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Sapkota RP, Lozinski T, Wilhems A, Nugent M, Schaub MP, Keough MT, Sundström C, Hadjistavropoulos HD. Internet-delivered therapy for alcohol misuse: engagement, satisfaction, and outcomes when patients select their preference for therapist- or self-guided treatment. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2024; 19:30. [PMID: 38643242 PMCID: PMC11032586 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-024-00456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol misuse is common and causes substantial harm. Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is effective in reducing alcohol misuse; however, the literature investigating how treatment outcomes are impacted by patients' preferences for therapist- versus self-guided ICBT for alcohol misuse is sparse. METHODS In this preference trial, 74 eligible patients (who reported ≥ 14 drinks in the previous week and obtained scores suggesting hazardous or harmful drinking) chose between enrolling in either therapist- or self-guided ICBT for alcohol misuse. We investigated whether those who chose therapist- versus self-guided ICBT differed in their (a) drinking outcomes-as measured by Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) and heavy drinking days (HDD) at post-treatment and 3-month follow-up-and (b) post-treatment ICBT engagement and satisfaction. RESULTS The majority (81.1%) of eligible patients chose therapist-guided ICBT. These patients reported higher psychotropic medication use, drinking difficulties, and anxiety symptoms. For both the therapist- and self-guided patients, a modified intention-to-treat analysis revealed large within-group treatment effects for TLFB (β = - 2.64, SE 0.66; p < 0.001) and HDD (β = - 0.34, SE 0.07; p < 0.001), with large pre-to-post-treatment Cohen's effect sizes of d = 0.97 (95% CI [0.49, 1.45]) for TLFB and d = 1.19 (95% CI [0.69, 1.68]) for HDD. The interaction comparing the effects of therapist- to self-guided ICBT over time was not significant for TLFB (p = 0.34) or HDD (p = 0.06). With treatment, for both therapist- and self-guided patients, there was a significant improvement in drinking difficulties, cravings, and confidence with controlling cravings, as well as in anxiety, depression, and functional impairment. Further, the majority (75.7%) of patients completed five or more lessons, as well as reported overall satisfaction with the treatment (88.9%) and increased confidence in managing their symptoms (86.7%); these outcomes also did not differ between therapist- and self-guided patients. CONCLUSIONS The current study shows that ICBT for alcohol misuse is associated with reduced drinking and comorbid mental health difficulties over time, irrespective of whether patients chose to complete the course on their own or with therapist guidance. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04611854 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04611854 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram P Sapkota
- Online Therapy Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Tristen Lozinski
- Online Therapy Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Andrew Wilhems
- Online Therapy Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Marcie Nugent
- Online Therapy Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Michael P Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew T Keough
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Christopher Sundström
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heather D Hadjistavropoulos
- Online Therapy Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada.
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Leung J, Chiu V, Man N, Yuen WS, Dobbins T, Dunlop A, Gisev N, Hall W, Larney S, Pearson S, Degenhardt L, Peacock A. All-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with an alcohol-related emergency or hospital inpatient presentation: A retrospective data linkage cohort study. Addiction 2023; 118:1751-1762. [PMID: 37132062 PMCID: PMC10952273 DOI: 10.1111/add.16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol consumption is a leading risk factor for premature mortality globally, but there are limited studies of broader cohorts of people presenting with alcohol-related problems outside of alcohol treatment services. We used linked health administrative data to estimate all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals who had an alcohol-related hospital inpatient or emergency department presentation. DESIGN Observational study using data from the Data linkage Alcohol Cohort Study (DACS), a state-wide retrospective cohort of individuals with an alcohol-related hospital inpatient or emergency department presentation. SETTING Hospital inpatient or emergency department presentation in New South Wales, Australia, between 2005 and 2014. PARTICIPANTS Participants comprised 188 770 individuals aged 12 and above, 66% males, median age 39 years at index presentation. MEASUREMENTS All-cause mortality was estimated up to 2015 and cause-specific mortality (by those attributable to alcohol and by specific cause of death groups) up to 2013 due to data availability. Age-specific and age-sex-specific crude mortality rates (CMRs) were estimated, and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated using sex and age-specific deaths rates from the NSW population. FINDINGS There were 188 770 individuals in the cohort (1 079 249 person-years of observation); 27 855 deaths were recorded (14.8% of the cohort), with a CMR of 25.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 25.5, 26.1] per 1000 person-years and SMR of 6.2 (95% CI = 5.4, 7.2). Mortality in the cohort was consistently higher than the general population in all adult age groups and in both sexes. The greatest excess mortality was from mental and behavioural disorders due to alcohol use (SMR = 46.7, 95% CI = 41.4, 52.7), liver cirrhosis (SMR = 39.0, 95% CI = 35.5, 42.9), viral hepatitis (SMR = 29.4, 95% CI = 24.6, 35.2), pancreatic diseases (SMR = 23.8, 95% CI = 17.9, 31.5) and liver cancer (SMR = 18.3, 95% CI = 14.8, 22.5). There were distinct differences between the sexes in causes of excess mortality (all causes fully attributable to alcohol female versus male risk ratio = 2.5 (95% CI = 2.0, 3.1). CONCLUSIONS In New South Wales, Australia, people who came in contact with an emergency department or hospital for an alcohol-related presentation between 2005 and 2014 were at higher risk of mortality than the general New South Wales population during the same period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janni Leung
