Dataset of leisure time among students at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and its relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQOL)

Lifestyle Habits Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Moroccan College Students

The transition to university is a critical period during which considerable life changes arise. Useful national data to design tailored interventions aimed at promoting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Moroccan students are lacking. The present study is aimed at filling this gap by investigating the levels and associated factors of HRQoL among a national sample of Moroccan university students. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L instrument. Data from 2759 university students were collected in a large, cross-sectional, web-based survey. All statistical analyses were conducted using the R software. The EQ-5D-5L findings showed that the majority of students rated level 1 (no problems) and level 2 (slight problems) for the "Mobility", "Self-Care", "Usual Activities", and "Pain/Discomfort" HRQoL dimensions. However, the "Anxiety/Depression" dimension was the exception; more than half (57.1%) of the students were slightly to extremely anxious or depressed. The levels of lifestyle habits were of concern among participants of this study. With respect to sedentary behaviors and physical activity, we found that approximately 80% of participants spent ≥2 h/day on different screen-based sedentary behaviors, and 60% were physically inactive. Lifestyle habits that were found to be associated with HRQoL are sleeping time, physical activity, leisure, hygiene, household activities, homework, and social media time. The multiple regression model explained 93% of the EQ-VAS score variance. The findings could be of great importance for researchers and policymakers interested in promoting health of university students.

Quality of life in health Iranian elderly population approach in health promotion: A systematic review

BACKGROUND

The quality of life (QOL) is essential in all different stages of life; however, It is more important for older people as it can be effective in promoting their health. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the literature on the QOL in the Iranian elderly population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was carried out as a systematic review. For this purpose, all databases were searched in March 2021. The keywords used for the search were "quality of life, elderly, older adults, aging, seniors, and Iran" along with the Persian equivalents. PRISMA protocol was used to screen articles. After removing duplicate and irrelevant items, two evaluators appraised the articles separately based on a researcher-made checklist derived from the SBEM and STROBE Statement standard checklists.

RESULTS

The initial search yielded 3734 studies on the QOL in the Iranian elderly population. After screening and assessing the studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 articles remained in the study. Most of the studies (cross-sectional) were conducted in Tehran using a 36-item Short-Form Health Survey to assess the QOL. The studies investigated sociodemographic determinants, physical and health-related behaviors, and spirituality and psychological determinants of the QOL. The sociodemographic determinants were the most common factors under study. The results showed that the role of gender and socioeconomic status was the strongest among the sociodemographic characteristics. A significant association was found between the QOL in the Iranian elderly population and factors such as depression and religious confrontation.

CONCLUSION

In addition to chronic diseases, diseases of the oral and dental, as well as an unhealthy diet, should be considered in the elderly. Therefore, attention should be paid to all social, physical, and psychological variables that affect the QOL of older people.

Evaluation of the educational services quality from the viewpoint of postgraduate students at Kermanshah University of medical sciences in 2019

BACKGROUND

At present, the SERVQUAL model is one of the most significant tools for measuring customers' expectations and perceptions in organizations. Determination of expectations and perceptions of students who are the main university customers from educational services can provide valuable information to the programmers to improve the condition of educational services. Therefore, this study aims to measure the quality of education services from the viewpoint of postgraduate students at Kermanshah Medical Sciences University using the SERVQUAL model in 2019.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population under the study consisted of 162 students at the postgraduate education section (Master's degree and Ph.D.) studying in the second semester of the academic year of 2019 at Kermanshah Medical Sciences University. The standard SERVQUAL questionnaire was used for data collection, which included five dimensions of the quality of educational services, and the random-stratified sampling method was employed. The data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics software (version 23.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and descriptive and other statistical tests, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, and paired and independent t-tests were performed.

RESULTS

Based on the students' perspective in the provision of service there was quality gap existed in all services, and the largest gap was in the reliability dimension (-0.37), and after that, empathy (-0.37), guaranty (0.27), and responsiveness (-0.24) dimensions, respectively, and the lowest one was in the tangible dimension (0.15). There was a statistically significant observed difference between the quality gap in different educational dimensions (P > 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Research findings showed that students were not meeting their expectations from the presented educational services. Hence, holding a training workshop is suggested in the field of how to serve and enhance communication skills for employees and teachers.

An overview of 2019 novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic: A review study

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. It is now known as a pandemic and a global crisis due to rapid human-to-human transmission with the vast expansion that has affected almost all countries. The primary source of the disease is still unknown, but it is possible that the virus was transmitted through bat to an intermediate host and then to humans. The main and early symptoms of COVID-19 infection are fatigue, fever, dry cough, myalgia, and dyspnea. The incubation period of the disease is about 2-14 days, which is one of the important parameters for planning to prevent disease outbreak. PT-polymerase chain reaction test is used to diagnose the disease; chest computed tomography scan, chest X-ray, blood tests, and symptoms are also very helpful in diagnosing the disease. There is a strong emphasis on controlling infections and hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of the disease. There is not enough knowledge about this disease yet, and there are no specific vaccines or medications available to prevent and treat this disease. The current review study uses articles indexed on databases of Embase, Elsevier, PubMed, and World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and keywords of coronavirus, COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome and China.

