other (p > 0.05). Weibull analysis detected no difference between groups for the Weibull module. Therefore, loss of adhesion between the evaluated substrates induces a significant reduction in load-bearing capacity under fatigue of the lithium disilicate crowns, strengthening the strong-importance of long-lasting adhesion for crown's survival. In addition, different methods for the simulation of non-adhesive conditions induce the same performance in the explored outcomes, confirming that both are valid approaches for laboratory studies.
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Martins JD, Moura DMD, Lima CM, de Carvalho RLA, Leite FPP, Souza ROA. Surface Treatment and Cementation of Lithium Silicate Ceramics Containing ZrO2. Oper Dent 2022; 47:202-213. [DOI: 10.2341/20-156-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective
To evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) of lithium silicate (LS) and lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics, after thermocycling.
Methods and Materials
For SBS test, 72 ceramic blocks (18×14×2 mm) were made (24 blocks from each ceramic material): VITA Suprinity (LSS), Celtra Duo (LSC), and Lithium disilicate (LD). The blocks were polished with sandpaper of increasing grit (#280, #400, #800, and #1200) and embedded in chemically activated acrylic resin. Afterwards, they were randomly divided into 12 groups (6 blocks per group) according to: “Ceramic” (LD, LSC, and LSS) and “Surface treatment” (HFS: hydrofluoric acid + silane; MEP: Monobond Etch & Prime/Ivoclar). From each treated surface ceramic block, four dual-curing resin cement cylinders (RelyX U200, 3M Oral Care) were prepared using a Tygon tube (Ø=3 mm and h=2 mm) and light cured for 40 seconds (1000 mW/cm2) (N=288/n=24). All specimens were submitted to thermocycling (10,000 cycles, 5°C and 55°C, 30 seconds) and then to SBS test at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min using a 50-kgf load cell. Forty-five additional blocks were made for roughness and SEM analysis. Failure mode was also performed. The data (MPa) were statistically analyzed by oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey test (5%), and Weibull analysis. The Ra was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn Test (5%). The other variables were analyzed qualitatively.
Results
ANOVA revealed that “surface treatment” was significant for all ceramic materials (p<0.05). The LD-HFS (18.66±3.49), LSC-HFS (16.81±2.62), and LSS-HFS (16.33±3.08) groups had significantly higher SBS than the LD-MEP (7.00±4.2), LSC-MEP (14.12±3.51), and LSS-MEP (13.87±2.52) groups. Complete adhesive failures at the cement– dentin interface were more frequent. Weibull modulus was superior for the LD-HFS (6.22), LSC-HFS (8.8), and LSS-HFS (7.4) groups.
Conclusion
HF followed by silanization is the most suitable surface treatment for the cementation of LS and LD glass ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- JD Martins
- Jordana Dias Martins, DDS, MSc, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - DMD Moura
- Dayanne Monielle Duarte Moura, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, Department of Dentistry, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Caicó/RN, Brazil
| | - CM Lima
- Camila Moreira Lima, DDS, MSc, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - RLA de Carvalho
- Ronaldo Luís Almeida de Carvalho, MSc, PhD, professor, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário Braz Cubas, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - FPP Leite
- Fabíola Pessôa Pereira Leite, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - ROA Souza
- *Rodrigo Othávio Assunção e Souza, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, Health Science Center, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Lagoa Nova, Natal, Brazil
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Lan TH, Chen PH, Fok ASL, Chen YF. Contact fracture test of monolithic hybrid ceramics on different substrates for bruxism. Dent Mater 2021; 38:44-56. [PMID: 34785045 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the minimum thickness required for a monolithic hybrid ceramic crown on different substrates (soft vs stiff) used in posterior dentition for bruxism. METHODS 80 polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks Vita Enamic (PICN VE) disc specimens with four different occlusal thicknesses (0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 mm), were produced using a computer-aided design/manufacturing system, and cemented on a stiff (zirconia) or soft (polyamide) substrate of 4-mm thickness. The ten specimens, in soft or stiff groups, were subjected to compressive loading by a MTS machine until fracture or maximum load (4500 N) was reached. The unbroken specimens were examined using optical coherence tomography. Eight axisymmetric finite element models and eight 3D models comprising the four different occlusal thicknesses and two substrates under different vertical loads and sliding movements were constructed. The maximum principal stress was selected to evaluate the stress distribution in this study. RESULTS The fracture resistance of the specimens was significantly different between the two substrates (P < 0.001). Fracture resistance was positively associated with specimen thickness (r = 0.597 and 0.896 for the soft and stiff substrate respectively). Specimens on the soft substrate had lower fracture loads, whilst cone cracks were observed in unbroken samples on different soft/stiff substrate prior to final fracture. The finite element analysis confirmed that samples on the stiff substrate had lower maximum principal stress values than those on the soft substrate. For the maximum principal stress not to exceed the flexural strength of PICN VE, a stiff substrate and minimum thickness of 2.0 mm are required for the prostheses. SIGNIFICANCE A minimum 2.0 mm thick, stiff substrate was needed for bruxism as shown by the effect of high/large chewing force on the posterior dentition of monolithic PICN VE crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsun Lan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan, ROC; School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Alex Siu Lun Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Division of Oral Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan, ROC.
