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Kinch MS, Kraft Z, Schwartz T. 2023 in review: FDA approvals of new medicines. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103966. [PMID: 38552777 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
An analysis of all new entities approved by both the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) identified the approval of 69 new entities in the year 2023, 50 % more than in the previous year. Oncology drugs tied with congenital and infectious diseases drugs for the most approvals. Although orphan and priority approvals continued at a high pace, the rate of fast-track approvals continued to decline. The rate of industry consolidation also picked up again after decreasing slightly in 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kinch
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Northern Boulevard, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA.
| | - Zachary Kraft
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Northern Boulevard, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA
| | - Tyler Schwartz
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Northern Boulevard, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA
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Kinch MS, Kraft Z, Schwartz T. 2022 in review: FDA approvals of new medicines. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103622. [PMID: 37201782 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An accounting of all new entities approved by both the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) identified the approval of 44 new entities in the year 2022. Oncology-based drugs continued to be the most popular indication for these medicines. Likewise, orphan indications encompassed more than half of new drug approvals. The number of new entities approved in 2022 declined from its peak after 5 years of more than 50 annual approvals. Likewise, the rate of consolidations slowed somewhat, among both new entries in the realm of clinical-stage developers and more established organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kinch
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, 720 Northern Blvd, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA.
| | - Zachary Kraft
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, 720 Northern Blvd, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA
| | - Tyler Schwartz
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, 720 Northern Blvd, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA
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Kinch MS, Kraft Z, Schwartz T. Immunoconjugates and bispecific antibodies: Trends in therapeutic success and commercial focus. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103462. [PMID: 36464142 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the selective targeting of disease, as well as changing the character of the pharmaceutical industry. Although most attention has focused on conventional antibodies, immunoconjugates and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) are beginning to show greater potential. Herein, we identify trends in the development and approval of antibody derivatives, as well as the organizations developing these products. Whereas industry development of immunoconjugates has grown steadily over four decades, momentum behind bispecific agents has seemingly expanded only recently. Together, our findings suggest that antibody derivatives provide interesting, albeit still speculative, opportunities for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kinch
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA.
| | - Zachary Kraft
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
| | - Tyler Schwartz
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
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Kinch MS, Kraft Z, Schwartz T. Monoclonal antibodies: Trends in therapeutic success and commercial focus. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103415. [PMID: 36280042 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody products have risen from obscurity in the 1990s to a position that increasingly dominates both revenue generation and patient impact. This success has occurred largely over the past two decades, and we have identified factors associated with the remarkable advances that have contributed to the discovery, development and approval of monoclonal antibodies. Although consolidation has increased in recent years, the net number of monoclonal antibody developers continues to grow, bucking the general trend in the biopharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kinch
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA.
| | - Zachary Kraft
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
| | - Tyler Schwartz
- Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
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Xie T, Ding Q, Feng S, Liu Z, Shi Y. Antioxidant mechanism of modified Qiongyu paste against aging based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Shan M, Jiang C, Qin L, Cheng G. A Review of Computational Methods in Predicting hERG Channel Blockers. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jiang
- QuanMin RenZheng (HangZhou) Technology Co. Ltd. China
| | - Lu‐Ping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
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Kinch MS, Kraft Z, Schwartz T. 2021 in review: FDA approvals of new medicines. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2057-2064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ren W, Luo Z, Pan F, Liu J, Sun Q, Luo G, Wang R, Zhao H, Bian B, Xiao X, Pu Q, Yang S, Yu G. Integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches to reveal the synergistic mechanism of multiple components in Venenum Bufonis for ameliorating heart failure. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10107. [PMID: 33194384 PMCID: PMC7605218 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Venenum Bufonis (VB), also called Chan Su in China, has been extensively used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating heart failure (HF) since ancient time. However, the active components and the potential anti-HF mechanism of VB remain unclear. In the current study, the major absorbed components and metabolites of VB after oral administration in rats were first collected from literatures. A total of 17 prototypes and 25 metabolites were gathered. Next, a feasible network-based pharmacological approach was developed and employed to explore the therapeutic mechanism of VB on HF based on the collected constituents. In total, 158 main targets were screened out and considered as effective players in ameliorating HF. Then, the VB components-main HF putative targets-main pathways network was established, clarifying the underlying biological process of VB on HF. More importantly, the main hubs were found to be highly enriched in adrenergic signalling in cardio-myocytes. After verified by molecular docking studies, four key targets (ATP1A1, GNAS, MAPK1 and PRKCA) and three potential active leading compounds (bufotalin, cinobufaginol and 19-oxo-bufalin) were identified, which may play critical roles in cardiac muscle contraction. This study demonstrated that the integrated strategy based on network pharmacology and molecular docking was helpful to uncover the synergistic mechanism of multiple constituents in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fulu Pan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gang Luo
