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Zhou W, Liu Y, Dong J, Hu X, Su Z, Zhang X, Zhu C, Xiong L, Huang W, Bai J. Mussel-Derived and Bioclickable Peptide Mimic for Enhanced Interfacial Osseointegration via Synergistic Immunomodulation and Vascularized Bone Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401833. [PMID: 38922775 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Inadequate osseointegration at the interface is a key factor in orthopedic implant failure. Mechanistically, traditional orthopedic implant interfaces fail to precisely match natural bone regeneration processes in vivo. In this study, a novel biomimetic coating on titanium substrates (DPA-Co/GFO) through a mussel adhesion-mediated ion coordination and molecular clicking strategy is engineered. In vivo and in vitro results confirm that the coating exhibits excellent biocompatibility and effectively promotes angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Crucially, the biomimetic coating targets the integrin α2β1 receptor to promote M2 macrophage polarization and achieves a synergistic effect between immunomodulation and vascularized bone regeneration, thereby maximizing osseointegration at the interface. Mechanical push-out tests reveal that the pull-out strength in the DPA-Co/GFO group is markedly greater than that in the control group (79.04 ± 3.20 N vs 31.47 ± 1.87 N, P < 0.01) and even surpasses that in the sham group (79.04 ± 3.20 N vs 63.09 ± 8.52 N, P < 0.01). In summary, the novel biomimetic coating developed in this study precisely matches the natural process of bone regeneration in vivo, enhancing interface-related osseointegration and showing considerable potential for clinical translation and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jiale Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xianli Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Zheng Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xianzuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
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Sahm BD, Ferreira I, Carvalho-Silva JM, Vilela Teixeira AB, Uchôa Teixeira JV, Lisboa-Filho PN, Alves OL, Cândido dos Reis A. Structure-properties correlation of acrylic resins modified with silver vanadate and graphene. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32029. [PMID: 38868038 PMCID: PMC11168394 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to incorporate β-AgVO3 and rGO into self-curing (SC) and heat-curing (HC) acrylic resins and to evaluate their physicochemical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties while correlating them with the characterized material structure. Acrylic resin samples were prepared at 0 % (control), 0.5 %, 1 %, and 3 % for both nanoparticles. The microstructural characterization was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n = 1) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) (n = 1). The physicochemical and mechanical tests included flexural strength (n = 10), Knoop hardness (n = 10), roughness (n = 10), wettability (n = 10), sorption (n = 10), solubility (n = 10), porosity (n = 10), and color evaluation (n = 10). The microbiological evaluation was performed by counting colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and cell viability (n = 8). The results showed that the β-AgVO3 samples showed lower counts of Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus mutans due to their promising physicochemical properties. The mechanical properties were maintained with the addition of β-AgVO3. The rGO samples showed higher counts of microorganisms due to the increase in physicochemical properties. It can be concluded that the incorporation of β-AgVO3 into acrylic resins could be an alternative to improve the antimicrobial efficacy and performance of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Danieletto Sahm
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Izabela Ferreira
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Marcos Carvalho-Silva
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Oswaldo Luiz Alves
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andréa Cândido dos Reis
- Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Qin W, Xing T, Qin S, Tang B, Chen W. BMSCs-driven graphite oxide-grafted-carbon fibers reinforced polyetheretherketone composites as functional implants: in vivo biosafety and osteogenesis. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1343-1358. [PMID: 38493406 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2328877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly becoming a potential treatment approach for bone injuries due to the multi-lineage differentiation potential, ability to recognize damaged tissue sites and secrete bioactive factors that can enhance tissue repair. The aim of this work was to improve osteogenesis of carbon fibers reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) implants through bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-based therapy. Moreover, bioactive graphene oxide (GO) was introduced into CF/PEEK by grafting GO onto CF to boost the osteogenic efficiency of BMSCs. Subsequently, CF/PEEK was implanted into the symmetrical skull defect models of SD rats. Then in vivo biosafety and osteogenesis were evaluated. The results indicated that surface wettability of CF/PEEK was effectively improved by GO, which was beneficial for the adhesion of BMSCs. The pathological tissue sections stained with H&E showed no significant pathological change in the main organs including heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, which indicated no acute systemic toxicity. Furthermore, bone mineralization deposition rate of CF/PEEK containing GO was 2.2 times that of pure CF/PEEK. The X-ray test showed that the surface of CF/PEEK containing GO was obviously covered by more newly formed bone tissue than pure CF/PEEK after 8 weeks of implantation. This work demonstrated that GO effectively enhanced surface bioactivity of CF/PEEK and assisted BMSCs in accelerating differentiation into bone tissue, providing a feasible strategy for improving osteogenesis of PEEK and CF/PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tong Xing
- Engineering Research Center of Heavy Mechanical, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shengnan Qin
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Tang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, China
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Huang H, Liu X, Wang J, Suo M, Zhang J, Sun T, Wang H, Liu C, Li Z. Strategies to improve the performance of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as orthopedic implants: from surface modification to addition of bioactive materials. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4533-4552. [PMID: 38477504 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02740f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), as a high-performance polymer, is widely used for bone defect repair due to its homogeneous modulus of elasticity of human bone, good biocompatibility, excellent chemical stability and projectability. However, the highly hydrophobic surface of PEEK is biologically inert, which makes it difficult for cells and proteins to attach, and is accompanied by the development of infections that ultimately lead to failure of PEEK implants. In order to further enhance the potential of PEEK as an orthopedic implant, researchers have explored modification methods such as surface modification by physical and chemical means and the addition of bioactive substances to PEEK-based materials to enhance the mechanical properties, osteogenic activity and antimicrobial properties of PEEK. However, these current modification methods still have obvious shortcomings in terms of cost, maneuverability, stability and cytotoxicity, which still need to be explored by researchers. This paper reviews some of the modification methods that have been used to improve the performance of PEEK over the last three years in anticipation of the need for researchers to design PEEK orthopedic implants that better meet clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huagui Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Moran Suo
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianze Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghua Wang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
| | - Chengde Liu
- Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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Han X, Sharma N, Xu Z, Krajewski S, Li P, Spintzyk S, Lv L, Zhou Y, Thieringer FM, Rupp F. A balance of biocompatibility and antibacterial capability of 3D printed PEEK implants with natural totarol coating. Dent Mater 2024; 40:674-688. [PMID: 38388252 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a biomaterial with appropriate bone-like mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, is widely applied in cranio-maxillofacial and dental applications. However, the lack of antibacterial effect is an essential drawback of PEEK material and might lead to infection and osseointegration issues. This study aims to apply a natural antibacterial agent, totarol coating onto the 3D printed PEEK surface and find an optimized concentration with balanced cytocompatibility, osteogenesis, and antibacterial capability. METHODS In this study, a natural antibacterial agent, totarol, was applied as a coating to fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printed PEEK surfaces at a series of increasing concentrations (1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 15 mg/ml, and 20 mg/ml). The samples were then evaluated for cytocompatibility with L929 fibroblast and SAOS-2 osteoblast using live/dead staining and CCK-8 assay. The antibacterial capability was assessed by crystal violet staining, live/dead staining, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) utilizing the oral primary colonizer S. gordonii and isolates of mixed oral bacteria in a stirring system simulating the oral environment. The appropriate safe working concentration for totarol coating is selected based on the results of the cytocompatibility and antibacterial test. Subsequently, the influence on osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS) analysis of pre-osteoblasts. RESULTS Our results showed that the optimal concentration of totarol solution for promising antibacterial coating was approximately 10 mg/ml. Such surfaces could play an excellent antibacterial role by inducing a contact-killing effect with an inhibitory effect against biofilm development without affecting the healing of soft and hard tissues around FFF 3D printed PEEK implants or abutments. SIGNIFICANCE This study indicates that the totarol coated PEEK has an improved antibacterial effect with excellent biocompatibility providing great clinical potential as an orthopedic/dental implant/abutment material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingting Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200011, China; University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Medical Materials Science and Technology, Osianderstr. 2-8, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
| | - Neha Sharma
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland; Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zeqian Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200011, China; University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Medical Materials Science and Technology, Osianderstr. 2-8, Tübingen D-72076, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Krajewski
- University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Medical Materials Science and Technology, Osianderstr. 2-8, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
| | - Ping Li
- University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Medical Materials Science and Technology, Osianderstr. 2-8, Tübingen D-72076, Germany; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Sebastian Spintzyk
- University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Medical Materials Science and Technology, Osianderstr. 2-8, Tübingen D-72076, Germany; ADMiRE Research Center - Additive Manufacturing, Intelligent Robotics, Sensors and Engineering, School of Engineering and IT, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Villach, Austria
| | - Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Florian M Thieringer
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland; Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rupp
- University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Medical Materials Science and Technology, Osianderstr. 2-8, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
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Xie M, Xiao GY, Song ZG, Lu YP. The Formation Process and Mechanism of the 3D Porous Network on the Sulfonated PEEK Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:13585-13596. [PMID: 38445618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) porous network can be prepared on the PEEK surface by sulfonation with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties. However, few studies have been conducted on the formation mechanism of a 3D porous network. In this work, the surface and cross-sectional morphologies, chemical compositions, functional groups, surface wettability, and crystalline states of sulfonated PEEK were investigated at different sulfonation times and coagulant concentrations. The results show that the number of nodular structures and broken fibers on the sulfonated PEEK surface as well as the size of macrovoids in the cross sections increase with increasing sulfonation times when water is used as a coagulant. In contrast, dilute sulfuric acid as a coagulant can inhibit the formation of surface porous structures and macrovoids in the cross sections. Moreover, all of the sulfonated PEEK samples have the same chemical compositions but exhibit better hydrophilicity as the number of microsized pores decreases. It is proposed that non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) occurs during the sulfonation process, and the formation mechanism of surface and cross-sectional morphologies is discussed. Furthermore, it is assumed that the air is trapped in the microsized pores, leaving the surface of the 3D porous network in the Cassie-wetting state. All of these preliminary results throw light on the nature of the sulfonation process and may guide further modification of the structures of sulfonated PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Gui-Yong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Song
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yu-Peng Lu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Qin W, Xing T, Tang B, Chen W. Mechanical properties and osteogenesis of CFR-PEEK composite with interface strengthening by graphene oxide for implant application. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 148:106222. [PMID: 37948919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, 1 wt% of graphite oxide (GO) was used to strengthen the interface of carbon fibers (CF) reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) composites, so as to obtain sufficiently high mechanical properties and bioactive surfaces which are two fundamental requirements for orthopedic/dental implants. Concretely, aminated GO was grafted onto oxidized CF in aqueous solution in a mild and non-toxic manner, subsequently, the CF grafted by GO was used for injection molding to prepare CFR-PEEK implant. The dispersibility of CF in the composites were remarkably boosted. Mechanical tests indicated that the flexural strength, compressive strength and hardness of CFR-PEEK were increased by 51%, 46%, and 30%, respectively. Furthermore, the flexural modulus increased to 11.67 ± 0.20 GPa and the compression modulus increased to 6.12 ± 0.11 GPa, which both meet the elastic modulus of human bone (6-30 GPa). The wear resistance was slightly improved. In the in vitro cell evaluation, CFR-PEEK with interface strengthening by GO showed no cytotoxicity and exhibited significantly enhanced adhesion and proliferation of Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the surface. More importantly, osteogenesis-related protein expression in vitro and osteogenetic evaluation in vivo all disclosed greatly accelerated osteo-differentiation of BMSCs on the composites due to the additive effect of GO at the interface. Based on this scheme, the CFR-PEEK composites with the dual functions of mechanical enhancement and osteointegration promotion holds great potential as implants in orthopedic/dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Tong Xing
- Engineering Research Center of Heavy Mechanical, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Bin Tang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030060, China.
