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Wang Y, Li BS, Zhang ZH, Wang Z, Wan YT, Wu FW, Liu JC, Peng JX, Wang HY, Hong L. Paeonol repurposing for cancer therapy: From mechanism to clinical translation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115277. [PMID: 37544285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeonol (PAE) is a natural phenolic monomer isolated from the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa that has been widely used in the clinical treatment of some inflammatory-related diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Much preclinical evidence has demonstrated that PAE not only exhibits a broad spectrum of anticancer effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration and inducing cell apoptosis and cycle arrest through multiple molecular pathways, but also shows excellent performance in improving cancer drug sensitivity, reversing chemoresistance and reducing the toxic side effects of anticancer drugs. However, studies indicate that PAE has the characteristics of poor stability, low bioavailability and short half-life, which makes the effective dose of PAE in many cancers usually high and greatly limits its clinical translation. Fortunately, nanomaterials and derivatives are being developed to ameliorate PAE's shortcomings. This review aims to systematically cover the anticancer advances of PAE in pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, nano delivery systems and derivatives, to provide researchers with the latest and comprehensive information, and to point out the limitations of current studies and areas that need to be strengthened in future studies. We believe this work will be beneficial for further exploration and repurposing of this natural compound as a new clinical anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Bing-Shu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fu-Wen Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jing-Chun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jia-Xin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hao-Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Chang X, Feng X, Du M, Li S, Wang J, Wang Y, Liu P. Pharmacological effects and mechanisms of paeonol on antitumor and prevention of side effects of cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194861. [PMID: 37408762 PMCID: PMC10318156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Conventional clinical treatments include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, these treatments have inherent limitations, such as multidrug resistance and the induction of short- and long-term multiple organ damage, ultimately leading to a significant decrease in cancer survivors' quality of life and life expectancy. Paeonol, a nature active compound derived from the root bark of the medicinal plant Paeonia suffruticosa, exhibits various pharmacological activities. Extensive research has demonstrated that paeonol exhibits substantial anticancer effects in various cancer, both in vitro and in vivo. Its underlying mechanisms involve the induction of apoptosis, the inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and migration, angiogenesis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, regulating tumor immunity and enhanced radiosensitivity, as well as the modulation of multiple signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways. Additionally, paeonol can prevent adverse effects on the heart, liver, and kidneys induced by anticancer therapy. Despite numerous studies exploring paeonol's therapeutic potential in cancer, no specific reviews have been conducted. Therefore, this review provides a systematic summary and analysis of paeonol's anticancer effects, prevention of side effects, and the underlying mechanisms involved. This review aims to establish a theoretical basis for the adjunctive strategy of paeonol in cancer treatment, ultimately improving the survival rate and enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoteng Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarou Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen JX, Cheng CS, Chen J, Lv LL, Chen ZJ, Chen C, Zheng L. Cynanchum paniculatum and Its Major Active Constituents for Inflammatory-Related Diseases: A Review of Traditional Use, Multiple Pathway Modulations, and Clinical Applications. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:7259686. [PMID: 32774428 PMCID: PMC7396087 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7259686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cynanchum paniculatum Radix, known as Xuchangqing in Chinese, is commonly prescribed in Chinese Medicine (CM) for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory property of Cynanchum paniculatum can be traced from its wind-damp removing, collaterals' obstruction relieving, and toxins counteracting effects as folk medicine in CM. This paper systematically reviewed the research advancement of the pharmacological effects of Cynanchum paniculatum among a variety of human diseases, including diseases of the respiratory, circulatory, digestive, urogenital, hematopoietic, endocrine and metabolomic, neurological, skeletal, and rheumatological systems and malignant diseases. This review aims to link the long history of clinical applications of Cynanchum paniculatum in CM with recent biomedical investigations. The major bioactive chemical compositions of Cynanchum paniculatum and their associated action mechanism unveiled by biomedical investigations as well as the present clinical applications and future perspectives are discussed. The major focuses of this review are on the diverse mechanisms of Cynanchum paniculatum and the role of its active components in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
- Workstation of Xia Xiang, National Master of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ling-Ling Lv
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zi-Jie Chen
- Shanghai Yangpu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Shanghai Geriatrics Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
- Workstation of Xia Xiang, National Master of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
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Paeonol: pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:413-421. [PMID: 31030097 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Paeonia suffruticosa possesses various medicinal benefits and has been used extensively in traditional oriental medicine for thousands of years. Paeonol is the main component isolated from the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa. The pharmacological effects of Paeonia suffruticosa are mostly attributed to paeonol. Paeonol injection has been successfully applied in China for nearly 50 years for inflammation/pain-related indications. Currently, the dosage forms of paeonol approved by China Food and Drug Administration include tablet, injection, and external preparations such as ointment and adhesive plaster. So far, the clinical applications of paeonol are mainly focusing on the anti-inflammatory activity. Studies of other pharmacological activities of paeonol are developing rapidly, and which may play an important role in the future. Besides, substantial mechanisms of pharmacological action of paeonol have been clarified in recent years. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological effects anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, anti-cardiovascular diseases and associated mechanisms of action of paeonol up to date.
