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Sultana M, Islam MM, Hossain MM, Rahman MA, Das SC, Barman DN, Mitu FS, Gupta SD. Association of CAPN10 gene (rs3842570) polymorphism with the type 2 diabetes mellitus among the population of Noakhali region in Bangladesh: a case-control study. Genomics Inform 2023; 21:e33. [PMID: 37813629 PMCID: PMC10584643 DOI: 10.5808/gi.23023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial, polygenic, and metabolically complicated disease. A large number of genes are responsible for the biogenesis of T2DM and calpain10 (CAPN10) is one of them. The association of numerous CAPN10 genetic polymorphisms in the development of T2DM has been widely studied in different populations and noticed inconclusive results. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the plausible association of CAPN10 polymorphism SNP-19 (rs3842570) with T2DM and T2DM-related anthropometric and metabolic traits in the Noakhali region of Bangladesh. This case-control study included 202 T2DM patients and 75 healthy individuals from different places in Noakhali. A significant association (p < 0.05) of SNP-19 with T2DM in co-dominant 2R/3R vs. 3R/3R (odds ratio [OR], 2.7; p=0.0014) and dominant (2R/3R) + (2R/2R) vs. 3R/3R (OR, 2.47; p=0.0011) genetic models was observed. High-risk allele 2R also showed a significant association with T2DM in the allelic model (OR, 1.67; p=0.0109). The genotypic frequency of SNP-19 variants showed consistency with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). Additionally, SNP-19 genetic variants showed potential associations with the anthropometric and metabolic traits of T2DM patients in terms of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Our approach identifies the 2R/3R genotype of SNP-19 as a significant risk factor for biogenesis of T2DM in the Noakhali population. Furthermore, a large-scale study could be instrumental to correlate this finding in overall Bangladeshi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munia Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mafizul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Murad Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Anisur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Shuvo Chandra Das
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Dhirendra Nath Barman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Siddiqi Mitu
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Shipan Das Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
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Al Qurabiy HE, Abbas IM, Hammadi ATA, Mohsen FK, Salman RI, Dilfy SH. Urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes mellitus and the role of parental genetics in the emergence of the disease. J Med Life 2022; 15:955-962. [PMID: 36188660 PMCID: PMC9514823 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the role of paternal genetics in the development of diabetic mellitus (DM) and determine the impact of DM on the urinary system by investigating the percentage of patients with urinary tract infection (UTI). The study included 100 people with DM; their ages ranged from 5 to 83 years. The DM and blood sugar levels were diagnosed clinically and at a laboratory in Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital and the outpatient clinics. The age, gender, and causes of DM and the family history of diabetes were reported. Isolation and identification of bacterial species were made depending on culture media and biochemical tests. The average age of patients was 47.7±5.5, and most of them were female (67%). The incidence of DM increased with age, and the main cause of DM was likely to be a genetic predisposition (family history), where 32% of patients appeared to have a positive family history and the presence of DM in both parents or only the mother had a significant role in increasing the genetic predisposition of developing DM. Among the non-genetic causes of DM, the most common was exposure to sudden psychological or nervous shock (41%). Obesity also had an important role in the development of diabetes, and also pregnancy and smoking. Moreover, 66% of patients with type 2 DM and all with type 1 DM suffered from UTIs. The main causative agents were E. coli (60%) and Proteus spp. (13%). The majority of patients suffering from UTIs (73%) were females. In conclusion, type 2 DM is the most common, especially in females, and increases with age. The main cause of DM was family genetic predisposition and sudden shocks. The current study also showed that most diabetic patients suffered from UTIs, especially females, and the main causes of UTI inflammation are E. coli isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ihab Majeed Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq
| | | | - Farah Kadhim Mohsen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq
| | - Rasha Ibrahim Salman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq
| | - Saja Hussain Dilfy
- Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, Wasit University, Al-Kut, Iraq,Corresponding Author: Saja Hussain Dilfy, Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, Wasit University, Al-Kut, Iraq. E-mail:
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El-Far SW, Kassem HS, Embaby AM, Saad AA, Mowafy N, Haroun M. Association of CAPN10 haplotype combinations with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome among Egyptians: pilot study—genotyping of three CAPN10 variants. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
T2DM is a polygenic, metabolic complex and multifactorial disease. Several genes contribute to risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome among different populations.
