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Lin S, Liu R, Zhang Z, Liu F, Qin S, Wei Y, Wang F. Sex-specific immune-inflammatory markers and lipoprotein profile in patients with anhedonia with unipolar and bipolar depression. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:879. [PMID: 38012724 PMCID: PMC10680275 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is a core symptom in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. However, sex-specific markers reflecting biological heterogeneity are lacking. Emerging evidence suggests that sex differences in immune-inflammatory markers and lipoprotein profiles are associated with anhedonia. METHODS The demographic and clinical data, immune-inflammatory markers (CD3, CD4, and CD8), and lipoprotein profiles [TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, lipoprotein(a) Lp (a)] of 227 patients with unipolar and bipolar depression were collected. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) were used to assess depression and anhedonia symptoms. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS Male patients in the anhedonia group had higher levels of CD3, CD4, and CD8, and lower levels of Lp (a) than the non-anhedonia group, while no significant difference was identified in female patients with and without anhedonia. Logistic regression analysis showed that CD3, CD4, CD8, and Lp (a) levels were associated with anhedonia in male patients. Furthermore, the combination of CD3, CD4, CD8, and Lp (a) had the strongest predictive value for distinguishing anhedonia in male patients than individual parameters. CONCLUSIONS We identified sex-specific associations between immune-inflammatory markers, lipoprotein profiles, and anhedonia in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. The combination of CD3, CD4, CD8, and Lp (a) might be a possible biomarker for identifying anhedonia in male patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjuan Lin
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongxun Liu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Fengyi Liu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shisen Qin
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yange Wei
- Department of Early Intervention, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
- School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China.
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Llop D, Feliu A, Ibarretxe D, Escribano J, Plana N, Borjabad-Rodríguez C, Masana L, Vallvé JC. Lipoprotein profile assessed by 1H NMR, BMI and blood pressure are associated with vascular alterations in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2035-2043. [PMID: 37543518 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Children with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) have elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations since birth, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Arterial injury and stiffness parameters, including carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and distensibility (DIST), can be detected early in childhood. We studied the associations between cIMT, PWV and DIST with the lipoprotein profile assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and with influential variables such as blood pressure (BP) or body mass index (BMI) in children with FH. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, we included 201 children (96 with FH and 105 non-FH controls). Clinical history, physical examination and standard biochemical studies were performed. FH genetic testing was performed when clinically indicated. Carotid ultrasonography and an advanced lipoprotein profile by 1H NMR were performed. Multivariate and classification methods were used. There were no differences between cIMT, PWV and DIST between FH and non-FH children. FH children presented more total LDL and large, medium and small particles. Small LDL particles, BMI and systolic BP determined the presence of pathological IMT in the FH group. LDL size, high-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoprotein particles together with blood pressure determined the presence of pathological arterial wall elasticity. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in lipoprotein parameters assessed by are associated with early structural and functional arterial characteristics in children with FH. BMI and BP act as boosting factors. Cardiovascular prevention should start early in children with FH, encompassing all components of a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Llop
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Feliu
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - D Ibarretxe
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Escribano
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - N Plana
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Borjabad-Rodríguez
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Masana
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J C Vallvé
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain.
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Bhori M, Rastogi V, Tungare K, Marar T. A review on interplay between obesity, lipoprotein profile and nutrigenetics with selected candidate marker genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:687-703. [PMID: 34669123 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a rapidly growing epidemic, and its frequently related complications demand global attention. The two factors commonly attributed to the epidemic are genetic factors and environmental factors. Studies indicate that the genetic makeup at an individual level and the environmental aspects influence the occurrence of the disease. However, there is insufficiency in understanding the mechanisms through which the gene mutations and environmental components individually lead to T2DM. Also, discrepancies have often been noted in the association of gene variants and type 2 diabetes when the gene factor is examined as a sole attribute to the disease. STUDY In this review initially, we have focused on the proposed ways through which CAPN10, FABP2, GLUT2, TCF7L2, and ENPP1 variants lead to T2DM along with the inconsistencies observed in the gene-disease association. The article also emphasizes on obesity, lipoprotein profile, and nutrition as environmental factors and how they lead to T2DM. Finally, the main objective is explored, the environment-gene-disease association i.e. the influence of each environmental factor on the aforementioned specific gene-T2DM relationship to understand if the disease-causing capability of the gene variants is exacerbated by environmental influences. CONCLUSION We found that environmental factors may influence the gene-disease relationship. Reciprocally, the genetic factors may alter the environment-disease relationship. To precisely conclude that the two factors act synergistically to lead to T2DM, more attention has to be paid to the combined influence of the genetic variants and environmental factors on T2DM occurrence instead of studying the influence of the factors separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustansir Bhori
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Varuni Rastogi
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Kanchanlata Tungare
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India.
