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Papadimitriou DT, Dermitzaki E, Christopoulos P, Papagianni M, Kleanthous K, Marakaki C, Papadimitriou A, Mastorakos G. Secondary Prevention of Diabetes Type 1 with Oral Calcitriol and Analogs, the PRECAL Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050862. [PMID: 37238410 DOI: 10.3390/children10050862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Screening for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D, incidence 1:300) with T1D autoantibodies (T1Ab) at ages 2 and 6, while sensitive, lacks a preventive strategy. Cholecalciferol 2000 IU daily since birth reduced T1D by 80% at 1 year. T1D-associated T1Ab negativized within 0.6 years with oral calcitriol in 12 children. To further investigate secondary prevention of T1D with calcitriol and its less calcemic analog, paricalcitol, we initiated a prospective interventional non-randomized clinical trial, the PRECAL study (ISRCTN17354692). In total, 50 high-risk children were included: 44 were positive for T1Ab, and 6 had predisposing for T1D HLA genotypes. Nine T1Ab+ patients had variable impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), four had pre-T1D (3 T1Ab+, 1 HLA+), nine had T1Ab+ new-onset T1D not requiring insulin at diagnosis. T1Ab, thyroid/anti-transglutaminase Abs, glucose/calcium metabolism were determined prior and q3-6 months on calcitriol, 0.05 mcg/Kg/day, or paricalcitol 1-4 mcg × 1-3 times/day p.o. while on cholecalciferol repletion. Available data on 42 (7 dropouts, 1 follow-up < 3 months) patients included: all 26 without pre-T1D/T1D followed for 3.06 (0.5-10) years negativized T1Ab (15 +IAA, 3 IA2, 4 ICA, 2 +GAD, 1 +IAA/+GAD, 1 +ICA/+GAD) within 0.57 (0.32-1.3) years or did not develop to T1D (5 +HLA, follow-up 3 (1-4) years). From four pre-T1D cases, one negativized T1Ab (follow-up 1 year), one +HLA did not progress to T1D (follow-up 3.3 years) and two +T1Ab patients developed T1D in 6 months/3 years. Three out of nine T1D cases progressed immediately to overt disease, six underwent complete remission for 1 year (1 month-2 years). Five +T1Ab patients relapsed and negativized again after resuming therapy. Four (aged <3 years) negativized anti-TPO/TG, and two anti-transglutaminase-IgA. Eight presented mild hypercalciuria/hypercalcemia, resolving with dose titration/discontinuation. Secondary prevention of T1D with calcitriol and paricalcitol seems possible and reasonably safe, if started soon enough after seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios T Papadimitriou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Department of Pediatric-Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens Medical Center, 15125 Marousi, Greece
| | - Eleni Dermitzaki
- Department of Pediatric-Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens Medical Center, 15125 Marousi, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Christopoulos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Papagianni
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Third Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokrateion Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kleanthis Kleanthous
- Department of Pediatric-Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens Medical Center, 15125 Marousi, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Marakaki
- Department of Pediatric-Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens Medical Center, 15125 Marousi, Greece
| | - Anastasios Papadimitriou
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Haidari, Greece
| | - George Mastorakos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Arévalo NB, Castillo-Godoy DP, Espinoza-Fuenzalida I, Rogers NK, Farias G, Delgado C, Henriquez M, Herrera L, Behrens MI, SanMartín CD. Association of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms with Amyloid-β Transporters Expression and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Chilean Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:S283-S297. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-201031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is due to an imbalance in its production/clearance rate. Aβ is transported across the blood-brain barrier by LRP1 and P-gp as efflux transporters and RAGE as influx transporter. Vitamin D deficit and polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Further, vitamin D promotes the expression of LRP1 and P-gp in AD-animal model brains. Objective: To associate VDR polymorphisms Apa I (rs7975232), Taq I (rs731236), and Fok I (rs2228570) with the risk of developing MCI in a Chilean population, and to evaluate the relationship of these polymorphisms to the expression of VDR and Aβ-transporters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: VDR polymorphisms Apa I, Taq I, and Fok I were determined in 128 healthy controls (HC) and 66 MCI patients. mRNA levels of VDR and Aβ-transporters were evaluated in subgroups by qPCR. Results: Alleles A of Apa I and C of Taq I were associated with a lower risk of MCI. HC with the Apa I AA genotype had higher mRNA levels of P-gp and LRP1, while the expression of VDR and RAGE were higher in MCI patients and HC. For Fok I, the TC genotype was associated with lower expression levels of Aβ-transporters in both groups. Conclusion: We propose that the response to vitamin D treatment will depend on VDR polymorphisms, being more efficient in carriers of protective alleles of Apa I polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohela B. Arévalo
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Nicole K. Rogers
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Farias
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada (CICA), Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Delgado
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Henriquez
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de Alta Letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa Herrera
- Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Behrens
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada (CICA), Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol D. SanMartín
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Tecnologia Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Le Roy C, Barja S, Sepúlveda C, Guzmán M, Olivarez M, Figueroa M, Alvarez M. Deficiencia de vitamina D y de hierro en niños y adolescentes con parálisis cerebral. Neurologia 2021; 36:112-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Vitamin D and iron deficiencies in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Zhai N, Bidares R, Makoui MH, Aslani S, Mohammadi P, Razi B, Imani D, Yazdchi M, Mikaeili H. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of the type 1 diabetes: a meta-regression and updated meta-analysis. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:121. [PMID: 32771009 PMCID: PMC7414991 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-00575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between the polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been evaluated in several studies. However, the findings were inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms on the risk of T1DM. METHODS All relevant studies reporting the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to T1DM published up to May 2020 were identified by comprehensive systematic database search in ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed/MEDLINE. Strength of association were assessed by calculating of pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The methodological quality of each study was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. To find the potential sources of heterogeneity, meta-regression and subgroup analysis were also performed. RESULTS A total of 39 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results of overall population rejected any significant association between VDR gene polymorphisms and T1DM risk. However, the pooled results of subgroup analysis revealed significant negative and positive associations between FokI and BsmI polymorphisms and T1DM in Africans and Americans, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested a significant association between VDR gene polymorphism and T1DM susceptibility in ethnic-specific analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhai
