1
|
Zou Y, Xu L, Wang W, Zhu X, Lin J, Li H, Chen J, Xu W, Gao H, Wu X, Yin Z, Wang Q. Muscone restores anoikis sensitivity in TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells by suppressing TOP2A via the EGFR/Integrin β1/FAK signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155714. [PMID: 38723526 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is the main obstacle faced by glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. Muscone, one of the primary active pharmacological ingredients of Shexiang (Moschus), can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and is being investigated as an antineoplastic medication. However, muscone treatment for GBM has received little research, and its possible mechanisms are still unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the effect and the potential molecular mechanism of muscone on TMZ-resistant GBM cells. METHODS The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TMZ-resistant GBM cells and TMZ-sensitive GBM cells were screened using GEO2R. By progressively raising the TMZ concentration, a relatively stable TMZ-resistant human GBM cell line was established. The drug-resistance traits of U251-TR cells were assessed via the CCK-8 assay and Western Blot analysis of MGMT and TOP2A expression. Cell viability, cell proliferation, cell migration ability, and drug synergism were detected by the CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and drug interaction relationship test, respectively. Anoikis was quantified by Calcein-AM/EthD-1 staining, MTT assay, and flow cytometry. Measurements of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were performed using cell cycle staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI labeling, JC-1 assay, and ROS assay, respectively. DNA damage was measured by TUNEL assay, alkaline comet assay, and γ-H2AX foci assay. GEPIA was used to investigate the link between the anoikis marker (FAK)/drug resistance gene and critical proteins in the EGFR/Integrin β1 signaling pathway. Molecular docking was used to anticipate the probable targets of muscone. The intracellular co-localization and expression of EGFR and FAK were shown using immunofluorescence. The U251-TR cell line stably overexpressing EGFR was constructed using lentiviral transduction to assess the involvement of EGFR-related signaling in anoikis resistance. Western Blot was employed to detect the expression of migration-related proteins, cyclins, anoikis-related proteins, DNA damage/repair-related proteins, and associated pathway proteins. RESULTS DEGs analysis identified 97 deregulated chemotherapy-resistant genes and 3779 upregulated genes in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Subsequent experiments verified TMZ resistance and the hyper-expression of DNA repair-related genes (TOP2A and MGMT) in continuously low-dose TMZ-induced U251-TR cells. Muscone exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of U251-TR cell migration and proliferation, and its co-administration with TMZ showed the potential for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. By downregulating FAK, muscone reduced anoikis resistance in anchorage-independent U251-TR cells. It also caused cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase by upregulating p21 and downregulating CDK1, CDK2, and Cyclin E1. Muscone-induced anoikis was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, ROS production, an increase in the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as elevated levels of Cytochrome c (Cyt c), cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3. These findings indicated that muscone might trigger mitochondrial-dependent anoikis via ROS generation. Moreover, significant DNA damage, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), the formation of γ-H2AX foci, and a reduction in TOP2A expression are also associated with muscone-induced anoikis. Overexpression of EGFR in U251-TR cells boosted the expression of Integrin β1, FAK, β-Catenin, and TOP2A, whereas muscone suppressed the expression levels of EGFR, Integrin β1, β-Catenin, FAK, and TOP2A. Muscone may influence the expression of the key DNA repair enzyme, TOP2A, by suppressing the EGFR/Integrin β1/FAK pathway. CONCLUSION We first demonstrated that muscone suppressed TOP2A expression through the EGFR/Integrin β1/FAK pathway, hence restoring anoikis sensitivity in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. These data suggest that muscone may be a promising co-therapeutic agent for enhancing GBM treatment, particularly in cases of TMZ-resistant GBM with elevated TOP2A expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Zou
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China; Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Lanyang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wanyu Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Huazhao Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Haiqiong Gao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xianghui Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhixin Yin
- Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Qirui Wang
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China; Department of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Cheng S, Fleishman JS, Chen J, Tang H, Chen ZS, Chen W, Ding M. Targeting anoikis resistance as a strategy for cancer therapy. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 75:101099. [PMID: 38850692 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Anoikis, known as matrix detachment-induced apoptosis or detachment-induced cell death, is crucial for tissue development and homeostasis. Cancer cells develop means to evade anoikis, e.g. anoikis resistance, thereby allowing for cells to survive under anchorage-independent conditions. Uncovering the mechanisms of anoikis resistance will provide details about cancer metastasis, and potential strategies against cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Here, we summarize the principal elements and core molecular mechanisms of anoikis and anoikis resistance. We discuss the latest progress of how anoikis and anoikis resistance are regulated in cancers. Furthermore, we summarize emerging data on selective compounds and nanomedicines, explaining how inhibiting anoikis resistance can serve as a meaningful treatment modality against cancers. Finally, we discuss the key limitations of this therapeutic paradigm and possible strategies to overcome them. In this review, we suggest that pharmacological modulation of anoikis and anoikis resistance by bioactive compounds could surmount anoikis resistance, highlighting a promising therapeutic regimen that could be used to overcome anoikis resistance in cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sihang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Wenkuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingchao Ding
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Intervention, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun Y, Ma H. Application of three-dimensional cell culture technology in screening anticancer drugs. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:1073-1092. [PMID: 37421554 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The drug development process involves a variety of drug activity evaluations, which can determine drug efficacy, strictly analyze the biological indicators after the drug action, and use these indicators as the preclinical drug evaluation criteria. At present, most of the screening of preclinical anticancer drugs mainly relies on traditional 2D cell culture. However, this traditional technology cannot simulate the tumor microenvironment in vivo, let alone reflect the characteristics of solid tumors in vivo, and has a relatively poor ability to predict drug activity. 3D cell culture is a technology between 2D cell culture and animal experiments, which can better reflect the biological state in vivo and reduce the consumption of animal experiments. 3D cell culture can link the individual study of cells with the study of the whole organism, reproduce in vitro the biological phenotype of cells in vivo more greatly, and thus predict the activity and resistance of anti-tumor drugs more accurately. In this paper, the common techniques of 3D cell culture are discussed, with emphasis on its main advantages and application in the evaluation of anti-tumor resistance, which can provide strategies for the screening of anti-tumor drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Sun
- Oncology laboratory, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Haiyang Ma