| | - Thankamani Marar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
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Yahya R, Jainandunsing S, Rashid M, van der Zee L, Touw A, de Rooij FWM, Sijbrands EJG, Verhoeven AJM, Mulder MT. HDL associates with insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in South Asian families at risk of type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107993. [PMID: 34384708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dyslipidemia precedes type 2 diabetes (T2D) and worsens with increasing glucose intolerance. First degree relatives of T2D patients have an increased risk to develop dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance. The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between the development of dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance in first-degree relatives of T2D patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fasting lipoprotein profiles were determined by density gradient ultracentrifugation in T2D patients and their first-degree relatives (42 Caucasians and 33 South Asians), and in 29 normoglycemic controls from non-T2D families. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and insulin disposition index (DI) were assessed by an extended, frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and fractional insulin synthesis rate (FSR) was measured by 13C-leucine enrichment in urinary C-peptide during the OGTT. RESULTS Of the first-degree relatives, 40, 16 and 19 had NGT, prediabetes and T2D, respectively. NGT family members had lower plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDLC) (1.34 ± 0.07 vs 1.58 ± 0.06 mmol/L; p = 0.015), HDL2-C (0.41 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.05 mmol/L; p = 0.021) and HDL3-C (0.62 ± 0.03 vs 0.72 ± 0.02 mmol/L; p = 0.043) than controls. HDL2-C levels tended to decrease with increasing glucose intolerance state. In South Asians, buoyant LDL-C levels decreased with increasing glucose intolerance state (p = 0.006). In South Asian families, HDL-C correlated with both ISI and DI (β 0.42; p = 0.04 and β 0.53; p = 0.01, respectively), whereas HDL2-C and HDL3-C levels correlated with DI (β 0.64; p = 0.002 and β 0.57; p = 0.005, respectively). HDL2-C and plasma triglyceride correlated with FSR (β 0.48; p = 0.033 and β -0.50; p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Low HDL2-C and HDL3-C levels are present in NGT first-degree relatives of T2D patients, and HDL2-C tend to decrease further with increasing glucose intolerance. In South Asian families HDL2-C and HDL3-C levels linked predominantly to deteriorating beta cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yahya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Jainandunsing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Rashid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L van der Zee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Touw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F W M de Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E J G Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A J M Verhoeven
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - M T Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Millar SR, Navarro P, Harrington JM, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Perry IJ, Phillips CM. Comparing dietary score associations with lipoprotein particle subclass profiles: A cross-sectional analysis of a middle-to older-aged population. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4720-9. [PMID: 34237699 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lipoprotein particle concentrations and size are associated with increased risk for atherosclerosis and premature cardiovascular disease. Studies also suggest that certain dietary behaviours may be cardioprotective. Limited comparative data regarding any dietary score/index-lipoprotein particle subclass associations exist. Thus, our objective was to assess relationships between the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Health Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Mediterranean Diet (MD) and Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™) scores and plasma lipids and lipoprotein profiles to test the hypothesis that healthier diet (better quality and more anti-inflammatory) would be associated with a more favourable lipoprotein profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 1862 men and women aged 46-73 years, randomly selected from a large primary care centre in Ireland. DASH, HEI-2015, MD and E-DII scores were derived from food frequency questionnaires. Lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and size were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Correlation and multivariate-adjusted linear regression analyses with correction for multiple testing were performed to examine dietary score relationships with lipoprotein particle subclasses. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, higher diet quality or a more anti-inflammatory diet was associated with less large and medium very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) (DASH and HEI-2015), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) (DASH, MD and E-DII) and small high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (DASH, HEI-2015 and E-DII) particles. After accounting for multiple testing, relationships with large VLDL (DASH: β = -0.102, p = .037), IDL (DASH: β = -0.089, p = .037) and small HDL (DASH: β = -0.551, p = .014 and E-DII: β = 0.483, p = .019) concentrations persisted. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that better diet quality, determined by the DASH score, may be more closely associated with a more favourable lipoprotein particle subclass profile in middle-to older-aged adults than the HEI-2015, MD and E-DII scores. A less pro-atherogenic lipoprotein status may be a potential mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effects of higher dietary quality.