Results
An relationship between three identified CAPN-10 variants [SNP-43 (rs#3792267), SNP-19 (rs#3842570) and SNP-63 (rs#5030952)] localized on 2q37 and type 2 diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MS) have been reported in our comparative study (diabetic vs health control individuals). Genotyping of study cohorts was carried out using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR). Statistical analysis of data reveals that the haplotype combination 111/112 confers a significant risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with the homozygous haplotype combination of 122/122 are less susceptible to MS when compared to other patients carrying other haplotype combinations. Regarding obesity, a core component in MS, the haplotype combinations 111/121 and 122/122 demonstrate a significant protective role. Furthermore, the haplotype combination 111/111 displays a significant risk for high levels of total cholesterol.
Conclusion
Present findings address that these haplotype combinations 111/112, 111/121 and 122/122 of CAPN-10 SNP-43, -19 and -63 constitute unique DNA biomarker fingerprints toward susceptibility and risk for T2DM and MS among Egyptians when compared to other haplotype combinations reported in other populations of different ethnicity. To enhance the power of human evolution control nowadays, mutations and polymorphisms in target genes associated with human diseases should be well understood.
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Bhori M, Rastogi V, Tungare K, Marar T. A review on interplay between obesity, lipoprotein profile and nutrigenetics with selected candidate marker genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:687-703. [PMID: 34669123 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a rapidly growing epidemic, and its frequently related complications demand global attention. The two factors commonly attributed to the epidemic are genetic factors and environmental factors. Studies indicate that the genetic makeup at an individual level and the environmental aspects influence the occurrence of the disease. However, there is insufficiency in understanding the mechanisms through which the gene mutations and environmental components individually lead to T2DM. Also, discrepancies have often been noted in the association of gene variants and type 2 diabetes when the gene factor is examined as a sole attribute to the disease. STUDY In this review initially, we have focused on the proposed ways through which CAPN10, FABP2, GLUT2, TCF7L2, and ENPP1 variants lead to T2DM along with the inconsistencies observed in the gene-disease association. The article also emphasizes on obesity, lipoprotein profile, and nutrition as environmental factors and how they lead to T2DM. Finally, the main objective is explored, the environment-gene-disease association i.e. the influence of each environmental factor on the aforementioned specific gene-T2DM relationship to understand if the disease-causing capability of the gene variants is exacerbated by environmental influences. CONCLUSION We found that environmental factors may influence the gene-disease relationship. Reciprocally, the genetic factors may alter the environment-disease relationship. To precisely conclude that the two factors act synergistically to lead to T2DM, more attention has to be paid to the combined influence of the genetic variants and environmental factors on T2DM occurrence instead of studying the influence of the factors separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustansir Bhori
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Varuni Rastogi
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Kanchanlata Tungare
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India.
