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Xu W, Zhang Y, Chen D, Huang D, Zhao Y, Hu W, Lin L, Liu Y, Wang S, Zeng J, Xie C, Chan H, Li Q, Chen H, Liu X, Wong SH, Yu J, Chan FKL, Chan MTV, Ng SC, Wu WKK, Zhang L. Elucidating the genotoxicity of Fusobacterium nucleatum-secreted mutagens in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Gut Pathog 2024; 16:50. [PMID: 39334474 PMCID: PMC11438217 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00640-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is one of the key tumorigenic bacteria in colorectal cancer (CRC), yet how F. nucleatum is involved in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis remains unknown. RESULTS In the present study, we carried out PathSeq analysis on RNA sequencing data from the 430 primary colon adenocarcinomas in TCGA database to assess the relationship between patients' survival and F. nucleatum abundance. Among patients with cecum and ascending colon tumors, we found that F. nucleatum transcriptome abundance is positively correlated with mutation load. We further demonstrated that patients with both high tumoral abundance of F. nucleatum and high mutation load exhibited poorer survival and DNA damage. We furthermore determined that F. nucleatum-conditioned medium (Fn. CM) induces DNA damage in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, two F. nucleatum-secreted mutagens, namely DL-homocystine and allantoic acid, were identified to lead to DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS Our finding delineates the genotoxicity of F.nucleatum-secreted mutagens, which provides a basis for further work to investigate the role of F. nucleatum in the pathogenicity of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenye Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Obstetrics Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongjiao Chen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yingzhi Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shilan Wang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Judeng Zeng
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hung Chan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Huarong Chen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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2
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German B, Alaiwi SA, Ho KL, Nanda JS, Fonseca MA, Burkhart DL, Sheahan AV, Bergom HE, Morel KL, Beltran H, Hwang JH, Freedman ML, Lawrenson K, Ellis L. MYBL2 Drives Prostate Cancer Plasticity: Inhibiting Its Transcriptional Target CDK2 for RB1-Deficient Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:2295-2307. [PMID: 39113611 PMCID: PMC11368174 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is a recognized mechanism driving therapeutic resistance in patients with prostate cancer. Although underlying molecular causations driving phenotypic plasticity have been identified, therapeutic success is yet to be achieved. To identify putative master regulator transcription factors (MR-TF) driving phenotypic plasticity in prostate cancer, this work utilized a multiomic approach using genetically engineered mouse models of prostate cancer combined with patient data to identify MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2) as a significantly enriched transcription factor in prostate cancer exhibiting phenotypic plasticity. Genetic inhibition of Mybl2 using independent murine prostate cancer cell lines representing phenotypic plasticity demonstrated Mybl2 loss significantly decreased in vivo growth as well as cell fitness and repressed gene expression signatures involved in pluripotency and stemness. Because MYBL2 is currently not druggable, a MYBL2 gene signature was employed to identify cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2) as a potential therapeutic target. CDK2 inhibition phenocopied genetic loss of Mybl2 and significantly decreased in vivo tumor growth associated with enrichment of DNA damage. Together, this work demonstrates MYBL2 as an important MR-TF driving phenotypic plasticity in prostate cancer. Furthermore, high MYBL2 activity identifies prostate cancer that would be responsive to CDK2 inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE Prostate cancers that escape therapy targeting the androgen receptor signaling pathways via phenotypic plasticity are currently untreatable. Our study identifies MYBL2 as a MR-TF in phenotypic plastic prostate cancer and implicates CDK2 inhibition as a novel therapeutic target for this most lethal subtype of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz German
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland.
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Sarah A. Alaiwi
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Jagpreet S. Nanda
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Marcos A. Fonseca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Deborah L. Burkhart
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Anjali V. Sheahan
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Hannah E. Bergom
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Katherine L. Morel
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Justin H. Hwang
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Matthew L. Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland.