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Fu J, Yu L, Luo J, Huo R, Zhu B. Paeonol induces the apoptosis of the SGC‑7901 gastric cancer cell line by downregulating ERBB2 and inhibiting the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1473-1483. [PMID: 29845222 PMCID: PMC6089764 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to analyze the association between paeonol and the known genes related to gastric cancer (GC) using bioinformatics methods, and to investigate the role of paeonol in the potential impact on the nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) signaling pathway, in order to provide a theoretical basis for further elucidating the effect of paeonol on cancer cells. Cell viability, morphology and apoptosis were detected using an MTT assay, an inverted microscope, and flow cytometry, respectively. The correlation between drugs and genes was analyzed using the Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals (STITCH) gene‑drug interaction network. The expression levels of related mRNA and proteins were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. The changes in protein expression were examined using western blot analysis. The correlation network between target genes directly affected by paeonol and known GC genes was determined by analyzing the association between the compounds and genes recorded in the STITCH database. The GC‑related epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2) gene was at the core position of the paeonol interaction network and may be an important potential target gene for the effect of paeonol on cancer cells. The effect of paeonol on the viability of the SGC‑7901 GC cell line was detected using an MTT assay, which showed that the inhibitory effect occurred in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner. The observations of cell morphology demonstrated that the cells were floating, abnormal in shape, had unclear boundaries and were sparse in arrangement following paeonol treatment. Flow cytometry indicated that paeonol significantly accelerated the apoptotic rate of the SGC‑7901 GC cells. The examination of clinical samples suggested that ERBB2 was expressed at a high level in GC samples, and was significantly downregulated following the addition of paeonol. The western blot analysis revealed that downregulating ERBB2 affected the activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway, thereby upregulating the pro‑apoptotic factor B‑cell lymphoma‑associated X protein. Taken together, paeonol significantly downregulated ERBB2 and inhibited the activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of SGC‑7901 cells and inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Luhua Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Rui Huo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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Xu Y, Shen M, Li Y, Sun Y, Teng Y, Wang Y, Duan Y. The synergic antitumor effects of paclitaxel and temozolomide co-loaded in mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles on glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20890-901. [PMID: 26956046 PMCID: PMC4991499 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To get better chemotherapy efficacy, the optimal synergic effect of Paclitaxel (PTX) and Temozolomide (TMZ) on glioblastoma cells lines was investigated. A dual drug-loaded delivery system based on mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) was developed to potentiate chemotherapy efficacy for glioblastoma. PTX/TMZ-NPs were prepared with double emulsification solvent evaporation method and exhibited a relatively uniform diameter of 206.3 ± 14.7 nm. The NPs showed sustained release character. Cytotoxicity assays showed the best synergistic effects were achieved when the weight ratios of PTX to TMZ were 1:5 and 1:100 on U87 and C6 cells, respectively. PTX/TMZ-NPs showed better inhibition effect to U87 and C6 cells than single drug NPs or free drugs mixture. PTX/TMZ-NPs (PTX: TMZ was 1:5(w/w)) significantly inhibited the tumor growth in the subcutaneous U87 mice model. These results indicate that coordinate administration of PTX and TMZ combined with NPs is an efficient method for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yourong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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Chen C, Jia F, Hou Z, Ruan S, Lu Q. Delivery of paeonol by nanoparticles enhances its in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6605-6616. [PMID: 28924345 PMCID: PMC5595364 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s143938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol (Pae; 2′-hydroxy-4′-methoxyacetophenone) has attracted intense attention as a potential therapeutic agent against various cancers. However, the use of Pae is limited owing to its hydrophobicity. Recently, biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles with amphiphilic copolymers have been used as drug carriers; these have better bioavailability and are promising tumor-targeted drug delivery systems. In the current study, we prepared Pae-loaded nanoparticles (Pae-NPs) with amphiphilic block copolymers using nanoprecipitation. The physiochemical characteristics and antitumor effects of nanoparticles were evaluated in different cancer cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays showed substantial inhibition of cell growth by Pae-NPs. Moreover, lower doses of Pae-NPs inhibited cell growth more efficiently than the equivalent doses of free Pae. Inhibition was characterized by significant elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and subsequent inhibition of Akt and regulation of apoptotic proteins, which could be partly reversed by pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. In vivo results also demonstrated that Pae-NPs could exert much stronger antitumor effects than free Pae. Therefore, Pae-NPs represent a promising delivery system to overcome the low solubility of Pae and enable its use in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing