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Vivian Chiu
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Nicola Man
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Wing See Yuen
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Adrian Dunlop
- Hunter New England Health, New South Wales GovernmentNewcastleNSWAustralia
| | - Natasa Gisev
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Wayne Hall
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Sarah Larney
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency MedicineUniversity of MontréalMontréalQCCanada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Sallie‐Anne Pearson
- Medicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in HealthUNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Amy Peacock
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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Wallhed Finn S, Mejldal A, Nielsen AS. The impact of an annual mass media campaign on treatment seeking for alcohol use disorders in the Danish population: An interrupted time-series analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 248:109910. [PMID: 37224672 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A minority of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) seek treatment. In Denmark, a mass media campaign, "RESPEKT", aiming to increase treatment seeking, has been broadcasted nationwide since 2015. The campaign is unique from an international perspective. Similar interventions have, up until now, not been scientifically evaluated. AIM To investigate whether there was an association between campaign periods and treatment seeking for AUD. A secondary aim was to investigate possible gender differences. The hypotheses were that treatment seeking would increase during the campaign periods, and that men would increase their treatment seeking more compared to women. METHOD Study design: Interrupted time-series analysis. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 18 years and above in the Danish population seeking AUD treatment. EXPOSURE Campaign periods year 2015-2018. OUTCOME Changes in treatment seeking defined as treatment entry respectively filled prescription of AUD pharmacotherapy. DATA National Alcohol Treatment Register on treatment entries for specialist addiction care and National Prescription Registry for filled prescriptions on AUD pharmacotherapies 2013-2018. ANALYSIS Segmented negative binomial regression, including the full cohort and stratified by sex. RESULTS The results show no association between campaign periods and treatment seeking. Nor were there any gender differences in treatment seeking. The hypotheses were not confirmed. CONCLUSION The campaign periods showed no association with treatment seeking. Eventual future campaigns should possibly focus on earlier steps of the treatment seeking process, as problem recognition, to increase treatment seeking. There is a great need to develop other ways to narrow the treatment gap for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Wallhed Finn
- Unit of Clinical Alcohol Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 20, entrance. 220 B, Odense5000, Denmark; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Anna Mejldal
- Unit of Clinical Alcohol Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 20, entrance. 220 B, Odense5000, Denmark; Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anette Søgaard Nielsen
- Unit of Clinical Alcohol Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 20, entrance. 220 B, Odense5000, Denmark
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Kessler RC, Kazdin AE, Aguilar‐Gaxiola S, Al‐Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Altwaijri YA, Andrade LH, Benjet C, Bharat C, Borges G, Bruffaerts R, Bunting B, de Almeida JMC, Cardoso G, Chiu WT, Cía A, Ciutan M, Degenhardt L, de Girolamo G, de Jonge P, de Vries Y, Florescu S, Gureje O, Haro JM, Harris MG, Hu C, Karam AN, Karam EG, Karam G, Kawakami N, Kiejna A, Kovess‐Masfety V, Lee S, Makanjuola V, McGrath J, Medina‐Mora ME, Moskalewicz J, Navarro‐Mateu F, Nierenberg AA, Nishi D, Ojagbemi A, Oladeji BD, O'Neill S, Posada‐Villa J, Puac‐Polanco V, Rapsey C, Ruscio AM, Sampson NA, Scott KM, Slade T, Stagnaro JC, Stein DJ, Tachimori H, ten Have M, Torres Y, Viana MC, Vigo DV, Williams DR, Wojtyniak B, Xavier M, Zarkov Z, Ziobrowski HN. Patterns and correlates of patient-reported helpfulness of treatment for common mental and substance use disorders in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. World Psychiatry 2022; 21:272-286. [PMID: 35524618 PMCID: PMC9077614 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-reported helpfulness of treatment is an important indicator of quality in patient-centered care. We examined its pathways and predictors among respondents to household surveys who reported ever receiving treatment for major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, or alcohol use disorder. Data came from 30 community epidemiological surveys - 17 in high-income countries (HICs) and 13 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) - carried out as part of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. Respondents were asked whether treatment of each disorder was ever helpful and, if so, the number of professionals seen before receiving helpful treatment. Across all surveys and diagnostic categories, 26.1% of patients (N=10,035) reported being helped by the very first professional they saw. Persisting to a second professional after a first unhelpful treatment brought the cumulative probability of receiving helpful treatment to 51.2%. If patients persisted with up through eight professionals, the cumulative probability rose to 90.6%. However, only an estimated 22.8% of patients would have persisted in seeing these many professionals after repeatedly receiving treatments they considered not helpful. Although the proportion of individuals with disorders who sought treatment was higher and they were more persistent in HICs than LMICs, proportional helpfulness among treated cases was no different between HICs and LMICs. A wide range of predictors of perceived treatment helpfulness were found, some of them consistent across diagnostic categories and others unique to specific disorders. These results provide novel information about patient evaluations of treatment across diagnoses and countries varying in income level, and suggest that a critical issue in improving the quality of care for mental disorders should be fostering persistence in professional help-seeking if earlier treatments are not helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ali Al‐Hamzawi