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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3
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Islam MS, Al-Jassas RM, Al-Majid AM, Haukka M, Nafie MS, Abu-Serie MM, Teleb M, El-Yazbi A, Alayyaf AMA, Barakat A, Shaaban MM. Exploiting spirooxindoles for dual DNA targeting/CDK2 inhibition and simultaneous mitigation of oxidative stress towards selective NSCLC therapy; synthesis, evaluation, and molecular modelling studies. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2937-2958. [PMID: 39149093 PMCID: PMC11324055 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00337c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique structure of spirooxindoles and their ability to feature various pharmacophoric motifs render them privileged scaffolds for tailoring new multitarget anticancer agents. Herein, a stereoselective multicomponent reaction was utilized to generate a small combinatorial library of pyrazole-tethered spirooxindoles targeting DNA and CDK2 with free radical scavenging potential as an extra bonus. The designed spirooxindoles were directed to combat NSCLC via inducing apoptosis and alleviating oxidative stress. The series' absolute configuration was assigned by X-ray diffraction analysis. Cytotoxicity screening of the developed spirooxindoles against NSCLC A549 and H460 cells compared to normal lung fibroblasts Wi-38 revealed the sensitivity of A549 cells to the compounds and raised 6e and 6h as the study hits (IC50 ∼ 0.09 μM and SI > 3). They damaged DNA at 24.6 and 35.3 nM, and surpassed roscovitine as CDK2 inhibitors (IC50 = 75.6 and 80.2 nM). Docking and MDs simulations postulated their receptors binding modes. The most potent derivative, 6e, induced A549 apoptosis by 40.85% arresting cell cycle at G2/M phase, and exhibited antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner compared to Trolox as indicated by DPPH scavenging assay. Finally, in silico ADMET analysis predicted the drug-likeness properties of 6e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaah M Al-Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä P.O. Box 35 FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah Sharjah (P.O. Box 27272) United Arab Emirates
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University Alexandria 21521 Egypt
| | - Amira El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | | | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa M Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University Alexandria 21521 Egypt
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4
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Tang J, Li J, Lian J, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Zhong G, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Bai X, Fang M, Wu L, Shen H, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang H. CDK2-activated TRIM32 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation promotes radioresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. J Adv Res 2024; 61:239-251. [PMID: 37734566 PMCID: PMC11258662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite radiotherapy being one of the major treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), new molecular targets for its treatment are still required due to radioresistance. CDK2 plays a critical role in TNBC. However, the mechanism by which CDK2 promotes TNBC radioresistance remains to be clearly elucidated. OBJECTIVES We aimed to elucidate the relationship between CDK2 and TRIM32 and the regulation mechanism in TNBC. METHODS We performed immunohistochemical staining to detect nuclear TRIM32, CDK2 and STAT3 on TNBC tissues. Western blot assays and PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA level changes. CRISPR/Cas9 used to knock out CDK2. shRNA-knockdown and transfection assays also used to knock out target genes. GST pull-down analysis, immunoprecipitation (IP) assay and in vitro isomerization analysis also used. Tumorigenesis studies also used to verify the results in vitro. RESULTS Herein, tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32) is revealed as a substrate of CDK2. Radiotherapy promotes the binding of CDK2 and TRIM32, thus leading to increased CDK2-dependent phosphorylation of TRIM32 at serines 328 and 339. This causes the recruitment of PIN1, involved in cis-trans isomerization of TRIM32, resulting in importin α3 binding to TRIM32 and contributing to its nuclear translocation. Nuclear TRIM32 inhibits TC45-dephosphorylated STAT3, Leading to increased transcription of STAT3 and radioresistance in TNBC. These results were validated by clinical prognosis confirmed by the correlative expressions of the critical components of the CDK2/TRIM32/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that regulating the CDK2/TRIM32/STAT3 pathway is a promising strategy for reducing radioresistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Jing Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jiayan Lian
- Department of Pathology, The 7th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 510275, Guandong, PR China
| | - Yumei Huang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Shangtang Road 158, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Guansheng Zhong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, PR China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhitao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xin Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Min Fang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Luming Wu
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Haofei Shen
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, PR China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
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Hamed OA, Abou-Elmagd El-Sayed N, Mahmoud WR, F Elmasry G. Molecular docking approach for the design and synthesis of new pyrazolopyrimidine analogs of roscovitine as potential CDK2 inhibitors endowed with pronounced anticancer activity. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107413. [PMID: 38696844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a vital protein for controlling cell cycle progression that is critically associated with various malignancies and its inhibition could offer a convenient therapeutic approach in designing anticancer remedies. Consequently, this study aimed to design and synthesize new CDK2 inhibitors featuring roscovitine as a template model. The purine ring of roscovitine was bioisosterically replaced with the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold, in addition to some modifications in the side chains. A preliminary molecular docking study for the target chemotypes in the CDK2 binding domain revealed their ability to accomplish similar binding patterns and interactions to that of the lead compound roscovitine. Afterwards, synthesis of the new derivatives was accomplished. Then, the initial anticancer screening at a single dose by the NCI revealed that compounds 7a, 9c, 11c, 17a and 17b achieved the highest GI% values reaching up to 150 % indicating their remarkable activity. These derivatives were subsequently selected to undertake five-dose testing, where compounds 7a, 9c, 11c and 17a unveiled the most pronounced activity against almost the full panel with GI50 ranges; 1.41-28.2, 0.116-2.39, 0.578-60.6 and 1.75-42.4 µM, respectively and full panel GI50 (MG-MID); 8.24, 0.6, 2.46 and 6.84 µM, respectively. CDK2 inhibition assay presented compounds 7a and 9c as the most potent inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.262 and 0.281 µM, respectively which are nearly 2.4 folds higher than the reference ligand roscovitine (IC50 = 0.641 µM). Besides, flow cytometric analysis on the most susceptible and safe cell lines depicted that 7a caused cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase in renal cancer cell line (RXF393) while 9c led to cell growth arrest at S phase in breast cancer cell line (T-47D) along with pronounced apoptotic induction in the mentioned cell lines. These findings afforded new anticancer pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine, roscovitine analogs, acting via CDK2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Alaa Hamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nehad Abou-Elmagd El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa R Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada F Elmasry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
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6
