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Ma Z, Sugimura R, Lui KO. The role of m6A mRNA modification in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:100-115. [PMID: 37195903 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a highly orchestrated biological process sustaining the supply of leukocytes involved in the maintenance of immunity, O2 and CO2 exchange, and wound healing throughout the lifetime of an animal, including humans. During early hematopoietic cell development, several waves of hematopoiesis require the precise regulation of hematopoietic ontogeny as well as the maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the hematopoietic tissues, such as the fetal liver and bone marrow. Recently, emerging evidence has suggested the critical role of m6A messenger RNA (mRNA) modification, an epigenetic modification dynamically regulated by its effector proteins, in the generation and maintenance of hematopoietic cells during embryogenesis. In the adulthood, m6A has also been demonstrated to be involved in the functional maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow and umbilical cord blood, as well as the progression of malignant hematopoiesis. In this review, we focus on recent progress in identifying the biological functions of m6A mRNA modification, its regulators, and downstream gene targets during normal and pathological hematopoiesis. We propose that targeting m6A mRNA modification could offer novel insights into therapeutic development against abnormal and malignant hematopoietic cell development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjing Ma
- Department of Chemical Pathology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rio Sugimura
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam , Hong Kong, China
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
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2
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Song Y, Lee D, Choi J, Lee JW, Hong K. Genome-wide association and replication studies for handedness in a Korean community-based cohort. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3121. [PMID: 37337823 PMCID: PMC10498080 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Handedness is a conspicuous characteristic in human behavior, with a worldwide proportion of approximately 90% of people preferring to use the right hand for many tasks. In the Korean population, the proportion of left-handedness is relatively low at approximately 7%-10%, similar to that in other East-Asian cultures in which the use of the left hand for writing and other public activities has historically been oppressed. METHODS In this study, we conducted two genome-wide association studies (GWASs) between right-handedness and left-handedness, and between right-handedness and ambidexterity using logistic regression analyses using a Korean community-based cohort. We also performed association analyses with previously reported variants and our findings. RESULTS A total of 8806 participants were included for analysis, and the results identified 28 left-handedness-associated and 15 ambidexterity-associated loci; of these, two left-handedness loci (NEIL3 [rs11726465] and SVOPL [rs117495448]) and one ambidexterity locus (PDE8B/WDR41 [rs118077080]) showed near genome-wide significance. Association analyses with previously reported variants replicated ANKS1B (rs7132513) in left-handedness and ANKIB1 (rs2040498) in ambidexterity. CONCLUSION The variants and positional candidate genes identified and replicated in this study were largely associated with brain development, cerebral asymmetry, neurological processes, and neuropsychiatric diseases in line with previous findings. As the first East-Asian GWAS related to handedness, these results may provide an intriguing reference for further human neurologic research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhyun Song
- Department of Family MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Healthcare Research Team, Health Promotion CenterGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Dasom Lee
- Theragen Bio Co. Ltd.Gyeonggi‐doSouth Korea
| | | | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Family MedicineSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Institute for Innovation in Digital HealthcareYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
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3
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Radhakrishnan K, Truong L, Carmichael CL. An "unexpected" role for EMT transcription factors in hematological development and malignancy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207360. [PMID: 37600794 PMCID: PMC10435889 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental developmental process essential for normal embryonic development. It is also important during various pathogenic processes including fibrosis, wound healing and epithelial cancer cell metastasis and invasion. EMT is regulated by a variety of cell signalling pathways, cell-cell interactions and microenvironmental cues, however the key drivers of EMT are transcription factors of the ZEB, TWIST and SNAIL families. Recently, novel and unexpected roles for these EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs) during normal blood cell development have emerged, which appear to be largely independent of classical EMT processes. Furthermore, EMT-TFs have also begun to be implicated in the development and pathogenesis of malignant hematological diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma, and now present themselves or the pathways they regulate as possible new therapeutic targets within these malignancies. In this review, we discuss the ZEB, TWIST and SNAIL families of EMT-TFs, focusing on what is known about their normal roles during hematopoiesis as well as the emerging and "unexpected" contribution they play during development and progression of blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Radhakrishnan
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lynda Truong
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine L. Carmichael
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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4