- College of MedicineAl‐Qadisiya University, Diwaniya GovernorateIraq
| | - Jordi Alonso
- Health Services Research UnitIMIM‐Hospital del Mar Medical Research InstituteBarcelonaSpain
| | - Yasmin A. Altwaijri
- Epidemiology SectionKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Laura H. Andrade
- Núcleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiátrica ‐ LIM 23Instituto de Psiquiatria Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Corina Benjet
- Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial ResearchNational Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico CityMexico
| | - Chrianna Bharat
- National Drug and Alcohol Research CentreUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Guilherme Borges
- Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial ResearchNational Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico CityMexico
| | - Ronny Bruffaerts
- Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum ‐ Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - José Miguel Caldas de Almeida
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA University of LisbonLisbonPortugal
| | - Graça Cardoso
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA University of LisbonLisbonPortugal
| | - Wai Tat Chiu
- Department of Health Care PolicyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Alfredo Cía
- Anxiety Disorders Research CenterBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Marius Ciutan
- National School of Public HealthManagement and Professional DevelopmentBucharestRomania
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research CentreUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Peter de Jonge
- Department of Developmental PsychologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ymkje Anna de Vries
- Department of Developmental PsychologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Silvia Florescu
- National School of Public HealthManagement and Professional DevelopmentBucharestRomania
| | - Oye Gureje
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAMUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Meredith G. Harris
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Queensland, Herston, and Queensland Centre for Mental Health ResearchWacolQLDAustralia
| | - Chiyi Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health and Shenzhen Kangning HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Aimee N. Karam
- Institute for Development, ResearchAdvocacy and Applied CareBeirutLebanon
| | - Elie G. Karam
- Institute for Development, ResearchAdvocacy and Applied CareBeirutLebanon,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical PsychologySt. George Hospital University Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | - Georges Karam
- Institute for Development, ResearchAdvocacy and Applied CareBeirutLebanon,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical PsychologySt. George Hospital University Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Andrzej Kiejna
- Psychology Research Unit for Public HealthWSB UniversityTorunPoland
| | - Viviane Kovess‐Masfety
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé EA 4057Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Sing Lee
- Department of PsychiatryChinese University of Hong KongTai PoHong Kong
| | | | - John J. McGrath
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Queensland, Herston, and Queensland Centre for Mental Health ResearchWacolQLDAustralia,National Centre for Register‐based ResearchAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Maria Elena Medina‐Mora
- Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial ResearchNational Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico CityMexico
| | | | - Fernando Navarro‐Mateu
- Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud MentalUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Andrew A. Nierenberg
- Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation, Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Daisuke Nishi
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Akin Ojagbemi
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
| | | | | | - José Posada‐Villa
- Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca UniversityFaculty of Social SciencesBogotaColombia
| | | | - Charlene Rapsey
- Department of Psychological MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | | | - Nancy A. Sampson
- Department of Health Care PolicyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Kate M. Scott
- Department of Psychological MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Tim Slade
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Juan Carlos Stagnaro
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud MentalUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health and South African Medical Council Research Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental DisordersUniversity of Cape Town and Groote Schuur HospitalCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center for Neurology and PsychiatryKodairaTokyoJapan
| | - Margreet ten Have
- Trimbos‐InstituutNetherlands Institute of Mental Health and AddictionUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Yolanda Torres
- Center for Excellence on Research in Mental HealthCES UniversityMedellinColombia
| | - Maria Carmen Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Public HealthFederal University of Espírito SantoVitoriaBrazil
| | - Daniel V. Vigo
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada,Department of Global Health and Social MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - David R. Williams
- Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Bogdan Wojtyniak
- Centre of Monitoring and Analyses of Population HealthNational Institute of Public Health ‐ National Research InstituteWarsawPoland
| | - Miguel Xavier
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA University of LisbonLisbonPortugal
| | - Zahari Zarkov
- Department of Mental HealthNational Center of Public Health and AnalysesSofiaBulgaria
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