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Lashen A, Alqahtani S, Shoqafi A, Algethami M, Jeyapalan JN, Mongan NP, Rakha EA, Madhusudan S. Clinicopathological Significance of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5053. [PMID: 38732271 PMCID: PMC11084890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a key cell cycle regulator, with essential roles during G1/S transition. The clinicopathological significance of CDK2 in ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) and early-stage invasive breast cancers (BCs) remains largely unknown. Here, we evaluated CDK2's protein expression in 479 BC samples and 216 DCIS specimens. Analysis of CDK2 transcripts was completed in the METABRIC cohort (n = 1980) and TCGA cohort (n = 1090), respectively. A high nuclear CDK2 protein expression was significantly associated with aggressive phenotypes, including a high tumour grade, lymph vascular invasion, a poor Nottingham prognostic index (all p-values < 0.0001), and shorter survival (p = 0.006), especially in luminal BC (p = 0.009). In p53-mutant BC, high nuclear CDK2 remained linked with worse survival (p = 0.01). In DCIS, high nuclear/low cytoplasmic co-expression showed significant association with a high tumour grade (p = 0.043), triple-negative and HER2-enriched molecular subtypes (p = 0.01), Comedo necrosis (p = 0.024), negative ER status (p = 0.004), negative PR status (p < 0.0001), and a high proliferation index (p < 0.0001). Tumours with high CDK2 transcripts were more likely to have higher expressions of genes involved in the cell cycle, homologous recombination, and p53 signaling. We provide compelling evidence that high CDK2 is a feature of aggressive breast cancers. The clinical evaluation of CDK2 inhibitors in early-stage BC patients will have a clinical impact.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Female
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Middle Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Neoplasm Staging
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Aged
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Lashen
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Shatha Alqahtani
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Ahmed Shoqafi
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Mashael Algethami
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nigel P. Mongan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emad A. Rakha
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
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7
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Budka J, Debowski D, Mai S, Narajczyk M, Hac S, Rolka K, Vrettos EI, Tzakos AG, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Design, Synthesis, and Antitumor Evaluation of an Opioid Growth Factor Bioconjugate Targeting Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:283. [PMID: 38399336 PMCID: PMC10892429 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents a formidable challenge with high lethality and limited effective drug treatments. Its heightened metastatic potential further complicates the prognosis. Owing to the significant toxicity of current chemotherapeutics, compounds like [Met5]-enkephalin, known as opioid growth factor (OGF), have emerged in oncology clinical trials. OGF, an endogenous peptide interacting with the OGF receptor (OGFr), plays a crucial role in inhibiting cell proliferation across various cancer types. This in vitro study explores the potential anticancer efficacy of a newly synthesized OGF bioconjugate in synergy with the classic chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine (OGF-Gem). The study delves into assessing the impact of the OGF-Gem conjugate on cell proliferation inhibition, cell cycle regulation, the induction of cellular senescence, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the antimetastatic potential of the OGF-Gem conjugate was demonstrated through evaluations using blood platelets and AsPC-1 cells with a light aggregometer. In summary, this article demonstrates the cytotoxic impact of the innovative OGF-Gem conjugate on pancreatic cancer cells in both 2D and 3D models. We highlight the potential of both the OGF-Gem conjugate and OGF alone in effectively inhibiting the ex vivo pancreatic tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) process, a phenomenon not observed with Gem alone. Furthermore, the confirmed hemocompatibility of OGF-Gem with platelets reinforces its promising potential. We anticipate that this conjugation strategy will open avenues for the development of potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Budka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dawid Debowski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Shaoshan Mai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Narajczyk
- Bioimaging Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Hac
- Department of General Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Rolka
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- University Research Center of Ioannina, Institute of Materials Science and Computing, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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8
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Peng H, Guo D, Shan W, Tan S, Wang C, Wang H, Liu Z, Xu B, Guo X, Wang Y. Identification of the AccCDK7 and AccCDK9 genes and their involvement in the response to resist external stress in Apis cerana cerana. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104117. [PMID: 37019323 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies examining the functions of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have mainly focused on the regulation of the cell cycle. Recent studies have found that cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) and cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) play important roles in cell stress, metabolism of toxic substances and maintaining the stability of the internal environment. Here, we found that under stress conditions, the transcription and protein expression of AccCDK7 and AccCDK9 were induced to varying degrees. Meanwhile, the silencing of AccCDK7 and AccCDK9 also affected the expression of antioxidant genes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced the survival rate of bees under high temperature stress. Furthermore, the exogenous overexpression of AccCDK7 and AccCDK9 improved the viability of yeast under stress conditions. Therefore, AccCDK7 and AccCDK9 may play roles in A.cerana cerana resistance to oxidative stress caused by external stimuli, potentially revealing a new mechanism of the honeybee response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Dezheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Wenlu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Shuai Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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9
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Ma Z, Xie T, Sun J, Yu J, Huang S, Zhou Q, Li B. Identification of SPRYD4 as a tumour suppressor predicts prognosis and correlates with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:404. [PMID: 37142983 PMCID: PMC10161465 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10810-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive solid tumour with a 5-year survival rate ranging from 7% to 20%. It is, therefore, urgent to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the outcomes of patients with CCA. SPRY-domain containing protein 4 (SPRYD4) contains SPRY domains that modulate protein-protein interaction in various biological processes; however, its role in cancer development is insufficiently explored. This study is the first to identify that SPRYD4 is downregulated in CCA tissues using multiple public datasets and a CCA cohort. Furthermore, the low expression of SPRYD4 was significantly associated with unfavourable clinicopathological characteristics and poor prognosis in patients with CCA, indicating that SPRYD4 could be a prognosis indicator of CCA. In vitro experiments revealed that SPRYD4 overexpression inhibited CCA cells proliferation and migration, whereas the proliferative and migratory capacity of CCA cells was enhanced after SPRYD4 deletion. Moreover, flow cytometry showed that SPRYD4 overexpression triggered the S/G2 cell phase arrest and promoted apoptosis in CCA cells. Furthermore, the tumour-inhibitory effect of SPRYD4 was validated in vivo using xenograft mouse models. SPRYD4 also showed a close association with tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and important immune checkpoints including PD1, PD-L1 and CTLA4 in CCA. In conclusion, this study elucidated the role of SPRYD4 during CCA development and highlighted SPRYD4 as a novel biomarker and tumour suppressor in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Tiange Xie
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Shanzhou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Hui Ya Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Huizhou, 516081, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Binglu Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China.