| | - Feng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng City No 1 People's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong Medical College, Yancheng
| | - Zhibo Hou
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing
| | - Shu Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology, Yancheng Third Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qibin Lu
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing
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Zhou HM, Sun QX, Cheng Y. Paeonol enhances the sensitivity of human ovarian cancer cells to radiotherapy-induced apoptosis due to downregulation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/phosphatase and tensin homolog pathway and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3213-3220. [PMID: 28912871 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a vital and effective method to treat solid tumors. However, in many tumor types, development of resistance of cancer cells and cytotoxicity in normal tissues presents a major therapeutic problem. It is therefore crucial to identify and develop novel sensitizing agents that may improve the response to radiation therapy without causing any adverse effects. The present study aimed to investigate whether paeonol, a bioactive flavonoid, was able to confer sensitivity to radiation in human ovarian cancer cells. The human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 were exposed to varying doses of radiation (2, 4 or 6 Gy) in the presence or absence of paeonol (25, 50 or 100 µM). Radiosensitivity was assessed by measuring cell viability using a CCK-8 assay and Annexin V/PI staining. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), proteins of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway and apoptotic pathway proteins [caspase-3, Bcl-2-associated death promoter, B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-2-associated X and Bcl-extra large (Bcl-xL)] were also assessed. Paeonol treatment enhanced apoptosis of SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells that were exposed to radiation. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were markedly upregulated in these cells. Treatment with paeonol concentrations of 50 and 100 µM caused a significant downregulation of VEGF, HIF-1α and PI3K/Akt pathway proteins. Paeonol effectively enhanced the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to radiation by significantly altering regulation of the proteins of the PI3K/Akt pathway, in addition to downregulating VEGF and HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Mei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical College, Linyi, Shandong 276401, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Xiang Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical College, Linyi, Shandong 276401, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
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Njayou FN, Kouam AF, Simo BFN, Tchana AN, Moundipa PF. Active chemical fractions of stem bark extract of Khaya grandifoliola C.DC and Entada africana Guill. et Perr. synergistically protect primary rat hepatocytes against paracetamol-induced damage. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:190. [PMID: 27389400 PMCID: PMC4936298 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae) and Entada africana (Fabaceae) are traditionally used in Bamun (a western tribe of Cameroon) traditional medicine for the treatment of liver related diseases. In this study, the synergistic hepatoprotective effect of respective active fractions of the plants were investigated against paracetamol-induced toxicity in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Methods Paracetamol conferred hepatocyte toxicity, as determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) content assays. The crude extracts were fractionated by flash chromatography and fractions were tested for hepato-(protective and curative) activities. The most active fractions of both plants were tested individually, and in combination based on their respective half effective concentration (EC50). Results The methylene chloride/methanol fractions of K. grandifoliola (75:25 v/v) (KgF25) and E. africana (90:10 v/v) (EaF10) were found to be the most hepato-protective with EC50 values of 10.30 ± 1.66 μg/ml and 13.47 ± 2.06 μg/ml respectively, comparable with that of silymarin (13.71 ± 3.87 μg/ml). These fractions and their combination significantly (P <0.05) improved cell viability, inhibited ALT leakage and MDA formation, and restored cellular CAT, SOD activities and GSH content. The combination was more effective in restoring biochemical parameters with coefficients of drugs interaction (CDI) less than 1. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that the active fractions have synergistic action in the protection of rat hepatocytes against paracetamol-induced damage and suggest that their hepatoprotective properties may be maximized by using them in combination.