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Chen M, Ren M, Shi Y, Liu X, Wei H. State-of-the-art polyetheretherketone three-dimensional printing and multifunctional modification for dental implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1271629. [PMID: 37929192 PMCID: PMC10621213 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1271629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer with an elastic modulus close to that of the jawbone. PEEK has the potential to become a new dental implant material for special patients due to its radiolucency, chemical stability, color similarity to teeth, and low allergy rate. However, the aromatic main chain and lack of surface charge and chemical functional groups make PEEK hydrophobic and biologically inert, which hinders subsequent protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. This will be detrimental to the deposition and mineralization of apatite on the surface of PEEK and limit its clinical application. Researchers have explored different modification methods to effectively improve the biomechanical, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, antioxidative, osteogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic, and soft tissue adhesion properties. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest research progress in material property advantages, three-dimensional printing synthesis, and functional modification of PEEK in the fields of implant dentistry and provides solutions for existing difficulties. We confirm the broad prospects of PEEK as a dental implant material to promote the clinical conversion of PEEK-based dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Chen
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Ren
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingqi Shi
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuyu Liu
- Hospital of Stomatogy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongtao Wei
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Liang Y, Song Y, Wang L, Wei C, Zhou X, Feng Y. Research progress on antibacterial activity of medical titanium alloy implant materials. Odontology 2023; 111:813-829. [PMID: 37402971 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are the preferred materials for medical implants. However, easy infection is a fatal shortcoming of Ti implants. Fortunately, the ongoing development of antibacterial implant materials is a promising solution, and Ti alloys with antibacterial properties hold immense potential for medical applications. In this review, we briefly outline the mechanisms of bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on implants; discuss and classify the major antimicrobials currently in use and development, including inorganic and organic antimicrobials; and describe the important role of antimicrobials in the development of implant materials for clinical applications. Strategies and challenges related to improving the antimicrobial properties of implant materials as well as the prospects of antibacterial Ti alloys in the medical field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Yuying Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Chao Wei
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shandong University of Engineering and Vocational Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shandong University of Engineering and Vocational Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Yihua Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China.
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Inchingolo F, Inchingolo AM, Latini G, Palmieri G, Di Pede C, Trilli I, Ferrante L, Inchingolo AD, Palermo A, Lorusso F, Scarano A, Dipalma G. Application of Graphene Oxide in Oral Surgery: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6293. [PMID: 37763569 PMCID: PMC10532659 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The current review aims to provide an overview of the most recent research in the last 10 years on the potentials of graphene in the dental surgery field, focusing on the potential of graphene oxide (GO) applied to implant surfaces and prosthetic abutment surfaces, as well as to the membranes and scaffolds used in Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) procedures. "Graphene oxide" and "dental surgery" and "dentistry" were the search terms utilized on the databases Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed, with the Boolean operator "AND" and "OR". Reviewers worked in pairs to select studies based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. They included animal studies, clinical studies, or case reports, and in vitro and in vivo studies. However, they excluded systematic reviews, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses. Results: Of these 293 studies, 19 publications were included in this review. The field of graphene-based engineered nanomaterials in dentistry is expanding. Aside from its superior mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability, graphene and its derivatives may be functionalized with a variety of bioactive compounds, allowing them to be introduced into and improved upon various scaffolds used in regenerative dentistry. This review presents state-of-the-art graphene-based dental surgery applications. Even if further studies and investigations are still needed, the GO coating could improve clinical results in the examined dental surgery fields. Better osseointegration, as well as increased antibacterial and cytocompatible qualities, can benefit GO-coated implant surgery. On bacterially contaminated implant abutment surfaces, the CO coating may provide the optimum prospects for soft tissue sealing to occur. GBR proves to be a safe and stable material, improving both bone regeneration when using GO-enhanced graft materials as well as biocompatibility and mechanical properties of GO-incorporated membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulia Latini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulia Palmieri
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Chiara Di Pede
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Irma Trilli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Laura Ferrante
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti–Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti–Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
