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Albucker SJ, Conway J, Lipner SR. Nails in older adults. Ann Med 2024; 56:2336989. [PMID: 38738374 PMCID: PMC11095289 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2336989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world's population of adults greater than 60 years old continues to increase, it is important to manage nail disorders that may impact their daily lives. Nail disorders may have significant impact on quality of life due to decreased functionality, extreme pain, or social embarrassment. In this review, we discuss nail disorders affecting older patients, including physiologic, traumatic, drug-induced, infectious, environmental, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions. Diagnosis of these conditions involves a detailed history, physical examination of all 20 nails, and depending on the condition, a nail clipping or biopsy and/or diagnostic imaging. Nails grow even more slowly in older adults compared to younger individuals, and therefore it is important for accurate diagnosis, and avoidance of inappropriate management and delay of treatment. Increased awareness of nail pathologies may help recognition and management of nail conditions in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Jo Albucker
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jade Conway
- Department of Dermatology, NY Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Shari R. Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Mohta A, Sarkar R. Lacosamide-induced haemorrhagic onychomadesis with 'rising sun appearance'. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2024; 0:1-4. [PMID: 38841936 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1269_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alpana Mohta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sharda Multispeciality Clinic, Xray Lane, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rashmi Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Hospitals, New Delhi, India
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3
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Abstract
Nail conditions are not only aesthetic concerns, and nail changes may be a clue to an underlying systemic diseases or infection. Without timely treatment, nail diseases can continue to worsen and significantly impair performance of daily activities and reduce quality of life. Examination of the nails is essential at every medical visit, and may uncover important findings. Brittle nail syndrome, onychomycosis, paronychia, nail psoriasis, longitudinal melanonychia, Beau's lines, onychomadesis and retronychia are common nail disorders seen in clinical practice. These conditions stem from infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic and traumatic aetiologies. Though each nail condition presents with its own distinct characteristics, the clinical findings may overlap between different conditions, resulting in misdiagnosis and treatment delays. Patients can present with nail plate changes (e.g. hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, pitting), discolouration, pain and inflammation. The diagnostic work-up of nail disease should include a detailed history and clinical examination of all 20 nail units. Dermoscopy, diagnostic imaging and histopathologic and mycological analyses may be necessary for diagnosis. Nail findings concerning for malignancy should be promptly referred to a dermatologist for evaluation and biopsy. Nail disease management requires a targeted treatment approach. Treatments include topical and/or systemic medications, discontinuation of offending drugs or surgical intervention, depending on the condition. Patient education on proper nail care and techniques to minimize further damage to the affected nails is also important. This article serves to enhance familiarity of the most common nail disorders seen in clinical practice. It will highlight the key clinical manifestations, systematic approaches to diagnosis and treatment options for each nail condition to improve diagnosis and management of nail diseases, as well as patient outcomes.Key messagesNail disease is not only a cosmetic issue, as nail changes can indicate the presence of a serious underlying systemic disease, infection or malignancy.Nail pain and changes associated with NP are physically and emotionally distressing and may contribute to functional impairment and diminished quality of life.LM is a hallmark sign of subungual melanoma and this finding warrants further investigation to rule out malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra K Lee
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine New York, NY, USA
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Khunger N, Mittal S, Kataria S. Nail changes with chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies. Indian Dermatol Online J 2022; 13:13-22. [PMID: 35198463 PMCID: PMC8809183 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_801_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients on Cancer chemotherapeutic agents often develop nail changes most of which are only cosmetic concern and disappear on drug withdrawal. But some nail changes can be painful and disabling thereby affecting quality of life substantially. Different components of the nail unit include the nail matrix, nail bed, nail plate, the hyponychium, lunula, the proximal and lateral nail folds. In this article we review the nail changes induced by chemotherapeutics and targeted anticancer drugs, preventive measures and treatment options available.
