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Bell JM, Biesemeyer C, Turner EM, Vanderbeck MM, McGraw HF. foxg1a is required for hair cell development and regeneration in the zebrafish lateral line. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.12.589268. [PMID: 38659824 PMCID: PMC11042177 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.12.589268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Mechanosensory hair cells located in the inner ear mediate the sensations of hearing and balance. If damaged, mammalian inner ear hair cells are unable to regenerate, resulting in permanent sensory deficits. Aquatic vertebrates like zebrafish (Danio rerio) have a specialized class of mechanosensory hair cells found in the lateral line system, allowing them to sense changes in water current. Unlike mammalian inner ear hair cells, lateral line hair cells can robustly regenerate following damage. In mammalian models, the transcription factor Foxg1 functions to promote normal development of the inner ear. Foxg1a is expressed in lateral line sensory organs in zebrafish larvae, but its function during lateral line development and regeneration has not been investigated. We find that loss of Foxg1a function results in reduced hair cell development and regeneration, as well as decreased cellular proliferation in the lateral line system. These data suggest that Foxg1 may be a valuable target for investigation of clinical hair cell regeneration. Summary statement Our work demonstrates a role for Foxg1a in developing and regenerating new sensory cells through proliferation.
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2
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Sudderick ZR, Glover JD. Periodic pattern formation during embryonic development. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:75-88. [PMID: 38288903 PMCID: PMC10903485 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
During embryonic development many organs and structures require the formation of series of repeating elements known as periodic patterns. Ranging from the digits of the limb to the feathers of the avian skin, the correct formation of these embryonic patterns is essential for the future form and function of these tissues. However, the mechanisms that produce these patterns are not fully understood due to the existence of several modes of pattern generation which often differ between organs and species. Here, we review the current state of the field and provide a perspective on future approaches to studying this fundamental process of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe R. Sudderick
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - James D. Glover
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
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3
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Qian W, Yamaguchi N, Lis P, Cammer M, Knaut H. Pulses of RhoA signaling stimulate actin polymerization and flow in protrusions to drive collective cell migration. Curr Biol 2024; 34:245-259.e8. [PMID: 38096821 PMCID: PMC10872453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
In animals, cells often move as collectives to shape organs, close wounds, or-in the case of disease-metastasize. To accomplish this, cells need to generate force to propel themselves forward. The motility of singly migrating cells is driven largely by an interplay between Rho GTPase signaling and the actin network. Whether cells migrating as collectives use the same machinery for motility is unclear. Using the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium as a model for collective cell migration, we find that active RhoA and myosin II cluster on the basal sides of the primordium cells and are required for primordium motility. Positive and negative feedbacks cause RhoA and myosin II activities to pulse. These pulses of RhoA signaling stimulate actin polymerization at the tip of the protrusions and myosin-II-dependent actin flow and protrusion retraction at the base of the protrusions and deform the basement membrane underneath the migrating primordium. This suggests that RhoA-induced actin flow on the basal sides of the cells constitutes the motor that pulls the primordium forward, a scenario that likely underlies collective migration in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Qian
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Naoya Yamaguchi
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Patrycja Lis
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Cammer
- Microscopy Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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4
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Olson HM, Maxfield A, Calistri NL, Heiser LM, Qian W, Knaut H, Nechiporuk AV. RhoA GEF Mcf2lb regulates rosette integrity during collective cell migration. Development 2024; 151:dev201898. [PMID: 38165177 PMCID: PMC10820872 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multicellular rosettes are transient epithelial structures that serve as important cellular intermediates in the formation of diverse organs. Using the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium (pLLP) as a model system, we investigated the role of the RhoA GEF Mcf2lb in rosette morphogenesis. The pLLP is a group of ∼150 cells that migrates along the zebrafish trunk and is organized into epithelial rosettes; these are deposited along the trunk and will differentiate into sensory organs called neuromasts (NMs). Using single-cell RNA-sequencing and whole-mount in situ hybridization, we showed that mcf2lb is expressed in the pLLP during migration. Live imaging and subsequent 3D analysis of mcf2lb mutant pLLP cells showed disrupted apical constriction and subsequent rosette organization. This resulted in an excess number of deposited NMs along the trunk of the zebrafish. Cell polarity markers ZO-1 and Par-3 were apically localized, indicating that pLLP cells are properly polarized. In contrast, RhoA activity, as well as signaling components downstream of RhoA, Rock2a and non-muscle Myosin II, were diminished apically. Thus, Mcf2lb-dependent RhoA activation maintains the integrity of epithelial rosettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Olson
