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Beardsley J, Kim HY, Dao A, Kidd S, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Sorrell TC, Tacconelli E, Chakrabarti A, Harrison TS, Bongomin F, Gigante V, Galas M, Siswanto S, Dagne DA, Roitberg F, Sati H, Morrissey CO, Alffenaar JW. Candida glabrata (Nakaseomyces glabrata): A systematic review of clinical and microbiological data from 2011 to 2021 to inform the World Health Organization Fungal Priority Pathogens List. Med Mycol 2024; 62:myae041. [PMID: 38935913 PMCID: PMC11210615 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Recognising the growing global burden of fungal infections, the World Health Organization (WHO) established an advisory group consisting of experts in fungal diseases to develop a Fungal Priority Pathogen List. Pathogens were ranked based on their research and development needs and perceived public health importance using a series of global surveys and pathogen characteristics derived from systematic reviews. This systematic review evaluates the features and global impact of invasive disease caused by Candida glabrata (Nakaseomyces glabrata). PubMed and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting on mortality, morbidity (hospitalization and disability), drug resistance (including isolates from sterile and non-sterile sites, since these reflect the same organisms causing invasive infections), preventability, yearly incidence, diagnostics, treatability, and distribution/emergence in the last 10 years. Candida glabrata (N. glabrata) causes difficult-to-treat invasive infections, particularly in patients with underlying conditions such as immunodeficiency, diabetes, or those who have received broad-spectrum antibiotics or chemotherapy. Beyond standard infection prevention and control measures, no specific preventative measures have been described. We found that infection is associated with high mortality rates and that there is a lack of data on complications and sequelae. Resistance to azoles is common and well described in echinocandins-in both cases, the resistance rates are increasing. Candida glabrata remains mostly susceptible to amphotericin and flucytosine. However, the incidence of the disease is increasing, both at the population level and as a proportion of all invasive yeast infections, and the increases appear related to the use of antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Beardsley
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hannah Yejin Kim
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aiken Dao
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Kidd
- National Mycology Reference Centre, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Tania C Sorrell
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Arunaloke Chakrabarti
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Thomas S Harrison
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London, and MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Felix Bongomin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Valeria Gigante
- Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination Unit, Global Coordination and Partnership Department, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marcelo Galas
- Antimicrobial Resistance Special Program, Communicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Siswanto Siswanto
- World Health Organization, South East Asia Region Office, New Delhi, India
| | - Daniel Argaw Dagne
- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Felipe Roitberg
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hatim Sati
- Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination Unit, Global Coordination and Partnership Department, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Orla Morrissey
- Alfred Health/ Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jan-Willem Alffenaar
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Hassanpour P, Spotin A, Morovati H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Raeisi M, Rezaee MA, Hasani A, Aghebati-Maleki A, Abdollahzadeh H, Nami S. Molecular diagnosis, phylogenetic analysis, and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from neutropenic oncological patients. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:765. [PMID: 37932679 PMCID: PMC10629196 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutropenia is the most important cause of life-threatening invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Here, we studied the frequency and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida species that colonized or caused infections among neutropenic patients with solid or hematological malignancies. METHODS A total of 362 clinical samples were collected from 138 patients. After initial isolation using a mix of mycological methods, isolates were screened using chromogenic culture media. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied for molecular identification. Positive or suspected cases were confirmed using the reference method of sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility testing for voriconazole and caspofungin was carried out using the microbroth dilution method. An in-silico assay was applied for phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Thirty-four Candida strains were isolated. C. albicans (47.06%) and C. glabrata (29.41%) were the most frequent strains. Antifungal treatment reduced the chance of Candida colonization by almost 76% in neutropenic patients (OR: 1.759; 95% CI: 1.349 to 2.390; p value: 0.000). An unusual and non-resistant strain, C. lambica, was reported from the bloodstream of a 56-year-old man with hematologic malignancy (HM). Eight isolates were non-susceptible, and one isolate was resistant to voriconazole. Also, four isolates were non-susceptible to caspofungin. CONCLUSION We can conclude that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between neutropenia, HM background, and Candida species separated from neutropenic patients, which can lead to possible infections. Further and repetitive studies are recommended using different molecular methods for better prediction and management of fungal infections in neutropenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Hassanpour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Spotin