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Özçelik S, Kılıç FA. Effects of ısotretinoin on the growth rate and thickness of the nail plate. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:1258-1262. [PMID: 33950558 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isotretinoin has various effects on nails. However, the mechanism of how isotretinoin affects the nail plate is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of isotretinoin on morphology, growth rate, and thickness of the nail plate. METHODS A total of 70 acne vulgaris patients treated with isotretinoin and a control group consisting of 68 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Isotretinoin treatment was started at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg per day. Nail changes were noted; length and thickness of the nail plate were measured in all participants every month. RESULTS The medians of nail growth rates in the isotretinoin and control groups were 3.16 (2.87-3.57) mm/month and 2.89 (2.56-3.19) mm/month, respectively. The medians of nail thickness in the isotretinoin and control groups were 0.47 (0.38-0.53) mm and 0.50 (0.40-0.65) mm, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of nail growth rate and thickness (P < 0.01, P = 0.02, respectively). Nail findings were observed in nine out of 70 patients (12.8%), mostly onychoschizia. CONCLUSION Isotretinoin gradually increases the nail growth rate and thins the nail plate over time during the course of isotretinoin treatment. Dermatologists prescribing isotretinoin should also consider the nail changes, which may impact the life quality of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Özçelik
- Department of Dermatology, Balıkesir University Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Fatma A Kılıç
- Department of Dermatology, Balıkesir University Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir, Turkey
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6
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Abstract
Melanonychia has many causes and can involve one or several fingernails or toenails, and may occur at any age. Dermoscopy is used routinely in the evaluation of a pigmented nail. If pigmentation is caused by melanin produced by nail matrix, identify whether the pigmentation is caused by an activation or proliferation of nail melanocytes. When melanocytic proliferation is suspected, biopsy with histopathologic examination is the gold standard for diagnosis and is recommended when a longitudinal melanonychia occurs in an adult and is localized in a single digit, in the absence of local or systemic causes that may explain its onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Alessandrini
- Department of Specialised Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy.
| | - Emi Dika
- Department of Specialised Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Michela Starace
- Department of Specialised Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Marco Adriano Chessa
- Department of Specialised Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Department of Specialised Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy
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7
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Brans R, Uter W, John SM, Hougaard Foss-Skiftesvik M. Occupational Contact Dermatitis: Hairdressers. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ricardo JW, Chikeka I, Silvers DN, Lipner SR. Longitudinal melanonychia and skin hyperpigmentation associated with hydroxychloroquine therapy. JAAD Case Rep 2020; 7:23-25. [PMID: 33318996 PMCID: PMC7727290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jose W Ricardo
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ijeuru Chikeka
- Department of Pathology, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - David N Silvers
- Department of Dermatology, Section Dermatopathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Piao C, Aronowitz PB. Beau's Toes. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:2467. [PMID: 32468432 PMCID: PMC7403256 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-05883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Piao
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4150 V street, Suite 1100, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Paul B Aronowitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4150 V street, Suite 1100, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
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Saraswat N, Sood A, Verma R, Kumar D, Kumar S. Nail Changes Induced by Chemotherapeutic Agents. Indian J Dermatol 2020; 65:193-198. [PMID: 32565559 PMCID: PMC7292457 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_37_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Nail toxicity is a relatively uncommon cutaneous adverse effect of chemotherapeutic agents. Rapidly dividing cells of the nail matrix are perturbed by the antimitotic activity of these agents. Although most of these changes are cosmetic and regress once the therapy is completed, a few of these adverse effects are challenging to manage and require temporary or permanent suspension of chemotherapeutic agents. Materials and Methods: A total of 205 patients with various malignancies and under chemotherapy in oncology ward of the hospital over a period of 3 months were screened for nail involvement postchemotherapy. Relevant details, protocol of chemotherapeutic agents were assessed. Nail examination was carried out in daylight and the changes were analyzed. Results: A total of 124 (60.4%) patients had nail changes due to chemotherapeutic agents. The most common change was diffuse hyperpigmentation in 101 (81.4%) patients commonly due to a combination of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin in 43 (42.5%) patients. Longitudinal melanonychia was seen in 36 (29%), Beau's lines in 31 (25%), onychomadesis in 17 (13.7%), Mees' lines in 15 (12%), paronychia in 12 (9.6%), subungual hyperkeratosis in 10 (8%), and Muehrcke's lines in 4 (3.2%) patients. All the patients who developed Muehrcke's lines were on a combination of cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/5 FU. Exudative onycholysis was observed in 2 (1.6%) patients; both these patients were on paclitaxel therapy. A total 2 (1.6%) patients who developed exudative onycholysis were advised discontinuation and another substitute chemotherapy was advised. Therapy for 2 (1.6%) patients who developed acute paronychia due to gefitinib was temporarily suspended. Unfortunately, most of the patients were on multiple chemotherapeutic agents hence, we could not pinpoint one drug as a cause. Therefore, a combination of agents was implicated in most cases. Conclusion: Nail toxicities are common with chemotherapeutic agents, however less importance is given to nail involvement. Apart from being cosmetically significant, a few adverse effects may warrant modification of the chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neerja Saraswat
- Department of Dermatology, Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, Delhi, India
| | - Aradhana Sood
- Department of Dermatology, Base Hospital, Lucknow Cantt, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Dhramesh Kumar
- Commandant, Military Hospital, Jodhapur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, MLN Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mehta RD, Trivedi M, Kumar HS, Ghiya BC, Soni P, Meena M, Kumar V, Rekha S. Nail changes caused by chemotherapy among cancer patients: A cross-sectional study of northwest rajasthan. Indian Dermatol Online J 2020; 11:953-958. [PMID: 33344346 PMCID: PMC7734979 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_84_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Faruk Elmas
- Department of Dermatology, Ahi Evran University School of Medicine, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Akdeniz
- Department of Dermatology, İstanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Zawar V, Bondarde S, Pawar M, Sankalecha S. Nail changes due to chemotherapy: a prospective observational study of 129 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1398-1404. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Zawar
- Department of Dermatology MVP's Dr.Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Nashik India
| | - S. Bondarde
- Shatabdi Multispecialty Hospital Nashik India
| | - M. Pawar
- Department of Dermatology MVP's Dr.Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Nashik India
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Feng CW, Chen HC, Lu CC. Mycophenolic acid-induced onychomadesis: An easily ignorable adverse effect in patients with rheumatic diseases. Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 22:753-755. [PMID: 30864261 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chen
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Lu
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Brans R, Uter W, John SM, Hougaard Foss-Skiftesvik M. Occupational Contact Dermatitis: Hairdressers. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_76-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Zhang S, Liu X, Cai L, Zhang J, Zhou C. Longitudinal melanonychia and subungual hemorrhage in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with hydroxychloroquine. Lupus 2018; 28:129-132. [PMID: 30428763 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318812685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial agent, most commonly prescribed in the treatment of several rheumatic diseases. Although generally well tolerated, a variety of mucocutaneous adverse effects have been reported. Besides the familiar adverse effects, longitudinal melanonychia is rarely seen. Although the incidence is extremely low, systemic lupus erythematosus may also cause nail pigmentation in its own right. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus and presented with longitudinal melanonychia of all 10 fingernails after 3 years of treatment with hydroxychloroquine, without mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation. The pigment of the nail lasted for more than 15 years. To the best of our knowledge, this is first published report of hydroxychloroquine-induced melanonychia without mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation. This case demonstrates that hydroxychloroquine treatment and the primary disease should be considered in the case of multiple nail changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - L Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Capriotti K, Capriotti J, Pelletier J, Stewart K. Chemotherapy-associated paronychia treated with 2% povidone-iodine: a series of cases. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:225-228. [PMID: 28721095 PMCID: PMC5500570 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s139301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nail changes are known to occur during the use of chemotherapy for a variety of malignancies, particularly those treated with taxanes and EGFR inhibitors. There are currently no actively recruiting prospective clinical trials investigating potential treatments. There are also no US Food and Drug Administration-approved medical treatments for chemotherapy-associated paronychia and no consensus on the best way to treat these common chemotherapy-induced events. Methods A retrospective review of all cases presenting to a single dermatology private practice from June 2016 to January 2017 identified nine patients with chemotherapy-associated paronychia seeking treatment. Each patient was prescribed a topical solution comprised of 2% povidone–iodine in a dimethylsulfoxide vehicle that was prepared by a licensed compounding pharmacy. Patients were seen at 3 week and 6 week follow-up visits. Results All 9/9 patients demonstrated complete or partial resolution. The number of nails involved for each patient ranged from 4–12. There were a total of 58 nails affected in the case series, and 44/58 (76%) resolved overall. The treatment was well tolerated. Conclusion The topical povidone–iodine/dimethylsufoxide solution described is very effective in alleviating the signs and symptoms of paronychia associated with chemotherapy. This novel combination warrants further investigation in randomized, controlled trials to further elucidate its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Capriotti
- Veloce BioPharma LLC, Fort Lauderdale, FL.,Bryn Mawr Skin and Cancer Institute, Rosemont, PA
| | - Joseph Capriotti
- Veloce BioPharma LLC, Fort Lauderdale, FL.,Plessen Ophthalmology Consultants, Christiansted, VI, USA
| | - Jesse Pelletier
- Veloce BioPharma LLC, Fort Lauderdale, FL.,Plessen Ophthalmology Consultants, Christiansted, VI, USA
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Veloce BioPharma LLC, Fort Lauderdale, FL.,Plessen Ophthalmology Consultants, Christiansted, VI, USA
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Cohen O, Sharma S. Sterile matrix grafting for onycholysis in the setting of valproic acid use. JAAD Case Rep 2016; 1:356-8. [PMID: 27051779 PMCID: PMC4809373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Cohen
- Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sheel Sharma
- Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
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Beau lines, onychomadesis, and retronychia: A unifying hypothesis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015; 73:849-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Capriotti K, Capriotti JA. Chemotherapy-associated paronychia treated with a dilute povidone-iodine/dimethylsulfoxide preparation. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2015; 8:489-91. [PMID: 26445556 PMCID: PMC4590550 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s90542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Nail changes associated with chemotherapy in general, and particularly with taxane and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-based regimens, are common presentations in our clinical population. Currently, there are no consensuses about therapies supported by clinical trials nor are there any US Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for this indication. Findings A 42-year-old woman with stage 2A breast cancer presented to our clinic with chemotherapy-induced paronychia. Symptoms were severe enough that cessation of chemotherapy was being considered. The patient’s chemotherapy regimen included doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and docetaxel. Conclusion The topical povidone-iodine/dimethylsulfoxide system is very effective in alleviating the signs and symptoms of severe paronychia associated with chemotherapy. This novel combination warrants further investigation in randomized, controlled trials to further elucidate its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Capriotti
- ALC Therapeutics, LLC, Springhouse, PA, USA ; Bryn Mawr Skin and Cancer Institute, Rosemont, PA, USA
| | - Joseph A Capriotti
- ALC Therapeutics, LLC, Springhouse, PA, USA ; Plessen Ophthalmology Consultants, Christiansted, VI, USA
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Capriotti K, Capriotti J, Lessin S, Wu S, Goldfarb S, Belum V, Lacouture M. The risk of nail changes with taxane chemotherapy: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:842-5. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Capriotti
- Bryn Mawr Skin and Cancer Institute; Rosemont PA U.S.A
| | - J.A. Capriotti
- Ophthalmology Consultants PC; Juan F. Luis Hospital; Christiansted VI U.S.A
| | - S. Lessin
- Bryn Mawr Skin and Cancer Institute; Rosemont PA U.S.A
| | - S. Wu
- Division of Medical Oncology; Department of Medicine; State University of New York at Stony Brook; Stony Brook NY U.S.A
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; Department of Medicine; Northport VA Medical Center; Northport NY U.S.A
| | - S. Goldfarb
- Breast Cancer Medicine Service; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York NY U.S.A
| | - V.R. Belum
- Dermatology Service; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York NY U.S.A
| | - M.E. Lacouture
- Dermatology Service; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York NY U.S.A
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Abstract
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common self-limited viral illness seen in the United States and around the world. Its classic features are easily recognizable; however, nail changes are not well known or characterized. This case demonstrates onychomadesis and Beau lines in a child following clinical diagnosis of hand-foot-and-mouth disease. In this setting, nail dystrophies should be reassuring to pediatricians and families.