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Amanda Maxfield
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Calistri
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Laura M. Heiser
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Weiyi Qian
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alex V. Nechiporuk
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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5
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Qian W, Yamaguchi N, Lis P, Cammer M, Knaut H. Pulses of RhoA Signaling Stimulate Actin Polymerization and Flow in Protrusions to Drive Collective Cell Migration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.03.560679. [PMID: 37873192 PMCID: PMC10592895 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
In animals, cells often move as collectives to shape organs, close wounds, or-in the case of disease-metastasize. To accomplish this, cells need to generate force to propel themselves forward. The motility of singly migrating cells is driven largely by an interplay between Rho GTPase signaling and the actin network (Yamada and Sixt, 2019). Whether cells migrating as collectives use the same machinery for motility is unclear. Using the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium as a model for collective cell migration, we find that active RhoA and myosin II cluster on the basal sides of the primordium cells and are required for primordium motility. Positive and negative feedbacks cause RhoA and myosin II activities to pulse. These pulses of RhoA signaling stimulate actin polymerization at the tip of the protrusions and myosin II-dependent actin flow and protrusion retraction at the base of the protrusions, and deform the basement membrane underneath the migrating primordium. This suggests that RhoA-induced actin flow on the basal sides of the cells constitutes the motor that pulls the primordium forward, a scenario that likely underlies collective migration in other-but not all (Bastock and Strutt, 2007; Lebreton and Casanova, 2013; Matthews et al., 2008)-contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Qian
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Naoya Yamaguchi
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Patrycja Lis
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Michael Cammer
- Microscopy laboratory, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
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Sankaran J, Wohland T. Current capabilities and future perspectives of FCS: super-resolution microscopy, machine learning, and in vivo applications. Commun Biol 2023; 6:699. [PMID: 37419967 PMCID: PMC10328937 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a single molecule sensitive tool for the quantitative measurement of biomolecular dynamics and interactions. Improvements in biology, computation, and detection technology enable real-time FCS experiments with multiplexed detection even in vivo. These new imaging modalities of FCS generate data at the rate of hundreds of MB/s requiring efficient data processing tools to extract information. Here, we briefly review FCS's capabilities and limitations before discussing recent directions that address these limitations with a focus on imaging modalities of FCS, their combinations with super-resolution microscopy, new evaluation strategies, especially machine learning, and applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Sankaran
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138632, Singapore.
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.
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7
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Olson HM, Maxfield A, Calistri NL, Heiser LM, Nechiporuk AV. RhoA GEF Mcf2lb regulates rosette integrity during collective cell migration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.19.537573. [PMID: 37131612 PMCID: PMC10153259 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.537573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
During development, multicellular rosettes serve as important cellular intermediates in the formation of diverse organ systems. Multicellular rosettes are transient epithelial structures that are defined by the apical constriction of cells towards the rosette center. Due to the important role these structures play during development, understanding the molecular mechanisms by which rosettes are formed and maintained is of high interest. Utilizing the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium (pLLP) as a model system, we identify the RhoA GEF Mcf2lb as a regulator of rosette integrity. The pLLP is a group of ~150 cells that migrates along the zebrafish trunk and is organized into epithelial rosettes; these are deposited along the trunk and will differentiate into sensory organs called neuromasts (NMs). Using single-cell RNA sequencing and whole-mount in situ hybridization, we showed that mcf2lb is expressed in the pLLP during migration. Given the known role of RhoA in rosette formation, we asked whether Mcf2lb plays a role in regulating apical constriction of cells within rosettes. Live imaging and subsequent 3D analysis of mcf2lb mutant pLLP cells showed disrupted apical constriction and subsequent rosette organization. This in turn resulted in a unique posterior Lateral Line phenotype: an excess number of deposited NMs along the trunk of the zebrafish. Cell polarity markers ZO-1 and Par-3 were apically localized, indicating that pLLP cells are normally polarized. In contrast, signaling components that mediate apical constriction downstream of RhoA, Rock-2a and non-muscle Myosin II were diminished apically. Altogether our results suggest a model whereby Mcf2lb activates RhoA, which in turn activates downstream signaling machinery to induce and maintain apical constriction in cells incorporated into rosettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Olson