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Z, Lei P, Li Z, Han X, Yang F, Su T, Meng C, Hou Z, Liu H. Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analyses Reveal the Oncogenic Role of PTK7-NDRG1 Axis in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Cell Resistance to AZD9291. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:2849-2862. [PMID: 36205702 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the most important chemotherapeutics for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. The resistance to EGFR-TKIs is one of the biggest obstacles to NSCLC outcome. In this study, taking advantage of phospho- and proximal proteomic techniques, we analyzed the network rearrangement in cell lines responding to AZD9291 treatment and found that cell-cell adhesion was dramatically enhanced in AZD9291-resistant cells. Further analysis revealed that protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) expression was significantly elevated. Knockdown or overexpression assays showed that PTK7 played a critical role in improving cell adhesion, which enhanced drug resistance. Because PTK7 is a membrane-localized pseudokinase, the proximal labeling probe BirA* was fused to reveal PTK7-interacting proteins. We found that PTK7 interacted with and stabilized NDRG1, which is located predominantly adjacent to adherens junctions. Downregulation of PTK7 or NDRG1 eliminated the resistance of H1975-resistant (H1975-R) and PC9-resistant (PC9-R) cells to AZD9291, suggesting that the PTK7-NDRG1 axis might be a potential target to eliminate the EGFR-TKI resistance during NSCLC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Panpan Lei
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziyang Li
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Su
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caiting Meng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhanwu Hou
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huadong Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine & Douglas C. Wallace Institute for Mitochondrial and Epigenetic Information Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.,University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao X, Lu S, Feng C, Suo R, Li H, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Lu J, Wu B, Guo J. Tumor oxygenation nanoliposome synergistic hypoxia-inducible-factor-1 inhibitor enhanced Iodine-125 seed brachytherapy for esophageal cancer. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121801. [PMID: 36137416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Iodine-125 (125I) brachytherapy has become one of the most effective palliative treatment options for advanced esophageal cancer. However, resistance toward 125I brachytherapy caused by pre-existing tumor hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway activation represents a significant limitation in esophageal cancer treatment. To circumvent these problems, herein, we proposed an innovative strategy to alleviate radioresistance of brachytherapy by co-encapsulating catalase (CAT) and HIF-1 inhibitor-acriflavine (ACF) into the hydrophilic cavities of liposome, termed as "ACF-CAT@Lipo". Under overexpressed H2O2 stimulation in the tumor region, the fabricated ACF-CAT@Lipo can generate an amount of O2 and alleviate tumor hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, cooperating with ACF, the expression of hypoxia-related protein (e.g. HIF-1α, VEGF, MMP-2) are obviously decreased. Importantly, the copious oxygenation and the significant inhibition expression of HIF-1α can further improve the radiosensitivity of 125I brachytherapy and finally realize the eradication of esophageal cancer in vivo. The oxygen enrichment and HIF-1 inhibition function of ACF-CAT@Lipo provides a new strategy to overcome the brachytherapy resistance of esophageal cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Yao
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Shuting Lu
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Cheng Feng
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ruiyang Suo
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Hang Li
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jian Lu
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Jinhe Guo
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shahrear S, Zinnia MA, Ahmed T, Islam ABMMK. Deciphering the role of predicted miRNAs of polyomaviruses in carcinogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166537. [PMID: 36089125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human polyomaviruses are relatively common in the general population. Polyomaviruses maintain a persistent infection after initial infection in childhood, acting as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised populations and their association has been linked to carcinogenesis. A comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in consequence of polyomavirus infection remains elusive. However, the critical role of viral miRNAs and their potential targets in modifying the transcriptome profile of the host remains largely unknown. Polyomavirus-derived miRNAs have the potential to play a substantial role in carcinogenesis. Employing computational approaches, putative viral miRNAs along with their target genes have been predicted and possible roles of the targeted genes in many significant biological processes have been obtained. Polyomaviruses have been observed to target intracellular signal transduction pathways through miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation, which may contribute to cancer development. In addition, BKPyV-infected human renal cell microarray data was coupled with predicted target genes and analysis of the downregulated genes indicated that viruses target multiple signaling pathways (e.g. MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway) in the host as well as turning off several tumor suppression genes (e.g. FGGY, EPHX2, CACNA2D3, CDH16) through miRNA-induced mechanisms, assuring cell transformation. This study provides a conceptual framework for the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the course of carcinogenesis upon polyomavirus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sazzad Shahrear
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Tasnim Ahmed
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun M, Xie J, Zhang D, Chen C, Lin S, Chen Y, Zhang G. B7-H3 inhibits apoptosis of gastric cancer cell by interacting with Fibronectin. J Cancer 2022; 12:7518-7526. [PMID: 35003371 PMCID: PMC8734419 DOI: 10.7150/jca.59263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-apoptosis has been widely accepted as a hallmark of malignancy. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein, plays a key role in anti-apoptosis and immune escape, but its regulation during cancer development remains unclear. To investigate how the effect of anti-apoptosis is regulated by B7-H3 in gastric cancer, we stably knocked down B7-H3 gene by shRNA in MGC-803 and MKN-45 cells. The correlation between B7-H3 and Fibronectin (FN) expression were investigated by bioinformatics in public data from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas). Here, we reported that B7-H3 expression is positively correlated with FN in clinical gastric cancer samples, and B7-H3 promoted adhesion and inhibited apoptosis of gastric cancer cell through an FN-dependent pathway. Mechanistically, B7-H3 interacted with FN and subsequently activated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, a critical mediator of oncogenic signaling. In addition, exogenous FN could inhibit the expression of pro-apoptosis-related proteins such as Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, Bax , p53, Apaf-1 and Cleaved PARP, and upregulated the levels of signal molecule p-PI3K, p-AKT and anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 in B7-H3high group, as compared with those in B7-H3low group. In conclusion, we here for the first time revealed that B7-H3 inhibits apoptosis of gastric cancer cell through regulation of FN-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiyun Sun
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| | - Jinjing Xie
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| | - Dongze Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| | - Chunyang Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| | - Simin Lin
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Ren min Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yao X, Li W, Fang D, Xiao C, Wu X, Li M, Luo Z. Emerging Roles of Energy Metabolism in Ferroptosis Regulation of Tumor Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100997. [PMID: 34632727 PMCID: PMC8596140 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death, which is characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lethal lipid peroxides and involved in many critical diseases. Recent reports revealed that cellular energy metabolism activities such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and tricarboxylic acid cycle are involved in the regulation of key ferroptosis markers such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), therefore imposing potential regulatory roles in ferroptosis. Remarkably, tumor cells can activate adaptive metabolic responses to inhibit ferroptosis for self-preservation such as the upregulation of glycolysis and PPP. Due to the rapid proliferation of tumor cells and the intensified metabolic rate, tumor energy metabolism has become a target for disrupting the redox homeostasis and induce ferroptosis. Based on these emerging insights, regulatory impact of those-tumor specific metabolic aberrations is systematically characterized, such as rewired glucose metabolism and metabolic compensation through glutamine utilization on ferroptosis and analyzed the underlying molecular mechanisms. Additionally, those ferroptosis-based therapeutic strategies are also discussed by exploiting those metabolic vulnerabilities, which may open up new avenues for tumor treatment in a clinical context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Yao