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Su J, Wu Q, Xing X, Li D, Ou Y, He K, Lin H, Qiu Y, Rausch-Fan X, Chen J. Effect of sulfonation time on physicochemical, osteogenic, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility of carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 145:105979. [PMID: 37467553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) has been increasingly used in orthopedics dentistry due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, the biological inertness and poor antibacterial activity limit its clinical applications. This paper focused on the performances of CFR-PEEK with porous morphology that were exposed to different sulfonation periods (1, 3, 5, and 10 min, corresponding to CP-S1, CP-S3, CP-S5, and CP-S10, respectively). Residual sulfuric acid was removed by acetone rinsing, NaOH immersion, and hydrothermal treatment before in vitro and in vivo studies. The results showed some significant difference in the physicochemical properties, including energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) map of sulfur atoms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of valences of sulfur ions, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hydrophilicity, hardness, and elastic modulus among CP-S3, CP-S5, and CP-S10. However, CP-S5 and CP-S10 were more effective in promoting the proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation of seeded bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and growth inhibition of S. aureus and P. gingivalis compared with other groups. Furthermore, the CP-S5 and CP-S10 samples achieved better cranial bone repair than the non-sulfonation group in a rat model. Therefore, it can be inferred that both 5 and 10 min are viable sulfonation durations for 30% CFR-PEEK. These findings provide a theoretical basis for developing CFR-PEEK for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Qingshi Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xiaojie Xing
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Dexiong Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Yanjing Ou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Kaixun He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Hanyu Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Yubei Qiu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jiang Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
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12
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Motiee ES, Karbasi S, Bidram E, Sheikholeslam M. Investigation of physical, mechanical and biological properties of polyhydroxybutyrate-chitosan/graphene oxide nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125593. [PMID: 37406897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical properties appropriate to native tissues, as an essential component in bone tissue engineering scaffolds, plays a significant role in tissue formation. In the current study, Poly-3 hydroxybutyrate-chitosan (PC) scaffolds reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) were made by the electrospinning method. The addition of GO led to a decrease in fibers diameter, an increase in thermal capacity and an improvement in the surface hydrophilicity of nanocomposite scaffolds. A significant increase in the mechanical properties of PC/GO (PCG) nanocomposite scaffolds was achieved due to the inherent strength of GO as well as its uniform dispersion throughout the polymeric matrix owing to hydrogen bonding and polar interactions. Also, lower biological degradation of the scaffolds (~30% in 100 days) due to the presence of GO provides essential mechanical support for bone regeneration. In addition, the bioactivity results showed that GO reinforcement significantly increases the biomineralization on the surface of the scaffolds. Evaluating cell adhesion and proliferation, as well as ALP activity of MG-63 cells on PC and PCG scaffolds indicated the positive effect of GO on scaffolds' biocompatibility. Overall, the improvement of physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of GO-reinforced scaffolds shows the potential of PCG nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham-Sadat Motiee
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Elham Bidram
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Sheikholeslam
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Apostu AM, Sufaru IG, Tanculescu O, Stoleriu S, Doloca A, Ciocan Pendefunda AA, Solomon SM. Can Graphene Pave the Way to Successful Periodontal and Dental Prosthetic Treatments? A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2354. [PMID: 37760795 PMCID: PMC10525677 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene, as a promising material, holds the potential to significantly enhance the field of dental practices. Incorporating graphene into dental materials imparts enhanced strength and durability, while graphene-based nanocomposites offer the prospect of innovative solutions such as antimicrobial dental implants or scaffolds. Ongoing research into graphene-based dental adhesives and composites also suggests their capacity to improve the quality and reliability of dental restorations. This narrative review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the application of graphene derivatives in the dental domain, with a particular focus on their application in prosthodontics and periodontics. It is important to acknowledge that further research and development are imperative to fully explore the potential of graphene and ensure its safe use in dental practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Mihaela Apostu
- Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Georgeta Sufaru
- Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Tanculescu
- Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Simona Stoleriu
- Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adrian Doloca
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alice Arina Ciocan Pendefunda
- Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sorina Mihaela Solomon
- Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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14
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Zhang Z, Shao J, Gao Y, Li Y, Liu T, Yang M. Research progress and future prospects of antimicrobial modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for the treatment of bone infections. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1244184. [PMID: 37600311 PMCID: PMC10436002 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1244184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection of the bone is a difficult problem in orthopedic diseases. The key and basis of the treatment of bone infection is the effective control of local infection, as well as the elimination of infection focus and dead cavities. The most commonly used approach utilized for the prevention and management of bone infection is the application of antibiotic bone cement. However, the incorporation of antibiotics into the cement matrix has been found to considerably compromise the mechanical characteristics of bone cement. Moreover, some investigations have indicated that the antibiotic release rate of antibiotic bone cement is relatively low. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and its composites have been considered to perfectly address the challenges above, according to its favorable biomechanical characteristics and diverse surface functionalizations. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the antimicrobial modification of PEEK composites in the field of antibacterial therapy of bone infection. Furthermore, the potential application of PEEK-modified materials in clinical treatment was discussed and predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junxing Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Te Liu
