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Zhan J, Li L, Cao Z, Sheng G, Lou W, Sheng L, Yao L. Effect of fit and self-etching adhesive on fiber post retention in endodontically treated teeth. Technol Health Care 2024:THC241020. [PMID: 39240598 DOI: 10.3233/thc-241020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fiber post (FP) reinforced restoration was widespread in endodontically treated teeth, of which the retention was closely related to fit and operation process. However, the question whether the fit and self-etching adhesive (SED) affect the success of FP restoration still remained unclear. OBJECTIVE This research aimed to assess how the fit and self-etching adhesive (SED) impact the pull-out bond strength (BS) of glass fiber-reinforced composite posts from the root canal dentin. METHODS Eighty lower first premolars underwent simulated endodontic treatment, after which their canals were shaped to accommodate a size three RelyX fiber post (FP) (diameter 1.9 mm). They were then divided into 4 equal groups [Unfit post and no SEA (Group UN), Fit post and no SEA (Group FN), Unfit post with SEA (Group UA) and Fit post with SEA (Group FA)] using two different sized FPs and SEA. Cement thickness was acquired by histological analysis and stereomicroscopy. Each sample was tested for pull-out strength through a universal testing machine. Based on the pull-out test, the failure types were observed and scored by visualizing through a stereomicroscope. RESULTS Group FA demonstrated significantly greater BS compared to Group UN and Group UA, with Group UN showing a statistically significant difference at p< 0.01 and Group UA at p< 0.05. Main failure types in Group FA were Type II, which illustrated that the cement detachment mainly occurred from the post-cement interface. Therefore, Group FA possessed the STRONGEST BS and was most suitable for FP-reinforced crown restorations. CONCLUSIONS Both the fit and SEA enhanced the pull-out BS. The SEA was critical for BS promotion when the mechanical retention was inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhan
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoan Sheng
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Weiwei Lou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang Universiry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lieping Sheng
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Litao Yao
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Figueiredo PS, Spazzin AO, Bacchi A, Alessandretti R. Effect of preheating and ultrasound application of resin-based luting agents on the failure load of a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. J Prosthodont 2024; 33:396-401. [PMID: 37300878 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effect of preheating resin-based materials and ultrasound application on the failure load of a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety ceramic specimens were produced (14×12×1.0 mm) and divided into 9 groups (n = 10) to be bonded to a dentin analog (Nema G10) with light-cured luting agent (LC), flowable resin composite (FL), and supra-nano filled resin composite (SN), as follows: LC/R - LC at room temperature; LC/P - preheated LC; LC/P/U - preheated LC and Ultrasound; FL/R - FL at room temperature; FL/P - preheated FL; FL/P/U - preheated FL and Ultrasound; SN/R - SN at room temperature; SN/P - preheated SN; SN/P/U - preheated SN and Ultrasound. The failure load test was performed in a universal testing machine with the aid of acoustic detection. The data was analyzed with two-way ANOVA (for failure load) and Weibull statistics (Weibull modulus - m and characteristic strength, based on 95% confidence intervals - CI). RESULTS The analyses of failure load revealed no statistically significant difference among groups considering the type of luting agent (P = 0.075; F = 2,673), the application method (P = 0.772; F = 2,259), and the interaction between them (P = 0.297; F = 1,248). The characteristic strength did not show differences among groups (95% CI). The m, which indicates structural reliability, showed lower values for SN/P/U and SN/P, with a difference from other selected groups (95% CI). CONCLUSION Preheating of resin-based materials and ultrasound application did not affect the failure load of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Lower reliability was observed with supra-nano filled resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aloísio Oro Spazzin
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Atitus Education, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Atais Bacchi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry (FACPP), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alessandretti
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Atitus Education, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Birk L, Rener-Sitar K, Benčina M, Junkar I. Dental silicate ceramics surface modification by nonthermal plasma: A systematic review. Dent Mater 2024; 40:531-545. [PMID: 38281846 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nonthermal atmospheric or low-pressure plasma (NTP) can improve the surface characteristics of dental materials without affecting their bulk properties. This study aimed to systematically review the available scientific evidence on the effectiveness of using NTP for the surface treatment of etchable, silica-based dental ceramics before cementation, and elucidate its potential to replace the hazardous and technically demanding protocol of hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching. METHODS A valid search query was developed with the help of PubMed's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) vocabulary thesaurus and translated to three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to an adapted version of the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS). RESULTS