- Endocrine 1st Department, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Ramtin Bidares
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Masoud Hassanzadeh Makoui
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danyal Imani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yazdchi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haleh Mikaeili
- Tuberculosis and lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Silva-Sousa AC, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Freitas JV, Salles AG, Segato RABDS, Silva LABD, Antunes LAA, Antunes LS, Baratto-Filho F, Sousa-Neto MD, Küchler EC. Association between Estrogen, Vitamin D and Microrna17 Gene Polymorphisms and Periapical Lesions. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:19-24. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-644020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study evaluated the association between polymorphisms in genes encoding estrogen receptors 1 (ESR1) and 2 (ESR2), vitamin D receptor (VDR) and in microRNA17 (which binds to ESR1 and VDR) with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP) after the endodontic treatment. We included 162 patients who completed endodontic treatment at least one year ago and presented apical periodontitis at the beginning of the root canal therapy. Clinical and radiographic exams were performed to evaluate the presence of PAP or healthy periradicular tissues (healed). Saliva samples were collected as a genomic DNA. The genotyping of ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799), ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938), VDR (rs739837 and rs2228570) and miRNA17 (rs4284505) were performed by real-time PCR. Chi-square test was used to the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies. Haplotype analysis was also performed. Eighty-nine patients were included in the “healed” group and 73 in the “PAP” group. No association was found between the allelic and genotypic polymorphisms studied and PAP (p>0.05). Haplotype analysis also did not demonstrated an association (p>0.05). In conclusion, the genetic polymorphisms in ESR1, ESR2, VDR and miRNA17 are not associated with PAP.
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Grammatiki M, Karras S, Kotsa K. The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mellitus: a narrative review. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:37-48. [PMID: 30255482 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-018-0063-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder associated with chronic complications, is traditionally classified into two main subtypes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from gradual pancreatic islet β cell autoimmune destruction, extending over months or years. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disorder, with both insulin resistance and impairment in insulin secretion contributing to its pathogenesis. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with an established role in calcium metabolism. Recently, several studies have provided evidence suggesting a role for it in various non-skeletal metabolic conditions, including both types of diabetes mellitus. Preclinical studies of vitamin D action on insulin secretion, insulin action, inflammatory processes, and immune regulation, along with evidence of an increase of hypovitaminosis D worldwide, have prompted several epidemiological, observational, and supplementation clinical studies investigating a potential biological interaction between hypovitaminosis D and diabetes. This narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge on the effect of vitamin D on T1DM and T2DM pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment, as well as on micro- and macrovascular complications of the disease. Furthermore, on the basis of current existing evidence, we aim to highlight areas for potential future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grammatiki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism-Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, S. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spiros Karras
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism-Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, S. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism-Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, S. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Savastio S, Cadario F, Beux S, Giorgis A, Genoni G, Bagnati M, Bellomo G, Bona G, Maiuri L. Vitamin D and Type I Diabetes. Open Rheumatol J 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874312901812010289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in bone metabolism but is also endowed with the capability of modulating inflammatory and immune function. Recent studies reported a relationship between low vitamin D levels and several autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes. Vitamin D regulates the expression of over 200 genes, also related to immune modulation, suggesting a putative role in these diseases pathogenesis. This review overviews the most recent advances on the association between vitamin D and increased risk of Type 1 Diabetes as well as between vitamin D and either glucose homeostasis or insulin sensitivity. The effects of vitamin D in modulating the immune response and balancing anti-inflammatory cytokines, suggest that vitamin D system may represent an unforeseen target for the design of novel strategies for the treatment of patients with autoimmune diseases and in particular Type 1 Diabetes.
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The association of VDR polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in older people living in community in Santiago de Chile. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:31. [PMID: 29795525 PMCID: PMC5968031 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several polymorphisms have been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in different populations. OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequencies of a genetic polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (FokI and BsmI) in patients with T2D. METHODS The case-control study was conducted in 138 patients with T2D and 172 control subjects, men and women (60-79 years old). The genotype and allele frequency determination of VDR polymorphisms were determined in these subjects. RESULTS The frequency of the C allele of the FokI polymorphism was significantly higher in the T2D group than in healthy subjects (p = 0.025). The frequencies of the BsmI variant were similar in subjects with and without T2D (p = 0.747). Consistent with these data, there was an association of the C allele with T2D (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.003-3.084, p = 0.036), but not the AG + GG variants for BsmI (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.635-1.649, p = 0.916). We can observe a significant association between carrier of the T > C variant of FokI and type 2 diabetes, adjusted for vitamin D, age, obesity (overweight and obesity), seasonality, sex and Homa-IR. Here, we show a significant association between the FokI polymorphisms (TC + CC) and T2D with an odds ratio of 1.9001 (95% CI (1.0970-3.6838), p = 0.041). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the C allele (TC + CC) of the VDR-FokI gene is a possible risk factor for T2D in older people living in a community in Santiago de Chile.