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Amanda Maxfield
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Calistri
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Laura M. Heiser
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Alex V. Nechiporuk
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
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8
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Villadiego J, García-Swinburn R, García-González D, Lebrón-Galán R, Murcia-Belmonte V, García-Roldán E, Suárez-Luna N, Nombela C, Marchena M, de Castro F, Toledo-Aral JJ. Extracellular matrix protein anosmin-1 overexpression alters dopaminergic phenotype in the CNS and the PNS with no pathogenic consequences in a MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:907-920. [PMID: 36995433 PMCID: PMC10147818 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The development and survival of dopaminergic neurons are influenced by the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathway. Anosmin-1 (A1) is an extracellular matrix protein that acts as a major regulator of this signaling pathway, controlling FGF diffusion, and receptor interaction and shuttling. In particular, previous work showed that A1 overexpression results in more dopaminergic neurons in the olfactory bulb. Prompted by those intriguing results, in this study, we investigated the effects of A1 overexpression on different populations of catecholaminergic neurons in the central (CNS) and the peripheral nervous systems (PNS). We found that A1 overexpression increases the number of dopaminergic substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) neurons and alters the striosome/matrix organization of the striatum. Interestingly, these numerical and morphological changes in the nigrostriatal pathway of A1-mice did not confer an altered susceptibility to experimental MPTP-parkinsonism with respect to wild-type controls. Moreover, the study of the effects of A1 overexpression was extended to different dopaminergic tissues associated with the PNS, detecting a significant reduction in the number of dopaminergic chemosensitive carotid body glomus cells in A1-mice. Overall, our work shows that A1 regulates the development and survival of dopaminergic neurons in different nuclei of the mammalian nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Villadiego
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009, Sevilla, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto García-Swinburn
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Diego García-González
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Rafael Lebrón-Galán
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Verónica Murcia-Belmonte
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, 45071, Toledo, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH-CSIC, Sant Joan d´Alacant, 03550, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ernesto García-Roldán
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009, Sevilla, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Nela Suárez-Luna
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Nombela
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Marchena
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Europea de Madrid-UEM, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando de Castro
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, 45071, Toledo, Spain.
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan José Toledo-Aral
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain.
- Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009, Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Tong MQ, Lu CT, Huang LT, Yang JJ, Yang ST, Chen HB, Xue PP, Luo LZ, Yao Q, Xu HL, Zhao YZ. Polyphenol-driven facile assembly of a nanosized acid fibroblast growth factor-containing coacervate accelerates the healing of diabetic wounds. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:467-486. [PMID: 36460288 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are challenging to heal due to complex pathogenic abnormalities. Routine treatment with acid fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is widely used for diabetic wounds but hardly offers a satisfying outcome due to its instability. Despite the emergence of various nanoparticle-based protein delivery approaches, it remains challenging to engineer a versatile delivery system capable of enhancing protein stability without the need for complex preparation. Herein, a polyphenol-driven facile assembly of nanosized coacervates (AE-NPs) composed of aFGF and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was constructed and applied in the healing of diabetic wounds. First, the binding patterns of EGCG and aFGF were predicted by molecular docking analysis. Then, the characterizations demonstrated that AE-NPs displayed higher stability in hostile conditions than free aFGF by enhancing the binding activity of aFGF to cell surface receptors. Meanwhile, the AE-NPs also had a powerful ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote angiogenesis, which significantly accelerated full-thickness excisional wound healing in diabetic mice. Besides, the AE-NPs suppressed the early scar formation by improving collagen remodeling and the mechanism was associated with the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Conclusively, AE-NPs might be a potential and facile strategy for stabilizing protein drugs and achieving the scar-free healing of diabetic wounds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Diabetic chronic wound is among the serious complications of diabetes that eventually cause the amputation of limbs. Herein, a polyphenol-driven facile assembly of nanosized coacervates (AE-NPs) composed of aFGF and EGCG was constructed. The EGCG not only acted as a carrier but also possessed a therapeutic