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Xia M, Zeng H, Wang S, Tang H, Gao X. Insights into contribution of genetic variants towards the susceptibility of MAFLD revealed by the NMR-based lipoprotein profiling. J Hepatol 2021; 74:974-7. [PMID: 33340578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rodríguez-Borjabad C, Malo AI, Ibarretxe D, Girona J, Heras M, Ferré R, Feliu A, Salvadó M, Varela A, Amigó N, Masana L, Plana N. Efficacy of therapeutic lifestyle changes on lipid profiles assessed by NMR in children with familial and non-familial hypercholesterolemia. Clin Investig Arterioscler 2020; 32:49-58. [PMID: 32005605 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The first line of therapy in children with hypercholesterolaemia is therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLSC). The efficacy of lifestyle intervention in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), where LDL-C levels are genetically driven, deserves a focused study. AIMS To evaluate the impact of a lifestyle education program, focused on food patterns and physical activity, on lipid profiles assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in children with FH vs. non-FH. METHODS Phase 1 was a cross-sectional study of baseline characteristics, and phase 2 was a prospective TLSC intervention study. In total, the study included 238 children (4 to 18 years old; 47% girls) attending the lipid unit of our hospital due to high cholesterol levels. Eighty-five were diagnosed with FH (72% genetic positive), and 153 were diagnosed with non-Familial hypercholesterolaemia. A quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 137 items was used. Physical activity (PA) was assessed by the Minnesota questionnaire. The lipid profile was assessed using the 2D-1H-NMR (Liposcale test). A total of 127 children (81 in the FH group) participated in the prospective phase and were re-assessed after 1 year of the TLSC intervention, consisting of education on lifestyle changes delivered by a specialized nutritionist. RESULTS The FH and non-FH groups were similar in anthropometry and clinical data, except that those in the FH were slightly younger than those in the non-FH group. Both the FH and non-FH groups showed a similar diet composition characterized by a high absolute calorie intake and a high percentage of fat, mainly saturated fat. The PA was below the recommended level in both groups. After one year of TLSC, the percentage of total and saturated fats was reduced, and the amount of fiber increased significantly in both groups. The percentage of protein increased slightly. The number of children engaged in at least 1 hour/day of PA increased by 56% in the FH group and by 53% in the non-FH group, and both these increases were significant. The total and small-LDL particle numbers were reduced in both groups, although the absolute change was greater in the FH group than in the non-FH group. CONCLUSIONS Educational strategies to implement TLSC in children lead to empowerment, increased adherence, and overall metabolic improvement in children with high blood cholesterol, including those with FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cèlia Rodríguez-Borjabad
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Irene Malo
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Girona
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Heras
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raimon Ferré
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Feliu
- Pediatrics Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | | | | | - Núria Amigó
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Luis Masana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Núria Plana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez-Borjabad C, Ibarretxe D, Girona J, Ferré R, Feliu A, Amigó N, Guijarro E, Masana L, Plana N. Lipoprotein profile assessed by 2D-1H-NMR and subclinical atherosclerosis in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclerosis 2018; 270:117-122. [PMID: 29407879 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is underdiagnosed in children. In addition to lipid concentrations, lipoprotein particle quantity and quality could influence cardiovascular risk. We aimed to perform a comprehensive plasma lipid study, including lipoprotein particle number and size assessment by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-1H-NMR), in children with FH compared to non-affected children and to evaluate the clinical value of these factors as subclinical atherosclerosis biomarkers. METHODS One hundred eighty-three children participating in the broad "Hypercholesterolemia Early Detection Programme" (Decopin Project) were recruited. They were categorized as FH, if they had either a positive genetic test or clinical certainty, or as control children (CCh). Medical history, anthropometry and clinical variables were recorded. Standard biochemical measurements were performed. The lipoprotein profile was studied by 2D-1H-NMR. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was assessed by sonography in 177 children. RESULTS FH children had a significant 36% increase in LDL particles. The small LDL fraction was increased by 33% compared to CCh. The relative relationship between large, medium and small LDL and the mean LDL particle size was similar between FH children and CCh. The total and small LDL particle numbers were directly associated with and contributed to the determination of the mean cIMT according to bivariate and multivariate analyses in FH children. CONCLUSIONS The higher cholesterol levels of FH children are due to an overall increased number of all LDL particle subclasses, including a notable 33% increase in small LDL. Total and small LDL particle number shows a good correlation with cIMT in FH children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cèlia Rodríguez-Borjabad