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10
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Ali R, Fawzy I, Mohsen I, Settin A. Evaluation of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms (Fok-I and Bsm-I) in T1DM Saudi children. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22397. [PMID: 29417618 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency conferred strongest susceptibility to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Altered gene expression and function have strong effect on VDR gene polymorphism. OBJECTIVES We aimed to check for the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VDR gene (Fok-I and Bsm-I) with T1DM in Saudi children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study included 100 T1DM Saudi children, plus 102 unrelated healthy subjects. PCR technique was used for detection of Fok-I and Bsm-I SNPs in VDR gene. RESULTS Regarding the Fok-I polymorphisms, T1DM cases showed a significant increased frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Ff) than controls (33% vs 21%, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.006-3.587, P = .04). In the meantime, they showed significantly lower frequency of the homozygous (ff) genotype (64% vs 79%, OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.28-0.96, P = .03). Cases showed also a significantly lower frequency of the (f) allele than controls (80.5% vs 87.7%, OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.33-0.995, P = .04). On the other hand, cases showed significantly higher frequency of the Bsm-I homozygous (bb) and heterozygous (Bb) genotypes (25% vs 11.8%, P = .01, OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.18-5.31) & (45% vs 27.5%, P = .0, OR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.20-3.89, respectively). Cases showed also significantly higher frequency of (b) allele compared to control (47.5% vs 25.5%, P = .0, OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.74-4.02). Haplotype analysis showed an increased risk with the fB and fb haplotypes. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes a positive association between SNPs (Fok-I and Bsm-I) and T1DM among Saudi children with increased risk with the Fok-I F and Bsm-I b alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Ali
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al Monawara, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics Unit Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Iman Fawzy
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Mansoura Fever Hospital, Ministry of Health, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ihsan Mohsen
- Pediatric Endocrine Division- Department of Pediatrics, Madinah Maternity & Children Hospital, King Abdullah Medical City, Al-Madinah Al Monwara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Settin
- Pediatrics and Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Al-Mansoura, Egypt
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Grammatiki M, Rapti E, Karras S, Ajjan RA, Kotsa K. Vitamin D and diabetes mellitus: Causal or casual association? Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2017; 18:227-241. [PMID: 28062940 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of both type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus has been increasing worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency, or the awareness of its prevalence, has also been increasing. Vitamin D may have a role in the pathogenic mechanisms predisposing to type 2 diabetes by modulating insulin resistance and/or pancreatic β-cell function. Vitamin D status or elements involved in its activation or transport may also be involved in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus through immunomodulatory role . Based on these observations a potential association between vitamin D and diabetes has been hypothesized. In this review we discuss up to date evidence linking vitamin D with the development of diabetes. Moreover, the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of both types of diabetes is analysed together with its role in improving glycemic control in diabetic patients. We also address the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of macro- and microvascular complications in diabetes. Finally, we provide recommendation for Vitamin D therapy in diabetes in view of current evidence and highlight areas for potential future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grammatiki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism - Diabetes Center, 1st Clinic of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Rapti
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism - Diabetes Center, 1st Clinic of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Karras
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism - Diabetes Center, 1st Clinic of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - R A Ajjan
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds Ringgold Standard Institution, Leeds, UK
| | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism - Diabetes Center, 1st Clinic of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Penna-Martinez M, Badenhoop K. Inherited Variation in Vitamin D Genes and Type 1 Diabetes Predisposition. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8040125. [PMID: 28425954 PMCID: PMC5406872 DOI: 10.3390/genes8040125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology and pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes remain largely elusive with no established concepts for a causal therapy. Efforts to clarify genetic susceptibility and screening for environmental factors have identified the vitamin D system as a contributory pathway that is potentially correctable. This review aims at compiling all genetic studies addressing the vitamin D system in type 1 diabetes. Herein, association studies with case control cohorts are presented as well as family investigations with transmission tests, meta-analyses and intervention trials. Additionally, rare examples of inborn errors of vitamin D metabolism manifesting with type 1 diabetes and their immune status are discussed. We find a majority of association studies confirming a predisposing role for vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and those of the vitamin D metabolism, particularly the CYP27B1 gene encoding the main enzyme for vitamin D activation. Associations, however, are tenuous in relation to the ethnic background of the studied populations. Intervention trials identify the specific requirements of adequate vitamin D doses to achieve vitamin D sufficiency. Preliminary evidence suggests that doses may need to be individualized in order to achieve target effects due to pharmacogenomic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Penna-Martinez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Sahin OA, Goksen D, Ozpinar A, Serdar M, Onay H. Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes susceptibility in children: a meta-analysis. Endocr Connect 2017; 6:159-171. [PMID: 28232367 PMCID: PMC5424779 DOI: 10.1530/ec-16-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been studies focused on FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus with controversial results. METHODS This present study is a meta-analysis investigating the association between FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms of VDR gene and type 1 DM in children. A literature search was performed using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and PubMed. Any study was considered eligible for inclusion if at least one of FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms was determined, and outcome was type 1 DM at pediatric age. RESULTS A total of 9 studies comprising 1053 patients and 1017 controls met the study inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) of the FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms were combined and calculated. Forest plots and funnel plots of the OR value distributions were drawn. Our meta-analysis has demonstrated statistically significant associations between DM1 and VDR genotypes, BsmIBB (P < 0.05), BsmIBb, (P < 0.05), BsmIbb (P < 0.05), TaqITT (P < 0.05) and TaqItt (P < 0.05) in children. CONCLUSION The results indicated that BsmIBB, BsmIBb and TaqItt polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of type 1 DM, whereas BsmIbb and TaqITT had protective effect for type 1 DM in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Atan Sahin