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Wei Li
- Breast Cancer CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized TreatmentChongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing400044P. R. China
| | - De Fang
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Chuyu Xiao
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Xiao Wu
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Balaji S, Terrero D, Tiwari AK, Ashby CR, Raman D. Alternative approaches to overcome chemoresistance to apoptosis in cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 126:91-122. [PMID: 34090621 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) that is essential for organogenesis and homeostatic maintenance of normal cell populations. Apoptotic stimuli activate the intrinsic and/or extrinsic pathways to induce cell death due to perturbations in the intracellular and extracellular microenvironments, respectively. In patients with cancer, the induction of apoptosis by anticancer drugs and radiation can produce cancer cell death. However, tumor cells can adapt and become refractory to apoptosis-inducing therapies, resulting in the development of clinical resistance to apoptosis. Drug resistance facilitates the development of aggressive primary tumors that eventually metastasize, leading to therapy failure and mortality. To overcome the resistance to apoptosis to neoadjuvant chemotherapy or targeted therapy, alternative targets of RCD can be induced in apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. Alternatively, cell death can be independent of apoptosis and this strategy could be utilized to develop novel anti-cancer therapies. This chapter discusses approaches that could be employed to overcome clinical resistance to apoptosis in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swapnaa Balaji
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - David Terrero
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, St. John's University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Courageot MP, Duca L, Martiny L, Devarenne-Charpentier E, Morjani H, El Btaouri H. Thrombospondin-1 Receptor CD47 Overexpression Contributes to P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Multidrug Resistance Against Doxorubicin in Thyroid Carcinoma FTC-133 Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:551228. [PMID: 33365267 PMCID: PMC7750475 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.551228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now admitted that in addition to acquired resistance, the tumor microenvironment contributes to the development of chemo-resistance and malignant progression. In a previous study, we showed that Dox induced apoptosis in FTC-133 cells by trigging JNK pathway. This process was accompanied by a decrease of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) expression. Moreover, exogenous TSP-1 or its C-terminal-derived peptide interact with receptor CD47 and are able to protect FTC-133 cells against Dox-induced apoptosis. Here, we investigated the involvement of TSP-1/CD47 interaction in a context of acquired multidrug resistance in FTC-133 cells. To that end, we established a Dox-resistant cell line (FTC-133R cells) which developed a resistance against Dox-induced apoptosis. Cell viability was evaluated by Uptiblue assay, nuclear Dox was measured by microspectrofluorimetry, caspase activity was measured by fluorescence of cleaved caspase-3 substrate, gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR and protein expression was examined by western-blot. Our results showed that FTC-133R overexpressed the P-gp and were 15-fold resistant to Dox. JNK phosphorylation and Dox-induced apoptosis were reduced in FTC-133R cells. Expression of CD47 was increased in FTC-133R cells but TSP-1 expression presented similar levels in two cell lines. VPL restored Dox nuclear uptake and FTC-133R cell sensitivity to apoptosis and induced a decrease in CD47 mRNA expression. Moreover, knockdown of CD47 in FTC-133R cells induced an increase in JNK activation and sensitized FTC-133R cells to Dox. Our data suggest that CD47 is able to contribute to the protection of FTC-133R cells against Dox-induced apoptosis and/or to potentiate the acquired Dox resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Courageot
- Laboratoire de Biospectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT), UFR Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR-CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Martiny
- UMR-CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, Reims, France
| | - Emmanuelle Devarenne-Charpentier
- UMR-CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, Reims, France
| | - Hamid Morjani
- Laboratoire de Biospectroscopie Translationnelle (BioSpecT), UFR Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Hassan El Btaouri
- UMR-CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hydroxychavicol sensitizes imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by ROS-mediated IAP downregulation. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:167-178. [PMID: 30418193 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of cytokine superfamily, induces apoptosis in a number of tumor cells through the activation of extrinsic apoptotic pathway but shows little or no cytotoxicity toward normal cells. However some tumor cells are inherently resistant to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, which needs to be addressed to establish TRAIL as a potential chemotherapeutic drug. In this study, our aim was to manipulate TRAIL-apoptosis pathway by hydroxychavicol (HCH), a polyphenol from Piper betel leaf, for the induction of apoptosis in TRAIL resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cell. When imatinib-resistant K562 cells were treated with HCH, it made these K562 cells sensitive to TRAIL. It was observed that HCH downregulated antiapoptotic proteins XIAP and FLIP, whereas the expression of TRAIL receptors, DR4 and DR5, remains unchanged. Moreover, we observed that reactive oxygen species or ROS played a crucial role in the downregulation of FLIP and XIAP because ROS scavenger significantly reversed the decrease of XIAP, and FLIP. Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway was observed to play a crucial role in the downregulation of XIAP and FLIP, as proteasomal inhibitor MG132 significantly reversed the downregulation of XIAP and FLIP. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the combinatorial treatment of TRAIL and HCH as promising alternative therapeutic approach to treat the imatinib-resistant leukemia, which are also resistant to TRAIL.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gan QX, Wang J, Hu J, Lou GH, Xiong HJ, Peng CY, Huang QW. Modulation of Apoptosis by Plant Polysaccharides for Exerting Anti-Cancer Effects: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:792. [PMID: 32536869 PMCID: PMC7267062 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a significant public health problem with high disease burden and mortality. At present, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main means of treating cancer, but they have shown serious safety problems. The severity of this problem has caused further attention and research on effective and safe cancer treatment methods. Polysaccharides are natural products with anti-cancer activity that are widely present in a lot of plants, and many studies have found that inducing apoptosis of cancer cells is one of their important mechanisms. Therefore, this article reviews the various ways in which plant polysaccharides promote apoptosis of cancer cells. The major apoptotic pathways involved include the mitochondrial pathway, the death receptor pathway, and their upstream signal transduction such as MAPK pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, and NF-κB pathway. Moreover, the paper has also been focused on the absorption and toxicity of plant polysaccharides with reference to extant literature, making the research more scientific and comprehensive. It is hoped that this review could provide some directions for the future development of plant