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Masoomi M, Kheirandish P, Javadmanesh A, Danesh Mesgaran S, Izadi H, Danesh Mesgaran M. Rumen-protected l-carnitine supplementation during mating period altered metabolic status and reproductive performance of ewes. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:300-309. [PMID: 37867377 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Current study hypothesized that dietary l-carnitine (LC) inclusion during the mating period ameliorates both metabolic status and reproductive performance of ewes. Seventy Baluchi ewes (52 ± 4.2 kg of bodyweight and 18 ± 6 months old of age) were enrolled in this study. Animals were randomly allocated into two dietary treatments, control (only basal diet) or basal diet plus supplementation with a rumen-protected LC (Carneon 20 Rumin-pro; 20% LC; Kaesler Nutrition GmbH) at the rate of 10 g/head/day from 21 days before until 35 days after introducing rams to the ewes (MP). Feed intake was monitored by subtracting the ort from feed offered. Blood sample collection was conducted on Days -10, +10 and +20 relative to MP. Pregnancy was confirmed on Day 30 post-MP. Feed intake of the ewes in the LC group was higher than the control (p < 0.05). LC supplementation increased the cholesterol concentration in the ewes (p < 0.05). Blood urea concentration of animals in the LC group was significantly lower than the control (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4 was evidently lower in animals supplemented with LC than the control (p < 0.05). Both lambing and fecundity rates in the LC group tended to be higher compared with the control. LC supplementation showed potential to alter certain metabolites in the ewes. A tendency for higher lambing rate may partly be driven by dams efficient energy partitioning to support foetal growth and maintaining pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Masoomi
- Small Ruminant Research Centre, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Kheirandish
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Javadmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hooman Izadi
- Small Ruminant Research Centre, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Danesh Mesgaran
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Dias BV, da Costa GM, Leite RF, Lucas FA, Custódio DADC, Lima RRD, Brighenti CRG, Alves NG. Relationship between subclinical mastitis and reproduction in Lacaune sheep. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Greguła-Kania M, Kosior-Korzecka U, Patkowski K, Juszczuk-Kubiak E, Plewik M, Gruszecki TM. Acute-phase proteins, cortisol and haematological parameters in ewes during the periparturient period. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:393-400. [PMID: 31916297 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Numerous subclinical diseases in sheep occur in the periparturient period and involve inflammatory processes; therefore, determining markers, such as acute-phase proteins (APPs), can allow an early diagnosis. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess changes in the plasma concentration of APPs and cortisol in clinically healthy ewes in the periparturient period for use in future studies. At the same time, haematological parameters were monitored. We showed that plasma APPs and cortisol concentrations were significantly higher in pregnant ewes than before insemination. A gradual increase in the SAA concentration was observed from the 14th day before to the day of parturition, while Hp was reduced from 2 weeks before up to 2 weeks after delivery. A significant increase in the Fb concentration was detected from the 14th day before to the 1st week after delivery. The cortisol concentration did not undergo significant changes in the periparturient period. We found an increase in the SAA and Fb concentrations and decrease in Hp in the periparturient period. The direction of the change in APPs of healthy ewes in the current study may be related to their distinct regulatory mechanisms during pregnancy. The APPs are usually altered during infection, inflammation, neoplasia, stress and trauma; therefore, knowing their reference values could help lead to an early diagnosis of subclinical forms of some diseases and pregnancy complications in ewes. The haematological analysis showed that ewes in late pregnancy and postpartum compared to dry period were under metabolic stress related to pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Greguła-Kania
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Biodiversity Conservation, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Urszula Kosior-Korzecka
- Sub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Patkowski
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Biodiversity Conservation, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic and Veterinary Research Centre and Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Science-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Plewik
- Sub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Maria Gruszecki
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Biodiversity Conservation, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Iliev P, Georgieva T. Acute phase biomarkers of diseases in small ruminants: an overview. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.15547/10.15547/bjvm.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are a large group of proteins synthesised mainly by the liver. Their
production is stimulated in response to disturbances in the systemic homeostasis. It is known that
each species has a specific set of APPs. Serum amyloid A and haptoglobin are the main APPs in
small ruminants and their plasma concentration is changed most significantly in comparison with
minor APPs such as ceruloplasmin. In general, APPs could provide valuable information on the general
condition of the organism but cannot point at the exact disease. Therefore, APPs should be
included as an additional indicator in clinical diagnosis. Knowledge of APPs behaviour in disease
states has a remarkable potential for detecting animals with subclinical infections, determining the
prognosis of clinical infection, differentiation between viral and bacterial disease, treatment
monitoring, vaccine effectiveness and stress conditions. The aim of this review is to present data on
APPs behaviour during some parasitic and infectious diseases as well as pathological conditions leading
to aseptic inflammation and stress in sheep and goats.
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Rainard P, Gitton C, Chaumeil T, Fassier T, Huau C, Riou M, Tosser-Klopp G, Krupova Z, Chaize A, Gilbert FB, Rupp R, Martin P. Host factors determine the evolution of infection with Staphylococcus aureus to gangrenous mastitis in goats. Vet Res 2018; 49:72. [PMID: 30045763 PMCID: PMC6060506 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the major cause of very severe mastitis of dairy goats. The initial objective of our study was to fine-tune an experimental model of infection of the goat mammary gland with two strains of S. aureus and two lines of goats (low and high somatic cell score lines). Following the challenge, the 10 infected goats divided in two clear-cut severity groups, independently of the S. aureus strain and the goat line. Five goats developed very severe mastitis (of which four were gangrenous) characterized by uncontrolled infection (UI group), whereas the other five kept the infection under control (CI group). The outcome of the infection was determined by 18 h post-infection (hpi), as heralded by the bacterial milk concentration at 18 hpi: more than 107/mL in the UI group, about 106/mL in the CI group. Leukocyte recruitment and composition did not differ between the groups, but the phagocytic killing at 18 hpi efficiency did. Contributing factors involved milk concentrations of α-toxin and LukMF′ leukotoxin, but not early expression of the genes encoding the pentraxin PTX3, the cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β, and the chemokines IL-8 and CCL5. Concentrations of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-22 rose sharply in the milk of UI goats when infection was out of control. The results indicate that defenses mobilized by the mammary gland at an early stage of infection were essential to prevent staphylococci from reaching critical concentrations. Staphylococcal exotoxin production appeared to be a consequent event inducing the evolution to gangrenous mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Rainard
- ISP, INRA, UMR 1282, Université Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | | | | | | | - Christophe Huau
- GenPhySE, INRA, UMR 1388, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Gwenola Tosser-Klopp
- GenPhySE, INRA, UMR 1388, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Zuzana Krupova
- GABI, INRA, UMR 1313, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,EXCILONE, 78990, Elancourt, France
| | - Anne Chaize
- GABI, INRA, UMR 1313, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Rachel Rupp
- GenPhySE, INRA, UMR 1388, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Patrice Martin
- GABI, INRA, UMR 1313, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Wang LF, Yang GQ, Yang S, Yang GY, Li M, Zhu HS, Wang YY, Han LQ, Liu RY, Jia SD, Song F. Alteration of factors associated with hepatic gluconeogenesis in response to acute lipopolysaccharide in dairy goat1. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:2767-77. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Lavon Y, Leitner G, Moallem U, Klipper E, Voet H, Jacoby S, Glick G, Meidan R, Wolfenson D. Immediate and carryover effects of Gram-negative and Gram-positive toxin-induced mastitis on follicular function in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2011; 76:942-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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