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Wu J, Xue X, Zhang B, Cao H, Kong F, Jiang W, Li J, Sun D, Guo R. Enhanced antitumor activity and attenuated cardiotoxicity of Epirubicin combined with Paeonol against breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12301-12313. [PMID: 27272157 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epirubicin is widely used for the therapy of various breast cancers. However, it has serious adverse side effects, particularly cardiotoxicity, which can cause irreversible damage in patients. Paeonol, an active component from Moutan Cortex, enhances antitumor activity of antineoplastics and reduces toxicities induced by chemotherapeutics. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of Paeonol in combination with Epirubicin against breast cancer and the alleviated effect of Paeonol on cardiotoxicity induced by Epirubicin. The apoptosis results and the coefficient of drug interaction values suggested significantly synergistic in combination of Paeonol and Epirubicin to 4T1 and MCF-7 cells. We further examined antitumor activities of Paeonol or/and Epirubicin in vivo in BALB/c mice and found that co-treatment of Paeonol and Epirubicin had a synergistic inhibitory effect on tumor growth and enhanced apoptosis in tumors in vivo compared with Epirubicin alone. Increased apoptosis was associated with the activation of apoptosis-related proteins including PARP, Bax, caspase 3, and inhibition of p38/JNK/ERK MAPKs. Moreover, Paeonol exhibited a mitigative effect on Epirubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through suppressing NF-kB pathway. In conclusion, Paeonol (a) enhanced the antitumor activity of Epirubicin in a synergistic manner against breast cancer cells via inhibiting p38/JNK/ERK MAPKs and (b) alleviated Epirubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing NF-kB pathway. These findings suggest that combination of Paeonol and Epirubicin is potentially applicable for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xia Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, 308# Huiquan Road, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Feng Kong
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Deqing Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247# Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, China.
| | - Ruichen Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, 107# West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Synergistic effect of cucurbitacin B in combination with curcumin via enhancing apoptosis induction and reversing multidrug resistance in human hepatoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 768:28-40. [PMID: 26452516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin B is a plant-derived tetracyclic triterpenoid, which has been used for a variety of cancers, especially human hepatoma. Curcumin, isolated from a plant Curcuma longa also has found the anti-tumor property. In the present study, the synergistic effect of cucurbitacin B and curcumin was studied on BEL7402/5-Fu cells in vitro and BEL7402 tumor-bearing mice in vivo. The synergistic anticancer activity of these two compounds involves the two mechanisms. Firstly, curcumin synergistically enhanced the apoptosis of BEL7402/5-Fu cells induced by cucurbitacin B in the optimal mass ratio of 2:1 (cucurbitacin B:curcumin). The mechanism may result from the cell arresting in different phases of cell cycles and the apoptotic change of ultrastructure in BEL7402/5-Fu cells. Secondly, curcumin reversed the multidrug resistance (MDR) caused by cucurbitacin B in the optimized concentration of 67.9μM (25μg/ml). The mechanism was associated with the P-gp reduction, ΔΨm collapse and mitochondrial colocalization in BEL7402/5-Fu cells. The findings were consistent with the changes of the body weight and tumor volume, caspase3 activation and ATP down-regulation in vivo. In conclusion, cucurbitacin B in the combination with curcumin could serve as a novel, promising approach for human hepatoma.