polysaccharides as anticancer drugs in pharmacological experiments and clinical researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xia Gan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan-Hua Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Jun Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim Y, Kang H, Powathil G, Kim H, Trucu D, Lee W, Lawler S, Chaplain M. Role of extracellular matrix and microenvironment in regulation of tumor growth and LAR-mediated invasion in glioblastoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204865. [PMID: 30286133 PMCID: PMC6171904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of primary brain cancer, depends critically on the migration patterns after surgery and intracellular responses of the individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical cues in the microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that miR-451 regulates downstream molecules including AMPK/CAB39/MARK and mTOR to determine the balance between rapid proliferation and invasion in response to metabolic stress in the harsh tumor microenvironment. Surgical removal of the main tumor is inevitably followed by recurrence of the tumor due to inaccessibility of dispersed tumor cells in normal brain tissue. In order to address this complex process of cell proliferation and invasion and its response to conventional treatment, we propose a mathematical model that analyzes the intracellular dynamics of the miR-451-AMPK- mTOR-cell cycle signaling pathway within a cell. The model identifies a key mechanism underlying the molecular switches between proliferative phase and migratory phase in response to metabolic stress in response to fluctuating glucose levels. We show how up- or down-regulation of components in these pathways affects the key cellular decision to infiltrate or proliferate in a complex microenvironment in the absence and presence of time delays and stochastic noise. Glycosylated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the brain, contribute to the physical structure of the local brain microenvironment but also induce or inhibit glioma invasion by regulating the dynamics of the CSPG receptor LAR as well as the spatiotemporal activation status of resident astrocytes and tumor-associated microglia. Using a multi-scale mathematical model, we investigate a CSPG-induced switch between invasive and non-invasive tumors through the coordination of ECM-cell adhesion and dynamic changes in stromal cells. We show that the CSPG-rich microenvironment is associated with non-invasive tumor lesions through LAR-CSGAG binding while the absence of glycosylated CSPGs induce the critical glioma invasion. We illustrate how high molecular weight CSPGs can regulate the exodus of local reactive astrocytes from the main tumor lesion, leading to encapsulation of non-invasive tumor and inhibition of tumor invasion. These different CSPG conditions also change the spatial profiles of ramified and activated microglia. The complex distribution of CSPGs in the tumor microenvironment can determine the nonlinear invasion behaviors of glioma cells, which suggests the need for careful therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hyunji Kang
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibin Powathil
- Department of Mathematics, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dumitru Trucu
- Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Wanho Lee
- National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sean Lawler
- Department of neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark Chaplain
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Mathematical Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mettang M, Meyer-Pannwitt V, Karpel-Massler G, Zhou S, Carragher NO, Föhr KJ, Baumann B, Nonnenmacher L, Enzenmüller S, Dahlhaus M, Siegelin MD, Stroh S, Mertens D, Fischer-Posovszky P, Schneider EM, Halatsch ME, Debatin KM, Westhoff MA. Blocking distinct interactions between Glioblastoma cells and their tissue microenvironment: A novel multi-targeted therapeutic approach. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5527. [PMID: 29615749 PMCID: PMC5882900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the highly invasive nature of Glioblastoma (GB), complete surgical resection is not feasible, while motile tumour cells are often associated with several specific brain structures that enhance treatment-resistance. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of Disulfiram and Carbenoxolone, that inhibit two distinct interactions between GB and the brain tissue microenvironment: stress-induced cell-matrix adhesion and gap junction mediated cell-cell communication, respectively. Increase in cell numbers of tumour-initiating cells, which are cultured in suspension as cell clusters, and adherent differentiated cells can be blocked to a similar extent by Carbenoxolone, as both cell populations form gap junctions, but the adherent differentiated cells are much more sensitive to Disulfiram treatment, which - via modulation of NF-κB signalling - interferes with cell-substrate adhesion. Interestingly, inducing adhesion in tumour-initiating cells without differentiating them does not sensitize for Disulfiram. Importantly, combining Disulfiram, Carbenoxolone and the standard chemotherapeutic drug Temozolomide reduces tumour size in an orthotopic mouse model. Isolating GB cells from their direct environment within the brain represents an important addition to current therapeutic approaches. The blockage of cellular interactions via the clinically relevant substances Disulfiram and Carbenoxolone, has distinct effects on different cell populations within a tumour, potentially reducing motility and/or resistance to apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Mettang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Viola Meyer-Pannwitt
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Mechanisms of Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Shaoxia Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Neil O Carragher
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Center UK, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Josef Föhr
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernd Baumann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa Nonnenmacher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefanie Enzenmüller
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Meike Dahlhaus
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sebastien Stroh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Mertens
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Mechanisms of Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - E Marion Schneider
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sarcoma Spheroids and Organoids-Promising Tools in the Era of Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020615. [PMID: 29466296 PMCID: PMC5855837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment is rapidly evolving toward personalized medicine, which takes into account the individual molecular and genetic variability of tumors. Sophisticated new in vitro disease models, such as three-dimensional cell cultures, may provide a tool for genetic, epigenetic, biomedical, and pharmacological research, and help determine the most promising individual treatment. Sarcomas, malignant neoplasms originating from mesenchymal cells, may have a multitude of genomic aberrations that give rise to more than 70 different histopathological subtypes. Their low incidence and high level of histopathological heterogeneity have greatly limited progress in their treatment, and trials of clinical sarcoma are less frequent than trials of other carcinomas. The main advantage of 3D cultures from tumor cells or biopsy is that they provide patient-specific models of solid tumors, and they overcome some limitations of traditional 2D monolayer cultures by reflecting cell heterogeneity, native histologic architectures, and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Recent advances promise that these models can help bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical research by providing a relevant in vitro model of human cancer useful for drug testing and studying metastatic and dormancy mechanisms. However, additional improvements of 3D models are expected in the future, specifically the inclusion of tumor vasculature and the immune system, to enhance their full ability to capture the biological features of native tumors in high-throughput screening. Here, we summarize recent advances and future perspectives of spheroid and organoid in vitro models of rare sarcomas that can be used to investigate individual molecular biology and predict clinical responses. We also highlight how spheroid and organoid culture models could facilitate the personalization of sarcoma treatment, provide specific clinical scenarios, and discuss the relative strengths and limitations of these models.