- Department of PediatricsAcıbadem University School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Goksen
- Department of Pediatric EndocrinologyFaculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ozpinar
- Department of BiochemistryAcıbadem University, School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Serdar
- Department of BiochemistryAcıbadem University, School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Onay
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Miller KM, Hart PH, de Klerk NH, Davis EA, Lucas RM. Are low sun exposure and/or vitamin D risk factors for type 1 diabetes? Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:381-398. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00294c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation and vitamin D, with their known immunosuppressive effects, have the potential to delay or inhibit type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R. M. Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health
- The Australian National University
- Canberra 2600
- Australia
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Angel B, Lera L, Sánchez H, Oyarzún A, Albala C. FokI polymorphism in vitamin D receptor gene: Differential expression of TNFα in peripheral mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetic subjects. Meta Gene 2016; 7:1-6. [PMID: 30941281 PMCID: PMC5963422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION FokI polymorphism has been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in some populations. OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequencies of a genetic polymorphism of Vitamin D receptor (FokI) in patients with T2D and control subjects and investigate the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS The case-control study was conducted in 160 patients with T2D and 160 control subjects, men and women (30-74 years old). The genotype and allele frequency of FokI polymorphisms were determined in these subjects. Subsequently a subgroup of 40 subjects was included from which PBMCs were removed. In vitro, the culture medium was supplemented with two different concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3(10- 8 M and 10- 10 M). The expression profiles of TNFα and mRNA were analysed by qPCR, and GAPDH and β-actin were used as housekeeping genes. RESULTS The control subjects have an increased frequency of the FF genotype. In subjects with T2D, the ff genotype was associated with higher HOMA-IR values than individuals with genotype Ff (p = 0.021). In vitro study in PBMCs showed differential expression of TNFα mRNA by FokI genotype, with a lower expression of this marker of inflammation in FF genotype subjects at a concentration of 10- 8 M of 1,25(OH)2D3. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that VDR FokI polymorphism is associated with T2D, and the genotypes Ff and ff of this variant show a reduced response or resistance to the anti-inflammatory action of VitD, which could indicate a functional role of FokI polymorphism of VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Angel
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Lydia Lera
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Hugo Sánchez
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Amaya Oyarzún
- Human Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Cecilia Albala
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
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Mäkinen M, Mykkänen J, Koskinen M, Simell V, Veijola R, Hyöty H, Ilonen J, Knip M, Simell O, Toppari J. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Children Progressing to Autoimmunity and Clinical Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:723-9. [PMID: 26695863 PMCID: PMC4880127 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The role of vitamin D in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains controversial. OBJECTIVE The objective of the investigation was to study whether there are detectable differences in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations between children who later progressed to T1D (cases) and matched children who remained nondiabetic and negative for islet autoantibodies (controls) when followed up from birth until disease onset. DESIGN A total of 3702 prospective serum samples from 252 children were measured for 25(OH)D from the age of 3 months onward using an enzyme immunoassay. Differences between the groups were compared by the mixed-model analysis of variance. SETTING T1D prediction and prevention study clinics in Turku, Oulu, and Tampere University Hospitals, Finland, participated in the study. PARTICIPANTS By the end of 2012, all 126 case children were diagnosed with T1D. The control children (n = 126) were matched for age, sex, study site, and human leukocyte antigen-HLA-DQ-conferred risk for T1D. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Median circulating 25(OH)D concentration (nanomoles per liter) was measured. RESULTS The patterns of variation in circulating 25(OH)D concentrations were similar between cases and controls and did not correlate with the age at seroconversion to autoantibody positivity (P = .79) or disease onset (P = .13). The median concentration of all collected samples did not differ between case and control children (66.6 nmol/L [range 14.0-262.8] vs 67.4 nmol/L [range 19.9-213.0]) P = .56). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that serum 25(OH)D concentrations are not associated with the development of T1D in Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjaana Mäkinen
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Mykkänen
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Koskinen
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Simell
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Simell
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Medicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
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[Effect of supplementation with a single dose of vitamin D in children with cerebral palsy. Preliminary randomised controlled study]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 86:393-8. [PMID: 26471311 DOI: 10.1016/j.rchipe.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have an increased risk of vitamin D (VD) deficiency. Although there are many studies on VD and CP, there is limited information about VD supplementation in these patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of supplementation with a single dose of VD on the plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D (25OHD) in children with CP. PATIENTS AND METHOD Prospective-randomised-controlled-trial, including 30 Chilean children (19 males) with CP, median age 9.9 years (6.2-13.5). Clinical and biochemical variables including 25OHD, were recorded (time 0 and 8 weeks). Patients were allocated to the supplemented (S) group receiving 100,000 IU oral D3 at baseline, and compared with the placebo (P) group. RESULTS Among clinical features are highlighted: gastrostomy (60%), underweight (30%), bed-ridden (93.3%), antiepileptic drugs (70%), and 43.3% used VD metabolism inducing antiepileptics. Baseline biochemical measurements were normal. The 25OHD was insufficient in 4/30 and deficient in 6/30. 25OHD levels were not associated with the variables studied. Eight patients completed the study in the S group, and 10 in P group. The placebo and supplementation groups had no significant difference in baseline variables. Serum calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase levels at 8 weeks were normal in both groups, with no statistically significant differences. 25OHD in the P group was normal in 6/10, and insufficient+deficient in 4/10, and the S group was normal in all (8/8) (exact Fisher test P=.07). CONCLUSIONS A single dose of 100,000 IU VD could normalise the concentrations of 25OHD after 8 weeks of supplementation in Children with CP, but more studies are required to confirm these results.