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10
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Maimaiti A, Liu Y, Abulaiti A, Wang X, Feng Z, Wang J, Mijiti M, Turhon M, Alimu N, Wang Y, Liang W, Jiang L, Pei Y. Genomic Profiling of Lower-Grade Gliomas Subtype with Distinct Molecular and Clinicopathologic Characteristics via Altered DNA-Damage Repair Features. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:269-286. [PMID: 37067735 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Lower WHO grade II and III gliomas (LGGs) exhibit significant genetic and transcriptional heterogeneity, and the heterogeneity of DNA damage repair (DDR) and its relationship to tumor biology, transcriptome, and tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted multi-omics data integration to investigate DDR alterations in LGG. Based on clinical parameters and molecular characteristics, LGG patients were categorized into distinct DDR subtypes, namely, DDR-activated and DDR-suppressed subtypes. We compared gene mutation, immune spectrum, and immune cell infiltration between the two subtypes. DDR scores were generated to classify LGG patients based on DDR subtype features, and the results were validated using a multi-layer data cohort. We found that DDR activation was associated with poorer overall survival and that clinicopathological features of advanced age and higher grade were more common in the DDR-activated subtype. DDR-suppressed subtypes exhibited more frequent mutations in IDH1. In addition, we observed significant upregulation of activated immune cells in the DDR-activated subgroup, which suggests that immune cell infiltration significantly influences tumor progression and immunotherapeutic responses. Furthermore, we constructed a DDR signature for LGG using six DDR genes, which allowed for the division of patients into low- and high-risk groups. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that CDK1, CDK2, TYMS, SMC4, and WEE1 were significantly upregulated in LGG samples compared to normal brain tissue samples. Overall, our study sheds light on DDR heterogeneity in LGG and provides insight into the molecular pathways of DDR involved in LGG development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aierpati Maimaiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, 830002, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Aimitaji Abulaiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xixian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhaohai Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Maimaitili Mijiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mirzat Turhon
- Department of Neurointerventional Surgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurointerventional Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Nilipaer Alimu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenbao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 116, Huanghe Road, Shaibak District, 830000, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Yinan Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, 830054, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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11
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Hubner SE, de Camargo Magalhães ES, Hoff FW, Brown BD, Qiu Y, Horton TM, Kornblau SM. DNA Damage Response-Related Proteins Are Prognostic for Outcome in Both Adult and Pediatric Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Patients: Samples from Adults and from Children Enrolled in a Children's Oncology Group Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5898. [PMID: 36982970 PMCID: PMC10058043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of malignant leukemic cells is dependent on DNA damage repair (DDR) signaling. Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) data sets were assembled using diagnostic samples from 810 adult and 500 pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients and were probed with 412 and 296 strictly validated antibodies, respectively, including those detecting the expression of proteins directly involved in DDR. Unbiased hierarchical clustering identified strong recurrent DDR protein expression patterns in both adult and pediatric AML. Globally, DDR expression was associated with gene mutational statuses and was prognostic for outcomes including overall survival (OS), relapse rate, and remission duration (RD). In adult patients, seven DDR proteins were individually prognostic for either RD or OS. When DDR proteins were analyzed together with DDR-related proteins operating in diverse cellular signaling pathways, these expanded groupings were also highly prognostic for OS. Analysis of patients treated with either conventional chemotherapy or venetoclax combined with a hypomethylating agent revealed protein clusters that differentially predicted favorable from unfavorable prognoses within each therapy cohort. Collectively, this investigation provides insight into variable DDR pathway activation in AML and may help direct future individualized DDR-targeted therapies in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan E. Hubner
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Fieke W. Hoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Brandon D. Brown
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yihua Qiu
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Terzah M. Horton
- Department of Pediatrics, Dan Duncan Cancer Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77584, USA
| | - Steven M. Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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12
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Li LP, Li HX, Zhou H, Li WY, Wang RL, Zhang YC, Ma Y. Exploring the mechanism of C473D mutation on CDC25B causing weak binding affinity with CDK2/CyclinA by molecular dynamics study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12552-12564. [PMID: 36655391 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2166995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CDC25B belongs to the CDC25 family, and it plays an important part in regulating the activity of CDK/CyclinA. Studies have shown that CDC25B is closely related to cancer development. When CYS473 on CDC25B is mutated into ASP, the affinity between CDC25B and CDK2/CyclinA weakens, and their dissociation speed is greatly improved. However, the mechanism by which the CDC25BC473D mutant weakens its binding to CDK2/CyclinA is unclear. In order to study the effect of CDC25BC473D mutants on CDK2/CyclinA substrates, we constructed and verified the rationality of the CDC25BWT:CDK2/CyclinA system and CDC25BC473D:CDK2/CyclinA system and conducted molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis. In the post-analysis, the fluctuations of residues ARG488-SER499, LYS541-TRP550 on CDC25B and residues ASP206-ASP210 on CDK2 were massive in the mutant CDC25BC473D:CDK2/CyclinA system. And the interactions between residue ARG492 and residue GLU208, residue ARG544 and residue GLU42, residue ARG544 and TRP550 were weakened in the mutant CDC25BC473D:CDK2/CyclinA system. The results showed that when CYS473 on CDC25B was mutated into ASP473, the mutant CDC25BC473D:CDK2/CyclinA system was less stable than the wild-type CDC25BWT:CDK2/CyclinA system. Finally, active site CYS473 of CDC25B was speculated to be the key residue, which had great effects on the binding between CDC25BCYS473 and CDK2 in the CDC25BC473D:CDK2/CyclinA system. Consequently, overall analyses appeared in this study ultimately provided a useful understanding of the weak interactions between CDC25BCYS473D and CDK2/CyclinA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Xin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ya Li
