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Rouge M, Legendre F, Elkhatib R, Delalande C, Cognié J, Reigner F, Barrière P, Deleuze S, Hanoux V, Galéra P, Bouraïma-Lelong H. Early Castration in Horses Does Not Impact Osteoarticular Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16778. [PMID: 38069100 PMCID: PMC10706761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The castration of stallions is traditionally performed after puberty, at around the age of 2 years old. No studies have focused on the effects of early castration on osteoarticular metabolism. Thus, we aimed to compare early castration (3 days after birth) with traditional castration (18 months of age) in horses. Testosterone and estradiol levels were monitored from birth to 33 months in both groups. We quantified the levels of biomarkers of cartilage and bone anabolism (CPII and N-MID) and catabolism (CTX-I and CTX-II), as well as of osteoarthritis (HA and COMP) and inflammation (IL-6 and PGE2). We observed a lack of parallelism between testosterone and estradiol synthesis after birth and during puberty in both groups. The extra-gonadal synthesis of steroids was observed around the 28-month mark, regardless of the castration age. We found the expression of estrogen receptor (ESR1) in cartilage and bone, whereas androgen receptor (AR) expression appeared to be restricted to bone. Nevertheless, with respect to osteoarticular metabolism, steroid hormone deprivation resulting from early castration had no discernable impact on the levels of biomarkers related to bone and cartilage metabolism, nor on those associated with OA and inflammation. Consequently, our research demonstrated that early castration does not disrupt bone and cartilage homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Rouge
- Université de Caen-Normandie, OeReCa, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (R.E.); (C.D.); (V.H.)
| | - Florence Legendre
- Université de Caen Normandie BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France; (F.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Razan Elkhatib
- Université de Caen-Normandie, OeReCa, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (R.E.); (C.D.); (V.H.)
| | - Christelle Delalande
- Université de Caen-Normandie, OeReCa, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (R.E.); (C.D.); (V.H.)
| | - Juliette Cognié
- INRAE, Université de Tours, Centre de Recherche de Tours, UMR PRC, 37380 Nouzilly, France;
| | - Fabrice Reigner
- INRAE, Université de Tours, Centre de Recherche de Tours, UEPAO, 37380 Nouzilly, France; (F.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Philippe Barrière
- INRAE, Université de Tours, Centre de Recherche de Tours, UEPAO, 37380 Nouzilly, France; (F.R.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Vincent Hanoux
- Université de Caen-Normandie, OeReCa, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (R.E.); (C.D.); (V.H.)
| | - Philippe Galéra
- Université de Caen Normandie BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France; (F.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Hélène Bouraïma-Lelong
- Université de Caen-Normandie, OeReCa, 14000 Caen, France; (M.R.); (R.E.); (C.D.); (V.H.)
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