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Tizaoui K, Kaabachi W, Hamzaoui A, Hamzaoui K. Contribution of VDR polymorphisms to type 1 diabetes susceptibility: Systematic review of case-control studies and meta-analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 143:240-9. [PMID: 24742873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been inconsistently investigated in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the results are inconsistent and inconclusive. The current study aimed to investigate the role of TaqI, BsmI, ApaI and FokI VDR polymorphisms in T1D disease. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search and meta-analysis of the literature, since 1998 until december 2013, was conducted. Subgroup analyses were performed to detect potential sources of heterogeneity from selected study characteristics. Meta-analyses yielded a non-significant association of TaqI polymorphism with T1D [OR=1.014 (0.783-1.312); P=0.918] in the recessive model. The BsmI polymorphism was not associated with T1D [OR=1.44 (0.944-1.386); P=0.171] in the dominant model. Also, ApaI polymorphism was not associated with T1D risk [OR=0.996 (0.859-1.155); P=0.960] in the homozygous model. The FokI polymorphism was not associated with T1D risk [OR=0.968 (0.743-1.263); P=0.813] in dominant model. Stratification according to study characteristics showed that publication year, age, gender, estimated vitamin D levels and latitude moderated significantly association between VDR polymorphisms and T1D disease. Meta-analysis on haplotypes revealed that BAT might be a significant risk factor for T1D [OR=1.331 (0.957-1.850; P=0.089]. However, the bAT was found to be a significant protective factor [OR=0.639 (0.460-0.887); P=0.007]. As conclusion, individual VDR polymorphisms seemed not to be associated with T1D risk. However, haplotypes contributed significantly to disease susceptibility. Study characteristics moderated the association between VDR polymorphisms and T1D. These results suggested that, in T1D pathogenesis, VDR polymorphisms interact with each other and with environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalthoum Tizaoui
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, Division of Histology and Immunology Department of Basic Sciences, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Wajih Kaabachi
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, Division of Histology and Immunology Department of Basic Sciences, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Agnès Hamzaoui
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, Division of Histology and Immunology Department of Basic Sciences, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia; Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Pediatric Pneumology Pavillon B Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Hamzaoui
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, Division of Histology and Immunology Department of Basic Sciences, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
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Qin WH, Wang HX, Qiu JL, Huang XB, Huang Y, Wu NR, Liang HS. A meta-analysis of association of vitamin D receptor BsmI gene polymorphism with the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2014; 34:372-7. [PMID: 24665917 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2014.903420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI (rs1544410) gene polymorphism and the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) from the published reports are still conflicting. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between VDR BsmI gene polymorphism and the risk of T1DM using meta-analysis method. The association studies were identified from PubMed, and Cochrane Library on 1 December 2013, and eligible investigations were included and synthesized using meta-analysis method. Twenty-three reports were recruited into this meta-analysis for the association of VDR BsmI gene polymorphism with T1DM susceptibility. In overall populations, bb genotype was associated with T1DM, but the B allele and BB genotype were not. In Asians and Latino population, B allele and bb genotype were associated with TIDM risk, but BB genotype was not. In Caucasians, VDR BsmI gene polymorphism was not associated with the T1DM risk. In Africans, B allele and BB genotype were associated with T1DM risk, but the bb genotype was not. However, the sample size for Latino population and Africans was small. In conclusion, VDR BsmI B allele, bb genotype was associated with T1DM risk in Asians, and bb genotype was associated with T1DM risk in overall populations. However, more studies should be conducted to confirm it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hong Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Beihai , Beihai , China
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Serrano JCE, De Lorenzo D, Cassanye A, Martín-Gari M, Espinel A, Delgado MA, Pamplona R, Portero-Otin M. Vitamin D receptor BsmI polymorphism modulates soy intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation benefits in cardiovascular disease risk factors profile. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 8:561-9. [PMID: 24158768 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-013-0356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms may predispose that not all individuals could have benefits from the nutritional supplementation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Furthermore, vitamin D-related cardiovascular effects may also be influenced by soy isoflavones considered endocrine regulators of cardiovascular homeostasis. To find possible gene-diet interactions by evaluating individualized lipid metabolism benefits from an increase in soy and 25-hydroxyvitamin D intake, 106 healthy individuals, genotyped for vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism rs1544410 (BsmI) were randomly assigned to either no intake, to daily 250 mL or 500 mL of a 25-hydroxyvitamin D supplemented SB for 2 months. The soybean beverage induced differences in cardiovascular risk factors (lipid profile, blood pressure, TNFα and MCP-1), as well as vitamin D metabolites in a dose-gene-dependent relation. Thus, VDR BsmI polymorphism affected individual response being the GG genotype the ones that showed dose-dependent manner responsiveness in the reduction in total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides in comparison with the AA/AG genotype. These differences were associated with increased plasma levels of 1α,25-dyhydroxyvitamin D3 in the carriers of the GG genotype. It was concluded that metabolic response to 25-hydroxyvitamin D and soybean supplementation is dependent on VDR BsmI GG genotype due to a higher conversion rate from vitamin D precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C E Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain,
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Chakhtoura M, Azar ST. The role of vitamin d deficiency in the incidence, progression, and complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:148673. [PMID: 23573085 PMCID: PMC3610375 DOI: 10.1155/2013/148673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The "nonclassic" role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) has been recently widely recognized. In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), it plays an immunomodulatory role through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) present on pancreatic and immune cells. Specific VDR allelic variants have been associated with T1D in many countries. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency has been prevalent in T1D, and the seasonal and latitude variability in the incidence of T1D can be partly explained by the related variability in vitamin D level. In fact, retrospective studies of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy or infancy showed a lower incidence of T1D. We will review the different mechanisms of the vitamin D protective effect against insulitis and present the available data on the role of vitamin D deficiency in the control, progression, and complications of T1D.