effect of ROS scavenging. The AE-NPs enhanced the binding activity of aFGF to cell surface receptors on the cell surface, which improved the stability of aFGF in hostile conditions. Moreover, AE-NPs significantly accelerated wound healing and improved collagen remodeling by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Our results bring new insights into the field of polyphenol-containing nanoparticles, showing their potential as drug delivery systems of macromolecules to treat diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Cui-Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lan-Tian Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Si-Ting Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hang-Bo Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Peng-Peng Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lan-Zi Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - He-Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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10
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Burgess HA, Burton EA. A Critical Review of Zebrafish Neurological Disease Models-1. The Premise: Neuroanatomical, Cellular and Genetic Homology and Experimental Tractability. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2:kvac018. [PMID: 37649777 PMCID: PMC10464506 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has seen a dramatic rise in the number of genes linked to neurological disorders, necessitating new models to explore underlying mechanisms and to test potential therapies. Over a similar period, many laboratories adopted zebrafish as a tractable model for studying brain development, defining neural circuits and performing chemical screens. Here we discuss strengths and limitations of using the zebrafish system to model neurological disorders. The underlying premise for many disease models is the high degree of homology between human and zebrafish genes, coupled with the conserved vertebrate Bauplan and repertoire of neurochemical signaling molecules. Yet, we caution that important evolutionary divergences often limit the extent to which human symptoms can be modeled meaningfully in zebrafish. We outline advances in genetic technologies that allow human mutations to be reproduced faithfully in zebrafish. Together with methods that visualize the development and function of neuronal pathways at the single cell level, there is now an unprecedented opportunity to understand how disease-associated genetic changes disrupt neural circuits, a level of analysis that is ideally suited to uncovering pathogenic changes in human brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold A Burgess
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Edward A Burton
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA,15260, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA
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11
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Feitzinger AA, Le A, Thompson A, Haseeb M, Murugesan MK, Tang AM, Lott SE. Natural variation in the maternal and zygotic mRNA complements of the early embryo in Drosophila melanogaster. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:641. [PMID: 36076188 PMCID: PMC9461177 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08839-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal gene products supplied to the egg during oogenesis drive the earliest events of development in all metazoans. After the initial stages of embryogenesis, maternal transcripts are degraded as zygotic transcription is activated; this is known as the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT). Recently, it has been shown that the expression of maternal and zygotic transcripts have evolved in the Drosophila genus over the course of 50 million years. However, the extent of natural variation of maternal and zygotic transcripts within a species has yet to be determined. We asked how the maternal and zygotic pools of mRNA vary within and between populations of D. melanogaster. In order to maximize sampling of genetic diversity, African lines of D. melanogaster originating from Zambia as well as DGRP lines originating from North America were chosen for transcriptomic analysis. Results Generally, we find that maternal transcripts are more highly conserved, and zygotic transcripts evolve at a higher rate. We find that there is more within-population variation in transcript abundance than between populations and that expression variation is highest post- MZT between African lines. Conclusions Determining the natural variation of gene expression surrounding the MZT in natural populations of D. melanogaster gives insight into the extent of how a tightly regulated process may vary within a species, the extent of developmental constraint at both stages and on both the maternal and zygotic genomes, and reveals expression changes allowing this species to adapt as it spread across the world. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08839-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Feitzinger
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Anthony Le
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ammon Thompson
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Mehnoor Haseeb
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Austin M Tang
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Susan E Lott
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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12