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Omatsu Y. Cellular niches for hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow under normal and malignant conditions. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:15. [PMID: 36805714 PMCID: PMC9942337 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout adult life, most lineages of blood cells, including immune cells, are generated from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow. HSCs are thought to require special microenvironments, termed niches, for their maintenance in the bone marrow; however, the identity of the HSC cellular niche has been a subject of long-standing debate. Although diverse candidates have been proposed so far, accumulated studies demonstrate that the bone marrow-specific population of fibroblastic reticular cells with long processes, termed CXC chemokine ligand 12-abundant reticular cells (which overlap strongly with leptin receptor-expressing cells), termed CAR/LepR+ cells, are the pivotal cellular component of niches for HSCs and lymphoid progenitors. Sinusoidal endothelial cells (ECs) are also important for hematopoietic homeostasis and regeneration. Hematopoiesis is altered dynamically by various stimuli such as inflammation, infection, and leukemia, all of which affect cellular niches and alter their function. Therefore, it is important to consider situations in which stimuli affect HSCs, either via direct interaction or indirectly via the hematopoietic niches. In this review, the dynamics of cellular niches in the steady state and disease are described, with a focus on CAR/LepR+ cells and ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Omatsu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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5
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Testa C, Oliveto S, Jacchetti E, Donnaloja F, Martinelli C, Pinoli P, Osellame R, Cerullo G, Ceri S, Biffo S, Raimondi MT. Whole transcriptomic analysis of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in Nichoid micro-scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:945474. [PMID: 36686258 PMCID: PMC9852851 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.945474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to be ideal candidates for clinical applications where not only regenerative potential but also immunomodulation ability is fundamental. Over the last years, increasing efforts have been put into the design and fabrication of 3D synthetic niches, conceived to emulate the native tissue microenvironment and aiming at efficiently controlling the MSC phenotype in vitro. In this panorama, our group patented an engineered microstructured scaffold, called Nichoid. It is fabricated through two-photon polymerization, a technique enabling the creation of 3D structures with control of scaffold geometry at the cell level and spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit, down to 100 nm. The Nichoid's capacity to maintain higher levels of stemness as compared to 2D substrates, with no need for adding exogenous soluble factors, has already been demonstrated in MSCs, neural precursors, and murine embryonic stem cells. In this work, we evaluated how three-dimensionality can influence the whole gene expression profile in rat MSCs. Our results show that at only 4 days from cell seeding, gene activation is affected in a significant way, since 654 genes appear to be differentially expressed (392 upregulated and 262 downregulated) between cells cultured in 3D Nichoids and in 2D controls. The functional enrichment analysis shows that differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in pathways related to the actin cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix (ECM), and, in particular, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), thus confirming the important role of cell morphology and adhesions in determining the MSC phenotype. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Nichoid, thanks to its exclusive architecture and 3D cell adhesion properties, is not only a useful tool for governing cell stemness but could also be a means for controlling immune-related MSC features specifically involved in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Testa
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy,Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy,*Correspondence: Carolina Testa, ; Manuela T. Raimondi,
| | - Stefania Oliveto
- Department of Bioscience (DBS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Jacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Donnaloja
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pietro Pinoli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Osellame
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology (IFN)-CNR and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology (IFN)-CNR and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Ceri
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- Department of Bioscience (DBS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela T. Raimondi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy,*Correspondence: Carolina Testa, ; Manuela T. Raimondi,
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6
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iPSC-Derived MSCs Are a Distinct Entity of MSCs with Higher Therapeutic Potential than Their Donor-Matched Parental MSCs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010881. [PMID: 36614321 PMCID: PMC9821152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iMSCs) have been proposed as alternative sources of primary MSCs with various advantages for cell therapeutic trials. However, precise evaluation of the differences between iMSCs and primary MSCs is lacking due to individual variations in the donor cells, which obscure direct comparisons between the two. In this study, we generated donor-matched iMSCs from individual bone marrow-derived MSCs and directly compared their cell-autonomous and paracrine therapeutic effects. We found that the transition from primary MSCs to iMSCs is accompanied by a functional shift towards higher proliferative activity, with variations in differentiation potential in a donor cell-dependent manner. The transition from MSCs to iMSCs was associated with common changes in transcriptomic and proteomic profiles beyond the variations of their individual donors, revealing expression patterns unique for the iMSCs. These iMSC-specific patterns were characterized by a shift in cell fate towards a pericyte-like state and enhanced secretion of paracrine cytokine/growth factors. Accordingly, iMSCs exhibited higher support for the self-renewing expansion of primitive hematopoietic progenitors and more potent immune suppression of allogenic immune responses than MSCs. Our study suggests that iMSCs represent a separate entity of MSCs with unique therapeutic potential distinct from their parental MSCs, but points to the need for iMSC characterization in the individual basis.
