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Guo HX, Yuan B, Su MT, Zheng Y, Zhang JY, Han DX, Wang HQ, Huang YJ, Jiang H, Zhang JB. Identification of Circular RNAs in the Anterior Pituitary in Rats Treated with GnRH. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092557. [PMID: 34573523 PMCID: PMC8466137 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The pituitary gland, an important endocrine organ, can secrete a variety of reproductive hormones under the action of hypothalamus-secreted gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Circular RNAs are a class of RNA molecules with stable covalently closed circular structures. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of GnRH-treated rats to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in the anterior pituitary. The results revealed 1433 related circRNAs, 14 of which were differentially expressed. We predicted targeted relationships between the differentially expressed circRNAs and FSHb-LHb-associated miRNAs. In all, a total of 14 circRNAs were identified that may act on the secretion and regulation of reproductive hormones in GnRH-treated rats. Abstract The pituitary gland, an important endocrine organ, can secrete a variety of reproductive hormones under the action of hypothalamus-secreted gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and plays important roles in animal reproduction. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules with stable covalently closed circular structures. CircRNAs are equipped with miRNA response elements (MREs), which can regulate the expression of target genes by competitively binding miRNAs. However, whether the expression levels of circRNAs in the pituitary gland change under the action of GnRH and whether such changes can further affect the secretion of reproductive hormones are still unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of GnRH-treated rats to identify differentially expressed circRNAs. The results revealed 1433 related circRNAs, 14 of which were differentially expressed. In addition, we randomly selected five differentially expressed circRNAs and tested their relative expression levels by RT-qPCR, the results of which were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Finally, we predicted targeted relationships between the differentially expressed circRNAs and FSHb-LHb-associated miRNAs. In all, a total of 14 circRNAs were identified that may act on the secretion and regulation of reproductive hormones in GnRH-treated rats. Our expression profiles of circRNAs in the anterior pituitaries of rats treated with GnRH can provide insights into the roles of circRNAs in mammalian development and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Jiang
- Correspondence: (H.J.); (J.-B.Z.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6536 (H.J.); +86-431-8783-6551 (J.-B.Z.)
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Correspondence: (H.J.); (J.-B.Z.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6536 (H.J.); +86-431-8783-6551 (J.-B.Z.)
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Petrucci L, Maranesi M, Verini Supplizi A, Dall’Aglio C, Mandara MT, Quassinti L, Bramucci M, Miano A, Gobbetti A, Catone G, Boiti C, Zerani M. Kisspeptin/GnRH1 system in Leydig cells of horse (Equus caballus): Presence and function. Theriogenology 2020; 152:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Rey-Ares V, Rossi SP, Dietrich KG, Köhn FM, Schwarzer JU, Welter H, Frungieri MB, Mayerhofer A. Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) is a testicular peritubular cell-derived factor involved in human testicular homeostasis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 473:217-224. [PMID: 29408603 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In man, blockage of prostaglandin (PG)-production e.g. by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) may have negative testicular side effects, implying beneficial actions of PGs in the testis. We examined human testicular samples and isolated human testicular peritubular cells (HTPCs) to explore sites of PG-synthesis and targets. HTPCs express cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) and secrete PGE2. Receptors (EP1, 2, 4) were specifically identified in peritubular cells. In HTPCs PGE2 significantly increased mRNA levels of the contractility protein calponin, but did not induce contractions. PGE2, as well as EP1 and EP4 receptor agonists, significantly increased glia cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mRNA and/or protein levels. Importantly, the NSAID ibuprofen reduced PGE2 and this action also lowered SMA and calponin mRNA levels and levels of secreted GDNF protein. The results reveal an unknown PGE2 system in the human testis, in involving peritubular cells, which may be prone to interference by NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Rey-Ares
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), D-82152 Planegg, Germany.
| | - Soledad Paola Rossi
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), D-82152 Planegg, Germany; Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Kim-Gwendolyn Dietrich
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), D-82152 Planegg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Harald Welter
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), D-82152 Planegg, Germany.
| | - Mónica Beatriz Frungieri
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Artur Mayerhofer
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), D-82152 Planegg, Germany.