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Modi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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15
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Wei Z, Zhang Z, Zhu W, Weng X. Polyetheretherketone development in bone tissue engineering and orthopedic surgery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1207277. [PMID: 37456732 PMCID: PMC10345210 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1207277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely used in the medical field as an implant material, especially in bone tissue engineering and orthopedic surgery, in recent years. This material exhibits superior stability at high temperatures and is biosecured without harmful reactions. However, the chemical and biological inertness of PEEK still limits its applications. Recently, many approaches have been applied to improve its performance, including the modulation of physical morphology, chemical composition and antimicrobial agents, which advanced the osteointegration as well as antibacterial properties of PEEK materials. Based on the evolution of PEEK biomedical devices, many studies on the use of PEEK implants in spine surgery, joint surgery and trauma repair have been performed in the past few years, in most of which PEEK implants show better outcomes than traditional metal implants. This paper summarizes recent studies on the modification and application of biomedical PEEK materials, which provides further research directions for PEEK implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Ma N, Feng L, Shen M, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Huang R, Zhou L, Ji S, Lou Y, Zhu Z. Fabrication of bFGF/polydopamine-loaded PEEK implants for improving soft tissue integration by upregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14800. [PMID: 37012909 PMCID: PMC10066536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The difficulties associated with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants and soft tissue integration for craniomaxillofacial bone repair have led to a series of complications that limit the clinical benefits. In this study, 3D printed multi-stage microporous PEEK implants coated with bFGF via polydopamine were fabricated to enhance PEEK implant-soft tissue integration. Multistage microporous PEEK scaffolds prepared by sulfonation of concentrated sulfuric acid were coated with polydopamine, and then used as templates for electrophoretic deposition of bFGF bioactive factors. Achieving polydopamine and bFGF sustained release, the composite PEEK scaffolds possessed good mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adhesion properties. The in vitro results indicated that bFGF/polydopamine-loaded PEEK exhibited good biocompatibility to rabbit embryonic fibroblasts (REF) by promoting cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed that bFGF/polydopamine-loaded PEEK implants significantly upregulated the expression of genes and proteins associated with soft tissue integration and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in biological processes, but related expression of genes and proteins was significantly downregulated when the Wnt/β-catenin signaling was inhibited. Furthermore, in vivo bFGF/polydopamine-loaded PEEK implants exhibited excellent performance in improving the growth and adhesion of the surrounding soft tissue. In summary, bFGF/polydopamine-loaded PEEK implants possess soft tissue integration properties by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which have a potential translational clinical application in the future.
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Graphene-Based Materials in Dental Applications: Antibacterial, Biocompatible, and Bone Regenerative Properties. Int J Biomater 2023; 2023:8803283. [PMID: 36819211 PMCID: PMC9929215 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8803283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based materials have been shown to have advantageous properties in biomedical and dental applications due to their high mechanical, physiochemical, antibacterial, and stem cell differentiating properties. Although graphene-based materials have displayed appropriate biocompatible properties when used in implant materials for orthopedic applications, little research has been performed to specifically test the biocompatibility of graphene for dental applications. The oral environment, compared to the body, varies greatly and must be considered when evaluating biocompatibility requirements for dental applications. This review will discuss in vitro and in vivo studies that assess graphene's cytotoxicity, antibacterial properties, and cell differentiation ability to evaluate the overall biocompatibility of graphene-based materials for dental applications. Particle shape, size, and concentration were found to be major factors that affected overall biocompatibility of graphene.
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PEEK for Oral Applications: Recent Advances in Mechanical and Adhesive Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020386. [PMID: 36679266 PMCID: PMC9864167 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic material widely used in engineering applications due to its good biomechanical properties and high temperature stability. Compared to traditional metal and ceramic dental materials, PEEK dental implants exhibit less stress shielding, thus better matching the mechanical properties of bone. As a promising medical material, PEEK can be used as implant abutments, removable and fixed prostheses, and maxillofacial prostheses. It can be blended with materials such as fibers and ceramics to improve its mechanical strength for better clinical dental applications. Compared to conventional pressed and CAD/CAM milling fabrication, 3D-printed PEEK exhibits excellent flexural and tensile strength and parameters such as printing temperature and speed can affect its mechanical properties. However, the bioinert nature of PEEK can make adhesive bonding difficult. The bond strength can be improved by roughening or introducing functional groups on the PEEK surface by sandblasting, acid etching, plasma treatment, laser treatment, and adhesive systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress on the mechanical properties of PEEK for dental applications in the context of specific applications, composites, and their preparation processes. In addition, the research on the adhesive properties of PEEK over the past few years is highlighted. Thus, this review aims to build a conceptual and practical toolkit for the study of the mechanical and adhesive properties of PEEK materials. More importantly, it provides a rationale and a general new basis for the application of PEEK in the dental field.