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Piraccini BM, Dika E, Fanti PA. Tips for diagnosis and treatment of nail pigmentation with practical algorithm. Dermatol Clin 2015; 33:185-95. [PMID: 25828711 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The observation of a black-brown pigmentation of the nail is often alarming for the patient and for the clinician, as they are aware that it can be a possible clinical manifestation of melanoma of the nail apparatus. Luckily, however, nail melanoma is a much less frequent cause of brown-black nail color than other melanocytic and nonmelanocytic pigmentations, which include subungual hematoma, exogenous pigmentations, and melanonychia due to benign conditions. A correct clinical history and careful examination help the clinician to distinguish the different conditions and to decide the correct management of melanonychia both in children and in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy.
| | - Emi Dika
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Pier Alessandro Fanti
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna 40138, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nail problems are common reasons for patients presenting to dermatological and general practitioners practices. PROBLEM Which nail diseases should be known and recognized in routine daily practice? MATERIAL AND METHODS This article presents the most common nail alterations experienced by the authors from clinics and routine practices with guidelines on the diagnostics, therapy and additional literature. RESULTS Nail alterations can be designated as inflammatory nail dermatoses or neoplasms. Depending on the local nail findings, clinical investigations, patient history, histology if necessary and additional procedures, concrete indications can be derived for the correct diagnosis and therapy. CONCLUSION Knowledge of the most commonly occurring nail diseases allows a targeted classification and additional diagnostics which can help to alleviate pain, improve aesthetics and adequately treat malignant alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lutz
- Hair & Nail, Postfach 130117, 53061, Bonn, Deutschland,
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26
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Abstract
The human fingernail contributes to the precise dexterity of the fingers, enhances sensibility, allows manipulation of fine objects, and shields the fingertip from traumatic injury. Nail abnormalities are a common incidental finding in the course of a hand surgeon's daily practice. These abnormalities may be clues to systemic, dermatologic, traumatic, and infectious processes that would benefit from further evaluation and treatment. The purpose of this review is to discuss common nail dystrophies and their related diagnoses.
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Shah RK, Uddin M, Fatunde OJ. Onychomadesis secondary to penicillin allergy in a child. J Pediatr 2012; 161:166. [PMID: 22424947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rikin K Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Science Center at Amarillo, Amarillo, Texas, USA
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Gin A, Gin D, Sinclair R. Metoprolol-induced psoriatic nail disease. Australas J Dermatol 2012; 54:59-60. [PMID: 22724586 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2012.00916.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe the development of psoriatic nail disease due to metoprolol in a 58-year-old woman who was being treated for cardiac arrhythmias. The nail condition was unresponsive to topical and systemic treatments but resolved completely with the withdrawal of metoprolol. The reaction recurred with drug rechallenge and resolved when the drug was ceased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gin
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Vic. 3050, Australia.
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Kim IS, Lee JW, Park KY, Li K, Seo SJ, Hong CK. Nail change after chemotherapy: simultaneous development of Beau's lines and Mees' lines. Ann Dermatol 2012; 24:238-9. [PMID: 22577285 PMCID: PMC3346925 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2012.24.2.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- In Su Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woong Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kapsok Li
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Kwun Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bettoli V, Zauli S, Toni G, Virgili A. Onychomadesis following hand, foot, and mouth disease: a case report from Italy and review of the literature. Int J Dermatol 2012; 52:728-30. [PMID: 22417170 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05287.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Bettoli
- Dermatology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Hospital Sant'Anna, University of Ferrara, Italy
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Onelmis H, Sener S, Sasmaz S, Ozer A. Cutaneous changes in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2012; 31:286-91. [DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2012.657726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rice RH, Xia Y, Alvarado RJ, Phinney BS. Proteomic analysis of human nail plate. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:6752-8. [PMID: 20939611 DOI: 10.1021/pr1009349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Shotgun proteomic analysis of the human nail plate identified 144 proteins in samples from Causcasian volunteers. The 30 identified proteins solubilized by detergent and reducing agent, 90% of the total nail plate mass, were primarily keratins and keratin associated proteins. Keratins comprised a majority of the detergent-insoluble fraction as well, but numerous cytoplasmic, membrane, and junctional proteins and histones were also identified, indicating broad use by transglutaminases of available proteins as substrates for cross-linking. Two novel membrane proteins were identified, also found in the hair shaft, for which mRNAs were detected only at very low levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction in other tissues. Parallel analyses of nail samples from volunteers from Inner Mongolia, China gave essentially the same protein profiles. Comparison of the profiles of nail plate and hair shaft from the latter volunteers revealed extensive overlap of protein constituents. Analyses of samples from an arsenic-exposed population revealed few proteins whose levels were altered substantially but raised the possibility of detecting sensitive individuals in this way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Rice
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.