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Desaulniers AT, Cederberg RA, Lents CA, White BR. Expression and Role of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone 2 and Its Receptor in Mammals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:269. [PMID: 29312140 PMCID: PMC5732264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) and its receptor (GnRHR1) drive mammalian reproduction via regulation of the gonadotropins. Yet, a second form of GnRH (GnRH2) and its receptor (GnRHR2) also exist in mammals. GnRH2 has been completely conserved throughout 500 million years of evolution, signifying high selection pressure and a critical biological role. However, the GnRH2 gene is absent (e.g., rat) or inactivated (e.g., cow and sheep) in some species but retained in others (e.g., human, horse, and pig). Likewise, many species (e.g., human, chimpanzee, cow, and sheep) retain the GnRHR2 gene but lack the appropriate coding sequence to produce a full-length protein due to gene coding errors; although production of GnRHR2 in humans remains controversial. Certain mammals lack the GnRHR2 gene (e.g., mouse) or most exons entirely (e.g., rat). In contrast, old world monkeys, musk shrews, and pigs maintain the coding sequence required to produce a functional GnRHR2. Like GnRHR1, GnRHR2 is a 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor that interacts with Gαq/11 to mediate cell signaling. However, GnRHR2 retains a cytoplasmic tail and is only 40% homologous to GnRHR1. A role for GnRH2 and its receptor in mammals has been elusive, likely because common laboratory models lack both the ligand and receptor. Uniquely, both GnRH2 and GnRHR2 are ubiquitously expressed; transcript levels are abundant in peripheral tissues and scarcely found in regions of the brain associated with gonadotropin secretion, suggesting a divergent role from GnRH1/GnRHR1. Indeed, GnRH2 and its receptor are not physiological modulators of gonadotropin secretion in mammals. Instead, GnRH2 and GnRHR2 coordinate the interaction between nutritional status and sexual behavior in the female brain. Within peripheral tissues, GnRH2 and its receptor are novel regulators of reproductive organs. GnRH2 and GnRHR2 directly stimulate steroidogenesis within the porcine testis. In the female, GnRH2 and its receptor may help mediate placental function, implantation, and ovarian steroidogenesis. Furthermore, both the GnRH2 and GnRHR2 genes are expressed in human reproductive tumors and represent emerging targets for cancer treatment. Thus, GnRH2 and GnRHR2 have diverse functions in mammals which remain largely unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy T. Desaulniers
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Cederberg
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | | | - Brett R. White
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Brett R. White,
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Liguori G, Paino S, Squillacioti C, Luca AD, Alì S, Langella E, Mirabella N. Innervation and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Epididymis in Alpaca Camelid (Vicugna Pacos). ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Desaulniers AT, Cederberg RA, Mills GA, Ford JJ, Lents CA, White BR. LH-Independent Testosterone Secretion Is Mediated by the Interaction Between GNRH2 and Its Receptor Within Porcine Testes. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:45. [PMID: 26134865 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.128082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike classic gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GNRH1), the second mammalian isoform (GNRH2) is an ineffective stimulant of gonadotropin release. Species that produce GNRH2 may not maintain a functional GNRH2 receptor (GNRHR2) due to coding errors. A full-length GNRHR2 gene has been identified in swine, but its role in reproduction requires further elucidation. Our objective was to examine the role of GNRH2 and GNRHR2 in testicular function of boars. We discovered that GNRH2 levels were higher in the testis than in the anterior pituitary gland or hypothalamus, corresponding to greater GNRHR2 abundance in the testis versus the anterior pituitary gland. Moreover, GNRH2 immunostaining was most prevalent within seminiferous tubules, whereas GNRHR2 was detected in high abundance on Leydig cells. GNRH2 pretreatment of testis explant cultures elicited testosterone secretion similar to that of human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation. Treatment of mature boars with GNRH2 elevated testosterone levels similar to those of GNRH1-treated males, despite minimal GNRH2-induced release of luteinizing hormone (LH). When pretreated with a GNRHR1 antagonist (SB-75), subsequent GNRH2 treatment stimulated low levels of testosterone secretion despite a pattern of LH release similar to that in the previous trial, suggesting that SB-75 inhibited testicular GNRHR2s. Given that pigs lack testicular GNRHR1, these data may indicate that GNRH2 and its receptor are involved in autocrine or paracrine regulation of testosterone secretion. Notably, our data are the first to suggest a biological function of a novel GNRH2-GNRHR2 system in the testes of swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy T Desaulniers
- University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Department of Animal Science, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Rebecca A Cederberg
- University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Department of Animal Science, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Ginger A Mills
- University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Department of Animal Science, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - J Joe Ford
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska
| | - Clay A Lents
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska
| | - Brett R White
- University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Department of Animal Science, Lincoln, Nebraska