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Erdinc G. Graphene on dentistry: A bibliometric and scientometric analysis. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:65-72. [PMID: 36751826 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_246_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Today, the development of dental materials is a very important issue. Graphene has been used in dentistry to strengthen many materials. Aim The aim of this study was to analyze leading countries and to identify the preferred journals, the most commonly used keywords, and the most productive authors in the field of graphene. Materials and Methods The search keyword was "graphene" on the Web of Science database; the search was restricted to before 2022. The selected search from the Web of Science database included the title of articles, authors, year of publication, country, citation count, and keywords. An analysis was performed regarding citations and documents, authors, journals, and keywords using a bibliometric software program. All articles were evaluated and subjected to scientometric analysis. Results Twenty six articles were included in the study. There has been a remarkable increase in published articles from past to present, and a regular increase is observed in the number of citations. Dental Materials has highest number of publications among the articles included in the present study. Dr. Rosa, who had the highest number of citations, is also the most effective author. Graphene has many studies in dentistry with different materials. As per the data obtained, graphene, graphene oxide, and peri-implantitis are the most used keywords and Singapore and China are at the forefront of the countries where the articles are published. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis reveals the progress and trend of research on graphene in dentistry and extensive collaborations between authors, countries, and institutions. The findings of this study can help inspire researchers to plan new studies and collaborate on graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Erdinc
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
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20
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Zheng Z, Liu P, Zhang X, Jingguo xin, Yongjie wang, Zou X, Mei X, Zhang S, Zhang S. Strategies to improve bioactive and antibacterial properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for use as orthopedic implants. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100402. [PMID: 36105676 PMCID: PMC9466655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has gradually become the mainstream material for preparing orthopedic implants due to its similar elastic modulus to human bone, high strength, excellent wear resistance, radiolucency, and biocompatibility. Since the 1990s, PEEK has increasingly been used in orthopedics. Yet, the widespread application of PEEK is limited by its bio-inertness, hydrophobicity, and susceptibility to microbial infections. Further enhancing the osteogenic properties of PEEK-based implants remains a difficult task. This article reviews some modification methods of PEEK in the last five years, including surface modification of PEEK or incorporating materials into the PEEK matrix. For surface modification, PEEK can be modified by chemical treatment, physical treatment, or surface coating with bioactive substances. For PEEK composite material, adding bioactive filler into PEEK through the melting blending method or 3D printing technology can increase the biological activity of PEEK. In addition, some modification methods such as sulfonation treatment of PEEK or grafting antibacterial substances on PEEK can enhance the antibacterial performance of PEEK. These strategies aim to improve the bioactive and antibacterial properties of the modified PEEK. The researchers believe that these modifications could provide valuable guidance on the future design of PEEK orthopedic implants.
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Zhou Z, Han X, Gao W, Li Y, Yu W, Yang S, Zhang J, Wang J, Shi R, Zhou Y, Zhao J. Fabrication and mechanical properties of different types of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone: A comparative study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105472. [PMID: 36162163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To find alternative non-metallic materials as dental implants for clinical application, different types of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone were fabricated and investigated. METHODS Continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone fabrics were fabricated with polyetheretherketone fibers and carbon fibers. Different kinds of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone were synthesized by setting specific experiment parameters of injection or hot press molding. Various mechanical tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties of different carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone, pure polyetheretherketone and pure titanium. RESULTS Polyetheretherketone composites presented outstanding mechanical and thermal properties after incorporating carbon fiber. The bending and tensile strength of short carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone were close to human bone, and the bending strength of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone reached 644 MPa, even higher than that of pure titanium. CONCLUSIONS The mechanical properties of polyetheretherketone composites are more similar to bone tissue than titanium, and the stress shielding phenomenon may be inhibited. They may become promising materials as substitutions for titanium and prospective materials in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Weijia Gao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wanqi Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ruining Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China.
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22
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Wang L, Lian J, Xia Y, Guo Y, Xu C, Zhang Y, Xu J, Zhang X, Li B, Zhao B. A study on in vitro and in vivo bioactivity of silk fibroin / nano-hydroxyapatite / graphene oxide composite scaffolds with directional channels. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Liu C, Tan D, Chen X, Liao J, Wu L. Research on Graphene and Its Derivatives in Oral Disease Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094737. [PMID: 35563128 PMCID: PMC9104291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases present a global public health problem that imposes heavy financial burdens on individuals and health-care systems. Most oral health conditions can be treated in their early stage. Even if the early symptoms of oral diseases do not seem to cause significant discomfort, prompt treatment is essential for preventing their progression. Biomaterials with superior properties enable dental therapies with applications in restoration, therapeutic drug/protein delivery, and tissue regeneration. Graphene nanomaterials have many unique mechanical and physiochemical properties and can respond to the complex oral microenvironment, which includes oral microbiota colonization and high masticatory force. Research on graphene nanomaterials in dentistry, especially in caries, periodontitis therapy, and implant coatings, is progressing rapidly. Here, we review the development of graphene and its derivatives for dental disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (C.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China;
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (C.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Leng Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (L.W.)