- China Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Run-Ling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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13
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Ma K, Chen N, Wang H, Li Q, Shi H, Su M, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Li T. The regulatory role of BMP4 in testicular Sertoli cells of Tibetan sheep. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac393. [PMID: 36440761 PMCID: PMC9838805 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene in the testes of Tibetan sheep and its role in the blood-testis barrier (BTB). First, we cloned BMP4 gene for bioinformatics analysis, and detected the mRNA and protein expression levels of BMP4 in the testes of Tibetan sheep pre-puberty (3-mo-old), during sexual maturity (1-yr-old), and in adulthood (3-yr-old) by qRT-PCR and Western blot. In addition, the subcellular localization of BMP4 was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Next, BMP4 overexpression and silencing vectors were constructed and transfected into primary Sertoli cells (SCs) to promote and inhibit the proliferation of BMP4, respectively. Then, CCK-8 was used to detect the proliferation effect of SCs. The expression of BMP4 and downstream genes, pathway receptors, tight junction-related proteins, and cell proliferation and apoptosis-related genes in SCs were studied using qRT-PCR and Western blot. The results revealed that the relative expression of BMP4 mRNA and protein in testicular tissues of 1Y group and 3Y group was dramatically higher than that of 3M group (P < 0.01), and BMP4 protein is mainly located in SCs and Leydig cells at different development stages. The CDS region of the Tibetan sheep BMP4 gene was 1,229 bp. CCK-8 results demonstrated that the proliferation rate of BMP4 was significantly increased in the overexpression group (pc-DNA-3.1(+)-BMP4; P < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA and protein expressions of SMAD5, BMPR1A, and BMPR1B and tight junction-related proteins Claudin11, Occludin, and ZO1 were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of cell proliferation-related gene Bcl2 was significantly enhanced (P < 0.05), and the expression of GDNF was enhanced (P > 0.05). The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes Caspase3 and Bax decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of cell cycle-related genes CyclinA2 and CDK2 increased significantly (P < 0.05). It is worth noting that the opposite results were observed after transfection with si-BMP4. In summary, what should be clear from the results reported here is that BMP4 affects testicular development by regulating the Sertoli cells and BTB, thereby modulating the spermatogenesis of Tibetan sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyan Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Nana Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huibin Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Manchun Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Taotao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
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14
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Liu D, Chen J, Xie Y, Mei X, Xu C, Liu J, Cao X. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of glyoxal-induced cytotoxicity in human embryonic kidney cells: Insights from network toxicology and cell biology experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2269-2280. [PMID: 35621379 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyoxal, a reactive carbonyl species, can be generated both endogenously (glucose metabolism) and exogenously (cigarette smoke and food system). Increasing evidence demonstrates that glyoxal exacerbates the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, but the underlying mechanisms of glyoxal toxicity to human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells remain unclear. In this work, the molecular mechanisms of glyoxal-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells were explored with network toxicology and cell biology experiments. Network toxicology results showed that oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)/RAGE signaling pathways played a crucial role in glyoxal toxicity. Next, further validation was performed at the cellular level. Glyoxal activated the AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway, caused the increase of cellular ROS, and activated the p38MAPK and JNK signaling pathways, causing cellular oxidative stress. Furthermore, glyoxal caused the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and increased the expression of TGF-β1, indicating that glyoxal caused cellular inflammation. Moreover, glyoxal caused cellular DNA damage accompanied by the activation of DNA damage response pathways. Finally, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was activated. The results that obtained in cell biology were consistent with network toxicology, which corroborated each other and together indicated that glyoxal induced HEK293 cells damage via the process of oxidative stress, the AGEs-RAGE pathway, and their associated signaling pathways. This study provides the experimental basis for the cytotoxicity of glyoxal on HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junliang Chen
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanzhen Xie
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueying Mei
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengbin Xu
