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Tavabie OD, Salehi S, Aluvihare VR. The challenges and potential in developing microRNA associated with regeneration as biomarkers to improve prognostication for liver failure syndromes and hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:5-22. [PMID: 38059597 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2292642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Determining the need for liver transplantation remains critical in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver failure syndromes (including acute liver failure and decompensated cirrhosis states). Conventional prognostic models utilize biomarkers of liver and non-liver failure and have limitations in their application. Novel biomarkers which predict regeneration may fulfil this niche. microRNA are implicated in health and disease and are present in abundance in the circulation. Despite this, they have not translated into mainstream clinical biomarkers. AREAS COVERED We will discuss current challenges in the prognostication of patients with liver failure syndromes as well as for patients with HCC. We will discuss biomarkers implicated with liver regeneration. We then provide an overview of the challenges in developing microRNA into clinically tractable biomarkers. Finally, we will provide a scoping review of microRNA which may have potential as prognostic biomarkers in liver failure syndromes and HCC. EXPERT OPINION Novel biomarkers are needed to improve prognostic models in liver failure syndromes and HCC. Biomarkers associated with liver regeneration are currently lacking and may fulfil this niche. microRNA have the potential to be developed into clinically tractable biomarkers but a consensus on standardizing methodology and reporting is required prior to large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siamak Salehi
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Shehab-Eldeen S, Essa A, Arafat ES, Sleem AS, Alhosary AA, Darwish E, Essa A, Al-Omair OA, Al-Khoufi EA, Al Abdulqader AK, Nada A. Serum LINC00152 and UCA1 in HCV-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Significance and Prognostic Value. Biologics 2023; 17:137-149. [PMID: 37854341 PMCID: PMC10581015 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s433872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite significant advancements in the molecular characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), no oncogene addiction has been discovered. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a lot of promise as cancer biomarkers. LINC00152 and UCA1 have shown potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for human cancers. Aim To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of serum LINC00152 and UCA1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expression levels of LINC00152 and UCA1 in blood samples from 120 patients (60 with HCC, 60 with liver cirrhosis) and 40 healthy subjects were assessed using real-time qRT-PCR. Results Serum LINC00152 and UCA1 expression were considerably higher in HCC patients compared to patients with liver cirrhosis and the healthy controls (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). And their expressions in the liver cirrhosis group were significantly higher than in healthy controls. Both lncRNAs performed well in the ROC analysis, distinguishing HCC patients from patients with liver cirrhosis. Higher levels of LINC00152 expression were linked to lesions in both lobes of the liver (p=0.02), while higher levels of UCA1 expression were linked to vascular invasion and the late stage (p=0.01, p=0.03 respectively). The multivariate analysis showed that a high level of LINC00152 in the blood was an independent indicator of a bad outcome for HCC patients (HR=2.23, 95% CI= 1.30-5.29, p=0.03). Conclusion Serum LINC00152 and UCA1 expression were upregulated in patients with HCC, suggesting their use as non-invasive biomarkers for HCC. Furthermore, LINC00152 has the potential to serve as a prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaia Shehab-Eldeen
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Essa
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Eman Salah Arafat
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Shaaban Sleem
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | | | - Ehab Darwish
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Unit, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Essa
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Omar Ahmed Al-Omair
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Ali Al-Khoufi
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Nada
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
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