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Liguori G, Squillacioti C, De Luca A, Ciarcia R, Vittoria A, Mirabella N. Presence and Distribution of Urocortin and its Receptors in the Epididymis of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos). Anat Histol Embryol 2014; 44:66-71. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Liguori
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - C. Squillacioti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - A. De Luca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - R. Ciarcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - A. Vittoria
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - N. Mirabella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
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Meccariello R, Chianese R, Chioccarelli T, Ciaramella V, Fasano S, Pierantoni R, Cobellis G. Intra-testicular signals regulate germ cell progression and production of qualitatively mature spermatozoa in vertebrates. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:69. [PMID: 24847312 PMCID: PMC4021137 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis, a highly conserved process in vertebrates, is mainly under the hypothalamic-pituitary control, being regulated by the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone, in response to stimulation exerted by gonadotropin releasing hormone from hypothalamic neurons. At testicular level, gonadotropins bind specific receptors located on the somatic cells regulating the production of steroids and factors necessary to ensure a correct spermatogenesis. Indeed, besides the endocrine route, a complex network of cell-to-cell communications regulates germ cell progression, and a combination of endocrine and intra-gonadal signals sustains the production of high quality mature spermatozoa. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the area of the intra-gonadal signals supporting sperm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Meccariello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Chianese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Chioccarelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Ciaramella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Fasano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pierantoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Riccardo Pierantoni, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Costantinopoli 16, Naples 80138, Italy e-mail:
| | - Gilda Cobellis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale sez “F. Bottazzi”, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
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Parillo F, Zerani M, Maranesi M, Dall'Aglio C, Galeati G, Brecchia G, Boiti C, González-Mariscal G. Ovarian hormones and fasting differentially regulate pituitary receptors for estrogen and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in rabbit female. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 77:201-10. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Parillo
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina veterinaria; Università di Camerino; 62024 Matelica Italy
| | - M. Zerani
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina veterinaria; Università di Camerino; 62024 Matelica Italy
| | - M. Maranesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - C. Dall'Aglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - G. Galeati
- Dipartimento di Scienze mediche veterinarie; Università di Bologna; 40064 Ozzano Emilia Italy
| | - G. Brecchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - C. Boiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - G. González-Mariscal
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal CINVESTAV; Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV; Tlaxcala Mexico
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Parillo F, Dall’Aglio C, Brecchia G, Maranesi M, Polisca A, Boiti C, Zerani M. Aglepristone (RU534) effects on luteal function of pseudopregnant rabbits: Steroid receptors, enzymatic activities, and hormone productions in corpus luteum and uterus. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 138:118-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zerani M, Maranesi M, Brecchia G, Gobbetti A, Boiti C, Parillo F. Evidence for a luteotropic role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: expression and in vitro effects on enzymatic and hormonal activities in corpora lutea of pseudopregnant rabbits. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:62. [PMID: 23365414 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.107383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and its role in corpora lutea (CL) function were studied in pseudopregnant rabbits. Corpora lutea were collected at an early stage (Day 4), midstage (Day 9), and late stage (Day 13) of pseudopregnancy. Immunohistochemistry found evidence for the presence of PPARgamma in the perinuclear cytoplasm and nucleus of all the luteal cells; immunoreactivity decreased from the early to the late stage, with immunonegativity of the nuclei of late stage CL. PPARgamma mRNA transcript was expressed in all the luteal stages with the lowest level in the late stage. In CL cultured in vitro, the PPARgamma agonist (15-deoxy delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 [15d-PGJ2], 200 nM) increased and the antagonist (T0070907, 50 nM) decreased progesterone secretion at early and midluteal stages, whereas 15d-PGJ2 reduced and T0070907 increased PGF2alpha at the same stages. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) activity was reduced by 15d-PGJ2 and increased by T0070907 in CL of early and midluteal stages. Conversely, 15d-PGJ2 increased and T0070907 reduced 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) activity in early and midluteal stage CL. PGE2 in vitro secretion as well as PTGS1 and 20alpha-HSD enzymatic activities were not affected by 15d-PGJ2 and T0070907 in any CL types. These results indicate that PPARgamma plays a luteotropic role in pseudopregnant rabbits, through PTGS2 down-regulation and 3beta-HSD up-regulation, with a consequent PGF2alpha decrease and progesterone increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Zerani
- Scuola di Scienze mediche veterinarie, Università di Camerino, Matelica, Italy.