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Sadeqi HA, Baig MR, Al-Shammari M. Evaluation of Marginal/Internal Fit and Fracture Load of Monolithic Zirconia and Zirconia Lithium Silicate (ZLS) CAD/CAM Crown Systems. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216346. [PMID: 34771872 PMCID: PMC8585271 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fit accuracy and fracture strength of milled monolithic zirconia (Zi) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) crowns are important parameters determining the success of these restorations. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the marginal and internal fit of monolithic Zi and ZLS crowns, along with the fracture load, with and without mechanical aging. Thirty-two stone dies acquired from a customized master metal molar die were scanned, and ceramic crowns (16 Zi Ceramill Zolid HT+ and 16 ZLS Vita Suprinity) were designed and milled. Absolute marginal discrepancies (AMD), marginal gaps (MG), and internal gaps (IG) of the crowns, in relation to the master metal die, were evaluated using x-ray nanotomography (n = 16). Next, thirty-two metal dies were fabricated based on the master metal die, and crowns (16 Zi; 16 ZLS) cemented and divided into four groups of eight each; eight Zi with mechanical aging (MA), eight Zi without mechanical aging (WMA), eight ZLS (MA), and eight ZLS (WMA). Two groups of crowns (Zi-MA; ZLS-MA) were subjected to 500,000 mechanical cycles (200 ± 50 N, 10 Hz) followed by axial compressive strength testing of all crowns, until failure, and the values were recorded. Independent sample t tests (α = 0.05) revealed no significant differences between Zi and ZLS crowns (p > 0.05); for both internal and marginal gaps, however, there were significant differences in AMD (p < 0.005). Independent samples Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests revealed significant differences between the two materials, Zi and ZLS, regardless of fatigue loading, and for the individual material groups based on aging (α = 0.05). Multiple comparisons using Bonferroni post-hoc analysis showed significant differences between Zi and ZLS material groups, with or without aging. Within the limitations of this study, the ZLS crown fit was found to be on par with Zi, except for the AMD parameter. As regards fracture resistance, both materials survived the normal range of masticatory forces, but the Zi crowns demonstrated greater resistance to fracture. The monolithic Zi and ZLS crowns seem suitable for clinical application, based on the fit and fracture strength values obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen A. Sadeqi
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923,
Safat 13110, Kuwait; (H.A.S.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Mirza Rustum Baig
- Department of Restorative Sciences (Prosthodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923,
Safat 13110, Kuwait
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Al-Shammari
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923,
Safat 13110, Kuwait; (H.A.S.); (M.A.-S.)
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Optical behaviors, surface treatment, adhesion, and clinical indications of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS): A narrative review. J Dent 2021; 112:103722. [PMID: 34118284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present narrative review was focused on the optical properties, surface treatment, adhesion, and clinical indications of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics (ZLS) for Computer-aided design / Computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies. DATA/SOURCES A literature search was performed by 3 calibrated independent researchers on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, Dynamed, and Open Grey. The criteria for inclusion were: 1) papers addressing at least one of the following variables about ZLS: optical properties, surface treatment, adhesion, and clinical indications; 2) in vitro, in silico, or in vivo studies; 3) case reports; 4) systematic reviews. The exclusion criteria were: 1) animal studies; 2) non-dental studies; 3) studies only focusing on ZLS used in the heat-pressed process. STUDY SELECTION 98 records among in vitro studies and case reports were included. CONCLUSIONS Despite the promising microstructure characteristics of ZLS, increased translucency compared to lithium disilicate ceramics (LS2) was not proven, but acceptable color changes and stability were reported. Mechanical polishing was the most effective method to reduce surface roughness. Moreover, machinability and handling of ZLS resulted harder than LS2. Conventional acid etching procedures seemed effective in conditioning ZLS surface, but no protocol has been established yet. Besides, silane-coupling and dual-curing resin cements were recommended. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE ZLSs can be used for anterior and posterior fixed single-unit CAD/CAM restorations onto both natural teeth and implants, but do not seem to represent a viable treatment option for endocrowns onto posterior teeth or fixed dental prostheses.