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Dika E, Balestri R, Vaccari S, Alessandro Fanti P, Misciali C, Patrizi A. Successful treatment of pyogenic granulomas following gefitinib therapy with partial matricectomy and phenolization. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009; 20:374-5. [DOI: 10.3109/09546630902773502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abdelaziz AM, Mahmoud KM, Elsawy EM, Bakr MA. Nail changes in kidney transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 25:274-7. [PMID: 19767633 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfp486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nail changes are common complications of end-stage renal disease, and reports of nail changes in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are rare. Few reports have documented a higher prevalence of onychomycosis in KTR compared with controls, while others found no significant differences. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and nature of nail changes in a large series of KTR. METHODS Three hundred and two KTR (216 males and 86 females) were included in this study, and the mean transplant duration was 6.57 years (range 1.5 month-23 years). They were screened for the presence of nail changes. Nail clippings were collected when indicated and cultures were performed for patients with suspected onychomycosis. The patients were compared with 302 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (220 males and 82 females). RESULTS One hundred and twenty-one KTR (40.1%) had nail changes compared with 104 (34.4%) in controls. Onychomycosis, Muehrcke's nail and leuconychia were significantly more common in KTR [23 (7.6%), 13.3 (4.3%), 11 (3.6%), respectively] compared with controls [7 (2.3%), 1(0.3%), 2 (0.66%), P = 0.002, 0.001 and 0.02, respectively]. However, the most frequent nail change among KTR and controls was absent lunula, 90 (29.8%) and 80 (26.5%), respectively P = 0.36. Longitudinal ridging was also a frequent nail pathology among KTR and controls, 21 (6.9%) and 19 (6.3%), respectively, P = 0.74. CONCLUSION KTR have higher prevalence rates of onychomycosis, Muehrcke's nail and leuconychia than the healthy population. On the other hand, absent lunula could be a normal variation among Egyptian people.
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Abstract
Purpose. To provide a comprehensive literature review of chemotherapy-induced nail toxicity, including clinical presentation, implicated drugs and approaches for prevention and management. Data sources. A search of MEDLINE and EMBASE (1966—2008) databases was conducted using the terms (and variations of the terms) antineoplastic agents, nails, nail toxicity, onycholysis, and paronychia. Bibliographies from selected articles were reviewed for appropriate references. Data extraction. The retrieved literature was reviewed to include all articles relevant to the clinical presentation, diagnosis, incidence, prevention, and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nail toxicity. Data synthesis. Nail toxicity is a relatively uncommon adverse effect linked to a number of chemotherapeutic agents. Clinical presentation varies, depending on which nail structure is affected and the severity of the insult. Nail changes may involve all or some nails. Toxicity may be asymptomatic and limited to cosmetic concerns, however, more severe effects, involving pain and discomfort can occur. Taxanes and anthracyclines are the antineoplastic drug groups most commonly implicated. It is suggested that the administration schedule may influence the incidence of nail abnormalities, for example reported cases linked to the weekly administration of paclitaxel. Before instituting chemotherapy, patients should be educated regarding potential nail toxicities and strategies for prevention implemented. Management includes appropriate nail cutting, avoiding potential irritants, topical, or oral antimicrobials, and possibly cessation or dose reduction of the offending agent. Cryotherapy, through the application of frozen gloves or socks, has been beneficial in reducing docetaxel-induced nail toxicity and may be effective for other drugs. J Oncol Pharm Practice (2009) 15: 143—155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gilbar
- Department of Pharmacy, Toowoomba Health Services, PMB 2, Toowoomba, Australia,
| | - Alice Hain
- Department of Pharmacy, Toowoomba Health Services, PMB 2, Toowoomba, Australia