- School of Environment Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Híveš M, Jurečeková J, Kliment J, Grendár M, Kaplán P, Dušenka R, Evin D, Vilčková M, Holečková KH, Sivoňová MK. Role of Genetic Variations in CDK2, CCNE1 and p27KIP1 in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2022; 19:362-371. [PMID: 35430569 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Our aim was to investigate possible influences of genetic variants in genes involved in the G1/S transition [cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2), cyclin E1 (CCNE1) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27KIP1)] on the expression/activity of their corresponding proteins and to assess the functional impact of these variants on the risk of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We genotyped 530 cases and 562 healthy controls for two relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (CDK2 rs2069408 and CCNE1 rs997669) by TaqMan genotyping assay. p27KIP1 rs2066827 polymorphisms were studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. In addition, the expression of CDK2, CCNE1 and p27KIP1 was evaluated by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting in 44 prostate cancer tissues and 31 benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. RESULTS No association was found between CDK2 rs2069408, CCNE1 rs997669 or p27KIP1 rs2066827 polymorphisms and an increased risk of prostate cancer development. Higher CDK2 expression was more prevalent in those with rs2069408 GG genotype than in AA carriers (p>0.05). We also noted reduced p27KIP1 protein expression in those with the p27KIP1 G109 allele. No difference was observed for CCNE1 expression in relation to the risky genotype (CC). A significant association was detected between CCNE1 mRNA overexpression and development of higher-grade carcinomas (Gleason score >7, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Polymorphisms CDK2 rs2069408, CCNE1 rs997669 and p27KIP1 rs2066827 have no significant impact on prostate cancer risk nor on the gene and protein expression of CDK2, CCNE1 and p27KIP1, although high CCNE1 expression was significantly associated with a higher tumour grade in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márk Híveš
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Jurečeková
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Kliment
- Department of Urology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Marián Grendár
- Biomedical Center Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kaplán
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Róbert Dušenka
- Department of Urology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Evin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Vilčková
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Klaudia Híveš Holečková
- Department of Urology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.,Biomedical Center Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Kmeťová Sivoňová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic;
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16
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Discovery of novel benzofuro[3,2-b]quinoline derivatives as dual CDK2/Topo I inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Howard D, James D, Garcia-Parra J, Pan-Castillo B, Worthington J, Williams N, Coombes Z, Rees SC, Lutchman-Singh K, Francis LW, Rees P, Margarit L, Conlan RS, Gonzalez D. Dinaciclib as an effective pan-cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor in platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014280. [PMID: 36505806 PMCID: PMC9732436 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is amongst the most lethal of common cancers in women. Lacking in specific symptoms in the early stages, OC is predominantly diagnosed late when the disease has undergone metastatic spread and chemotherapy is relied on to prolong life. Platinum-based therapies are preferred and although many tumors respond initially, the emergence of platinum-resistance occurs in the majority of cases after which prognosis is very poor. Upregulation of DNA damage pathways is a common feature of platinum resistance in OC with cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) serving as key regulators of this process and suggesting that CDK inhibitors (CDKis) could be effective tools in the treatment of platinum resistant and refractory OC. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CDKis in platinum resistant OC models and serve as a predictor of potential clinical utility. Methods The efficacy of CDKi, dinaciclib, was determined in wildtype and platinum resistant cell line pairs representing different OC subtypes. In addition, dinaciclib was evaluated in primary cells isolated from platinum-sensitive and platinum-refractory tumors to increase the clinical relevance of the study. Results and conclusions Dinaciclib proved highly efficacious in OC cell lines and primary cells, which were over a thousand-fold more sensitive to the CDKi than to cisplatin. Furthermore, cisplatin resistance in these cells did not influence sensitivity to dinaciclib and the two drugs combined additively in both platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant OC cells suggesting a potential role for pan-CDKis (CDKis targeting multiple CDKs), such as dinaciclib, in the treatment of advanced and platinum-resistant OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Howard
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - David James
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Jezabel Garcia-Parra
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Belen Pan-Castillo
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Zoe Coombes
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Colleen Rees
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Bridgend, United Kingdom
| | - Kerryn Lutchman-Singh
- Department of Gynaecology Oncology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis W Francis
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Rees
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Margarit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Bridgend, United Kingdom
| | - R Steven Conlan
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Deyarina Gonzalez
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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18