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Zarone F, Ruggiero G, Leone R, Breschi L, Leuci S, Sorrentino R. Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) mechanical and biological properties: A literature review. J Dent 2021; 109:103661. [PMID: 33864886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper aimed to provide a literature review of the mechanical and biological properties of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics (ZLS) in Computer-aided design / Computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems. DATA/SOURCES An extensive search of the literature for papers related to ZLS was made on the databases of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, Dynamed, and Open Grey. The papers were selected by 3 independent calibrated reviewers. STUDY SELECTION The search strategy produced 937 records. After the removal of duplicates and the exclusion of papers that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 71 papers were included. CONCLUSIONS After reviewing the included records, it was found that two types of ZLS (Vita Suprinity PC; Vita Zahnfabrik and Celtra Duo; Dentsply Sirona) are nowadays available on the market for CAD/CAM systems, similar in their chemical composition, microstructure, and biological-mechanical properties. ZLS is reported to be a biocompatible material, whose fracture resistance can withstand physiological chewing loads. The firing process influences the improvements of strength and fatigue failure load, with a volumetric shrinkage. To date, ZLS can be considered a viable alternative to other glass-ceramics for fixed single restorations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE . As to biocompatibility and mechanical properties of ZLS, data are still scarce, often controversial and limited to short-term observational periods. These promising ceramics require further in vitro/in vivo studies to accurately define mechanical and biological properties, mainly in the long-term performance of restorations produced with such materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Zarone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University "Federico II" of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University "Federico II" of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Renato Leone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University "Federico II" of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, Via San Vitale 59, 40125, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefania Leuci
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Oral Medicine Unit, School of Medicine, University "Federico II" of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Roberto Sorrentino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University "Federico II" of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Mikeli A, Walter MH, Rau SA, Raedel M, Raedel M. Three-year clinical performance of posterior monolithic zirconia single crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:1252-1257. [PMID: 33865558 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Monolithic zirconia has become widely used for single crowns, with the advantages of minimal tooth reduction and good esthetics. However, clinical studies evaluating the performance of and patient satisfaction with posterior monolithic zirconia crowns are sparse. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the clinical performance of and patient satisfaction with posterior monolithic zirconia crowns. MATERIAL AND METHODS Within a prospective cohort study design, participants were recruited from a university dental clinic if they required 1 posterior monolithic zirconia crown. The clinical performance was evaluated at follow-up appointments 1, 2, and 3 years after insertion. Bleeding on probing and pocket probing depths for the crowned teeth were recorded. Overall patient satisfaction was measured by using a visual analog scale (VAS), and quality of life was measured by using the validated German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-G14). Descriptive statistical methods were applied. Mean values were calculated and compared by using the paired t test (α=.05). RESULTS Thirty participants received a monolithic zirconia crown (14 premolars, 16 molars). One biologic complication (vertical root fracture) was identified at the 1-year follow-up. Three years after insertion, 22 participants could be examined, and the crowns were still in function. The gingival and the periodontal status of the crowned teeth had not changed significantly over the 3 years. After insertion, a significant improvement in patient satisfaction was measured up to 3 years CONCLUSIONS: Posterior monolithic zirconia crowns led to enhanced patient satisfaction up to 3 years after insertion. They provided good middle-term success and offered a promising alternative to conventional metal-ceramic crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Mikeli
- Research fellow, Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael H Walter
- Professor and Chair, Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie Anke Rau
- Research fellow, Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Raedel
- Research fellow, Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Raedel
- Senior Lecturer and Research Group Leader, Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Al-Haj Husain N, Dürr T, Özcan M, Brägger U, Joda T. Mechanical stability of dental CAD-CAM restoration materials made of monolithic zirconia, lithium disilicate, and lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic with and without fatigue conditions. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:73-78. [PMID: 33546860 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Studies investigating the mechanical stability of lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic that do not require sintering after milling compared with other computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the flexural strength of CAD-CAM zirconia, lithium disilicate, and lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramics with and without fatigue conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specimens (N=90, n=15) (12×4×3 mm) from the following CAD-CAM materials were prepared and polished: lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD); lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic (N!ce); and zirconium dioxide ceramic (IPS e.max ZirCAD). All specimens were divided into 2 subgroups: immediate testing without aging and simulation of aging by using a mastication simulator for 1 200 000 cycles (5 °C-55 °C). Thereafter, flexural strength testing was performed by using a universal testing machine (1 mm/min) on nonaged and aged specimens. The data were evaluated by using nonparametric 2-way ANOVA and Wilcoxon rank post hoc tests (α=.05). RESULTS Both the material type and aging significantly affected the results (P<.001). The interaction was not significant (P>.05). Under nonaged conditions, zirconium dioxide ceramic (1136 ±162 MPa) showed significantly higher mean ±standard deviation flexural strength (P<.001) than lithium disilicate (304 ±34 MPa) and lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic (202 ±17 MPa). The glass ceramic groups were also significantly different from each other (P<.001). After aging, zirconium dioxide (1087.9 ±185.3 MPa) also presented significantly higher mean ±standard deviation flexural strength (P<.001) than lithium disilicate (259 ±62 MPa) and lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic (172 ±11 MPa) (P<.001). Aging significantly decreased the flexural strength of lithium disilicate (14.6%) (P=.03) and lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic (14.5%) (P=.01) but had minimal effect on the zirconium dioxide ceramic (4.3%) (P=.29). CONCLUSIONS Among the tested CAD-CAM materials, the mechanical performance of lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic was comparable with that of lithium disilicate and considerably lower than that of zirconia. Aging decreased the flexural strength of both lithium disilicate and lithium disilicate-strengthened aluminosilicate glass ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Specialization Candidate, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Tobias Dürr
- Master student, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Professor and Head, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Brägger
- Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tim Joda
- Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Yeğin E, Atala MH. Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured implant-supported crowns with different analyses. Int J Implant Dent 2020; 6:69. [PMID: 33106916 PMCID: PMC7588579 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Present study compared the failure load of CAD/CAM-manufactured implant-supported crowns and the stress distribution on the prosthesis-implant-bone complex with different restoration techniques. Methods The materials were divided into four groups: group L-M: lithium disilicate ceramic (LDS, monolithic), group L-V: LDS ceramic (veneering), group ZL-M: zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS, monolithic), group ZL-V: ZLS ceramic (veneering). Crown restorations were subjected to load-to-failure test (0.5 mm/min). Failure loads of each group were statistically analyzed (two-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to compare the stress distribution of crown restorations. Results Group L-M had the highest failure load (2891.88 ± 410.12 N) with a significant difference from other groups (p < 0.05). Although there was a significant difference between group ZL-M (1750.28 ± 314.96 N) and ZL-V (2202.55 ± 503.14 N), there was no significant difference from group L-V in both groups (2077.37 ± 356.59 N) (p > 0.05). Conclusions The veneer application had opposite effects on ceramics, increased the failure load of ZLS and reduced it for LDS without a statistically significant difference. Both materials are suitable for implant-supported crowns. Different restorative materials did not influence the stress distribution, but monolithic restorations reduced the stress concentration on the implant and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yeğin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Hayati Atala
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zacher J, Bauer R, Hanie Krifka S, Rosentritt M. In vitro performance and fracture resistance of pressed or CAD/CAM milled ceramic implant-supported screw-retained or cemented anterior FDPs. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:208-212. [PMID: 32938865 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2019_403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the in-vitro performance of anterior implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDP). The effect of ceramics, fabrication, finalization and the presence of a screw-channel wa s investigated. METHODS Identical anterior ceramic FDPs (tooth 11-13; n=80) were milled (Lithiumdisilicate (LiSiCAD, emaxCAD, Ivoclar-Vivadent), Lithiumaluminiumsilicate (LiAlSi, experimental material) or pressed (Lithiumdisilicate (LiSiPress, emaxPress, Ivoclar-Vivadent), Lithiumsilicate (ZLS, CeltraPress, Dentsply Sirona). FDP-groups (n=8 per material and group) simulated a cemented or screw-retained approach. After cementation or screwing on titanium abutments, thermal cycling and mechanical loading (TCML) was performed on all restorations to mimic 5-year clinical performance. Performance and fracture force were determined and failures were analyzed. STATISTICS (Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test, one-way-ANOVA; post-hoc-Bonferroni, multivariate-regression, α=0.05). RESULTS All FDPs survived TCML without aging, cracks, fractures or chipping. For FDPs without screw channel fracture values varied between with 839.8±112.3N (LiAlSi glazed) and 1485.9±232.6N (LiSiCAD). With screw channel, fracture results varied between 701.4±220.1N (LiALSi glazed) and 1516.3±253.7N (LiSipress). The type of material had a significant influence on the fracture results (LiSi>ZLS>LiAlSi; p≤0.012). Fabrication and finalization had no influence on the results. A screw channel did not significantly (p≥0.135) reduce the fracture force of the FDPs. Type of failure was mostly characterized by a fracture of the connector (LiSi, LiAlSi) or the abutment (ZLS, LiAlSi). CONCLUSIONS FDPs survived TCML without failures indicating that the in vitro performance was not influenced by the tested parameters. Composition of ceramic material has significant influence on the fracture resistance of implant supported LiSi based FDPs. Screw channel, fabrication or finalization did not weaken the FDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Zacher
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg
| | - Robert Bauer
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg
| | - Step Hanie Krifka
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg
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Itthipongsatorn N, Srisawasdi S. Dentin microshear bond strength of various resin luting agents to zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 124:237.e1-237.e7. [PMID: 32299625 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The performance of adhesive and resin luting cements used to bond zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramics to dentin has not been well established. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of an etch-and-rinse adhesive system, a universal adhesive, and a self-adhesive resin cement that were used to bond ZLS to dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS VITA Suprinity (VS) and Celtra Duo (CD) blocks were sectioned into 36 and 72 microbars (1×1×3 mm). All VS were crystallized, while half of CD were additionally fired and defined as fired-Celtra Duo (FCD). The others were defined as unfired-Celtra Duo (UCD). Each microbar was cemented to each flat occlusal dentin surface of a human first premolar, following the adhesive luting systems: Scotchbond Multi-purpose (SM), Single Bond Universal (SU) combined with RelyX Ultimate, and RelyX Unicem (U2) (n=12 per group). μSBS at 24 hours was then determined, and the data were analyzed by using 2-way ANOVA and a Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Failure modes were analyzed under a stereomicroscope at ×40 magnification. RESULTS Two-way ANOVA revealed that the type of ZLS had no influence on μSBS (P=.699). However, the kinds of adhesive luting cements and their interaction had a statistically significant effect on μSBS (P<.001 and P=.002). U2 had a statistically significant lower mean μSBS, regardless of the type of ZLS, than SM and SU (P≤.05), while UCDU2 did not show a statistically significant difference in μSBS from UCDSU (P=.478). CONCLUSIONS Resin cement used with an etch-and-rinse and a universal adhesive agent demonstrates higher bond strength for the cementation of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics to dentin than a self-adhesive resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthapong Itthipongsatorn
- Graduate student, Esthetic Restorative and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirivimol Srisawasdi
- Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Ozen F, Demirkol N, Parlar Oz O. Effect of surface finishing treatments on the color stability of CAD/CAM materials. J Adv Prosthodont 2020; 12:150-156. [PMID: 32601534 PMCID: PMC7314631 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2020.12.3.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface finishing processes on the color stabilities of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics, and resin nanoceramics after artificial ageing. MATERIALS AND METHODS 216 samples were prepared from 3 different CAD/CAM materials (LAVA Ultimate, IPS e.max CAD, VITA Suprinity) with A1 HT color at a size of 14 × 12 mm and a thickness of 0.5 ± 0.05 mm. Color measurements of the samples were performed with a spectrophotometer using color parameters and CIE Lab color system on a gray backing between baseline color and after 5000 cycles of artificial ageing in 4 stages (i.e. the first measurement before the treatment, the second measurement after polishing, the third measurement after cement application, and the fourth measurement after artificial ageing). The results were evaluated using the Variance analysis and Fisher's LSD test. RESULTS Resin nanoceramics (LU) exhibited higher color change values than zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (VS) and lithium disilicate (EC) ceramics after artificial ageing. Manual polishing and glazing resulted in similar color change for LU and VS (P>.05). In the EC group, glazing provided statistically different results as compared to the manual polishing and control groups (P<.05). Among the ceramic groups, color change values of the subgroup, which was treated by glazing, of the zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (VS) and lithium disilicate (EC) samples were below the clinically acceptable level (ΔE < 3.5). CONCLUSION The lowest color change for all stages was observed in Vita Suprinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Ozen
- Prosthodontics, Private Practice, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Nermin Demirkol
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ozge Parlar Oz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Oh WS. Cement Type (Adhesive vs. Conventional) May Not Affect Clinical Performance of Zirconia and Lithium Disilicate Tooth-Supported Crowns. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2020; 20:101415. [PMID: 32473801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2020.101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Effect of cement type on the clinical performance and complications of zirconia and lithium disilicate tooth-supported crowns: A systematic review. Report of the Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics of the American Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics. Maroulakos G, Thompson GA, Kontogiorgos ED. J Prosthet Dent 2019;121:754-65. SOURCE OF FUNDING Unknown. TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN Systematic review.