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7
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Grigoryan A, Zacharaki D, Balhuizen A, Côme CR, Garcia AG, Hidalgo Gil D, Frank AK, Aaltonen K, Mañas A, Esfandyari J, Kjellman P, Englund E, Rodriguez C, Sime W, Massoumi R, Kalantari N, Prithiviraj S, Li Y, Dupard SJ, Isaksson H, Madsen CD, Porse BT, Bexell D, Bourgine PE. Engineering human mini-bones for the standardized modeling of healthy hematopoiesis, leukemia, and solid tumor metastasis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabm6391. [PMID: 36223446 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abm6391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment provides indispensable factors to sustain blood production throughout life. It is also a hotspot for the progression of hematologic disorders and the most frequent site of solid tumor metastasis. Preclinical research relies on xenograft mouse models, but these models preclude the human-specific functional interactions of stem cells with their bone marrow microenvironment. Instead, human mesenchymal cells can be exploited for the in vivo engineering of humanized niches, which confer robust engraftment of human healthy and malignant blood samples. However, mesenchymal cells are associated with major reproducibility issues in tissue formation. Here, we report the fast and standardized generation of human mini-bones by a custom-designed human mesenchymal cell line. These resulting humanized ossicles (hOss) consist of fully mature bone and bone marrow structures hosting a human mesenchymal niche with retained stem cell properties. As compared to mouse bones, we demonstrate superior engraftment of human cord blood hematopoietic cells and primary acute myeloid leukemia samples and also validate hOss as a metastatic site for breast cancer cells. We further report the engraftment of neuroblastoma patient-derived xenograft cells in a humanized model, recapitulating clinically described osteolytic lesions. Collectively, our human mini-bones constitute a powerful preclinical platform to model bone-developing tumors using patient-derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Grigoryan
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Dimitra Zacharaki
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Balhuizen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christophe Rm Côme
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Garcia Garcia
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Hidalgo Gil
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anne-Katrine Frank
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina Aaltonen
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Adriana Mañas
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Javanshir Esfandyari
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Pontus Kjellman
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emelie Englund
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Carmen Rodriguez
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Wondossen Sime
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nasim Kalantari
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sujeethkumar Prithiviraj
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yuan Li
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Steven J Dupard
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Chris D Madsen
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo T Porse
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Bexell
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul E Bourgine
- Cell, Tissue & Organ engineering laboratory, Biomedical Centre (BMC) B11, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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8
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Amilca-Seba K, Tan TZ, Thiery JP, Louadj L, Thouroude S, Bouygues A, Sabbah M, Larsen AK, Denis JA. Osteopontin (OPN/SPP1), a Mediator of Tumor Progression, Is Regulated by the Mesenchymal Transcription Factor Slug/SNAI2 in Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Cells 2022; 11:cells11111808. [PMID: 35681502 PMCID: PMC9180003 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Expression of the transcription factor Slug/SNAI2 is associated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is correlated with poorer disease-free survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). In order to decipher the basis for the Slug-mediated aggressive phenotype, we conducted RNAseq experiments with a panel of HT-29 CRC cells expressing different levels of Slug, both in vitro and in tumor models. Osteopontin (OPN), a mediator associated with tumor progression in different tumor types, was among the top upregulated genes in both cells and tumors and was the most overexpressed gene coding for a secreted protein. We further show that Slug is a direct regulator of osteopontin via binding to the OPN promoter. Interestingly, Slug expression and osteopontin secretion were correlated in vitro, as well as in tumor models, suggesting that liquid biopsies may be useful in estimating the aggressiveness phenotype of the tumor. Abstract In colorectal cancer (CRC), disease-related death is closely linked to tumor aggressiveness and metastasis. Gene expression profiling of patient tumors has suggested that a more mesenchymal phenotype, present in about one-fourth of all patients, is