Collapse
|
16
|
Voissiere A, Jouberton E, Maubert E, Degoul F, Peyrode C, Chezal JM, Miot-Noirault É. Development and characterization of a human three-dimensional chondrosarcoma culture for in vitro drug testing. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181340. [PMID: 28704566 PMCID: PMC5509331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that chemoresistance of chondrosarcoma (CHS), the cartilage tumor, is caused by the phenotypic microenvironmental features of the tumor tissue, mainly the chondrogenic extracellular matrix (ECM), and hypoxia. We developed and characterized a multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) of human chondrosarcoma HEMC-SS cells to gain insight into tumor cell biology and drug response. At Day 7, HEMC-SS spheroids exhibited a homogeneous distribution of proliferative Ki-67 positive cells, whereas in larger spheroids (Day 14 and Day 20), proliferation was mainly localized in the periphery. In the core of larger spheroids, apoptotic cells were evidenced by TUNEL assay, and hypoxia by pimonidazole staining. Interestingly, VEGF excretion, evidenced by ELISA on culture media, was detectable from Day 14 spheroids, and increased as the spheroids grew in size. HEMC-SS spheroids synthesized a chondrogenic extracellular matrix rich in glycosaminoglycans and type-2 collagen. Finally, we investigated the sensitivity of Day 7 and Day 14 chondrosarcoma MCTS to hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-302 and doxorubicin compared with their 2D counterparts. As expected, TH-302 exhibited higher cytotoxic activity on larger hypoxic spheroids (Day 14) than on non-hypoxic spheroids (Day 7), with multicellular resistance index (MCRI) values of 7.7 and 9.1 respectively. For doxorubicin, the larger-sized spheroids exhibited higher drug resistance (MCRI of 5.0 for Day 7 and 18.3 for Day 14 spheroids), possibly due to impeded drug penetration into the deep layer of spheroids, evidenced by its auto-fluorescence property. We have developed a model of human chondrosarcoma MCTS that combines an ECM rich in glycosaminoglycans with a high hypoxic core associated with VEGF excretion. This model could offer a more predictive in vitro chondrosarcoma system for screening drugs targeting tumor cells and their microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Voissiere
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elodie Jouberton
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elise Maubert
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Françoise Degoul
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Caroline Peyrode
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Michel Chezal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Élisabeth Miot-Noirault
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saranya J, Shilpa G, Raghu KG, Priya S. Morus alba Leaf Lectin (MLL) Sensitizes MCF-7 Cells to Anoikis by Inhibiting Fibronectin Mediated Integrin-FAK Signaling through Ras and Activation of P 38 MAPK. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:34. [PMID: 28223935 PMCID: PMC5293820 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are a unique class of carbohydrate binding proteins/glycoproteins, and many of them possess anticancer properties. They can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, inhibit protein synthesis, telomerase activity and angiogenesis in cancer cells. In the present study, we have demonstrated the effect of Morus alba leaf lectin (MLL) on anoikis induction in MCF-7 cells. Anoikis induction in cancer cells has a significant role in preventing early stage metastasis. MLL treatment in monolayers of MCF-7 cells caused significant detachment of cells in a time and concentration dependent manner. The detached cells failed to re-adhere and grew even to culture plates coated with different matrix proteins. DNA fragmentation, membrane integrity studies, annexin V staining, caspase 9 activation and upregulation of Bax/Bad confirmed that the detached cells underwent apoptosis. Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) caused a decrease in fibronectin (FN) production which facilitated the cells to detach by blocking the FN mediated downstream signaling. On treatment with MLL, we have observed downregulation of integrin expression, decreased phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), loss in FAK-integrin interaction and active Ras. MLL treatment downregulated the levels of phosphorylated Akt and PI3K. Also, we have studied the effect of MLL on two stress activated protein kinases p38 MAPK and JNK. p38 MAPK activation was found to be elevated, but there was no change in the level of JNK. Thus our study substantiated the possible antimetastatic effect of MLL by inducing anoikis in MCF-7 cells by activation of caspase 9 and proapoptotic Bax/Bad by blockage of FN mediated integrin/FAK signaling and partly by activation of p38 MAPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayaram Saranya
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Ganesan Shilpa
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Kozhiparambil G Raghu
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Sulochana Priya
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Westhoff MA, Marschall N, Debatin KM. Novel Approaches to Apoptosis-Inducing Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 930:173-204. [PMID: 27558822 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39406-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Induction of apoptotic programmed cell death is one of the underlying principles of most current cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the limitations and drawbacks of this approach and identify three distinct, but overlapping strategies to avoid these difficulties and further enhance the efficacy of apoptosis-inducing therapies. We postulate that the application of multi-targeted small molecule inhibitor cocktails will reduce the risk of the cancer cell populations developing resistance towards therapy. Following from these considerations regarding population genetics and ecology, we advocate the reconsideration of therapeutic end points to maximise the benefits, in terms of quantity and quality of life, for the patients. Finally, combining both previous points, we also suggest an altered focus on the cellular and molecular targets of therapy, i.e. targeting the (cancer cells') interaction with the tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolas Marschall
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Bi T, Dai W, Wang G, Qian L, Gao Q, Shen G. Oxymatrine synergistically enhances the inhibitory effect of 5-fluorouracil on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7589-97. [PMID: 26687645 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT), one of the main active components of extracts from the dry roots of Sophora flavescens, has long been employed clinically to treat cancers. Here, we investigated the synergistic effect of OMT with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) on the tumor growth inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC; Hep-G2 and SMMC-7721) and explored the underlying mechanism. Cells were treated with OMT and/or 5-Fu and subjected to cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, western blotting, xenograft tumorigenicity assay, and immunohistochemistry. OMT and 5-Fu inhibited the proliferation of Hep-G2 and SMMC-7721 cells, and combination treatment with OMT and 5-Fu resulted in a combination index <1, indicating a synergistic effect. Co-treatment with OMT and 5-Fu caused G0/G1 phase arrest by upregulating P21 and P27 and downregulating cyclin D, and induced apoptosis through increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing the levels of p-ERK. In addition, the inhibition of ROS respectively reversed the cell death induced by 5-Fu + OMT, suggesting the key roles of ROS in the process. More importantly, 5-Fu and OMT in combination exhibit much superior tumor weight and volume inhibition on SMMC-7721 xenograft mouse model in comparison to 5-Fu or OMT alone. Immunohistochemistry analysis suggests the combinations greatly suppressed tumor proliferation, which was consistent with our in vitro results. Taken together, our findings indicated that OMT sensitizes HCC to 5-Fu treatment by the suppression of ERK activation through the overproduction of ROS, and combination treatment with OMT and 5-Fu would be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Tingting Bi
- Department of Geriatric Ward, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Liqiang Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Quangen Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China.