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Fracture Resistance of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic Crowns Cemented with Conventional or Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13092012. [PMID: 32344894 PMCID: PMC7254201 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate ceramic (ZLS), combining lithium-silicate and zirconia features, has shown to have excellent mechanical and aesthetic characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the fracture strength of ZLS single crowns cemented with two different cementation techniques. Twenty crowns were realised and cemented on teeth replicas achieved from an extracted premolar human tooth. The samples were divided into two groups of 10 specimens each, Glass-ionomeric cement (GIC) group and Self-Adhesive Resin Cement (ARC) group. The mechanical test was performed using a universal testing machine. The specimens were then evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify for all crowns and related abutments the pattern of fracture after the breaking point. The data obtained were statistically analysed. The mean fracture toughness values and standard deviations (±SD) were 2227 ± 382 N and 3712 ± 319 N respectively for GIC and ARC groups. In fact, t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the SEM results demonstrated portions of abutments still attached to the crown fragments in the ARC group, whilst these were not present in the GIC group. Within the limitations of this study, these results suggest the use of adhesive cementation for ZLS crowns, which significantly increase the compressive strength of ZLS restorations compared to GIC.
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Ranjkesh B, Kopperud HM, Kopperud SE, Løvschall H. Bond strength between dentine and a novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:564-569. [PMID: 31830349 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentine bond strength of a novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement (Protooth) versus a calcium hydroxide-based cement (Dycal), a calcium silicate cement (ProRoot MTA), and a glass ionomer cement (Ketac-Molar). Mid-root dentine slices of 1 mm thickness were obtained from human maxillary incisors. After enlarging the lumen of the canal to 1.3 mm, the cavities were randomly filled with test materials. Samples were immersed in physiological-like solution. The push-out bond strength was tested on days 1, 28, and 180 (n = 12). Failure types of bonding were determined using a stereomicroscope. We analysed the data using linear regression. Dycal and day 1 were considered as reference for cement type and assessment time, respectively. Protooth, Ketac-Molar, and ProRoot MTA demonstrated higher push-out bond strength than Dycal. The push-out bond strength in the Protooth group increased on day 28 and 180. The bond strength of Ketac-Molar was significantly reduced on day 28. Dycal showed a significant decrease in bond strength on day 180 compared with that on day 1 and 28. Mixed failure was the dominant failure type. Protooth bonding to dentine was increased with time, in contrast to that of ProRoot MTA, Dycal, and Ketac-Molar, as a function of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Ranjkesh
- Nordic Institute of Dental Materials (NIOM), Oslo, Norway.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Henrik Løvschall
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Alves LMM, Contreras LPC, Campos TMB, Bottino MA, Valandro LF, Melo RMD. In vitro wear of a zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic against different restorative materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 100:103403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bergamo ET, Bordin D, Ramalho IS, Lopes AC, Gomes RS, Kaizer M, Witek L, Bonfante EA, Coelho PG, Del Bel Cury AA. Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate crowns: Effect of thickness on survival and failure mode. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1007-1016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lawson NC, Litaker MS, Ferracane JL, Gordan VV, Atlas AM, Rios T, Gilbert GH, McCracken MS. Choice of cement for single-unit crowns: Findings from The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. J Am Dent Assoc 2019; 150:522-530. [PMID: 31030937 PMCID: PMC6538426 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this article, the authors present clinical factors associated with the type of cement practitioners use for restoration of single-unit crowns. METHODS A total of 202 dentists in The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network recorded clinical details (including cement type) used for 3,468 single-unit crowns. The authors classified crowns as bonded if the dentist used a resin cement. The authors used mixed-model logistic regression to assess the associations between various clinical factors and the dentist's decision to bond. RESULTS A total of 38.1% of crowns were bonded, and 61.9% were nonbonded; 39.1% (79 of 202) of dentists never bonded a crown, and 20.3% (41 of 202) of dentists bonded every crown in the study. Crowns with excessive occlusal reduction (as judged by laboratory technicians) were more likely to be bonded (P = .02); however, there was no association with bonding and excessive taper (P = .15) or axial reduction (P = .08). Crowns were more likely to be bonded if they were fabricated from leucite-reinforced glass ceramic (76.5%) or lithium disilicate (70.8%) than if they were fabricated from layered zirconia (38.8%), full-contour zirconia (30.1%), full metal (14.7%), or porcelain-fused-to-metal (13.8%) (P < .01) restorative material. There was no significant association between choice to bond and crown margin location (P = .35). Crowns in the anterior maxilla were more likely to be bonded (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Excessive occlusal tooth preparation, anterior location of a crown, and the use of glass ceramic crowns were associated significantly with the decision to bond. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS In this study, the authors identified factors significantly associated with the clinical decision made by practicing dentists when selecting a cement for restoration of single-unit crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel C Lawson
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7 Ave S, Birmingham, AL, 35294, 205-975-8302,
| | - Mark S Litaker
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7 Ave S, Birmingham, AL, 35294, 205-934-1179,
| | - Jack L Ferracane
- Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S.W. Moody Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, 503-494-4327,
| | - Valeria V Gordan
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, 1395 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL 32610, 352-273-5846,
| | - Alan M Atlas
- Private practice, Department of Endodontics and Department of Preventive/Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S 40th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215-545-3111,