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Morovati
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mortaza Raeisi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Alka Hasani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Nami
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Won EJ, Choi MJ, Kim MN, Yong D, Lee WG, Uh Y, Kim TS, Byeon SA, Lee SY, Kim SH, Shin JH. Fluconazole-Resistant Candida glabrata Bloodstream Isolates, South Korea, 2008-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:779-788. [PMID: 33624581 PMCID: PMC7920659 DOI: 10.3201/eid2703.203482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Ito Y, Miyazaki T, Tanaka Y, Suematsu T, Nakayama H, Morita A, Hirayama T, Tashiro M, Takazono T, Saijo T, Shimamura S, Yamamoto K, Imamura Y, Izumikawa K, Yanagihara K, Kohno S, Mukae H. Roles of Elm1 in antifungal susceptibility and virulence in Candida glabrata. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9789. [PMID: 32555245 PMCID: PMC7299981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Elm1 is a serine/threonine kinase involved in multiple cellular functions, including cytokinesis, morphogenesis, and drug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, its roles in pathogenic fungi have not been reported. In this study, we created ELM1-deletion, ELM1-reconstituted, ELM1-overexpression, and ELM1-kinase-dead strains in the clinically important fungal pathogen Candida glabrata and investigated the roles of Elm1 in cell morphology, stress response, and virulence. The elm1Δ strain showed elongated morphology and a thicker cell wall, with analyses of cell-wall components revealing that this strain exhibited significantly increased chitin content relative to that in the wild-type and ELM1-overexpression strains. Although the elm1Δ strain exhibited slower growth than the other two strains, as well as increased sensitivity to high temperature and cell-wall-damaging agents, it showed increased virulence in a Galleria mellonella-infection model. Moreover, loss of Elm1 resulted in increased adhesion to agar plates and epithelial cells, which represent important virulence factors in C. glabrata. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed that expression levels of 30 adhesion-like genes were elevated in the elm1Δ strain. Importantly, all these functions were mediated by the kinase activity of Elm1. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the functional characterization of Elm1 in pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Taiga Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Tanaka
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Suematsu
- Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hironobu Nakayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Morita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hirayama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masato Tashiro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takazono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomomi Saijo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shintaro Shimamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Imamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Izumikawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kohno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
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Lass-Flörl C, Krause R, Willinger B, Starzengruber P, Decristoforo P, Neururer S, Kreidl P, Aigner M. Clinical Usefulness of Susceptibility Breakpoints for Yeasts in the Treatment of Candidemia: A Noninterventional Study. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6020076. [PMID: 32498436 PMCID: PMC7345773 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective noninterventional study evaluated whether antifungal susceptibility data (MIC) provided for Candida clinical isolates on the basis of recently established breakpoints are taken into account by clinicians to guide their treatment decision making process, and assessed the response in MIC- and non-MIC-based treatment groups. During a six month period, the usage of systemic antifungals was recorded in detail and compared with mycological data (Candida species and MICs) in candidemia patients. Patients were assigned to a susceptible or resistant infection group based on European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints; treatment decisions were under the professional discretion of the treating physicians. 123 patients were evaluated with Candida albicans accounting for 59%, Candida glabrata for 19%, Candida parapsilosis for 15%, Candida tropicalis for 4% and Candida krusei for 3%. Antifungal treatment correlated with species and MICs in 80% (n = 99 patients), high MICs and species-dependent guideline recommendations were ignored in 20% (n = 24 patients); the overall outcome of candidemia cases in our study population was excellent, as by day 14, all patients were cleared from fungal blood stream infection (mean 5.6 days, range 2–12). The current variability in antifungal usage and the delay in initiating appropriate therapy indicate a need for antifungal stewardship to improve the management of invasive fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Lass-Flörl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.D.); (P.K.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-900370703; Fax: +43-512-900373700
| | - Robert Krause
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Birgit Willinger
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (B.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Peter Starzengruber
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (B.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Petra Decristoforo
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.D.); (P.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Sabrina Neururer
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economy, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Peter Kreidl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.D.); (P.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Maria Aigner
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.D.); (P.K.); (M.A.)