Thirteen in vitro study reports published between 2008 and 2023 were selected for the qualitative and quantitative data synthesis. The implemented methodologies were diverse, comprising 19 different plasma treatment protocols with various device settings. Argon, helium, oxygen, or atmospheric air plasma may significantly increase the wettability and roughness of silicate ceramics by plasma cleaning, etching, and activation, but the treatment generally results in inferior bond strength values after cementation compared to those achieved with HF etching. The technically demanding protocol of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was employed more commonly, in which the surface deposition of hexamethyl disiloxane with subsequent oxygen plasma activation proved the most promising, yielding bond strengths comparable to those of the positive control. Lack of power analysis, missing adequate control, absence of examiner blinding, and non-performance of specimen aging were common methodological frailties that contributed most to the increase in bias risk (mean MINORS score 15.3 ± 1.1). SIGNIFICANCE NTP can potentially improve the adhesive surface characteristics of dental silicate ceramics in laboratory conditions, but the conventional protocol of HF etching still performs better in terms of the resin-ceramic bond strength and longevity. More preclinical research is needed to determine the optimal NTP treatment settings and assess the aging of plasma-treated ceramic surfaces in atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Birk
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ksenija Rener-Sitar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Prosthodontics, University Dental Clinics, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Ita Junkar
- Institut "Jožef Stefan", Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Tang T, Suputtamongkol K, Harnirattisai C, Neoh SP, Pongprueksa P. Interfacial fracture toughness of different surface treatments on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:835-843. [PMID: 37880135 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of different surface treatments on unfiring or firing zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) glass-ceramics. Celtra Duo and IPS e.max CAD blocks were cut and process following manufacturer protocols. The specimen surface was treated with seven different protocols. Two ceramic blocks with the same surface treatment were bonded with luting agent and prepared for mini-interfacial fracture toughness tests (mini-iFT). The specimens were tested after 1-week storage. The data was statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Dunnett's T3 comparison (α=0.05). The highest mini-iFT of both Celtra Duo unfired and fired was shown in the HF+S group, which was not significantly different from HF+S+UA. For IPS e.max CAD, the mini-iFT was higher in the groups treated with hydrofluoric acid. Additional adhesive after silane application did not significantly improve bonding effectiveness. Therefore, surface treatment with hydrofluoric acid and silane is recommended for both unfiring and firing ZLS glass ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Tang
- Dental Biomaterials Science (International Programme), Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University
| | | | | | - Siew Peng Neoh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| | - Pong Pongprueksa
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
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Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Bergamo ETP, Gierthmuehlen PC, Lopes ACO, Alves LMM, Benalcázar Jalkh EB, Zahoui A, Coelho PG, de Carvalho AM, Bonfante EA. In vitro assessment of the effect of luting agents, abutment height, and fatigue on the retention of zirconia crowns luted to titanium base implant abutments. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:739.e1-739.e8. [PMID: 37684141 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The bonding of implant-supported prostheses is determined by abutment material, convergence angle, height, surface treatment, and luting agents. However, studies evaluating the bonding of luting agents to titanium base abutments with different heights under fatigue conditions are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the retention of zirconia crowns bonded with different luting agents to titanium base abutments of different heights before and after fatigue testing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Zirconia crowns were designed, milled, and distributed into 4 experimental groups according to the luting agents (G-Multi Primer/G-Cem LinkForce [MP/GC] and Scotchbond Universal/RelyX Ultimate [SU/RU]) and titanium base abutment heights (2.5 mm and 4 mm) (n=10). Pull-out testing was performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until crown displacement. Fatigue testing was performed by an electric precision fatigue simulator (1×106 cycles; 100 N; and 15 Hz), followed by pull-out testing of fatigued specimens. Collected data were statistically evaluated by using a linear mixed model after post hoc comparisons by the least significant difference test (α=.05). RESULTS Luting agents, abutment heights, and fatigue influenced the bonding retention of zirconia crowns to titanium base abutments. SU/RU agents promoted higher pull-out compared with MP/GC for both abutment heights before and after fatigue. Higher abutment height increased pull-out regarding lower abutment height for SU/RU materials before and after fatigue testing. Although fatigue had no significant effect on the pull-out of MP/GC, lower bond retention was observed for SU/RU after fatigue, regardless of abutment height. CONCLUSIONS Luting agent composition and the interaction with abutment height and fatigue influenced the retention of zirconia crowns to titanium base abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrico B Strazzi-Sahyon