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Juric V, Hudson L, Fay J, Richards CE, Jahns H, Verreault M, Bielle F, Idbaih A, Lamfers MLM, Hopkins AM, Rehm M, Murphy BM. Transcriptional CDK inhibitors, CYC065 and THZ1 promote Bim-dependent apoptosis in primary and recurrent GBM through cell cycle arrest and Mcl-1 downregulation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:763. [PMID: 34344865 PMCID: PMC8333061 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) contributes to the uncontrolled proliferation of tumour cells. Genomic alterations that lead to the constitutive activation or overexpression of CDKs can support tumourigenesis including glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary brain tumour in adults. The incurability of GBM highlights the need to discover novel and more effective treatment options. Since CDKs 2, 7 and 9 were found to be overexpressed in GBM, we tested the therapeutic efficacy of two CDK inhibitors (CKIs) (CYC065 and THZ1) in a heterogeneous panel of GBM patient-derived cell lines (PDCLs) cultured as gliomaspheres, as preclinically relevant models. CYC065 and THZ1 treatments suppressed invasion and induced viability loss in the majority of gliomaspheres, irrespective of the mutational background of the GBM cases, but spared primary cortical neurons. Viability loss arose from G2/M cell cycle arrest following treatment and subsequent induction of apoptotic cell death. Treatment efficacies and treatment durations required to induce cell death were associated with proliferation velocities, and apoptosis induction correlated with complete abolishment of Mcl-1 expression, a cell cycle-regulated antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member. GBM models generally appeared highly dependent on Mcl-1 expression for cell survival, as demonstrated by pharmacological Mcl-1 inhibition or depletion of Mcl-1 expression. Further analyses identified CKI-induced Mcl-1 loss as a prerequisite to establish conditions at which the BH3-only protein Bim can efficiently induce apoptosis, with cellular Bim amounts strongly correlating with treatment efficacy. CKIs reduced proliferation and promoted apoptosis also in chick embryo xenograft models of primary and recurrent GBM. Collectively, these studies highlight the potential of these novel CKIs to suppress growth and induce cell death of patient-derived GBM cultures in vitro and in vivo, warranting further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Juric
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lance Hudson
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Fay
- Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cathy E Richards
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hanne Jahns
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maïté Verreault
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Martine L M Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ann M Hopkins
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brona M Murphy
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
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19
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Sabnis RW. Novel CDK2 Inhibitors for Treating Cancer. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2346-2347. [PMID: 33335646 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ram W. Sabnis
- Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP, 1230 Peachtree Street NE, Suite 3100, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
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20
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Valle A, Leiro JM, Pereiro P, Figueras A, Novoa B, Dirks RPH, Lamas J. Interactions between the Parasite Philasterides dicentrarchi and the Immune System of the Turbot Scophthalmus maximus. A Transcriptomic Analysis. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9100337. [PMID: 33076342 PMCID: PMC7602577 DOI: 10.3390/biology9100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study analyses the interactions between Philasterides dicentrarchi (a ciliate parasite that causes high mortalities in cultured flatfish) and the peritoneal cells of the turbot Scophthalmus maximus during an experimental infection. The transcriptomic response was evaluated in the parasites and in the fish peritoneal cells, at 1, 2 and 4 h post-infection (hpi) in turbot injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 107 ciliates and at 12 and 48 hpi in turbot injected ip with 105 ciliates. Numerous genes were differentially expressed (DE) in P. dicentrarchi, relative to their expression in control ciliates (0 hpi): 407 (369 were up-regulated) at 1 hpi, 769 (415 were up-regulated) at 2 hpi and 507 (119 were up-regulated) at 4 hpi. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the DE genes showed that the most representative categories of biological processes affected at 1, 2 and 4 hpi were biosynthetic processes, catabolic processes, biogenesis, proteolysis and transmembrane transport. Twelve genes of the ABC transporter family and eight genes of the leishmanolysin family were DE at 1, 2 and 4 hpi. Most of these genes were strongly up-regulated (UR), suggesting that they are involved in P. dicentrarchi infection. A third group of UR genes included several genes related to ribosome biogenesis, DNA transcription and RNA translation. However, expression of tubulins and tubulin associated proteins, such as kinesins or dyneins, which play key roles in ciliate division and movement, was down-regulated (DR). Similarly, genes that coded for lysosomal proteins or that participate in the cell cycle mitotic control, glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and/or in the electron transport chain were also DR. The transcriptomic analysis also revealed that in contrast to many parasites, which passively evade the host immune system, P. dicentrarchi strongly stimulated turbot peritoneal cells. Many genes related to inflammation were DE in peritoneal cells at 1, 2 and 4 hpi. However, the response was much lower at 12 hpi and almost disappeared completely at 48 hpi in fish that were able to kill P. dicentrarchi during the first few hpi. The genes that were DE at 1, 2 and 4 hpi were mainly related to the apoptotic process, the immune response, the Fc-epsilon receptor signalling pathway, the innate immune response, cell adhesion, cell surface receptors, the NF-kappaB signalling pathway and the MAPK cascade. Expression of toll-like receptors 2, 5 and 13 and of several components of NF-κB, MAPK and JAK/STAT signalling pathways was UR in the turbot peritoneal cells. Genes expressing chemokines and chemokine receptors, genes involved in prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis, prostaglandins, leukotriene receptors, proinflammatory cytokines and genes involved in apoptosis were strongly UR during the first four hours of infection. However, expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as Il-10 and lipoxygenases with anti-inflammatory activity (i.e., arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) were only UR at 12 and/or 48 hpi, indicating an anti-inflammatory state in these groups of fish. In conclusion, the present study shows the regulation of several genes in P. dicentrarchi during the early stages of infection, some of which probably play important roles in this process. The infection induced a potent acute inflammatory response, and many inflammatory genes were regulated in peritoneal cells, showing that the turbot uses all the protective mechanisms it has available to prevent the entry of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Valle
- Department of Fundamental Biology, Institute of Aquaculture, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Leiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Patricia Pereiro
- Institute of Marine Research, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.P.); (A.F.); (B.N.)