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Chen M, May BH, Zhou IW, Xue CCL, Zhang AL. Meta-Analysis of Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy Combined With Traditional Medicines for Colorectal Cancer: Contributions of Specific Plants to Tumor Response. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:40-59. [PMID: 26254190 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415596424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis evaluates the clinical evidence for the addition of traditional medicines (TMs) to oxaliplatin-based regimens for colorectal cancer (CRC) in terms of tumor response rate (TRR). Eight electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy combined with TMs compared to the same oxaliplatin-based regimen. Data on TRR from 42 randomized controlled trials were analyzed using Review Manager 5.1. Studies were conducted in China or Japan. Publication bias was not evident. The meta-analyses suggest that the combination of the TMs with oxaliplatin-based regimens increased TRR in the palliative treatment of CRC (risk ratio [RR] 1.31 [1.20-1.42], I(2) = 0%). Benefits were evident for both injection products (RR 1.36 [1.18-1.57], I(2) = 0%) and orally administered TMs (RR 1.27 [1.15-1.41], I(2) = 0%). Further sensitivity analysis of specific plant-based TMs found that Paeonia, Curcuma, and Sophora produced consistently higher contributions to the RR results. Compounds in each of these TMs have shown growth-inhibitory effects in CRC cell-line studies. Specific combinations of TMs appeared to produce higher contributions to TRR than the TMs individually. Notable among these was the combination of Hedyotis, Astragalus, and Scutellaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Chen
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brian H May
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Iris W Zhou
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Charlie C L Xue
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony L Zhang
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
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Ou Y, Li Q, Wang J, Li K, Zhou S. Antitumor and Apoptosis Induction Effects of Paeonol on Mice Bearing EMT6 Breast Carcinoma. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:341-6. [PMID: 25143814 PMCID: PMC4131527 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol is a major phenolic micromolecular component of Moutan cortex Radicis, a traditional Chinese Medicine. It has shown antitumor effects in previous studies; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the mechanism by giving treatments of placebo, cyclophosphamide, paeonol of 150 and 300 mg/kg to 4 groups of mice bearing EMT6 breast cancer. Apoptosis in tumor cells were confirmed by morphology analysis, including hematoxylin, eosin staining and TUNEL staining. The results showed that the weight of EMT6 breast tumor was significantly reduced in the groups treated with both 150 and 300 mg/kg of paeonol. Immunohistochemical and Western blot results showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated while the expression of Bax, caspase 8 and caspase 3 was up-regulated respectively. These results suggest that paeonol exhibits antitumor effects and the mechanism of the inhibition is via induction of apoptosis, regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and activation of caspase 8 and caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetao Ou
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinghuangdao 066004 ; College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, P. R China
| | - Qingwang Li
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinghuangdao 066004 ; College of Animal Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100
| | - Jianjie Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, P. R China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinghuangdao 066004
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, LU1 3JU, UK
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Cai J, Chen S, Zhang W, Hu S, Lu J, Xing J, Dong Y. Paeonol reverses paclitaxel resistance in human breast cancer cells by regulating the expression of transgelin 2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:984-91. [PMID: 24680370 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first-line antineoplastic drug that is commonly used in clinical chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment. However, the occurrence of drug resistance in chemotherapeutic treatment has greatly restricted its use. There is thus an urgent need to find ways of reversing paclitaxel chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Plant-derived agents have great potential in preventing the onset of the carcinogenic process and enhancing the efficacy of mainstream antitumor drugs. Paeonol, a main compound derived from the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa, has various biological activities, and is reported to have reversal drug resistance effects. This study established a paclitaxel-resistant human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7/PTX) and applied the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, MTT assay, flow cytometry, transfection assay, Western blotting and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to investigate the reversing effects of paeonol and its underlying mechanisms. It was found that transgelin 2 may mediate the resistance of MCF-7/PTX cells to paclitaxel by up-regulating the expressions of the adenosine-triphosphate binding cassette transporter proteins, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Furthermore, the ability of paeonol to reverse paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer was confirmed, with a superior 8.2-fold reversal index. In addition, this study found that paeonol down-regulated the transgelin 2-mediated paclitaxel resistance by reducing the expressions of P-gp, MRP1, and BCRP in MCF-7/PTX cells. These results not only provide insight into the potential application of paeonol to the reversal of paclitaxel resistance, thus facilitating the sensitivity of breast cancer chemotherapy, but also highlight a potential role of transgelin 2 in the development of paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxia Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Siying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Sasa Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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15