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Wang Q, Xi B, Reilly KH, Liu M, Fu M. Quantitative assessment of the associations between four polymorphisms (FokI, ApaI, BsmI, TaqI) of vitamin D receptor gene and risk of diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9405-14. [PMID: 22814767 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been suggested to be involved in the development of diabetes mellitus, including type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the results have been inconsistent. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the associations. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Chinese databases. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random or fixed effect model. 79 studies (FokI: 22 studies; BsmI: 25 studies; ApaI: 17 studies; TaqI: 15 studies) on T1DM and 44 studies (FokI: 10 studies; BsmI: 10 studies; ApaI: 14 studies; TaqI: 10 studies) on T2DM were included. The results indicated that BsmI polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of T1DM (B vs. b: OR 1.31, 95 % CI 1.10-1.55, P = 0.002), especially in East Asians (B vs. b: OR 2.57, 95 % CI: 1.55-4.24, P < 0.001); FokI polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (f vs. F: OR 1.30, 95 % CI: 1.17-1.45, P < 0.001), especially in East Asians (f vs. F: OR 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.21-1.54, P < 0.001). However, no significant association was observed between ApaI or TaqI polymorphism and diabetes risk with the exception of significant association between ApaI polymorphism and T1DM risk in East Asians. Thus, the authors found BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene may increase the risk of T1DM in East Asians and the FokI polymorphism may increase the risk of T2DM in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijuan Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, No 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China
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Zhang J, Li W, Liu J, Wu W, Ouyang H, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Liu L, Yang R, Liu X, Meng Q, Lu J. Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene and type 1 diabetes mellitus risk: an update by meta-analysis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 355:135-42. [PMID: 22361322 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Four well known polymorphisms (BsmI, FokI, ApaI, TaqI) in the VDR gene have been implicated in susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but the results to date have been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the VDR gene and T1DM risk by meta-analysis. A total of 57 case-control studies in 26 published studies were included. The results indicated that the BsmI polymorphism is associated with increased risk of T1DM (BB+Bb vs. bb: OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.03-1.63), while the FokI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms were not. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the increased risk of T1DM remained in the Asian subgroup for the BsmI polymorphism; whereas no significant association was found in other populations for other polymorphisms. Results from the current study suggest that the BsmI polymorphism is associated with increased risk of T1DM, especially in Asians. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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Takiishi T, Gysemans C, Bouillon R, Mathieu C. Vitamin D and diabetes. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2012; 38:179-206. [PMID: 22525851 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is no doubt that vitamin D deficiency is the cause of several metabolic bone diseases, but vitamin D status is also linked to many major human diseases including immune disorders. Mounting data strengthen the link between vitamin D and diabetes, in particular T1D and T2D. Despite some inconsistencies between studies that associate serum 25(OH)D levels with the risk of developing T1D or T2D, there seems to be an overall trend for an inverse correlation between levels of 25(OH)D and both disorders. There is also compelling evidence that 1,25(OH)2D regulates b-cell function by different mechanisms, such as influencing insulin secretion by regulating intracellular levels of Ca2+, increasing β-cell resistance to apoptosis, and perhaps also increasing β-cell replication. The capacity of vitamin D, more specifically 1,25(OH)2D, to modulate immune responses is of particular interest for both the therapy and prevention of diabetes. In the case of T1D, vitamin D supplementation in prediabetic individuals could help prevent or reduce the initiation of autoimmune processes possibly by regulating thymic selection of the T-cell repertoire, decreasing the numbers of autoreactive T cells, and inducing Treg cells. Although immune modulation is generally discussed for the treatment of T1D, it is also relevant for T2D. Indeed, recent studies have shown that T2D patients have increased systemic inflammation and that this state can induce β-cell dysfunction and death. Supplementation trials with regular vitamin D for the protection against the development of T1D and T2D have generated some contradictory data, but many weaknesses can be identified in these trials as most were underpowered or open-labeled. However, the overwhelming strength of preclinical data and of the observational studies make vitamin D or its analogues strong candidates for the prevention or treatment of diabetes or its complications. However, proof of causality needs well-designed clinical trials and if positive, adequate dosing, regimen, and compound studies are needed to define the contribution of vitamin D status and therapy in the global diabetes problem. There are many confounding factors that need to be taken into consideration when translating successful vitamin D therapies in animal models into humans, for example, gender, age, lifestyle, and genetic background. To come to solid conclusions on the potential of vitamin D or its analogues in the prevention of or therapy for all forms of diabetes, it is clear that large prospective trials with carefully selected populations and end points will be needed, but should also receive high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Takiishi
- Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Endocrinology (LEGENDO), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, UZ Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