A study of cardiopulmonary resuscitation literacy among the personnel of universities of medical sciences based in Kermanshah and Khuzestan provinces based on the latest 2015 cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines

INTRODUCTION

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is regarded as the most important skill of the medical staff who is required to be aware of the latest changes to the CPR guidelines so that they can take the most effective actions in the critical conditions of CPR. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the levels of CPR literacy among the personnel of universities of medical sciences based in Kermanshah and Khuzestan provinces based on the latest 2015 CPR guidelines in 2019.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study, 525 subjects were selected as the sample population using the two-stage cluster sampling. For data collection, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, whose content validity and reliability were confirmed (r = 0.71). The study screened the data received and analyzed valid data set through the ttest and Spearman's correlation coefficient by incorporating SPSS Statistics software version 23.0. In addition, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The 2015 CPR literacy levels of the samples were as follows: excellent (85 subjects or 16.2%), good (404 subjects or 77%), and average (36 subjects or 6.9%). The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed a weak and inverse relationship between the levels of CPR literacy and the age of samples (r = -0.092) and work experience (-0.029), which were statistically significant. In addition, the results of Mann-Whitney U-test demonstrated that the level of CPR literacy among the personnel of Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences exceeded that among the personnel of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

It is suggested that in retraining the nursing and paramedical personnel, CPR be carried out with more emphasis on the changes introduced in this guideline compared to that in 2010, including esophageal tracheal airway, reasons for the cessation of CPR, intraosseous infusion, and induced hypothermia.

A study of 0-14-year-old children's access to health centers in rural areas using a buffer model (a case study of villages based in Kermanshah province, Iran)

INTRODUCTION

Children are among the most vulnerable groups in society, whose health is of prominent significance. Moreover, as a group of clients with special needs in the health care system, they require special attention. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the 0-14-year-old children's access to health centers in rural areas of Kermanshah Province, Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In the present cross-sectional study, both the latest published demographic statistics related to the Population and Housing Census, announced by the Statistical Center of Iran in 2011, and the information about the public and private hospitals in the province, collected by Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, were used as the basis for the analyses. In addition, given the importance of the spatial nature of the research, geographic information system was used for data analysis, and a buffer model was also applied.

RESULTS

The results revealed that out of the total population of 0-14-year-old children residing in rural areas within 15,000 and 30,000-km radii of Kermanshah Province, 87.94% and 75.11% of girls versus 88.15% and 75.38% of boys lacked access to health centers, respectively.

CONCLUSION

It was found out that the 0-14-year-old children's access to health centers was in poor condition in rural areas of Kermanshah Province, which would endanger the health of this age group.

Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Life in Elderly Diabetic Patients

BACKGROUND

Coordination of various physical and mental aspects of individuals, including the ability to control difficult conditions and situations has an effect in the prevention and development of various diseases, such as diabetes, and the improvement of the quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was is to determine the effect of emotional intelligence on the quality of life of elderly diabetic patients.

METHODS

This study was conducted in 2018. The statistical population in this cross-sectional study consisted of elderly people referred to the health centers of Kermanshah province in western Iran, who were divided via available sampling into two groups with diabetes and without diabetes. Data gathering tools were a couple of LIPAD Quality of Life and Shrink Emotional Intelligence standard questionnaires. The Data was analysed using software SPSS, 23 th version. Tests were used (T-test, Chi-square, Anova and regression).

RESULTS

Most of them were male (52.72%) and the mean age of the patients was 65.01(±6.08) years old and married. The quality of life score in diabetics and non-diabetics was respectively 51.9 and 50.37 with a standard deviation of 17.73 and 20.54. The mean total score of emotional intelligence in the elderly with diabetes was 99.42 with a standard deviation of 10.37 and non-diabetic subjects were 97.18 with a standard deviation of 18.4.

CONCLUSION

There was no significant difference between the mean scores of quality of life (0.652) and emotional intelligence (0.421) in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. But, the emotional intelligence has an effect on the quality of life of the elderly people.

Investigation of the quality of life of patients with hypertension in health centers

INTRODUCTION

Hypertension is one of the most critical factors for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, arrhythmias, heart failure, and renal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and its related factors in hypertensive patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This study was descriptive research. The sampling method was simple random, i.e., 137 were selected among the ten health centers of the list of the existing patients by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (Short Form-26). After collecting the questionnaires, the data analysis was carried out using SPSS software and using statistical methods (e.g., number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and MANOVA tests).

RESULTS

The results showed that the mean score for the physical domain (52.82), the psychological domain (50.26), the social domain (48.33), the environmental domain (46.1), and the total quality of life (49.60). Among the demographic variables, the education level variable (P =0.000), job (P = 0.013), and the duration of hypertension (P = 0.039) were significantly correlated with the quality of life of patients. The "levels of education" variables are significantly correlated with the physical domain (P = 0.000), psychological domain (P = 0.000), social domain (P = 0.000), and environmental domain (P = 0.000) of the quality of life. The "job status" variable is only significantly correlated with the social domain of the quality of life (P = 0.005). The "duration of hypertension" variable is only significantly associated with the physical domain of the quality of life (P = 0.011).

CONCLUSION

The findings of the present study show that demographic variables such as educational level, occupation, and duration of hypertension have a significant relationship with the quality of life domains of hypertensive patients. It is recommended that the principled education of patients is a step toward the improvement of the quality of life of patients.