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Yin J, Wu N, Zeng F, Cheng C, Kang K, Yang H. Paeonol induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells. Acta Histochem 2013; 115:835-9. [PMID: 23768958 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Paeonol is a broad-spectrum antitumor agent, which is widely used in the treatment of various tumors in Asia. However, the effect of paeonol on ovarian cancer remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of paeonol on ovarian cancer cells and its possible mechanism. Results measured by MTT (methyl thiazoyltetrazolium) assay showed that cell viability was markedly reduced in a dosage-dependent manner, when treated with paeonol for 24 h. Flow cytometry and Hoechst staining results indicated that the rate of apoptosis in the paeonol pretreatment group was higher than the control group. After co-culture with paeonol, cleaved Caspase 3 protein levels increased while survivin protein levels decreased. In conclusion, our findings indicate that paeonol can induce apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells via activation of Caspase 3 and down-regulation of survivin, and therefore is potentially an effective chemotherapeutic agent for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yin
- Department of Gynecology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400700, PR China
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16
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Antiproliferative activity of the dimeric phloroglucinol and benzophenone derivatives of Hypericum spp. native to southern Brazil. Anticancer Drugs 2013; 24:699-703. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e3283626626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Fan L, Song B, Sun G, Ma T, Zhong F, Wei W. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced resistance to doxorubicin is reversed by paeonol treatment in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62627. [PMID: 23658755 PMCID: PMC3643935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is generally activated in solid tumors and results in tumor cell anti-apoptosis and drug resistance. Paeonol (Pae, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone), is a natural product extracted from the root of Paeonia Suffruticosa Andrew. Although Pae displays anti-neoplastic activity and increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in various cell lines and in animal models, studies related to the effect of Pae on ER stress–induced resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poorly understood. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we investigated the effect of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response during resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to doxorubicin. Treatment with the ER stress-inducer tunicamycin (TM) before the addition of doxorubicin reduced the rate of apoptosis induced by doxorubicin. Interestingly, co-pretreatment with tunicamycin and Pae significantly increased apoptosis induced by doxorubicin. Furthermore, induction of ER stress resulted in increasing expression of COX-2 concomitant with inactivation of Akt and up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP (GADD153) in HepG2 cells. These cellular changes in gene expression and Akt activation may be an important resistance mechanism against doxorubicin in hepatocellular carcinoma cells undergoing ER stress. However, co-pretreatment with tunicamycin and Pae decreased the expression of COX-2 and levels of activation of Akt as well as increasing the levels of CHOP in HCC cells. Conclusions/Significance Our results demonstrate that Pae reverses ER stress–induced resistance to doxorubicin in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2 mediated inactivation of PI3K/AKT/CHOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Cardiovasology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Tai Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Li M, Tan SY, Zhang J, You HX. Effects of paeonol on intracellular calcium concentration and expression of RUNX3 in LoVo human colon cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1425-30. [PMID: 23504038 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol, a major phenolic component of the root bark of Paeonia moutan, is known to exhibit antitumor effects. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, the effects of paeonol on cell viability, intracellular calcium concentration and the expression of runt‑related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) were analyzed in LoVo human colon cancer cells. Results revealed that paeonol markedly reduced LoVo cell viability in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner. Flow cytometry assays demonstrated that paeonol blocked the cell cycle at the G1 to S transition and significantly induced apoptosis in LoVo cells. Intracellular calcium accumulation occurred following a 48 h treatment with paeonol. Furthermore, RUNX3 gene expression was increased in paeonol‑treated cells. These observations indicate that paeonol possesses antiproliferative properties and apoptosis‑inducing activity. One of the antitumor mechanisms of paeonol may be its apoptosis‑inducing activity through an increased intracellular calcium concentration and the upregulation of RUNX3 expression. Paeonol may be a promising antitumor agent for colon carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
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19
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Hole AS, Grimmer S, Jensen MR, Sahlstrøm S. Synergistic and suppressive effects of dietary phenolic acids and other phytochemicals from cereal extracts on nuclear factor kappa B activity. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Aqueous Extract of Paeonia suffruticosa Inhibits Migration and Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells via Suppressing VEGFR-3 Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:409823. [PMID: 22454663 PMCID: PMC3291499 DOI: 10.1155/2012/409823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells are characterized by strong drug resistance and high metastatic incidence. In this study, the effects of ten kinds of Chinese herbs on RCC cell migration and proliferation were examined. Aqueous extract of Paeonia suffruticosa (PS-A) exerted strong inhibitory effects on cancer cell migration, mobility, and invasion. The results of mouse xenograft experiments showed that the treatment of PS-A significantly suppressed tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis. We further found that PS-A markedly decreased expression of VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) and phosphorylation of FAK in RCC cells. Moreover, the activation of Rac-1, a modulator of cytoskeletal dynamics, was remarkably reduced by PS-A. Additionally, PS-A suppressed polymerization of actin filament as demonstrated by confocal microscopy analysis and decreased the ratio of F-actin to G-actin in RCC cells, suggesting that PS-A inhibits RCC cell migration through modulating VEGFR-3/FAK/Rac-1 pathway to disrupt actin filament polymerization. In conclusion, this research elucidates the effects and molecular mechanism for antimigration of PS-A on RCC cells and suggests PS-A to be a therapeutic or adjuvant strategy for the patients with aggressive RCC.