| | - Genhai Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schneider M, Ströbele S, Nonnenmacher L, Siegelin MD, Tepper M, Stroh S, Hasslacher S, Enzenmüller S, Strauss G, Baumann B, Karpel-Massler G, Westhoff MA, Debatin KM, Halatsch ME. A paired comparison between glioblastoma “stem cells” and differentiated cells. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1709-18. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Stephanie Ströbele
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Lisa Nonnenmacher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Markus D. Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY
| | - Melanie Tepper
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University; Ulm Germany
| | - Sebastien Stroh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Sebastian Hasslacher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Stefanie Enzenmüller
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Gudrun Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Bernd Baumann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University; Ulm Germany
| | - Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Neurosurgery; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chlorogenic acid enhances the effects of 5-fluorouracil in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinases. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 26:540-6. [PMID: 25714249 PMCID: PMC4415958 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. There is an urgent need to search for novel chemosensitizers in the field of cancer therapy. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a type of polyphenol present in the diet, has many biological activities. The present study is designed to explore the influence of CGA on the effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2 and Hep3B). Treatment with 5-FU induced the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells’ proliferation, and the combined treatment with CGA enhanced this inhibition. 5-FU also increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The combination of 5-FU and CGA led to a more prominent production of ROS and significantly inactivated ERK1/2, although CGA and 5-FU exerted no significant changes when used alone. A previous report has shown that ROS are upstream mediators that inactivate ERK in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Combined with our results, this indicates that the combination of 5-FU and CGA leads to the inactivation of ERK through the overproduction of ROS. This mediates the enhancement of 5-FU-induced inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells’ proliferation, that is, CGA sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to 5-FU treatment by the suppression of ERK activation through the overproduction of ROS. CGA has shown potential as a chemosensitizer of 5-FU chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
|
22
|
Long-term efficiency of mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated CD-MSC/5FC therapy in human melanoma xenograft model. Gene Ther 2014; 21:874-87. [PMID: 25056607 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2014.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be exploited as cellular delivery vehicles for the enzymes converting non-toxic prodrugs to toxic substances. Because of their inherent chemoresistance, they exert potent bystander and antitumor effect. Here we show that the human adipose tissue-derived MSC expressing fusion yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (CD-MSC) in combination with 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) mediated a long-term tumor-free survival in the 83.3% of tumor-bearing animals. CD-MSC/5FC treatment induced cytotoxicity against model human melanoma cells EGFP-A375. Only 4% of the therapeutic CD-MSC cells eliminated >98.5% of the tumor cells in vitro. Long-term tumor-free survival was confirmed in 15 out of the 18 animals. However, repeatedly used CD-MSC/5FC therapeutic regimen generated more aggressive and metastatic variant of the melanoma cells EGFP-A375/Rel3. These cells derived from the refractory xenotransplants exhibited increased resistance to the CD-MSC/5FC treatment, altered cell adhesion, migration, tumorigenic and metastatic properties. However, long-term curative effect was achieved by the augmentation of the CD-MSC/5FC regimen along with the inhibition of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor signaling axis in this aggressive melanoma derivative. In summary, the CD-MSC/5FC regimen can be regarded as a very effective antitumor approach to achieve long-term tumor-free survival as demonstrated on a mouse model of aggressive human melanoma xenografts.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen J, Ding Z, Peng Y, Pan F, Li J, Zou L, Zhang Y, Liang H. HIF-1α inhibition reverses multidrug resistance in colon cancer cells via downregulation of MDR1/P-glycoprotein. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98882. [PMID: 24901645 PMCID: PMC4047061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major reasons chemotherapy-based treatments fail. Hypoxia is generally associated with tumor chemoresistance. However, the correlation between the heterodimeric hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene/transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) remains unclear. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of reversing colon cancer MDR by focusing on the target gene HIF-1α. Methods A chemotherapeutic sensitivity assay was used to observe the efficiency of MDR reversal in LoVo multicellular spheroids (MCS). The apoptotic level induced by different drugs was examined by flow cytometry (FCM). Binding of HIF-1α to the MDR1 gene promoter was evaluated by Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The relationship between HIF-1α/P-gp expression and sensitivity to chemotherapy was analyzed. Results The sensitivity of LoVo MCS to all four chemotherapy drugs was decreased to varying degrees under hypoxic conditions. After silencing the HIF-1α gene, the sensitivities of LoVo MCS to all four chemotherapy drugs were restored. The apoptotic levels that all the drugs induced were all decreased to various extents in the hypoxic group. After silencing HIF-1α, the apoptosis level induced by all four chemotherapy drugs increased. The expression of HIF-1α and P-gp was significantly enhanced in LoVo MCS after treatment with hypoxia. Inhibiting HIF-1α significantly decreased the expression of MDR1/P-gp mRNA or protein in both the LoVo monolayers and LoVo MCS. The ChIP assay showed that HIF-1α was bound to the MDR1 gene promoter. Advanced colon carcinoma patients with expression of both HIF-1α and P-gp were more resistant to chemotherapy than that with non expression. Conclusions HIF-1α inhibition reverses multidrug resistance in colon cancer cells via downregulation of MDR1/P-gp. The expression of HIF-1α and MDR1/P-gp can be used as a predictive marker for chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Binding
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Chen
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenyu Ding
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yonghai Peng
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Zou
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sun L, Liu L, Liu X, Wang Y, Li M, Yao L, Yang J, Ji G, Guo C, Pan Y, Liang S, Wang B, Ding J, Zhang H, Shi Y. Gastric cancer cell adhesion to laminin enhances acquired chemotherapeutic drug resistance mediated by MGr1-Ag/37LRP. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:105-14. [PMID: 24840404 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion of cancer cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) causes a novel acquired chemotherapeutic drug‑resistant phenotype, referred to as cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). Our previous studies suggested that the adhesion molecule MGr1-Ag/37LRP may promote multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells. Therefore, we investigated MGr1-Ag/37LRP binding-induced adhesion, and its role in CAM-DR. Initial studies revealed that, after adhesion to the ECM, the multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR showed significantly higher mean adhesive cell numbers than non‑resistant SGC7901 cells. We then investigated expression of MGr1-Ag/37LRP in gastric cancer cells adhering to laminin. Western blotting, RT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that laminin induced MGr1-Ag/37LRP expression and activity. In vitro and in vivo assays revealed that small interfering RNA against MGr1-Ag/37LRP significantly reduced CAM-DR in SGC7901/VCR cells. In vivo and in vitro analyses revealed that binding of MGr1-Ag/37LRP decreased intracellular drug accumulation by increasing P-glycoprotein and multidrug-associated protein expression, and inhibited drug-induced apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2 and Bax expression. These results indicate that MGr1-Ag/37LRP contributes to laminin-mediated CAM-DR in gastric cancer cells, and is a potentially effective target for reversing this phenomenon in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, P.R. China
| | - Mengbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Liping Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Genlin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Changcun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanglin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Shuhui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Biaoluo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Benien P, Swami A. 3D tumor models: history, advances and future perspectives. Future Oncol 2014; 10:1311-27. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Evaluation of cancer therapeutics by utilizing 3D tumor models, before clinical studies, could be more advantageous than conventional 2D tumor models (monolayer cultures). The 3D systems mimic the tumor microenvironment more closely than 2D systems. The following review discusses the various 3D tumor models present today with the advantages and limitations of each. 3D tumor models replicate the elements of a tumor microenvironment such as hypoxia, necrosis, angiogenesis and cell adhesion. The review introduces application of techniques such as microfluidics, imaging and tissue engineering to improve the 3D tumor models. Despite their tremendous potential to better screen chemotherapeutics, 3D tumor models still have a long way to go before they are used commonly as in vitro tumor models in pharmaceutical industrial research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Archana Swami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Niero EL, Rocha-Sales B, Lauand C, Cortez BA, de Souza MM, Rezende-Teixeira P, Urabayashi MS, Martens AA, Neves JH, Machado-Santelli GM. The multiple facets of drug resistance: one history, different approaches. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:37. [PMID: 24775603 PMCID: PMC4041145 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Some cancers like melanoma and pancreatic and ovarian cancers, for example, commonly display resistance to chemotherapy, and this is the major obstacle to a better prognosis of patients. Frequently, literature presents studies in monolayer cell cultures, 3D cell cultures or in vivo studies, but rarely the same work compares results of drug resistance in different models. Several of these works are presented in this review and show that usually cells in 3D culture are more resistant to drugs than monolayer cultured cells due to different mechanisms. Searching for new strategies to sensitize different tumors to chemotherapy, many methods have been studied to understand the mechanisms whereby cancer cells acquire drug resistance. These methods have been strongly advanced along the years and therapies using different drugs have been increasingly proposed to induce cell death in resistant cells of different cancers. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been extensively studied because they would be the only cells capable of sustaining tumorigenesis. It is believed that the resistance of CSCs to currently used chemotherapeutics is a major contributing factor in cancer recurrence and later metastasis development. This review aims to appraise the experimental progress in the study of acquired drug resistance of cancer cells in different models as well as to understand the role of CSCs as the major contributing factor in cancer recurrence and metastasis development, describing how CSCs can be identified and isolated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Luís Niero
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av, Prof, Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Westhoff MA, Brühl O, Nonnenmacher L, Karpel-Massler G, Debatin KM. Killing me softly--future challenges in apoptosis research. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:3746-67. [PMID: 24595238 PMCID: PMC3975365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15033746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of apoptosis, a highly regulated and clearly defined mode of cell dying, is a vital tenet of modern cancer therapy. In this review we focus on three aspects of apoptosis research which we believe are the most crucial and most exciting areas currently investigated and that will need to be better understood in order to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic measures. First, we discuss which target to select for cancer therapy and argue that not the cancer cell as such, but its interaction with the microenvironment is a more promising and genetically stable site of attack. Second, the complexity of combination therapy is elucidated using the PI3-K-mediated signaling network as a specific example. Here we show that the current clinical approach to sensitize malignancies to apoptosis by maximal, prolonged inhibition of so-called survival pathways can actually be counter productive. Third, we propose that under certain conditions which will need to be clearly defined in future, chronification of a tumor might be preferable to the attempt at a cure. Finally, we discuss further problems with utilizing apoptosis induction in cancer therapy and propose a novel potential therapeutic approach that combines the previously discussed features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm 89075, Germany.
| | - Oliver Brühl
- Laboratorio Analisi Sicilia Catania, Lentini (SR) 96016, Italy.
| | - Lisa Nonnenmacher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm 89075, Germany.
| | | | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm 89075, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kranz D, Boutros M. A synthetic lethal screen identifies FAT1 as an antagonist of caspase-8 in extrinsic apoptosis. EMBO J 2014; 33:181-97. [PMID: 24442637 PMCID: PMC3983683 DOI: 10.1002/embj.201385686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by binding of death ligands to death receptors resulting in the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Activation of procaspase-8 within the DISC and its release from the signaling complex is required for processing executor caspases and commiting cell death. Here, we report that the atypical cadherin FAT1 interacts with caspase-8 preventing the association of caspase-8 with the DISC. We identified FAT1 in a genome-wide siRNA screen for synthetic lethal interactions with death receptor-mediated apoptosis. Knockdown of FAT1 sensitized established and patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines for apoptosis transduced by cell death ligands. Depletion of FAT1 resulted in enhanced procaspase-8 recruitment to the DISC and increased formation of caspase-8 containing secondary signaling complexes. In addition, FAT1 knockout cell lines generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering were more susceptible for death receptor-mediated apoptosis. Our findings provide evidence for a mechanism to control caspase-8-dependent cell death by the atypical cadherin FAT1. These results contribute towards the understanding of effector caspase regulation in physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Kranz
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Department for Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang NS, Wei M, Ma WL, Meng W, Zheng WL. Knockdown of CD44 enhances chemosensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia cells to ADM and Ara-C. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3933-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
30
|
Westhoff MA, Zhou S, Nonnenmacher L, Karpel-Massler G, Jennewein C, Schneider M, Halatsch ME, Carragher NO, Baumann B, Krause A, Simmet T, Bachem MG, Wirtz CR, Debatin KM. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling ablates the invasive phenotype of glioblastoma. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 11:1611-23. [PMID: 24145173 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0435-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Glioblastoma multiforme, the most common primary brain tumor, is highly refractory to therapy, mainly due to its ability to form micrometastases, which are small clusters or individual cells that rapidly transverse the brain and make full surgical resection impossible. Here, it is demonstrated that the invasive phenotype of glioblastoma multiforme is orchestrated by the transcription factor NF-κB which, via metalloproteinases (MMP), regulates fibronectin processing. Both, cell lines and tumor stem cells from primary glioblastoma multiforme, secrete high levels of fibronectin which when cleaved by MMPs forms an extracellular substrate. Subsequently, forming and interacting with their own microenvironment, glioblastoma multiforme cells are licensed to invade their surroundings. Mechanistic study revealed that NF-κB inhibition, either genetically or pharmacologically, by treatment with Disulfiram, significantly abolished the invasive phenotype in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Furthermore, having delineated the underlying molecular mechanism of glioblastoma multiforme invasion, the potential of a disulfiram-based therapy was revealed in a highly invasive orthotrophic glioblastoma multiforme mouse model. IMPLICATIONS This study defines a novel therapeutic approach that inhibits micrometastases invasion and reverts lethal glioblastoma into a less aggressive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, D-89075 Ulm, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu H, Deng J, Zheng J, You Y, Li N, Li W, Wu D, Zhou Y. Functional polymorphisms in the CD44 gene and acute myeloid leukemia cancer risk in a Chinese population. Mol Carcinog 2013; 54:102-10. [PMID: 24038513 