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Girona
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raimon Ferré
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Feliu
- Pediatrics Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Luis Masana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Núria Plana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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Hanks LJ, Pelham JH, Vaid S, Casazza K, Ashraf AP. Overweight adolescents with type 2 diabetes have significantly higher lipoprotein abnormalities than those with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 115:83-9. [PMID: 27242127 PMCID: PMC5373667 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Diabetes-associated glucoregulatory derangements may precipitate atherogenesis in childhood and CVD risk, particularly with obesity. We aimed to delineate lipoprotein profile differences between children with type 1 and 2 diabetes who are overweight/obese. METHODS Data were obtained from electronic medical records of patients ≥85th BMI percentile with type 1 (n=159) and type 2 (n=77) diabetes, ages 12-19y. Group differences were evaluated by correlations and general linear modeling analysis, adjusting for BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes duration. RESULTS There were no group differences in TC, LDL, or non-HDL. Fewer subjects with type 1 diabetes had low HDL (17 vs. 30%; P<0.05). While no difference in HbA1c level was observed between groups, HbA1c was positively correlated with TC (P≤0.0001), LDL (P≤0.0001), non-HDL (P≤0.0001), ApoB100 (P≤0.0001), and LDL pattern B (P≤0.0001). In adjusted models, apoB100 (85.4 vs. 91.3mg/dl; P<0.05) and incidence of LDL pattern B (21 vs. 42%; P<0.01) were lower in subjects with type 1 diabetes. BMI was inversely correlated with HDL, HDL-2 and HDL-3 (all P≤0.0001). The correlation of BMI with HDL-2 and HDL-3 were attenuated when evaluating subjects by diabetes type. CONCLUSIONS Despite having no difference in absolute LDL levels, children with type 2 diabetes were more likely to have small, dense LDL particle pattern, higher apo B100 and lower total HDL, HDL-2, and HDL-3 fractions. Furthermore, poor glycemic control was associated with abnormal lipoprotein profiles in patients with both type 1 and 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynae J Hanks
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), CPPII M30, 1601 4th Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - James Heath Pelham
- UAB School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294-0113, United States
| | - Shalini Vaid
- UAB School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294-0113, United States
| | - Krista Casazza
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, CPP1 310, 1601 4th Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35233-1711, United States
| | - Ambika P Ashraf
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), CPPII M30, 1601 4th Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35233, United States.
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Ariel D, Kim SH, Abbasi F, Lamendola CA, Liu A, Reaven GM. Effect of liraglutide administration and a calorie-restricted diet on lipoprotein profile in overweight/obese persons with prediabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:1317-1322. [PMID: 25280957 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To evaluate the effects of 14 weeks of liraglutide plus modest caloric restriction on lipid/lipoprotein metabolism in overweight/obese persons with prediabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS Volunteers with prediabetes followed a calorie-restricted diet (-500 Kcal/day) plus liraglutide (n = 23) or placebo (n = 27) for 14 weeks. The groups were similar in age (58 ± 7 vs. 58 ± 8 years) and body mass index (31.9 ± 2.8 vs. 31.9 ± 3.5 kg/m(2)). A comprehensive lipid/lipoprotein profile was obtained before and after intervention using vertical auto profile (VAP). Weight loss was greater in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group (6.9 vs. 3.3 kg, p < 0.001), as was the fall in fasting plasma glucose concentration (9.9 mg/dL vs. 0.3 mg/dL, p < 0.001). VAP analysis revealed multiple improvements in lipid/lipoprotein metabolism in liraglutide-treated compared with placebo-treated volunteers, including decreases in concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and several of its subclasses, triglyceride, and non-high-density cholesterol. The liraglutide-treated group also had a significant shift away from small, dense low-density lipoprotein-particles, as well as decreases in apolipoprotein B concentration and ratio of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-1. There were no significant changes in the lipoprotein profile in the placebo-treated group. CONCLUSION Treatment with liraglutide plus modest calorie restriction led to enhanced weight loss, a decrease in fasting plasma glucose concentration, and improvement in multiple aspects of lipid/lipoprotein metabolism associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The significant clinical benefit associated with liraglutide-assisted weight loss in a group at high risk for CVD - obese/overweight individuals with prediabetes - as seen in our pilot study, suggests that this approach deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ariel