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Zhou B, Xiao X, Xu L, Zhu L, Tan L, Tang H, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Yao S. A dynamic study on reversal of multidrug resistance by ginsenoside Rh2 in adriamycin-resistant human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Talanta 2012; 88:345-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Li N, Fan LL, Sun GP, Wan XA, Wang ZG, Wu Q, Wang H. Paeonol inhibits tumor growth in gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:4483-90. [PMID: 20845518 PMCID: PMC2941074 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i35.4483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the anti-tumor effects of paeonol in gastric cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: Murine gastric cancer cell line mouse forestomach carcinoma (MFC) or human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was cultured in the presence or absence of paeonol. Cell proliferation was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Tumor growth after subcutaneous implantation of MFC cells in mice was monitored, and the effects of treatment with paeonol were determined.
RESULTS: In vitro, paeonol caused dose-dependent inhibition on cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis revealed a decreased proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase, with arrest at S. Paeonol treatment in gastric cancer cell line MFC and SGC-790 cells significantly reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and increased the expression of Bax in a concentration-related manner. Administration of paeonol to MFC tumor-bearing mice significantly lowered the tumor growth and caused tumor regression.
CONCLUSION: Paeonol has significantly growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects in gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Kim SA, Lee HJ, Ahn KS, Lee HJ, Lee EO, Ahn KS, Choi SH, Jung SJ, Kim JY, Baek N, Kim SH. Paeonol exerts anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activities through downmodulation of Akt activation and inactivation of matrix metalloproteinases. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32:1142-7. [PMID: 19571375 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Paeonol (2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone) is known to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. Recently there is evidence that anti-inflammatory agents may be useful in the setting of angiogenesis-related diseases. Thus in the present study the anti-angiogenic activity of paeonol and its mechanism were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Paeonol significantly inhibited proliferation of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Paeonol also significantly inhibited migration and tube formation of bFGF-stimulated HUVECs in vitro. In addition, paeonol significantly suppressed neovessel formation on bFGF-treated chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and disrupted bFGF-induced neovascularization in Matrigel plug assay in vivo. Furthermore, paeonol downregluated Akt phosphorylation in bFGF-stimulated HUVECs and reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. The Akt inhibitor LY294002 synergistically potentiated paeonol-induced inactivation of Akt and vascular endothelial growth factor in bFGF-treated HUVECs. Taken together, these findings suggest that paeonol can be a potent suppressor of angiogenesis and metastasis partially through inhibition of Akt signaling pathway and matrix metalloproteinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ae Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University
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Yan F, Zhang QY, Jiao L, Han T, Zhang H, Qin LP, Khalid R. Synergistic hepatoprotective effect of Schisandrae lignans with Astragalus polysaccharides on chronic liver injury in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 16:805-813. [PMID: 19345075 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Revised: 01/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic hepatoprotective effect of lignans from Fructus Schisandrae chinensis (LFS) with Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on chronic liver injury in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Subcutaneous injection of 10% CCl(4) twice a week for 3 months resulted in significantly (p<0.001) elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities compared to controls. In the liver, significantly elevated levels (p<0.001) of malondialdehyde (MDA), lowered levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) (p<0.05) and catalase (CAT) (p<0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p<0.01)were observed following CCl(4) administration. 'LFS+ASP' treatment of rats at doses of 'LFS (45mg/kg)+APS (150mg/kg)' and 'LFS (135mg/kg)+APS (450mg/kg)' displayed hepatoprotective and antioxidative effects than the administration of either LFS or APS, as evident by lower (p<0.005 or 0.001) levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP and hepatic MDA (p<0.001) concentration, as well as higher SOD (p<0.05 or 0.005), CAT activities(p<0.01 or 0.005), GSH concentration (p<0.05 or 0.005) compared to the toxin treated group. Histopathological examinations revealed severe fatty degeneration in the toxin group, and mild damage in groups treated with 'LFS+APS' were observed. The coefficients drug interaction (CDI) between each individual drug and their combination (at the same dose of their single treatment) of these foregoing parameters were all less than 1, indicating that LFS and APS display hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties and act in a synergistic manner in CCl(4) induced liver injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Tan L, Jia X, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Tang H, Yao S, Xie Q. In vitro study on the individual and synergistic cytotoxicity of adriamycin and selenium nanoparticles against Bel7402 cells with a quartz crystal microbalance. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:2268-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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