| | - Tara Rios
- Private practice, 1205 E Alton Gloor Blvd, Brownsville, TX 78526, 956-542-1956,
| | - Gregg H Gilbert
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7 Ave S, Birmingham, AL, 35294, 205-934-5423,
| | - Michael S McCracken
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7 Ave S, Birmingham, AL, 205-934-1947,
| | - National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group
- The National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group includes practitioner, faculty, and staff investigators who contributed to this activity. A list is available at http://nationaldentalpbrn.org/collaborative-group.php
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Alammari MR, Abdelnabi MH, Swelem AA. Effect of total occlusal convergence on fit and fracture resistance of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate crowns. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2018; 11:1-8. [PMID: 30643468 PMCID: PMC6318710 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s193326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) monolithic crowns are gaining momentum. Limited evidence exists about the effect of tooth preparation total occlusal convergence (TOC) on marginal and internal gap distances in addition to load to fracture values. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate, by microcomputed tomography (µCT), the influence of 12° and 20° TOC on marginal and internal adaptation of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) crowns. Moreover, values of load to fracture with and without initial cyclic loading (CL) were compared. Material and methods Forty ZLS crowns were fabricated on dies with TOC of 12° and 20°, 20 crowns for each group. µCT was used to compare marginal and internal adaptation. Each specimen was measured at 140 points distributed on all tooth preparation surfaces for 2D gap distance assessment. 3D gap volume was also evaluated. Crowns were then cemented and divided into two subgroups; the first was stored in distilled water (no cyclic loading [NCL] subgroup), the second was subjected to CL (CL subgroup). Results Factorial repeated measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc in addition to independent and dependent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Marginal gap, absolute marginal discrepancy, and occlusal gap measurements showed significant differences between the measurement sites. Static load to fracture values showed significant differences between TOC groups for both NCL (P=0.011) and CL (P=0.025) subgroups. Conclusion An increase of TOC from 12° to 20° did not affect marginal and internal adaptation but resulted in higher values of load to fracture of ZLS crowns. CL simulating 1 year of service did not result in fatigue failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Rahma Alammari
- Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
| | - Mohamed Hussein Abdelnabi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, .,Removable Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amal Ali Swelem
- Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, .,Removable Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Preis V, Hahnel S, Behr M, Rosentritt M. In vitro performance and fracture resistance of novel CAD/CAM ceramic molar crowns loaded on implants and human teeth. J Adv Prosthodont 2018; 10:300-307. [PMID: 30140397 PMCID: PMC6104500 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.4.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the fatigue and fracture resistance of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic molar crowns on dental implants and human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molar crowns (n=48; n=8/group) were fabricated of a lithium-disilicate-strengthened lithium aluminosilicate glass ceramic (N). Surfaces were polished (P) or glazed (G). Crowns were tested on human teeth (T) and implant-abutment analogues (I) simulating a chairside (C, crown bonded to abutment) or labside (L, screw channel) procedure for implant groups. Polished/glazed lithium disilicate (E) crowns (n=16) served as reference. Combined thermal cycling and mechanical loading (TC: 3000×5℃/3000×55℃; ML: 1.2×106 cycles, 50 N) with antagonistic human molars (groups T) and steatite spheres (groups I) was performed under a chewing simulator. TCML crowns were then analyzed for failures (optical microscopy, SEM) and fracture force was determined. Data were statistically analyzed (Kolmogorow-Smirnov, one-way-ANOVA, post-hoc Bonferroni, α=.05). RESULTS All crowns survived TCML and showed small traces of wear. In human teeth groups, fracture forces of N crowns varied between 1214±293 N (NPT) and 1324±498 N (NGT), differing significantly (P≤.003) from the polished reference EPT (2044±302 N). Fracture forces in implant groups varied between 934±154 N (NGI_L) and 1782±153 N (NPI_C), providing higher values for the respective chairside crowns. Differences between polishing and glazing were not significant (P≥.066) between crowns of identical materials and abutment support. CONCLUSION Fracture resistance was influenced by the ceramic material, and partly by the tooth or implant situation and the clinical procedure (chairside/labside). Type of surface finish (polishing/glazing) had no significant influence. Clinical survival of the new glass ceramic may be comparable to lithium disilicate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Preis
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Behr
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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M. Jassim Z, A. Majeed M. Comparative Evaluation of the Fracture Strength of Monolithic Crowns Fabricated from Different all-ceramic CAD/CAM Materials (an in vitro study). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the fracture strength of monolithic crowns fabricated from five different all-ceramic CAD/CAM materials (lithium disilicate, zirconia, reinforced composite, hybrid dental ceramic, and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate) using single load to failure test. Forty sound human maxillary first premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were selected for use in this study. Teeth were prepared according to a standard protocol with 1 mm deep chamfer finishing line, 4 mm axial height with planer occlusal reduction and 6º total convergence angle. Teeth were then divided into five groups of eight teeth each according to the material used for the fabrication of the monolithic crowns as follow: Group A: Crowns fabricated from lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent), Group B: Crowns fabricated from zirconia (CEREC Zirconia, Dentsply Sirona), Group C: Crowns fabricated from reinforced composite (BRILLIANT Crios, COLTENE), Group D: Crowns fabricated from hybrid dental ceramic (VITA ENAMIC, VITA Zahnfabric), Group E: Crowns fabricated from zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (CELTRA DUO, Dentsply Sirona). Teeth of all groups were then scanned with CEREC Omnicam