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - F Abbasi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - C A Lamendola
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A Liu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G M Reaven
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Jelenkovic A, Bogl LH, Rose RJ, Kangas AJ, Soininen P, Ala-Korpela M, Kaprio J, Silventoinen K. Association between serum fatty acids and lipoprotein subclass profile in healthy young adults: exploring common genetic and environmental factors. Atherosclerosis 2014; 233:394-402. [PMID: 24530769 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the associations of serum fatty acids with lipoprotein profile and the underlying genetic and environmental etiology of these relationships. We aimed to analyze the phenotypic association of serum n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated (PUFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs) and saturated (SFAs) fatty acids (relative proportion to total fatty acids) with lipids and lipoproteins, and to quantify common genetic and environmental factors determining their covariation. METHODS Two cohorts of healthy Finnish twins were assessed in young adulthood. Data were available for 1269 individual twins including 561 complete pairs. Serum metabolites were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bivariate quantitative genetic models were used to decompose the phenotypic covariance between the pairs of traits into genetic and environmental components. RESULTS Among the strongest correlations observed, serum total n-6 PUFAs and linoleic acid were inversely (max. r=-0.65) and MUFAs positively (max. r=0.63) correlated with triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particle concentration, particularly with large VLDL (for n-6 PUFAs) and medium VLDL (for MUFAs). Genetic factors significantly contributed to their covariance with bivariate heritability estimates ranging from 44% to 56% for n-6 PUFAs and 58% to 66% for MUFAs. Genetic correlations with lipid traits were moderate to high (max. rA=-0.59 and 0.70 for n-6 PUFAs and MUFAs, respectively). Statistically significant, but substantially weaker phenotypic correlations of total n-3 PUFAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and SFAs with lipoprotein profile were not decomposed into their genetic and environmental components. CONCLUSION Shared genetic factors are important in explaining why higher concentrations of serum n-6 PUFAs and lower concentrations of serum MUFAs strongly associate with lower triglyceride and VLDL particle concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Jelenkovic
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48011, Spain; Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Leonie H Bogl
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Richard J Rose
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA
| | - Antti J Kangas
- Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Pasi Soininen
- Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Finland; NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Finland; NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland; Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Karri Silventoinen
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Population Research Unit, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Takahashi J, Ogihara K, Naya Y, Kimura F, Itoh M, Iwama Y, Matsumoto Y, Toshima G, Hata K. An in vitro assay system for antihyperlipidemic agents by evaluating lipoprotein profiles from human intestinal epithelium-like cells. 3 Biotech 2013; 3:213-218. [PMID: 28324370 PMCID: PMC3646105 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-012-0085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an in vitro screening system for antihyperlipidemic activity by measuring lipoprotein profiles secreted from human intestinal epithelium-like cells from the colon cancer cell line, Caco-2. Sodium (Na) butyrate at 5 mM differentiated Caco-2 cells into intestinal epithelium-like cells and numerous microvilli on the apical side of cells were observed under transmission electron microscopy. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that Na butyrate stimulated expression levels of intestinal differentiation markers in Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner and 5 mM Na butyrate up-regulated intestinal alkaline phosphatase, sucrase–isomaltase complex, and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein by 8.1-, 1.9-, and 2.1-fold that of non-treated cells, respectively. Lipoprotein secretions from differentiated Caco-2 cells were promoted by lysophosphatidyl choline and Na oleate, which are a stimulator of lipoprotein secretion and a substrate of triglycerides, respectively. We examined the effects of Pluronic L-81, a lipoprotein secretion inhibitor, on lipoprotein profiles of differentiated Caco-2 cells. Pluronic L-81 at 1.0 μg/ml inhibited TG contents in lipoprotein fractions from cells by 25.6 % and secretion was completely suppressed by the agent at 10 μg/ml.
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