associated with increased aggressiveness. Accordingly, the mesenchymal transcription factor Slug/SNAI2 has been associated with decreased disease-free survival. To decipher the basis for the Slug-mediated phenotype, we conducted RNAseq experiments with a panel of HT-29 CRC cells expressing different levels of Slug, both in vitro and in tumor models. The results show that osteopontin, a secreted pleotropic protein involved in multiple steps of colorectal cancer progression, was highly upregulated by Slug in vitro, as well as in vivo. We further show that Slug is a direct regulator of osteopontin at the promoter level. The levels of secreted osteopontin were correlated with Slug expression, thereby linking the tumor phenotype to a biomarker available by liquid biopsies. The results also suggest that osteopontin neutralization may attenuate at least some of the Slug-mediated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyana Amilca-Seba
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | | | - Lila Louadj
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Thouroude
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anaïs Bouygues
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Sabbah
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75016 Paris, France
| | - Annette K. Larsen
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75016 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme A. Denis
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75571 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (L.L.); (S.T.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Oncology Biochemistry, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, 075013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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9
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Daily JP, Skoultchi AI, Tomaselli GF. A tribute to Paul S. Frenette (1965–2021). J Clin Invest 2021. [DOI: 10.1172/jci155100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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Razmara E, Bitaraf A, Karimi B, Babashah S. Functions of the SNAI family in chondrocyte-to-osteocyte development. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1503:5-22. [PMID: 34403146 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Different cellular mechanisms contribute to osteocyte development. And while critical roles for members of the zinc finger protein SNAI family (SNAIs) have been discussed in cancer-related models, there are few reviews summarizing their importance for chondrocyte-to-osteocyte development. To help fill this gap, we review the roles of SNAIs in the development of mature osteocytes from chondrocytes, including the regulation of chondro- and osteogenesis through different signaling pathways and in programmed cell death. We also discuss how epigenetic factors-including DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and noncoding RNAs-contribute differently to both chondrocyte and osteocyte development. To better grasp the important roles of SNAIs in bone development, we also review genotype-phenotype correlations in different animal models. We end with comments about the possible importance of the SNAI family in cartilage/bone development and the potential applications for therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razmara
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amirreza Bitaraf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Karimi
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Shao C, Lou P, Liu R, Bi X, Li G, Yang X, Sheng X, Xu J, Lv C, Yu Z. Hormone-Responsive BMP Signaling Expands Myoepithelial Cell Lineages and Prevents Alveolar Precocity in Mammary Gland. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:691050. [PMID: 34336839 PMCID: PMC8320003 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.691050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoepithelial and luminal cells synergistically expand in the mammary gland during pregnancy, and this process is precisely governed by hormone-related signaling pathways. The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway is now known to play crucial roles in all organ systems. However, the functions of BMP signaling in the mammary gland remain unclear. Here, we found that BMPR1a is upregulated by hormone-induced Sp1 at pregnancy. Using a doxycycline (Dox)-inducible BMPR1a conditional knockout mouse model, we demonstrated that loss of BMPR1a in myoepithelium results in compromised myoepithelial integrity, reduced mammary stem cells and precocious alveolar differentiation during pregnancy. Mechanistically, BMPR1a regulates the expression of p63 and Slug, two key regulators of myoepithelial maintenance, through pSmad1/5-Smad4 complexes, and consequently activate P-cadherin during pregnancy. Furthermore, we observed that loss of BMPR1a in myoepithelium results in the upregulation of a secreted protein Spp1 that could account for the precocious alveolar differentiation in luminal layer, suggesting a defective basal-to-luminal paracrine signaling mechanism. Collectively, these findings identify a novel role of BMP signaling in maintaining the identity of myoepithelial cells and suppressing precocious alveolar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Shao
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengbo Lou
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyun Bi