digital intraoral scanner and the crowns were then designed using CEREC Premium software (version 4.4.4) and milled using CEREC MC XL milling unit. Post-milling, crowns of each group were subjected to either a firing procedure or to a polishing only according to the manufacturer's instructions of each material. The internal surfaces of the crowns of each group were then subjected to surface treatment according to the manufacturer's instructions of each material and the crowns were then cemented on their respective teeth using a universal dual-cured adhesive resin cement (Duo-Link Universal, Bisco Inc.). All teeth with the cemented crowns were then stored in deionized distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours before testing. All samples were then subjected to compressive axial loading until fracture in computer-controlled universal testing machine (Zwick Z010, Ulm, Germany) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and LSD test at a level of significance of 0.05. The results of this study showed that the highest mean value of fracture strength was recorded by Group B (2337.37), followed by Group C (1880.59), Group E (1404.49), Group A (1085.39) and Group D (767.06), respectively with statistically highly significant differences among the different groups (p<0.01). From the results of this study, it seems that the differences in the chemical composition and microstructure of the tested all-ceramic CAD/CAM materials may be responsible for the differences in the fracture strength of the fabricated crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab M. Jassim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Manhal A. Majeed
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Zimmermann M, Valcanaia A, Neiva G, Mehl A, Fasbinder D. Three-Dimensional Digital Evaluation of the Fit of Endocrowns Fabricated from Different CAD/CAM Materials. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e504-e509. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Zimmermann
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zurich; Switzerland
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI
| | - Andre Valcanaia
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI
| | - Gisele Neiva
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI
| | - Albert Mehl
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Dennis Fasbinder
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI
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Choi S, Yoon HI, Park EJ. Load-bearing capacity of various CAD/CAM monolithic molar crowns under recommended occlusal thickness and reduced occlusal thickness conditions. J Adv Prosthodont 2017; 9:423-431. [PMID: 29279761 PMCID: PMC5741445 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.6.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistances of various monolithic crowns fabricated by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) with different thickness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Test dies were fabricated as mandibular molar forms with occlusal reductions using CAD/CAM. With different occlusal thickness (1.0 or 1.5 mm), a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Enamic, EN), and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (Suprinity, SU and Celtra-Duo, CD) were used to fabricate molar crowns. Lithium disilicate (e.max CAD, EM) crowns (occlusal: 1.5 mm) were fabricated as control. Seventy crowns (n=10 per group) were bonded to abutments and stored in water for 24 hours. A universal testing machine was used to apply load to crown until fracture. The fractured specimens were examined with a scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The type of ceramics and the occlusal thickness showed a significant interaction. With a recommended thickness (1.5 mm), the SU revealed the mean load similar to the EM, higher compared with those of the EN and CD. The fracture loads in a reduced thickness (1.0 mm) were similar among the SU, CD, and EN. The mean fracture load of the SU and CD enhanced significantly when the occlusal thickness increased, whereas that of the EN did not. CONCLUSION The fracture loads of monolithic crowns were differently influenced by the changes in occlusal thickness, depending on the type of ceramics. Within the limitations of this study, all the tested crowns withstood the physiological masticatory loads both at the recommended and reduced occlusal
thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulki Choi
- Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-In Yoon
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sieper K, Wille S, Kern M. Fracture strength of lithium disilicate crowns compared to polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate crowns. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 74:342-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Schwindling FS, Rues S, Schmitter M. Fracture resistance of glazed, full-contour ZLS incisor crowns. J Prosthodont Res 2017; 61:344-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Goujat A, Abouelleil H, Colon P, Jeannin C, Pradelle N, Seux D, Grosgogeat B. Mechanical properties and internal fit of 4 CAD-CAM block materials. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 119:384-389. [PMID: 28552287 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Recent polymer-based computer-assisted design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials have been commercialized for inlay restorations, a polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) and composite resin nanoceramics. Little independent evidence regarding their mechanical properties exists. Internal adaptation is an important factor for the clinical success and longevity of a restoration, and data concerning this parameter for inlays made with these blocks are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties (flexural strength, flexural modulus, Vickers hardness, fracture toughness) and the internal adaptation of these recent polymer-based blocks with a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic block. MATERIAL AND METHODS The materials tested in this study were a PICN material (Vita Enamic), 2 composite resin nanoceramics (Lava Ultimate; 3M ESPE and Cerasmart; GCDental Products), and a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD). Mechanical properties were evaluated according to ISO norm DIS 6872:2013. Bar-shaped specimens (18×3×3 mm) were prepared and submitted to a 3-point bend test using a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. In addition, identical cavities were prepared in 60 human mandibular extracted molars (n=15) and optically scanned to receive mesioocclusodistal inlays milled with the 4 materials tested in a CEREC Inlab milling machine. The replica technique and a stereomicroscope (×20) were used to measure the internal fit of the inlays at 9 preselected locations. All data were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey multiple comparison or Games-Howell test (α=.05). RESULTS The mean flexural strength of the tested blocks