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Aslani S, Hossein-Nezhad A, Mirzaei K, Maghbooli Z, Afshar AN, Karimi F. VDR FokI polymorphism and its potential role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and its complications. Gynecol Endocrinol 2011; 27:1055-60. [PMID: 21663527 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2011.569786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is evaluating the associations of FokI vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and its relations with postpartum metabolic syndrome. In a cohort study, 303 women referred to outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The VDR FokI genotypes were determined. All subjects were followed 6?12 weeks after delivery. The frequencies of Ff, FF, and ff genotypes were 30.4% (49), 63.4% (102), and 6.2% (10), respectively, in healthy pregnancies and 34.5% (49), 54.9% (78), and 10.6% (15), respectively, in GDM patients. The ff genotype was more common in GDM patients. Healthy individuals had higher frequency of F allele, suggesting that F allele may have a role in decreased incidence of GDM. Concerning the GDM risk factors, f allele had significant association with prepregnancy obesity and family history of diabetes. In postpartum follow-up, women who developed metabolic syndrome were significantly older with higher prepregnancy body mass index, had more family history of diabetes, and also their ff genotype was two fold more frequent. Our results indicate a meaningful association between FokI VDR genotypes and an increase risk of GDM in Iranian population as well as its effects on postpartum metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Aslani
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Centre, 5th floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar St.Tehran, POBox 14114, Iran
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Nosratabadi R, Arababadi MK, Salehabad VA. Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes in Southeastern Iranian Patients. Lab Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1309/lmw788xeeyvvlbuv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Deng H, Liu F, Pan Y, Jin X, Wang H, Cao J. BsmI, TaqI, ApaI, and FokI polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene and periodontitis: a meta-analysis of 15 studies including 1338 cases and 1302 controls. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 38:199-207. [PMID: 21198767 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01685.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM A meta-analysis was conducted in order to investigate the potential association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to aggressive and chronic periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS A database search yielded a total of 15 studies involving 1338 cases and 1302 controls. Four polymorphisms were included in the meta-analysis: VDR TaqI (rs731236), VDR BsmI (rs1544410), VDR FokI (rs2228570), and VDR ApaI (rs7975232). Odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between cases and controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The combined results based on all studies showed that (1) chronic periodontitis cases had a significantly lower frequency of bb genotype of BsmI [OR=0.63, 95% CI=0.42, 0.94; p=0.02] in Asians; (2) chronic periodontitis cases had a significantly higher frequency of AA genotype of ApaI (OR=2.20, 95% CI=1.39, 3.48; p<0.001) in Asians; (3) chronic periodontitis cases had a weak significantly higher frequency of TT genotype of TaqI (OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.002, 3.46; p=0.049) in Asians. After Bonferroni's correction, we found that in Asians chronic periodontitis cases still had a significantly higher frequency of AA genotype of ApaI. No significant difference was found in any genotype of FokI. No association was found for all the VDR gene polymorphisms examined as far as the aggressive form of the disease is concerned. Future studies need to focus on the possible biological consequences and mechanisms of the VDR genetic variants. The current findings confirm that VDR gene is a candidate gene for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Deng
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Nosratabadi R, Arababadi MK, Salehabad VA, Shamsizadeh A, Mahmoodi M, Sayadi AR, Kennedy D. Polymorphisms within exon 9 but not intron 8 of the vitamin D receptor are associated with the nephropathic complication of type-2 diabetes. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 37:493-7. [PMID: 20727043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2010.00953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The impact of several environmental and genetic factors on diabetes and its complications is well documented but there is an urgent need to understand more about genetic risk factors associated with this disease. The present study was aimed at examining the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in intron 8 and exon 9 of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in nephropathic and non-nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients. In this clinical study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 100 type-2 diabetic patients, 100 nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients and 100 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to examine two SNP polymorphisms within the VDR gene. Our results showed a significant difference in the Taq-1 evaluated genotypes of exon 9 in the VDR gene of diabetic individuals with (P=0.012) and without (P ≤ 0.001) nephropathy. Analysis of the Taq-1 evaluated alleles of nephropathic (P=0.917) and non-nephropathic (P=1.000) did not show a significant difference. We also evaluated the intron 8 Apa-1 alleles in patients with (P=0.480) and without nephropathy (P=0.543) and determined there were no differences between these groups. Our results also showed that the frequency of Apa-1 genotypes did not differ in nephropathic (P=0.224) and non-nephropathic (P=0.236) diabetic patients. Based on our results, it can be concluded that VDR and its functional polymorphism in exon 9 may play an important role in pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes and more investigations are required to clarify their role in nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nosratabadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan branch, Zahedan, Iran
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Takiishi T, Gysemans C, Bouillon R, Mathieu C. Vitamin D and diabetes. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2010; 39:419-46, table of contents. [PMID: 20511061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2010.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are considered multifactorial diseases in which both genetic predisposition and environmental factors participate in their development. Many cellular, preclinical, and observational studies support a role for vitamin D in the pathogenesis of both types of diabetes including: (1) T1D and T2D patients have a higher incidence of hypovitaminosis D; (2) pancreatic tissue (more specifically the insulin-producing beta-cells) as well as numerous cell types of the immune system express the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D-binding protein (DBP); and (3) some allelic variations in genes involved in vitamin D metabolism and VDR are associated with glucose (in)tolerance, insulin secretion, and sensitivity, as well as inflammation. Moreover, pharmacologic doses of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D), the active form of vitamin D, prevent insulitis and T1D in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and other models of T1D, possibly by immune modulation as well as by direct effects on beta-cell function. In T2D, vitamin D supplementation can increase insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammation. This article reviews the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of T1D and T2D, focusing on the therapeutic potential for vitamin D in the prevention/intervention of T1D and T2D as well as its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Takiishi
- Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Endocrinology (LEGENDO), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, UZ Gasthuisberg, O&N I Herestraat, Leuven, Belgium
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Tuorkey MJ, Abdul-Aziz KK. Strategies for diabetes and pathways of vitamin D. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Panierakis C, Goulielmos G, Mamoulakis D, Petraki E, Papavasiliou E, Galanakis E. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Crete, Greece. Clin Immunol 2009; 133:276-81. [PMID: 19734102 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 08/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Association studies of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) have produced inconsistent results in different populations, pointing to contribution of additional genetic variants and environmental factors. In this study we investigated the association between four VDR polymorphisms and susceptibility to T1D in Crete, an island with homogenous population and considerably low incidence of T1D. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We genotyped 100 patients with T1D and 96 controls for the FokI (rs10735810), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) single nucleotide polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. In all 4 polymorphisms tested, distribution of VDR genotype frequencies differed significantly between patients and controls. Individuals with T1D presented less commonly with FokI F allele (p=0.008; OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.85) and BsmI B allele (p=0.042; OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.97) and more commonly with ApaI A allele (p=0.024; OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.41) and TaqI T allele (p=0.0001; OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.36). CONCLUSION Our findings derived from a homogenous southern European population with low incidence of T1D suggest that FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene are associated with T1D prevalence.
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Balic I, Angel B, Codner E, Carrasco E, Pérez-Bravo F. Association of CTLA-4 polymorphisms and clinical-immunologic characteristics at onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:116-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Sun P, Wang Q. Relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and alcoholic liver disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:273-278. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i3.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease (ALD).
METHODS: The Semi-nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (semi-nested PCR-RFLP) technology was used to analyze 50 ALD patients and 72 healthy controls. Comparison was made between the two groups in genotype frequencies, allele frequencies, and finally a correlation analysis was performed.
RESULTS: We found three genotypes in the case group and control group, that is, BB, Bb and bb. The bb genotype frequency and b allele frequency were significantly higher in case group than in control group (χ2 = 7.16, P = 0.028, OR = 2.698, 95% CI: 1.167-6.235; χ2 = 11.64, P = 0.001, OR = 3.071, 95% CI: 1.583-3.958). Multi-factor unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed cases carrying bb genotype were more likely to develop into the ALD, indicating that bb genotype might be a genetic risk factor in ALD (OR = 2.272, OR 95% CI: 0.971-5.318).
CONCLUSION: The vitamin D receptor gene BsmⅠ site polymorphism is strongly associated with the ALD, and bb genotype may be a risk factor for development ALD.
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Ponsonby AL, Pezic A, Ellis J, Morley R, Cameron F, Carlin J, Dwyer T. Variation in associations between allelic variants of the vitamin D receptor gene and onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus by ambient winter ultraviolet radiation levels: a meta-regression analysis. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 168:358-65. [PMID: 18552362 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms may be associated with risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but reports have been conflicting. The authors reexamined population-based case-control studies on selected VDR polymorphisms and T1DM to investigate whether variation in reported associations could be partly explained by differences in ambient winter ultraviolet radiation (UVR) levels. A meta-analysis of 16 studies from 19 regions (midwinter UVR range, 1.0-133.8 mW/m(2)) was conducted. The association between winter UVR and the log odds ratio was examined by meta-regression. For FokI and BsmI, the log odds ratio for the association between the F and B alleles and T1DM increased as regional winter UVR increased (p = 0.039 and p = 0.036, respectively). The association between the TaqI T allele and T1DM was reduced with increasing winter UVR (p = 0.040). Low winter regional UVR was associated with a higher proportion of controls carrying BsmI and ApaI uppercase alleles and a lower proportion of controls carrying TaqI uppercase alleles. These findings strengthen the case that VDR variants are involved in the etiology of T1DM. They suggest that environmental UVR may influence the association between VDR genotype and T1DM risk. Further work on VDR polymorphisms and T1DM should concomitantly examine the roles of past UVR exposure and vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
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Conwell LS, Codner E. Diabetes in motion in the year of the child. Meeting Highlights - 33rd Annual ISPAD Meeting, September 26-29, 2007, Berlin, Germany - 5th Symposium on Diabetic Angiopathy in Children, September 30, 2007, Berlin, Germany. Pediatr Diabetes 2008; 9:3-8. [PMID: 18211630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Louise S Conwell
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Children' s Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia, and Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Lemos MC, Fagulha A, Coutinho E, Gomes L, Bastos M, Barros L, Carrilho F, Geraldes E, Regateiro FJ, Carvalheiro M. Lack of association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Portuguese population. Hum Immunol 2008; 69:134-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 01/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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