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Ornitz DM, Itoh N. New developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1549. [PMID: 35142107 PMCID: PMC10115509 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFRs 1-4) and four intracellular proteins (intracellular FGFs or iFGFs) that primarily function to regulate the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels and other molecules. The canonical FGFs, endocrine FGFs, and iFGFs have been reviewed extensively by us and others. In this review, we briefly summarize past reviews and then focus on new developments in the FGF field since our last review in 2015. Some of the highlights in the past 6 years include the use of optogenetic tools, viral vectors, and inducible transgenes to experimentally modulate FGF signaling, the clinical use of small molecule FGFR inhibitors, an expanded understanding of endocrine FGF signaling, functions for FGF signaling in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, roles for FGF signaling in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, a continuing elaboration of mechanisms of FGF signaling in development, and an expanding appreciation of roles for FGF signaling in neuropsychiatric diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Cancer > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Rear traction forces drive adherent tissue migration in vivo. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:194-204. [PMID: 35165417 PMCID: PMC8868490 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00844-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Cerrizuela S, Vega-Lopez GA, Méndez-Maldonado K, Velasco I, Aybar MJ. The crucial role of model systems in understanding the complexity of cell signaling in human neurocristopathies. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1537. [PMID: 35023327 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Animal models are useful to study the molecular, cellular, and morphogenetic mechanisms underlying normal and pathological development. Cell-based study models have emerged as an alternative approach to study many aspects of human embryonic development and disease. The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent, and migratory embryonic cell population that generates a diverse group of cell types that arises during vertebrate development. The abnormal formation or development of the NC results in neurocristopathies (NCPs), which are characterized by a broad spectrum of functional and morphological alterations. The impaired molecular mechanisms that give rise to these multiphenotypic diseases are not entirely clear yet. This fact, added to the high incidence of these disorders in the newborn population, has led to the development of systematic approaches for their understanding. In this article, we have systematically reviewed the ways in which experimentation with different animal and cell model systems has improved our knowledge of NCPs, and how these advances might contribute to the development of better diagnostic and therapeutic tools for the treatment of these pathologies. This article is categorized under: Congenital Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Congenital Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Cerrizuela
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Guillermo A Vega-Lopez
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Karla Méndez-Maldonado
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Iván Velasco
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular del Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Manuel J Aybar
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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15
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Levic DS, Yamaguchi N, Wang S, Knaut H, Bagnat M. Knock-in tagging in zebrafish facilitated by insertion into non-coding regions. Development 2021; 148:dev199994. [PMID: 34495314 PMCID: PMC8513609 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Zebrafish provide an excellent model for in vivo cell biology studies because of their amenability to live imaging. Protein visualization in zebrafish has traditionally relied on overexpression of fluorescently tagged proteins from heterologous promoters, making it difficult to recapitulate endogenous expression patterns and protein function. One way to circumvent this problem is to tag the proteins by modifying their endogenous genomic loci. Such an approach is not widely available to zebrafish researchers because of inefficient homologous recombination and the error-prone nature of targeted integration in zebrafish. Here, we report a simple approach for tagging proteins in zebrafish on their N or C termini with fluorescent proteins by inserting PCR-generated donor amplicons into non-coding regions of the corresponding genes. Using this approach, we generated endogenously tagged alleles for several genes that are crucial for epithelial biology and organ development, including the tight junction components ZO-1 and Cldn15la, the trafficking effector Rab11a, the apical polarity protein aPKC and the ECM receptor Integrin β1b. Our approach facilitates the generation of knock-in lines in zebrafish, opening the way for accurate quantitative imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Levic
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Naoya Yamaguchi
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Siyao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michel Bagnat
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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16
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Kim S, Pochitaloff M, Stooke-Vaughan GA, Campàs O. Embryonic Tissues as Active Foams. NATURE PHYSICS 2021; 17:859-866. [PMID: 34367313 PMCID: PMC8336761 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-021-01215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The physical state of embryonic tissues emerges from non-equilibrium, collective interactions among constituent cells. Cellular jamming, rigidity transitions and characteristics of glassy dynamics have all been observed in multicellular systems, but it is unclear how cells control these emergent tissue states and transitions, including tissue fluidization. Combining computational and experimental methods, here we show that tissue fluidization in posterior zebrafish tissues is controlled by the stochastic dynamics of tensions at cell-cell contacts. We develop a computational framework that connects cell behavior to embryonic tissue dynamics, accounting for the presence of extracellular spaces, complex cell shapes and cortical tension dynamics. We predict that tissues are maximally rigid at the structural transition between confluent and non-confluent states, with actively-generated tension fluctuations controlling stress relaxation and tissue fluidization. By directly measuring strain and stress relaxation, as well as the dynamics of cell rearrangements, in elongating posterior zebrafish tissues, we show that tension fluctuations drive active cell rearrangements that fluidize the tissue. These results highlight a key role of non-equilibrium tension dynamics in developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Marie Pochitaloff