ranged from 148.7 ±9.5 MPa (Vita Enamic) to 216.5 ±28.3 MPa (Cerasmart). The mean flexural modulus ranged from 23.3 ±6.4 GPa (Vita Enamic) to 52.8 ±10.5 GPa (IPS e.max CAD). The mean Vickers hardness ranged from 0.66 ±0.02 GPa (Cerasmart) to 5.98 ±0.69 GPa (IPS e.max CAD). The mean fracture toughness ranged from 1.2 ±0.17 MPa.m1/2 (Cerasmart) to 1.8 ±0.29 MPa.m1/2 (IPS e.max CAD). The values for internal discrepancy ranged from 119 ±55 μm to 234 ±51 μm. The mean internal discrepancy was significantly higher for Lava Ultimate (P<.05) than IPS e.max CAD and Cerasmart but not for Vita Enamic. The factor ''material'' was statistically significant in relation to the mechanical properties evaluated in this study (P<.05). The Pearson correlation was negative between the flexural strength results and the internal discrepancy of the materials tested (R2=0.941; P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The mechanical properties of the CAD-CAM block materials tested were within the acceptable range for fabrication of single restorations according to the ISO standard for ceramics (ISO 6872:2008). IPS e.max CAD and Cerasmart were observed to have superior flexural strength and better internal fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Goujat
- Associate Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University; Faculty of Odontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France.
| | - Hazem Abouelleil
- Associate Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University; Faculty of Odontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Colon
- Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Jeannin
- Associate Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France
| | - Nelly Pradelle
- Associate Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Seux
- Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Grosgogeat
- Professor, Laboratory of Multimaterials and Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Lyon 1 University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Dental Biomaterials, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France
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In-vitro fatigue and fracture testing of CAD/CAM-materials in implant-supported molar crowns. Dent Mater 2017; 33:427-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kerezoudi C, Gogos C, Samanidou V, Tziafas D, Palaghias G. Evaluation of monomer leaching from a resin cement through dentin by a novel model. Dent Mater 2016; 32:e297-e305. [PMID: 27671464 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the elution of HEMA, BPA, UDMA and BisGMA from a conventional resin cement (Multilink Automix®, Ivoclar Vivadent) through human dentin, under constant positive pulpal pressure. METHODS Ten human dentin disks (n=10) were adjusted in a new testing device and transparent glass slabs were luted with Multilink Automix® resin cement, following manufacturer's instructions, under a steady pressure of 25N. The device was filled with Ringer's solution. At 5min, 20min, 1h, 2h, 21h, 3 days, 7 days, 10days and 21days time intervals, the whole eluate was retrieved from each one of the ten specimens and then, the specimens were refilled with fresh Ringer's solution. The eluates were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS HEMA was detected in the eluate of all of the specimens, from 5min until 10 days. At four of the specimens, HEMA was also detected in the 21days eluate at very low concentrations. BPA, UDMA and BisGMA were not detected at any eluate. An unknown compound was also detected at 4.4min. SIGNIFICANCE The concentrations of HEMA that enabled to diffuse from Multilink Automix® cement in an aqueous solution, through a dentin barrier, did not reach toxic levels and BPA, UDMA and BisGMA were not detected at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kerezoudi
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - C Gogos
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - V Samanidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - D Tziafas
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - G Palaghias
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Rosentritt M, Hahnel S, Engelhardt F, Behr M, Preis V. In vitro performance and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM-fabricated implant supported molar crowns. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1213-1219. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Ceramics has become increasingly popular as a dental restorative material because of its superior esthetics, as well as its inertness and biocompatibility. Among dental ceramics, zirconia is used as a dental biomaterial and it is the material of choice in contemporary restorative dentistry. Zirconia ceramics has both clinical popularity and success due to its outstanding mechanical properties and ease of machining in the green stage via computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology. Zirconia is one of the most promising restorative biomaterial because it has favorable mechanical and chemical properties suitable for medical application. Zirconia ceramics is becoming a prevalent biomaterial in dentistry. Clinical evaluations also indicate a good success rate for zirconia with minimal complications. This article reviews the current literature on dental zirconia with respect to basic properties, biocompatibility, and clinical applications in aesthetic dentistry as single unit crown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Alfawaz
- Lecturer, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Phone: +96614677420, e-mail:
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Chairside Fabrication of an All-Ceramic Partial Crown Using a Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic. Case Rep Dent 2016; 2016:1354186. [PMID: 27042362 PMCID: PMC4799832 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1354186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The chairside fabrication of a monolithic partial crown using a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramic is described. The fully digitized model-free workflow in a dental practice is possible due to the use of a powder-free intraoral scanner and the computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) of the restorations. The innovative ZLS material offers a singular combination of fracture strength (>370 Mpa), optimum polishing characteristics, and excellent optical properties. Therefore, this ceramic is an interesting alternative material for monolithic restorations produced in a digital workflow.
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Diakonenko EE, Lebedenko IY. [Review of Journal of Dental Materials publications on world trends in dental ceramic materials studies]. STOMATOLOGII︠A︡ 2016. [PMID: 28635840 DOI: 10.17116/stomat201695561-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E E Diakonenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Yu Lebedenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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