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Edmara T P Bergamo
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Postdoctoral Researcher, Biomaterials Division, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Petra C Gierthmuehlen
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adolfo C O Lopes
- Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa M M Alves
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ernesto B Benalcázar Jalkh
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Abbas Zahoui
- Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Alexandre M de Carvalho
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Liao Y, Lombardo SJ, Yu Q. Argon Plasma Treatment Effects on the Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Lithium Disilicate with Dental Resin Cements. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5376. [PMID: 37570079 PMCID: PMC10419607 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The low bond strength of lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics to dental resin cements remains a critical issue for dental applications because it leads to frequent replacement and causes tooth tissue destruction and consumption. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of atmospheric non-thermal argon plasma (NTP) treatment on LD to improve its micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) with dental resin cements because LD mostly experiences shear stress for its commonly used dental applications as crowns or veneers. Argon plasma treatment was performed on hydrofluoric (HF) acid-etched LD surfaces, and then commercial resin cements were subsequently applied to the treated LD surfaces. The plasma treatment significantly reduced the water contact angle of the LD surface to less than 10° without changing the surface morphology. The μSBS test was performed with cement-bonded LD samples after 24 h and 30 days, as well as after 1000 cycles of thermal cycling. The test results show that, as compared with the untreated controls, 300 s of plasma treatment significantly improved the LD-resin cement bond strength by 59.1%. After 30 days of storage in DI water and 1000 cycles of thermal cycling, the plasma-treated LD samples show 84.2% and 44.8% higher bond strengths as compared to the control samples, respectively. The plasma treatment effect on LD surfaces diminished rapidly as the bond strength decreased to 25.5 MPa after aging in the air for 1 day prior to primer and cement application, suggesting that primers should be applied to the LD surfaces immediately after the plasma treatment. These results demonstrate that, when applied with caution, plasma treatment can activate LD surfaces and significantly improve the SBS of LD with dental resin cements in both short-term and long-term periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Liao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, E3411 Lafferre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.L.); (S.J.L.)
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Stephen J. Lombardo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, E3411 Lafferre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.L.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Qingsong Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, E3411 Lafferre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.L.); (S.J.L.)
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Bjelopavlovic M, Weyhrauch M, Scheller H, Wentaschek S, Lehmann KM. Retentive Strength of CAD/CAM-Fabricated All-Ceramic Crowns Luted on Titanium Implant Abutments Using Different Ceramic Materials and Luting Agents: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6968. [PMID: 36234309 PMCID: PMC9571208 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the retentive strength of monolithic hybrid-all-ceramic crowns luted on titanium implant abutments. Material and Methods: In total, 450 crowns (75 each of Mark II, Empress CAD, e.max CAD, Suprinity, Enamic, Celtra Duo) were milled using a CAD/CAM system. The crowns were cemented onto sandblasted titanium implant abutments using five luting agents (Multilink Implant, Variolink II, RelyX Unicem, Fujicem, and Panavia 2.0). After thermocycling was performed (5000 cycles: 5−55 °C, 30-s dwell time), the crowns were removed using a universal testing machine. The location of luting-agent residue on the abutment and inner crown surfaces was evaluated. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) with the Bonferroni correction were performed to evaluate differences of retentive strength depending on the crown material and the kind of the luting agent. Results: The retentive strengths for the different ceramic materials were Vita Mark II: 652N-759N (SD:134N-146N), Empress CAD: 681N-822N (SD: 89N-146N), e.max CAD: 784N-1044N (SD: 109N-176N), Vita Enamic: 716N-1177N (SD: 132N-220N), Vita Suprinity: 867N-1488N (SD: 202N-278N), and Celtra Duo 772N-1335N (SD:151N-229N). After the removal trials, the visual documentation showed different adhesive residue location depending on the ceramic materials. Furthermore, the pull-off force was dependent on the choice of adhesives. No significant differences were found between different luting agents and the ceramic material Vita Mark II and Empress CAD. EmaxCAD showed significant differences with Unicem and FujiCem compared to Panavia, as did VitaSuprinity, VitaEnamic, and Celtra Duo (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The ceramic material used seems to influence the retentive strength and the use of certain luting agents results in a higher retentive strength for some ceramic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bjelopavlovic
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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