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | | | - Otger Campàs
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence should be addressed to Otger Camps ()
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17
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Olson HM, Nechiporuk AV. Lamellipodia-like protrusions and focal adhesions contribute to collective cell migration in zebrafish. Dev Biol 2020; 469:125-134. [PMID: 33096063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Collective cell migration is a process where cohorts of cells exhibit coordinated migratory behavior. During individual and collective cellular migration, cells must extend protrusions to interact with the extracellular environment, sense chemotactic cues, and act as points of attachment. The mechanisms and regulators of protrusive behavior have been widely studied in individually migrating cells; however, how this behavior is regulated throughout collectives is not well understood. To address this, we used the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium (pLLP) as a model. The pLLP is a cluster of ~150 cells that migrates along the zebrafish trunk, depositing groups of cells that will become sensory organs. To define protrusive behavior, we performed mosaic analysis to sparsely label pLLP cells with a transgene marking filamentous actin. This approach revealed an abundance of brush-like protrusions throughout the pLLP that orient in the direction of migration. Formation of these protrusions depends on the Arp2/3 complex, a regulator of dendritic actin. This argues that these brush-like protrusions are an in vivo example of lamellipodia. Mosaic analysis demonstrated that these lamellipodia-like protrusions are located in a close proximity to the overlying skin. Immunostaining revealed an abundance of focal adhesion complexes surrounding the pLLP. Disruption of these complexes specifically in pLLP cells led to impaired pLLP migration. Finally, we show that Erk signaling, a known regulator of focal adhesions, is required for proper formation of lamellipodia-like protrusions and pLLP migration. Altogether, our results suggest a model where the coordinated dynamics of lamellipodia-like protrusions, making contact with either the overlying skin or the extracellular matrix through focal adhesions, promotes migration of pLLP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Olson
- Department Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alex V Nechiporuk
- Department Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, The Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.
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18
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Colak-Champollion T, Lan L, Jadhav AR, Yamaguchi N, Venkiteswaran G, Patel H, Cammer M, Meier-Schellersheim M, Knaut H. Cadherin-Mediated Cell Coupling Coordinates Chemokine Sensing across Collectively Migrating Cells. Curr Biol 2020; 29:2570-2579.e7. [PMID: 31386838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The directed migration of cells sculpts the embryo, contributes to homeostasis in the adult, and, when dysregulated, underlies many diseases [1, 2]. During these processes, cells move singly or as a collective. In both cases, they follow guidance cues, which direct them to their destination [3-6]. In contrast to single cells, collectively migrating cells need to coordinate with their neighbors to move together in the same direction. Recent studies suggest that leader cells in the front sense the guidance cue, relay the directional information to the follower cells in the back, and can pull the follower cells along [7-19]. In this manner, leader cells steer the collective and set the collective's overall speed. However, whether follower cells also participate in steering and speed setting of the collective is largely unclear. Using chimeras, we analyzed the role of leader and follower cells in the collectively migrating zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium. This tissue expresses the chemokine receptor Cxcr4 and is guided by the chemokine Cxcl12a [20-23]. We find that leader and follower cells need to sense the attractant Cxcl12a for efficient migration, are coupled to each other through cadherins, and require coupling to pull Cxcl12a-insensitive cells along. Analysis of cell dynamics in chimeric and protein-depleted primordia shows that Cxcl12a-sensing and cadherin-mediated adhesion contribute jointly to direct migration at both single-cell and tissue levels. These results suggest that all cells in the primordium need to sense the attractant and adhere to each other to coordinate their movements and migrate with robust directionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Colak-Champollion
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ling Lan
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alisha R Jadhav
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Naoya Yamaguchi
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gayatri Venkiteswaran
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Heta Patel
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michael Cammer
- NYU Langone's Microscopy Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Martin Meier-Schellersheim