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Matzkin ME, Pellizzari EH, Rossi SP, Calandra RS, Cigorraga SB, Frungieri MB. Exploring the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)/15d-Δ(12,14)PGJ(2) system in hamster Sertoli cells: regulation by FSH/testosterone and relevance to glucose uptake. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012; 179:254-64. [PMID: 22974512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have previously described a stimulatory effect of testosterone on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, and the involvement of PGs in the modulation of testosterone production in Leydig cells of the seasonal breeder Syrian hamster. In this study, we investigated the existence of a COX2/PGs system in hamster Sertoli cells, its regulation by testosterone and FSH, and its effect on glucose uptake. COX2 expression was observed in Sertoli cells of both reproductively active and inactive adult hamsters. Testosterone and the plasma membrane-impermeable testosterone-BSA significantly induced COX2 expression, mitogen activated protein kinases 1/2 (MAPK1/2) phosphorylation and 15d-Δ(12,14)PGJ(2) production in Sertoli cells purified from photoperiodically regressed hamsters. These actions were abolished by the antiandrogen bicalutamide and by the inhibitor of MAPK kinase (MEK1/2) U0126, suggesting that testosterone exerts its stimulatory effect on COX2/PGs through a non-classical mechanism that involves the presence of androgen receptors and MAPK1/2 activation. FSH also stimulated COX2/PGs via MAPK1/2 phosphorylation. FSH and testosterone stimulate, whereas 15d-Δ(12,14)PGJ(2) via PPARγ inhibits, [2,6-(3)H]-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([(3)H]-2-DOG) uptake. Meloxicam, a selective COX2 inhibitor, further increases [(3)H]-2-DOG uptake in the presence of FSH or testosterone. Thus, in addition to their positive effect, FSH and testosterone may also exert an indirect negative regulation on glucose uptake which involves the COX2/15d-Δ(12,14)PGJ(2)/PPARγ system. Overall, these results demonstrate the presence of a COX2/PG system in hamster Sertoli cells which might act as a local modulator of FSH and testosterone actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Matzkin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 (1428), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Using PGFM (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α) as a non-invasive pregnancy marker for felids. Theriogenology 2012; 77:1088-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Parillo F, Catone G, Boiti C, Zerani M. Immunopresence and enzymatic activity of nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenases and PGE2-9-ketoreductase and in vitro production of PGF2α, PGE2 and testosterone in the testis of adult and prepubertal alpaca (Lama pacos). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 171:381-8. [PMID: 21377467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the first evidence for differences in COXs, PGE2-9-ketoreductase and NOSs immunopresence and enzyme activity, and prostaglandin and testosterone production between the testes of adult and prepubertal alpacas. The prepubertal testis immunohistochemical data revealed that COX1 was expressed in spermatogonia and endothelial cells whereas COX2 was present only in the stromal cells. In adult animals, COX2 immunosignals were evidenced in germ cells, as well as both COX1 and -2 in Leydig and Sertoli cells. In adult testes, the spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round spermatids had expression of e- and n-NOS only, whereas elongated spermatids exhibited immunopositivity for i- and e-NOS and Sertoli cells expressed only n-NOS. In prepubertal alpacas, i-NOS was localized in spermatogonia, e-NOS in Sertoli cells and all three NOS isoforms in Leydig cells. PGE2-9-ketoreductase immunopresence was observed in spermatogonia nuclei and cytoplasm of prepubertal testis whereas they were localized in spermatid acrosomal vesicle of adult. The enzymatic data indicated that COX1 activity was higher than COX2 in adult alpaca testis whereas the activity of COX2 was greater than that of COX1 in prepubertal animals. Total NOS and PGE2-9-ketoreductase activities were more extensive in adult alpacas. In vitro hormone production results showed that prepubertal testes released lower amounts of testosterone and PGF2α while PGE2 synthesis was six times more elevated than in in vitro incubated adult testes. Taken together, the data on COX2, i-NOS and PGE2 led us to hypothesize that development in prepubertal male reproductive tissues utilizes a mechanism similar to that of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Parillo
- Scuola di Scienze mediche veterinarie, Università di Camerino, Italy
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