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guilin Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaole Sheng
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuzhi Xu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Lv
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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12
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VEGF-C protects the integrity of the bone marrow perivascular niche in mice. Blood 2021; 136:1871-1883. [PMID: 32842144 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the bone marrow (BM) stem cell niche, which provides a vital source of HSC regulatory signals. Radiation and chemotherapy disrupt the HSC niche, including its sinusoidal vessels and perivascular cells, contributing to delayed hematopoietic recovery. Thus, identification of factors that can protect the HSC niche during an injury could offer a significant therapeutic opportunity to improve hematopoietic regeneration. In this study, we identified a critical function for vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), that of maintaining the integrity of the BM perivascular niche and improving BM niche recovery after irradiation-induced injury. Both global and conditional deletion of Vegfc in endothelial or leptin receptor-positive (LepR+) cells led to a disruption of the BM perivascular niche. Furthermore, deletion of Vegfc from the microenvironment delayed hematopoietic recovery after transplantation by decreasing endothelial proliferation and LepR+ cell regeneration. Exogenous administration of VEGF-C via an adenoassociated viral vector improved hematopoietic recovery after irradiation by accelerating endothelial and LepR+ cell regeneration and by increasing the expression of hematopoietic regenerative factors. Our results suggest that preservation of the integrity of the perivascular niche via VEGF-C signaling could be exploited therapeutically to enhance hematopoietic regeneration.
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Lee HR, Yang SJ, Choi HK, Kim JA, Oh IH. The Chromatin Remodeling Complex CHD1 Regulates the Primitive State of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Control Their Stem Cell Supporting Activity. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:363-373. [PMID: 33593142 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The primitive state (stemness) of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is responsible for supporting the function of tissue-specific stem cells to regenerate damaged tissues. However, molecular mechanisms regulating the stemness of MSCs remain unknown. In this study, we found that the primitive state of MSCs is hierarchically regulated by the expression levels of the chromatin remodeling complex, CHD1, with CHD1 expression levels higher in the undifferentiated state, and decreasing upon MSC differentiation. Consistently, CHD1 expression levels decrease during progressive loss of clonogenic progenitors (CFU-F) induced by passage cultures. Moreover, knockdown (KD) of CHD1 decreased CFU-F frequency, whereas CHD1 overexpression increased it. In addition, the expression of stem cell-specific genes was down- or upregulated upon KD or overexpression of CHD1, respectively, accompanied by associated changes in chromatin condensation. Importantly, altering CHD1 expression levels affected the ability of MSCs to support the self-renewing expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Furthermore, CHD1 levels were significantly decreased in MSCs from acute myeloid leukemia or aplastic anemia patients, where CFU-F and HSC-supporting activities are lost. Altogether, these findings show that chromatin remodeling by CHD1 is a molecular parameter that influences the primitive state of MSCs and their stem cell-supporting activity, which controls tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Ri Lee
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jip Yang
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Choi
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Kim
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Marescal O, Cheeseman IM. Cellular Mechanisms and Regulation of Quiescence. Dev Cell 2021; 55:259-271. [PMID: 33171109 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Quiescence is a state of reversible proliferative arrest in which cells are not actively dividing and yet retain the capacity to reenter the cell cycle upon receiving an appropriate stimulus. Quiescent cells are remarkably diverse-they reside in different locations throughout the body, serve distinct roles, and are activated by a variety of signals. Despite this diversity, all quiescent cells must be able to persist in a nondividing state without compromising their proliferative potential, which requires changes to core cellular programs. How drastically different cell types are able to implement extensive changes to their gene-expression programs, metabolism, and cellular structures to induce a common cellular state is a fascinating question in cell and developmental biology. In this review, we explore the diversity of quiescent cells and highlight the unifying characteristics that define the quiescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Marescal
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Iain M Cheeseman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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