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Salem A, Al Mokadem S, Attwa E, Abd El Raoof S, Ebrahim HM, Faheem KT. Nail changes in chronic renal failure patients under haemodialysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:1326-31. [PMID: 18540986 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.02826.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure is known to cause various nail pathologies. They may be directly related to the renal condition itself or its complications or to the therapy. OBJECTIVE To compare nail changes in end-stage renal failure patients under haemodialysis with healthy persons and to study the potential relationship with various parameters in the patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study comprised 100 patients with chronic renal failure under regular haemodialysis as well as 100 healthy control subjects of matched age and sex. Both groups were subjected to full history taking and thorough general and nail examination. Complete blood picture, liver and kidney function tests and fasting blood glucose level were investigated. RESULTS Nail disorders were more prevalent in patients (76%) than in control group (30%). The half and half nail was the most common finding (20%) followed by - in descending manner - absent lunula, onycholysis, brittle nail, Beau's lines, clubbing, longitudinal ridging, onychomycosis, subungual hyperkeratosis, koilonychias, total leukonychia, splinter hemorrhage, pitting and pincer nail deformity. There was non-significant correlation between nail changes and age of the patients or duration of haemodialysis. In addition, no evidence of significant relation was found between nail changes and both haemoglobin and albumin levels. CONCLUSION Frequent nail changes are observed on systematic nail examination of uraemic patients undergoing haemodialysis; however, the cause of them remains obscure and could not be traced to a particular abnormality in the renal condition, medication or the procedure itself and it needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Salem
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Hinds G, Thomas VD. Malignancy and Cancer Treatment-Related Hair and Nail Changes. Dermatol Clin 2008; 26:59-68, viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lambert-Falls R, Modugno S. Toxicity of dose-dense docetaxel followed by doxorubicin with cyclophosphamide as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer in a phase II study. Clin Breast Cancer 2007; 7:697-704. [PMID: 17919350 DOI: 10.3816/cbc.2007.n.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to evaluate the feasibility of dose-dense docetaxel followed by dose-dense AC (doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide) as adjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer, we conducted a phase II study. PATIENTS AND METHODS In cohort 1, 28 patients received docetaxel 100 mg/m2 followed by doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 with cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, each every 2 weeks for 4 weeks (total of 8 cycles). Enrollment was discontinued because of stopping criteria based on significant toxicity (grade 4 hematologic toxicity or grade >or= 3 nonhematologic toxicity). In cohort 2, the docetaxel dose was reduced to 75 mg/m2; enrollment was discontinued after 18 patients. RESULTS Significant toxicity occurred in 79% and 72% of patients in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively, resulting in treatment delays in 50% and 17% of patients, respectively. The most common grade 4 hematologic toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred in 7% and 42% of cohort 1 patients during docetaxel and AC, respectively, and in none and 19% of cohort 2 patients, respectively. The most common grade >or= 3 nonhematologic toxicity was palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, which occurred in 25% and none of cohort 1 patients during docetaxel and AC, respectively. With docetaxel 75 mg/m2 and patient education encouraging routine use of topical strategies, grade 3 palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia occurred in only 11% of cohort 2 patients. Grade 2 nail changes were also debilitating and occurred in 33% of cohort 1 patients during AC. CONCLUSION These phase II findings suggest that dose-dense docetaxel 100 mg/m2 followed by AC is not feasible and, until more studies are conducted, should be restricted to clinical studies.
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Nagtzaam IF, van der Velden JJAJ, Kelleners-Smeets NWJ, Frank J. Onycholysis associated with subungual manifestation of barber's hair sinus. Int J Dermatol 2007; 46 Suppl 3:48-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Current awareness: Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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