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24
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Qin S, Lu Z, Gan K, Qiao C, Li B, Chen T, Gao Y, Jiang L, Liu H. Construction of a
BMP
‐2 gene delivery system for polyetheretherketone bone implant material and its effect on bone formation in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:2075-2088. [PMID: 35398972 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qin
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Zhengkuan Lu
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Kang Gan
- Department of Stomatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Chunyan Qiao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Baosheng Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Tianjie Chen
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Yunbo Gao
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun China
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25
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Chen J, Cao G, Li L, Cai Q, Dunne N, Li X. Modification of polyether ether ketone for the repairing of bone defects. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35395651 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac65cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone damage as a consequence of disease or trauma is a common global occurrence. For bone damage treatment - bone implant materials are necessary across three classifications of surgical intervention (i.e. fixation, repair, and replacement). Many types of bone implant materials have been developed to meet the requirements of bone repair. Among them, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been considered as one of the next generation of bone implant materials, owing to its advantages related to good biocompatibility, chemical stability, X-ray permeability, elastic modulus comparable to natural bone, as well as the ease of processing and modification. However, as PEEK is a naturally bioinert material, some modification is needed to improve its integration with adjacent bones after implantation. Therefore, it has become a very hot topic of biomaterials research and various strategies for the modification of PEEK including blending, 3D printing, coating, chemical modification and the introduction of bioactive and/or antibacterial substances have been proposed. In this systematic review, the recent advances in modification of PEEK and its application prospect as bone implants are summarized, and the remaining challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Chen
- Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, CHINA
| | - Guangxiu Cao
- Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, CHINA
| | - Linhao Li
- Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, CHINA
| | - Qiang Cai
- Tsinghua University Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 30 shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, Beijing, 100084, CHINA
| | - Nicholas Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Dublin, D09, IRELAND
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, CHINA
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26
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Yu D, Lei X, Zhu H. Modification of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) physical features to improve osteointegration. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:189-203. [PMID: 35261215 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely applied in orthopedics because of its excellent mechanical properties, radiolucency, and biocompatibility. However, the bioinertness and poor osteointegration of PEEK have greatly limited its further application. Growing evidence proves that physical factors of implants, including their architecture, surface morphology, stiffness, and mechanical stimulation, matter as much as the composition of their surface chemistry. This review focuses on the multiple strategies for the physical modification of PEEK implants through adjusting their architecture, surface morphology, and stiffness. Many research findings show that transforming the architecture and incorporating reinforcing fillers into PEEK can affect both its mechanical strength and cellular responses. Modified PEEK surfaces at the macro scale and micro/nano scale have positive effects on cell-substrate interactions. More investigations are necessary to reach consensus on the optimal design of PEEK implants and to explore the efficiency of various functional implant surfaces. Soft-tissue integration has been ignored, though evidence shows that physical modifications also improve the adhesion of soft tissue. In the future, ideal PEEK implants should have a desirable topological structure with better surface hydrophilicity and optimum surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyue Lei
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huiyong Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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27
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Wang T, Bai J, Lu M, Huang C, Geng D, Chen G, Wang L, Qi J, Cui W, Deng L. Engineering immunomodulatory and osteoinductive implant surfaces via mussel adhesion-mediated ion coordination and molecular clicking. Nat Commun 2022; 13:160. [PMID: 35013289 PMCID: PMC8748715 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune response and new tissue formation are important aspects of tissue repair. However, only a single aspect is generally considered in previous biomedical interventions, and the synergistic effect is unclear. Here, a dual-effect coating with immobilized immunomodulatory metal ions (e.g., Zn2+) and osteoinductive growth factors (e.g., BMP-2 peptide) is designed via mussel adhesion-mediated ion coordination and molecular clicking strategy. Compared to the bare TiO2 group, Zn2+ can increase M2 macrophage recruitment by up to 92.5% in vivo and upregulate the expression of M2 cytokine IL-10 by 84.5%; while the dual-effect of Zn2+ and BMP-2 peptide can increase M2 macrophages recruitment by up to 124.7% in vivo and upregulate the expression of M2 cytokine IL-10 by 171%. These benefits eventually significantly enhance bone-implant mechanical fixation (203.3 N) and new bone ingrowth (82.1%) compared to the bare TiO2 (98.6 N and 45.1%, respectively). Taken together, the dual-effect coating can be utilized to synergistically modulate the osteoimmune microenvironment at the bone-implant interface, enhancing bone regeneration for successful implantation. Immune response and new tissue formation are important aspects of tissue repair but often only one aspect is considered in biomedical interventions. Here, the authors report on the use of a mussel-like surface coating to immobilize immune modulating metal ions and growth factors and demonstrated improved in vivo outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 85 Wujin Road, 200080, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, 314000, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Huang
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, 314000, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, 314000, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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28
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Immunomodulatory Properties and Osteogenic Activity of Polyetheretherketone Coated with Titanate Nanonetwork Structures. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020612. [PMID: 35054795 PMCID: PMC8775651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a potential substitute for conventional metallic biomedical implants owing to its superior mechanical and chemical properties, as well as biocompatibility. However, its inherent bio-inertness and poor osseointegration limit its use in clinical applications. Herein, thin titanium films were deposited on the PEEK substrate by plasma sputtering, and porous nanonetwork structures were incorporated on the PEEK surface by alkali treatment (PEEK-TNS). Changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the PEEK surface were analyzed to establish the interactions with cell behaviors. The osteoimmunomodulatory properties were evaluated using macrophage cells and osteoblast lineage cells. The functionalized nanostructured surface of PEEK-TNS effectively promoted initial cell adhesion and proliferation, suppressed inflammatory responses, and induced macrophages to anti-inflammatory M2 polarization. Compared with PEEK, PEEK-TNS provided a more beneficial osteoimmune environment, including increased levels of osteogenic, angiogenic, and fibrogenic gene expression, and balanced osteoclast activities. Furthermore, the crosstalk between macrophages and osteoblast cells showed that PEEK-TNS could provide favorable osteoimmunodulatory environment for bone regeneration. PEEK-TNS exhibited high osteogenic activity, as indicated by alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic factor production, and the osteogenesis/osteoclastogenesis-related gene expression of osteoblasts. The study establishes that the fabrication of titanate nanonetwork structures on PEEK surfaces could extract an adequate immune response and favorable osteogenesis for functional bone regeneration. Furthermore, it indicates the potential of PEEK-TNS in implant applications.