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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19
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Lau S, Feitzinger A, Venkiteswaran G, Wang J, Lewellis SW, Koplinski CA, Peterson FC, Volkman BF, Meier-Schellersheim M, Knaut H. A negative-feedback loop maintains optimal chemokine concentrations for directional cell migration. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:266-273. [PMID: 32042179 PMCID: PMC7809593 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemoattractant gradients frequently guide migrating cells. To achieve the most directional signal, such gradients should be maintained with concentrations around the dissociation constant (Kd)1-6 of the chemoreceptor. Whether this actually occurs in animals is unknown. Here we investigate whether a moving tissue, the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium, buffers its attractant in this concentration range to achieve robust migration. We find that the Cxcl12 (also known as Sdf1) attractant gradient ranges from 0 to 12 nM, values similar to the 3.4 nM Kd of its receptor Cxcr4. When we increase the Kd of Cxcl12 for Cxcr4, primordium migration is less directional. Furthermore, a negative-feedback loop between Cxcl12 and its clearance receptor Ackr3 (also known as Cxcr7) regulates the Cxcl12 concentrations. Breaking this negative feedback by blocking the phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tail of Ackr3 also results in less directional primordium migration. Thus, directed migration of the primordium is dependent on a close match between the Cxcl12 concentration and the Kd of Cxcl12 for Cxcr4, which is maintained by buffering of the chemokine levels. Quantitative modelling confirms the plausibility of this mechanism. We anticipate that buffering of attractant concentration is a general mechanism for ensuring robust cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lau
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Feitzinger
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gayatri Venkiteswaran
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Wang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen W Lewellis
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chad A Koplinski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Francis C Peterson
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Martin Meier-Schellersheim
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Dalle Nogare D, Chitnis AB. NetLogo agent-based models as tools for understanding the self-organization of cell fate, morphogenesis and collective migration of the zebrafish posterior Lateral Line primordium. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 100:186-198. [PMID: 31901312 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between primordium cells and their environment determines the self-organization of the zebrafish posterior Lateral Line primordium as it migrates under the skin from the ear to the tip of the tail forming and depositing neuromasts to spearhead formation of the posterior Lateral Line sensory system. In this review we describe how the NetLogo agent-based programming environment has been used in our lab to visualize and explore how self-generated chemokine gradients determine collective migration, how the dynamics of Wnt signaling can be used to predict patterns of neuromast deposition, and how previously defined interactions between Wnt and Fgf signaling systems have the potential to determine the periodic formation of center-biased Fgf signaling centers in the wake of a shrinking Wnt system. We also describe how NetLogo was used as a database for storing and visualizing the results of in toto lineage analysis of all cells in the migrating primordium. Together, the models illustrate how this programming environment can be used in diverse ways to integrate what has been learnt from biological experiments about the nature of interactions between cells and their environment, and explore how these interactions could potentially determine emergent patterns of cell fate specification, morphogenesis and collective migration of the zebrafish posterior Lateral Line primordium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Dalle Nogare
- Section on Neural Developmental Dynamics, Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Ajay B Chitnis
- Section on Neural Developmental Dynamics, Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD USA.
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21
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Yamaguchi N, Colak-Champollion T, Knaut H. zGrad is a nanobody-based degron system that inactivates proteins in zebrafish. eLife 2019; 8:43125. [PMID: 30735119 PMCID: PMC6384026 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of protein function is essential to modern biology. While protein function has mostly been studied through gene or RNA interference, more recent approaches to degrade proteins directly have been developed. Here, we adapted the anti-GFP nanobody-based system deGradFP from flies to zebrafish. We named this system zGrad and show that zGrad efficiently degrades transmembrane, cytosolic and nuclear GFP-tagged proteins in zebrafish in an inducible and reversible manner. Using tissue-specific and inducible promoters in combination with functional GFP-fusion proteins, we demonstrate that zGrad can inactivate transmembrane and cytosolic proteins globally, locally and temporally with different consequences. Global protein depletion results in phenotypes similar to loss of gene activity, while local and temporal protein inactivation yields more restricted and novel phenotypes. Thus, zGrad is a versatile tool to study the spatial and temporal requirement of proteins in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamaguchi
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Tugba Colak-Champollion
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
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