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Arikan-Akdagli S, Gülmez D, Doğan Ö, Çerikçioğlu N, Doluca Dereli M, Birinci A, Yıldıran ŞT, Ener B, Öz Y, Metin DY, Hilmioğlu-Polat S, Kalkancı A, Koç N, Erturan Z, Fındık D. First multicentre report of in vitro resistance rates in candidaemia isolates in Turkey. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 18:230-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Ko JH, Jung DS, Lee JY, Kim HA, Ryu SY, Jung SI, Joo EJ, Cheon S, Kim YS, Kim SW, Cho SY, Kang CI, Chung DR, Lee NY, Peck KR. Poor prognosis of Candida tropicalis among non-albicans candidemia: a retrospective multicenter cohort study, Korea. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 95:195-200. [PMID: 31285122 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate clinical features and prognostic factors of non-albicans candidemia, we conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study at 7 university hospitals in Korea from January 2010 to February 2016. A total of 721 patients with non-albicans candidemia were included in the analysis. C. tropicalis was most commonly identified (36.5%), followed by C. glabrata (27.2%), C. parapsilosis (25.7%), and C. krusei (2.4%). Clinical presentation of C. tropicalis candidemia was most severe with highest median C-reactive protein level (10.1 mg/dL) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (14, both P ≪ 0.05). C. tropicalis showed the highest 14- and 30-day mortality (28.9% and 44.1%). In multivariate analysis, C. tropicalis infection was significantly related with 14- (P = 0.005) and 30-day mortality (P = 0.033). In conclusion, C. tropicalis infection presented most severely and showed worst clinical outcome among non-albicans candidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Ko
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sik Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yeol Ryu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-In Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Joo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinhye Cheon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Woo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-In Kang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Ryeon Chung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Yong Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Ran Peck
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Are In Vitro Susceptibilities to Azole Antifungals Predictive of Clinical Outcome in the Treatment of Candidemia? J Clin Microbiol 2018; 56:JCM.01072-18. [PMID: 30135234 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01072-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to critically analyze published data evaluating the impact of azole pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, MICs, and Candida species on clinical outcomes in patients with candidemia. Clinical breakpoints (CBPs) for fluconazole and voriconazole, which are used to determine susceptibility, have been defined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for Candida species. Studies evaluating the relationship between treatment efficacy and in vitro susceptibility, as well as the pharmacodynamic targets, have been conducted in patients treated with fluconazole for candidemia; however, for species other than Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, and for other forms of invasive candidiasis, data remain limited and randomized trials are not available. Limited data evaluating these relationships with voriconazole are available. While pharmacodynamic targets for posaconazole and isavuconazole have been proposed based upon studies conducted in murine models, CBPs have not been established by CLSI. Fluconazole remains an important antifungal agent for the treatment of candidemia, and data supporting its use based on in vitro susceptibility are growing, particularly for C. albicans and C. glabrata Further investigation is needed to establish the roles of voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole in the treatment of candidemia and for all agents in the treatment of other forms of invasive candidiasis.
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Ko JH, Jung DS, Lee JY, Kim HA, Ryu SY, Jung SI, Joo EJ, Cheon S, Kim YS, Kim SW, Cho SY, Kang CI, Chung DR, Lee NY, Peck KR. Changing epidemiology of non-albicans candidemia in Korea. J Infect Chemother 2018; 25:388-391. [PMID: 30482698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
An epidemiologic surveillance of non-albicans candidemia for a 6-year period was conducted in Korea. Compared to the published epidemiologic data for the previous 6 years, an increase of C. glabrata (from 21.3% to 28.5%) and a decrease of C. parapsilosis (from 36.5% to 24.7%) were noticed. During the study period, C. tropicalis (36.4%) was most frequently isolated non-albicans Candida, followed by C. glabrata (28.5%), C. parapsilosis (24.7%), and C. krusei (2.6%). Replacement of primary amphotericin B treatment with echinocandins (P < 0.001) eliminated amphotericin B resistance (from 7.8% in 2011 to 0% in 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Ko
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sik Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yeol Ryu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-In Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Joo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinhye Cheon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Woo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-In Kang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Ryeon Chung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Yong Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Ran Peck
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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