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Flejszar M, Chmielarz P, Gießl M, Wolski K, Smenda J, Zapotoczny S, Cölfen H. A new opportunity for the preparation of PEEK-based bone implant materials: From SARA ATRP to photo-ATRP. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Qin W, Ma J, Liang Q, Li J, Tang B. Tribological, cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties of graphene oxide/carbon fibers/polyetheretherketone composite coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy as orthopedic/dental implants. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 122:104659. [PMID: 34229171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, graphene oxide/carbon fibers/polyetheretherketone (GO/CF/PEEK) composite coatings on Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) alloy were fabricated by electrostatic powder spraying method. The coatings with 0.02 wt% GO and 25 wt% CF were made to improve the wear resistance, cytocompatibility and antibacterial properties of the TC4 as orthopedic/dental implants. The physicochemical properties involving coating thickness, Vickers hardness, micromorphology, phase structures and contact angles were investigated. The results indicated that the GO/CF/PEEK coatings can significantly decrease the coefficient of friction (COF) (from 0.433 ± 0.017 to 0.085 ± 0.008) and enhance the wear resistance of TC4 alloy during the wet friction process in sliding contact with a Si3N4 ball. The results showed that few scratches appeared on the GO/CF/PEEK coating. As the in vitro cytotoxicity test by murine fibroblast L929 cells shown, the GO/CF/PEEK coating revealed good cytocompatibility. More importantly, GO/CF/PEEK coating exhibited excellent suppression toward Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) owing to the antibacterial nature of GO. Therefore, the GO/CF/PEEK composite coated TC4 could be considered as a prospective orthopedic/dental implant material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Qian Liang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jingdan Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Bin Tang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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31
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Frączyk J, Magdziarz S, Stodolak-Zych E, Dzierzkowska E, Puchowicz D, Kamińska I, Giełdowska M, Boguń M. Chemical Modification as a Method of Improving Biocompatibility of Carbon Nonwovens. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123198. [PMID: 34200740 PMCID: PMC8230386 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It was shown that carbon nonwoven fabrics obtained from polyacrylonitrile fibers (PAN) by thermal conversion may be modified on the surface in order to improve their biological compatibility and cellular response, which is particularly important in the regeneration of bone or cartilage tissue. Surface functionalization of carbon nonwovens containing C–C double bonds was carried out using in situ generated diazonium salts derived from aromatic amines containing both electron-acceptor and electron-donor substituents. It was shown that the modification method characteristic for materials containing aromatic structures may be successfully applied to the functionalization of carbon materials. The effectiveness of the surface modification of carbon nonwoven fabrics was confirmed by the FTIR method using an ATR device. The proposed approach allows the incorporation of various functional groups on the nonwovens’ surface, which affects the morphology of fibers as well as their physicochemical properties (wettability). The introduction of a carboxyl group on the surface of nonwoven fabrics, in a reaction with 4-aminobenzoic acid, became a starting point for further modifications necessary for the attachment of RGD-type peptides facilitating cell adhesion to the surface of materials. The surface modification reduced the wettability (θ) of the carbon nonwoven by about 50%. The surface free energy (SFE) in the chemically modified and reference nonwovens remained similar, with the surface modification causing an increase in the polar component (ɣp). The modification of the fiber surface was heterogeneous in nature; however, it provided an attractive site of cell–materials interaction by contacting them to the fiber surface, which supports the adhesion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Frączyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Sylwia Magdziarz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stodolak-Zych
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-UST University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (E.S.-Z.); (E.D.)
| | - Ewa Dzierzkowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-UST University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (E.S.-Z.); (E.D.)
| | - Dorota Puchowicz
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Textile Research Institute, Brzezińska 5/15, 92-103 Lodz, Poland; (D.P.); (I.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Irena Kamińska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Textile Research Institute, Brzezińska 5/15, 92-103 Lodz, Poland; (D.P.); (I.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Giełdowska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Textile Research Institute, Brzezińska 5/15, 92-103 Lodz, Poland; (D.P.); (I.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Maciej Boguń
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Textile Research Institute, Brzezińska 5/15, 92-103 Lodz, Poland; (D.P.); (I.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (M.B.)
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Gu X, Sun X, Sun Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Yu K, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Bioinspired Modifications of PEEK Implants for Bone Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:631616. [PMID: 33511108 PMCID: PMC7835420 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.631616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been increasingly employed as an implant material in clinical applications. Although PEEK is biocompatible, chemically stable, and radiolucent and has an elastic modulus similar to that of natural bone, it suffers from poor integration with surrounding bone tissue after implantation. To improve the bioactivity of PEEK, numerous strategies for functionalizing the PEEK surface and changing the PEEK structure have been proposed. Inspired by the components, structure, and function of bone tissue, this review discusses strategies to enhance the biocompatibility of PEEK implants and provides direction for fabricating multifunctional implants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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