| | - Thankamani Marar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
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Khatami F, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Tavangar SM. The Importance of Precision Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): From Pharmacogenetic and Pharmacoepigenetic Aspects. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:719-731. [PMID: 31122183 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190228102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide disorder as the most important challenges of health-care systems. Controlling the normal glycaemia greatly profit long-term prognosis and gives explanation for early, effective, constant, and safe intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS Finding the main genetic and epigenetic profile of T2DM and the exact molecular targets of T2DM medications can shed light on its personalized management. The comprehensive information of T2DM was earned through the genome-wide association study (GWAS) studies. In the current review, we represent the most important candidate genes of T2DM like CAPN10, TCF7L2, PPAR-γ, IRSs, KCNJ11, WFS1, and HNF homeoboxes. Different genetic variations of a candidate gene can predict the efficacy of T2DM personalized strategy medication. RESULTS SLCs and AMPK variations are considered for metformin, CYP2C9, KATP channel, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B and KCNQ1 for sulphonylureas, OATP1B, and KCNQ1 for repaglinide and the last but not the least ADIPOQ, PPAR-γ, SLC, CYP2C8, and SLCO1B1 for thiazolidinediones response prediction. CONCLUSION Taken everything into consideration, there is an extreme need to determine the genetic status of T2DM patients in some known genetic region before planning the medication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khatami
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Mohajeri-Tehrani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed M Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhao F, Mamatyusupu D, Wang Y, Fang H, Wang H, Gao Q, Dong H, Ge S, Yu X, Zhang J, Wu L, Song M, Wang W. The Uyghur population and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes: potential role for variants in CAPN10, APM1 and FUT6 genes. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:2138-2147. [PMID: 27374856 PMCID: PMC5082412 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome‐wide association studies have successfully identified over 70 loci associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in multiple populations of European ancestry. However, the risk attributable to an individual variant is modest and does not yet provide convincing evidence for clinical utility. Association between these established genetic variants and T2DM in general populations is hitherto understudied in the isolated populations, such as the Uyghurs, resident in Hetian, far southern Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. In this case–control study, we genotyped 13 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 10 genes associated with diabetes in 130 cases with T2DM and 135 healthy controls of Uyghur, a Chinese minority ethnic group. Three of the 13 SNPs demonstrated significant association with T2DM in the Uyghur population. There were significant differences between the T2DM patients and controls in the risk allele distributions of rs3792267 (CAPN10) (P = 0.002), rs1501299 (APM1) (P = 0.017), and rs3760776 (FUT6) (P = 0.031). Allelic carriers of rs3792267‐A, rs1501299‐T, and rs3760776‐T had a 2.24‐fold [OR (95% CI): 1.35–3.71], 0.59‐fold [OR (95% CI): 0.39–0.91], 0.57‐fold [OR (95% CI): 0.34–0.95] increased risk for T2DM respectively. We further confirmed that the cumulative risk allelic scores calculated from the 13 susceptibility loci for T2DM differed significantly between the T2DM patients and controls (P = 0.001), and the effect of obesity/overweight on T2DM was only observed in the subjects with a combined risk allelic score under a value of 17. This study observed that the SNPs rs3792267 in CAPN10, rs1501299 in APM1, and rs3760776 in FUT6 might serve as potential susceptible biomarkers for T2DM in Uyghurs. The cumulative risk allelic scores of multiple loci with modest individual effects are also significant risk factors in Uyghurs for T2DM, particularly among non‐obese individuals. This is the first investigation having observed/found genetic variations on genetic loci functionally linked with glycosylation associated with the risk of T2DM in a Uyghur population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Dolikun Mamatyusupu
- College of the Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Fang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Dong
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Ge
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwei Yu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Manshu Song
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China. .,School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
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8
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Yako YY, Guewo-Fokeng M, Balti EV, Bouatia-Naji N, Matsha TE, Sobngwi E, Erasmus RT, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Kengne AP. Genetic risk of type 2 diabetes in populations of the African continent: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 114:136-50. [PMID: 26830076 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is growing faster in Africa than anywhere else, driven by the dual effects of genetic and environmental factors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of published studies on genetic markers of T2D in populations within Africa. METHODS Multiple databases were searched for studies of genetic variants associated with T2D in populations living in Africa. Studies reporting on the association of a genetic marker with T2D or indicators of glycaemia were included. Data were extracted on study design and characteristics, genetic determinants, effect estimates of associations with T2D. FINDINGS Overall, 100 polymorphisms in 57 genes have been investigated in relation with T2D in populations within Africa, in 60 studies. Almost all studies used the candidate gene approach, with >88% published during 2006-2014 and 70% (42/60) originating from Tunisia and Egypt. Polymorphisms in ACE, AGRP, eNOS, GSTP1, HSP70-2, MC4R, MTHFR, PHLPP, POL1, TCF7L2, and TNF-α gene were found to be associated with T2D, with overlapping effect on various cardiometabolic traits. The polymorphisms investigated in multiple studies mostly had consistent effects across studies, with only modest or no statistical heterogeneity. Effect sizes were modestly significant [e.g., odd ratio 1.49 (95%CI 1.33-1.66) for TCF7L2 (rs7903146)]. Underpowered genome-wide studies revealed no diabetes risk loci specific to African populations. INTERPRETATION Current evidence on the genetic markers of T2D in African populations mostly originate from North African countries, is overall scanty and largely insufficient to reliably inform the genetic architecture of T2D across Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandiswa Y Yako