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Raoqiong Wang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingrong Pu
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sijin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Luo Z, Yu G, Chen X, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Wang G, Shi Y. Integrated phytochemical analysis based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap and network pharmacology approaches to explore the potential mechanism of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. for ameliorating Alzheimer's disease. Food Funct 2020; 11:1362-1372. [PMID: 31967149 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02840d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Based on compelling experimental and clinical evidence, the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. (LRM), a unique traditional Tibetan medicine, exerts beneficial effects on ameliorating learning and memory deficits of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. However, the potential active constituents and biological mechanism of LRM are still unknown. In this study, the major chemical constituents of LRM were first analyzed by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap). A total of 35 constituents were confirmed or tentatively identified. Furthermore, the network-based pharmacological strategy was applied to clarify the molecular mechanism of LRM on AD based on the identified components. Totally, 143 major targets were screened and supposed to be effective players in alleviating AD. Then, the LRM chemicals-major LRM putative targets-major pathways network was constructed, implying potential biological function of LRM on AD. More importantly, 12 core genes which can be modulated by LRM were identified, and they may play a pivotal role in alleviating some major symptoms of AD. This study provided a scientific basis for further investigation and application of LRM, which demonstrated that the network pharmacology approach could be a powerful way for the mechanistic studies of folk medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China. and School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Guohua Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Xinjing Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Yating Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Guopeng Wang
- Zhongcai Health (Beijing) Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 101500, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Kinch MS, Kraft Z, Schwartz T. 2019 in review: FDA approvals of new medicines. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:S1359-6446(20)30341-X. [PMID: 32927064 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) green-lighted the marketing of 53 therapeutic agents in 2019. This rate of approvals was consistent with the 5-year running average. Nonetheless, a few changes are worth noting. The rate of medicines first approved using an orphan drug designation declined from 56% in 2018 to 41% in 2019, which mirrored a comparable decline in the use of priority review. A second notable feature was an uptick in industry consolidation. Twenty-five companies were lost, primarily because of mergers, leaving only 146 extant companies that have contributed to the research or development of an innovative FDA-approved medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kinch
- Center for Research Innovation and Biotechnology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| | - Zachary Kraft
- Center for Research Innovation and Biotechnology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Tyler Schwartz
- Center for Research Innovation and Biotechnology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
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Baltatu OC, Senar S, Campos LA, Cipolla-Neto J. Cardioprotective Melatonin: Translating from Proof-of-Concept Studies to Therapeutic Use. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184342. [PMID: 31491852 PMCID: PMC6770816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we summarized the actual clinical data for a cardioprotective therapeutic role of melatonin, listed melatonin and its agonists in different stages of development, and evaluated the melatonin cardiovascular target tractability and prediction using machine learning on ChEMBL. To date, most clinical trials investigating a cardioprotective therapeutic role of melatonin are in phase 2a. Selective melatonin receptor agonists Tasimelteon, Ramelteon, and combined melatonergic-serotonin Agomelatine, and other agonists with registered structures in CHEMBL were not yet investigated as cardioprotective or cardiovascular drugs. As drug-able for these therapeutic targets, melatonin receptor agonists have the benefit over melatonin of well-characterized pharmacologic profiles and extensive safety data. Recent reports of the X-ray crystal structures of MT1 and MT2 receptors shall lead to the development of highly selective melatonin receptor agonists. Predictive models using machine learning could help to identify cardiovascular targets for melatonin. Selecting ChEMBL scores > 4.5 in cardiovascular assays, and melatonin scores > 4, we obtained 284 records from 162 cardiovascular assays carried out with 80 molecules with predicted or measured melatonin activity. Melatonin activities (agonistic or antagonistic) found in these experimental cardiovascular assays and models include arrhythmias, coronary and large vessel contractility, and hypertension. Preclinical proof-of-concept and early clinical studies (phase 2a) suggest a cardioprotective benefit from melatonin in various heart diseases. However, larger phase 3 randomized interventional studies are necessary to establish melatonin and its agonists’ actions as cardioprotective therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), School of Health Sciences at Anhembi Morumbi University, Laureate International Universities, Sao Jose dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil.
| | | | - Luciana Aparecida Campos
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), School of Health Sciences at Anhembi Morumbi University, Laureate International Universities, Sao Jose dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil.
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil.
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