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.P.); (A.F.); (B.N.)
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.P.); (A.F.); (B.N.)
| | - Ron P. H. Dirks
- Future Genomics Technologies, Leiden BioScience Park, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Jesús Lamas
- Department of Fundamental Biology, Institute of Aquaculture, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-88-181-6951; Fax: +34-88-159-6904
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21
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Zeng L, Boggs DH, Xing C, Zhang Z, Anderson JC, Wajapeyee N, Veale C, Bredel M, Shi LZ, Bonner JA, Willey CD, Yang ES. Combining PARP and DNA-PK Inhibitors With Irradiation Inhibits HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer Squamous Carcinoma Growth. Front Genet 2020; 11:1036. [PMID: 33133138 PMCID: PMC7511754 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel targeted agents to inhibit DNA repair pathways to sensitize tumors to irradiation (IR) are being investigated as an alternative to chemoradiation for locally advanced human papilloma virus negative (HPV-negative) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Two well-characterized targets that, when inhibited, exhibit potent IR sensitization are PARP1 and DNA-PKcs. However, their cooperation in sensitizing HPV-negative HNSCC to IR remains to be explored given that PARP1 and DNA-PkCS bind to unresected stalled DNA replication forks and cooperate to recruit XRCC1 to facilitate double-strand break repair. Here, we show that the combination of the DNA-PK inhibitor NU7441 and the PARP inhibitor olaparib significantly decrease proliferation (61–78%) compared to no reduction with either agent alone (p < 0.001) in both SCC1 and SCC6 cell lines. Adding IR to the combination further decreased cell proliferation (91–92%, p < 0.001) in SCC1 and SCC6. Similar results were observed using long-term colony formation assays [dose enhancement ratio (DER) 2.3–3.2 at 4Gy, p < 0.05]. Reduced cell survival was attributed to increased apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Kinomic analysis using tyrosine (PTK) and serine/threonine (STK) arrays reveals that combination treatment results in the most potent inhibition of kinases involved in the CDK and ERK pathways compared to either agent alone. In vivo, a significant delay of tumor growth was observed in UM-SCC1 xenografts receiving IR with olaparib and/or NU7441, which was similar to the cisplatin-IR group. Both regimens were less toxic than cisplatin-IR as assessed by loss of mouse body weight. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the combination of NU7441 and olaparib with IR enhances HPV-negative HNSCC inhibition in both cell culture and in mice, suggesting a potential innovative combination for effectively treating patients with HPV-negative HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Drexell Hunter Boggs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Chuan Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Joshua C Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Narendra Wajapeyee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Chris Veale
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Markus Bredel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Lewis Z Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James A Bonner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
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22
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MicroRNA-122-5p inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting CCNG1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:98. [PMID: 32256207 PMCID: PMC7106816 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal human malignancy, and previous researches support the contribution of microRNA (miRNA) to cancer progression. MiR-122-5p is reported to participate in the regulation of various cancers, while the function of miR-122-5p in PDAC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the precise mechanism of miR-122-5p involved in PDAC pathogenesis. Methods The expression levels of miR-122-5p were detected in human PDAC tissues and cell lines by miRNA RT-PCR. The effects of miR-122-5p on cell proliferation were explored by MTT assays, colony formation assays and flow cytometry assays. The ability of migration and invasion was determined by transwell assays. Dual Luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate the direct interaction between miR-122-5p and its target gene. The related molecules of cell cycle, apoptosis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were examined with qRT-PCR and western blot. In addition, xenograft mouse models were applied to explore the effects of miR-122-5p in vivo. Results MiR-122-5p was underexpressed, while CCNG1 was highly expressed in PDAC tissues and cells. MiR-122-5p was negatively correlated with TNM stage, tumor size and lymph node metastasis in PDAC patients. Overexpression of miR-122-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. Furthermore, CCNG1 was a direct target of miR-122-5p. Upregulated CCNG1 could partially reverse the effects caused by miR-122-5p. Moreover, miR-122-5p inhibited EMT through downregulation of CCNG1. Conclusion Overexpression of miR-122-5p could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT by downregulating CCNG1 in PDAC, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for PDAC.
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