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Magellan Guewo-Fokeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Eric V Balti
- Diabetes Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Brussels Free University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nabila Bouatia-Naji
- INSERM UMR970 Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, 56 rue Leblanc F-75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, PRES Paris Sorbonne, 12 rue de l'école de medecine F75006 Paris, France
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eugene Sobngwi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Medicine, MedStar Health System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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9
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Yako YY, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Balti EV, Matsha TE, Sobngwi E, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP. Genetic association studies of obesity in Africa: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2015; 16:259-72. [PMID: 25641693 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is increasing in Africa, but the underlying genetic background largely remains unknown. We assessed existing evidence on genetic determinants of obesity among populations within Africa. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched and the bibliographies of retrieved articles were examined. Included studies had to report on the association of a genetic marker with obesity indices and the presence/occurrence of obesity/obesity trait. Data were extracted on study design and characteristics, genetic determinants and effect estimates of associations with obesity indices. According to this data, over 300 polymorphisms in 42 genes have been studied in various population groups within Africa mostly through the candidate gene approach. Polymorphisms in genes such as ACE, ADIPOQ, ADRB2, AGRP, AR, CAPN10, CD36, C7orf31, DRD4, FTO, MC3R, MC4R, SGIP1 and LEP were found to be associated with various measures of obesity. Of the 36 polymorphisms previously validated by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) elsewhere, only FTO and MC4R polymorphisms showed significant associations with obesity in black South Africans, Nigerians and Ghanaians. However, these data are insufficient to establish the true nature of genetic susceptibility to obesity in populations within Africa. There has been recent progress in describing the genetic architecture of obesity among populations within Africa. This effort needs to be sustained via GWAS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Yako
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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10
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Seck SM, Dia DG, Doupa D, Diop-Dia A, Thiam I, Ndong M, Gueye L. Diabetes Burden in Urban and Rural Senegalese Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2012. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:163641. [PMID: 26491437 PMCID: PMC4605376 DOI: 10.1155/2015/163641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes represents a challenging global health issue in the 21st century. Data from sub-Saharan African populations are scarce and are usually restricted to urban settings. The objective of this study was to compare prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in rural and urban areas in Senegal. Methods. In a community-based survey between January and May 2012, we included 1027 adults aged ≥18 years living in northern Senegal. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were collected during household visits. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with diabetes. Results. Mean age of participants was 48.0 ± 16.9 years and 65.7% were female. Participants from urban area represented 55.7%. The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes was 7.6% (6.0% in men versus 9.0% in women). Prevalence of diabetes was higher in urban areas (8.1%) compared to rural areas (4.6%). Disease awareness rate was 43%. After multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.63, p = 0.001), familial history of diabetes (OR = 1.42, p = 0.001), and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.17, p = 0.05) were associated with diabetes. Conclusion. Diabetes is frequent in urban and rural areas in Senegal. Awareness rate is very low among populations. Age, family history of diabetes, and abdominal obesity are the main risk factors identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Seck
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
- *S. M. Seck:
| | - D. G. Dia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - D. Doupa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - A. Diop-Dia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - I. Thiam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - M. Ndong
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - L. Gueye
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the result of interaction between environmental factors and a strong hereditary component. We review the heritability of T2D as well as the history of genetic and genomic research in this area. Very few T2D risk genes were identified using candidate gene and linkage-based studies, but the advent of genome-wide association studies has led to the identification of multiple genes, including several that were not previously known to play any role in T2D. Highly replicated genes, for example TCF7L2, KCNQ1 and KCNJ11, are discussed in greater detail. Taken together, the genetic loci discovered to date explain only a small proportion of the observed heritability. We discuss possible explanations for this “missing heritability”, including the role of rare variants, gene-environment interactions and epigenetics. The clinical utility of current findings and avenues of future research are also discussed.
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Kengne AP, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Sobngwi E, Mbanya JC. New insights on diabetes mellitus and obesity in Africa-part 1: prevalence, pathogenesis and comorbidities. Heart 2013; 99:979-83. [PMID: 23680891 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-303316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence continues to accumulate on the rising burden of diabetes mellitus at a higher pace in Africa. In a series of two papers, we sought to summarise recent evidence on diabetes and obesity in Africa based on a systematic review of studies published between January 2002 and October 2012. This first paper on the prevalence, pathogenesis and comorbidities shows that the increase in diabetes prevalence has paralleled that of obesity in Africa. Recent surveys on diabetes and obesity have been largely suboptimal. Hence, the need for more representative and robust continent-wide prevalence figures, which may be somehow achieved through pooling of existing data. Prospective studies linking environmental risk factors to disease occurrence and outcomes remain scarce, and genetic factors for diabetes or obesity have not been extensively assessed. The health consequences of diabetes are manifold, and include a complex interaction with other conditions like HIV infection and sickle cell disease/trait.
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Berhouma R, Kouidhi S, Ammar M, Abid H, Baroudi T, Ennafaa H, Benammar-Elgaaied A. Genetic Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes: A Global Meta-Analysis Studying the Genetic Differences in Tunisian Populations. Hum Biol 2012; 84:423-35. [DOI: 10.3378/027.084.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Plengvidhya N, Chanprasert K, Tangjittipokin W, Thongnoppakhun W, Yenchitsomanus PT. Identification of copy number variation of CAPN10 in Thais with type 2 diabetes by multiplex PCR and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). Gene 2012; 506:383-6. [PMID: 22796443 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) have been shown to be associated with several diseases. They can cause deviation of genotypes from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). Genetic case-control association studies in Thais revealed that genotype distribution of CAPN10 Indel19 was deviated from HWE after correction of genotyping error. Therefore, we aim to identify CNVs within CAPN10 Indel19 region. The semi-quantitative denaturating high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) method was used to detect CNVs in the region of CAPN10 Indel19 marker in cohort of 305 patients with type 2 diabetes and 250 control subjects without diabetes. CNVs in the region of CAPN10 Indel19 was successfully detected by DHPLC. After correction of genotype calling based on the status of identified CNVs, CAPN10 Indel19 genotypes were well-fitted for HWE (p>0.05). However, we did not find association between CNV genotypes and risk of type 2 diabetes in our population. CNVs in CAPN10 have been identified in Thais. These CNVs lead to deviation from HWE of CAPN10 Indel19 genotypes. After excluding identified CNVs from the analysis, CAPN10 Indel19 was associated with type 2 diabetes. The information obtained from our study would be helpful for genotyping accuracies of SNPs residing in the CNVs region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattachet Plengvidhya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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Diet, genetics, and disease: a focus on the middle East and north Africa region. J Nutr Metab 2012; 2012:109037. [PMID: 22536488 PMCID: PMC3321453 DOI: 10.1155/2012/109037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region suffers a drastic change from a traditional diet to an industrialized diet. This has led to an unparalleled increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases. This review discusses the role of nutritional genomics, or the dietary signature, in these dietary and disease changes in the MENA. The diet-genetics-disease relation is discussed in detail. Selected disease categories in the MENA are discussed starting with a review of their epidemiology in the different MENA countries, followed by an examination of the known genetic factors that have been reported in the disease discussed, whether inside or outside the MENA. Several diet-genetics-disease relationships in the MENA may be contributing to the increased prevalence of civilization disorders of metabolism and micronutrient deficiencies. Future research in the field of nutritional genomics in the MENA is needed to better define these relationships.
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