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CD44 is such one adhesion molecule that mediates interactions between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and stromal. It has been demonstrated that CD4 plays a critical role in AML development. However, studies of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CD44 gene have not touched upon AML. This case-control study probed the contribution of functional SNPs in CD44 gene to AML susceptibility in eastern Chinese population. Five representative SNPs of CD44 (rs10836347C>T, rs13347C>T, rs1425802A>G, rs11821102G>A, rs713330T>C) were opted and genotyped in 421 AML patients and 461 healthy subjects and the association with risk of AML was estimated by logistic regression. Moreover, the potential role of rs13347C > T in AML was further explored. Compared with the rs13347CC genotype, CT carriers had a significant increase in AML susceptibility (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32-2.34), TT carriers had a further increased risk of AML (OR = 2.67; 95% CI = 1.69-4.21). Furthermore, our transient transfection assay and Western blot results demonstrated that the presence of rs13347T allele led to more CD44 expression. Yet, there exists no significant difference in genotype frequencies of the other four sites between cases and controls. Above findings suggest that rs13347C>T in 3'UTR of CD44 may be a genetic modifier for developing AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Benoit YD, Witherspoon MS, Laursen KB, Guezguez A, Beauséjour M, Beaulieu JF, Lipkin SM, Gudas LJ. Pharmacological inhibition of polycomb repressive complex-2 activity induces apoptosis in human colon cancer stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:1463-70. [PMID: 23588203 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the leading causes of cancer death in the USA. The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), including core components SUZ12 and EZH2, represents a key epigenetic regulator of digestive epithelial cell physiology and was previously shown to promote deleterious effects in a number of human cancers, including colon. Using colon cancer stem cells (CCSC) isolated from human primary colorectal tumors, we demonstrate that SUZ12 knockdown and treatment with DZNep, one of the most potent EZH2 inhibitors, increase apoptosis levels, marked by decreased Akt phosphorylation, in CCSCs, while embryonic stem (ES) cell survival is not affected. Moreover, DZNep treatments lead to increased PTEN expression in these highly tumorigenic cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of PRC2 histone methyltransferase activity may constitute a new, epigenetic therapeutic strategy to target highly tumorigenic and metastatic colon cancer stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick D Benoit
- Pharmacology Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10065, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yin F, Liu X, Li D, Wang Q, Zhang W, Li L. Bioinformatic analysis of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 and SPARC-like protein 1 revealing their associations with drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1305-16. [PMID: 23404140 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) and SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1/MAST9/hevin/SC-1) are associated with various biological behavior in the development of cancers. Although the expression of CCL21 and SPARCL1 is downregulated in many solid tumors, their roles in ovarian cancer and their associations with drug resistance have rarely been studied. We performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis consisting of motif analysis, literature co-occurrence, gene/protein-gene/protein interaction network, protein-small molecule interaction network, and microRNAs enrichments which revealed that CCL21 and SPARCL1 directly or indirectly interact with a number of genes, proteins, small molecules and pathways associated with drug resistance in ovarian and other cancers. These results suggested that CCL21 and SPARCL1 may contribute to drug resistance in ovarian cancer. This study provided important information for further investigation of drug resistance-related functions of CCL21 and SPARCL1 in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Yin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lin CC, Chung YC, Hsu CP. Potential roles of longan flower and seed extracts for anti-cancer. World J Exp Med 2012; 2:78-85. [PMID: 24520538 PMCID: PMC3905590 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v2.i4.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol-rich plants are known to possess benefits to human health. Recent studies have revealed that many Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are rich sources of polyphenols and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and these TCMs have been shown experimentally to overcome some chronic diseases, including cancer. Longan flowers and seeds, two TCMs traditionally used for relieving pain and urinary diseases, have been revealed in our recent reports and other studies to possess rich amounts of polyphenolic species and exhibit strong anti-oxidant activity, and these could be applied for the treatment of diabetes and cancer. Herein, we review the recent findings regarding the benefits of these two TCMs in the treatment of human cancer and the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of both substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Lin
- Chih-Cheng Lin, Department of Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan, China
| | - Yuan-Chiang Chung
- Chih-Cheng Lin, Department of Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan, China
| | - Chih-Ping Hsu
- Chih-Cheng Lin, Department of Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Extracellular matrix proteins modulate antimigratory and apoptotic effects of Doxorubicin. CHEMOTHERAPY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2012; 2012:268681. [PMID: 22811904 PMCID: PMC3395309 DOI: 10.1155/2012/268681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer drug resistance is a multifactorial process that includes acquired and de novo drug resistances. Acquired resistance develops during treatment, while de novo resistance is the primary way for tumor cells to escape chemotherapy. Tumor microenvironment has been recently shown to be one of the important factors contributing to de novo resistance and called environment-mediated drug resistance (EMDR). Two forms of EMDR have been described: soluble factor-mediated drug resistance (SFM-DR) and cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). Anthracyclines, among the most potent chemotherapeutic agents, are widely used in clinics against hematopoietic and solid tumors. Their main mechanism of action relies on the inhibition of topoisomerase I and/or II and the induction of apoptosis. Beyond this well-known antitumor activity, it has been recently demonstrated that anthracyclines may display potent anti-invasive effects when used at subtoxic concentrations. In this paper, we will describe two particular modes of EMDR by which microenvironment may influence tumor-cell response to one of these anthracyclines, doxorubicin. The first one considers the influence of type I collagen on the antimigratory effect of doxorubicin (CAM-DR). The second considers the protection of tumor cells by thrombospondin-I against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis (SFM-DR).
Collapse
|
36
|
CD44 activation enhances acute monoblastic leukemia cell survival via Mcl-1 upregulation. Leuk Res 2012; 36:358-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Beristain AG, Narala SR, Di Grappa MA, Khokha R. Homotypic RANK signaling differentially regulates proliferation, motility and cell survival in osteosarcoma and mammary epithelial cells. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:943-55. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.094029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
RANKL (receptor activator of NF-κB ligand) is a crucial cytokine for regulating diverse biological systems such as innate immunity, bone homeostasis and mammary gland differentiation, operating through activation of its cognate receptor RANK. In these normal physiological processes, RANKL signals through paracrine and/or heterotypic mechanisms where its expression and function is tightly controlled. Numerous pathologies involve RANKL deregulation, such as bone loss, inflammatory diseases and cancer, and aberrant RANK expression has been reported in bone cancer. Here, we investigated the significance of RANK in tumor cells with a particular emphasis on homotypic signaling. We selected RANK-positive mouse osteosarcoma and RANK-negative preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and subjected them to loss- and gain-of-RANK function analyses. By examining a spectrum of tumorigenic properties, we demonstrate that RANK homotypic signaling has a negligible effect on cell proliferation, but promotes cell motility and anchorage-independent growth of osteosarcoma cells and preosteoblasts. By contrast, establishment of RANK signaling in non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial NMuMG cells promotes their proliferation and anchorage-independent growth, but not motility. Furthermore, RANK activation initiates multiple signaling pathways beyond its canonical target, NF-κB. Among these, biochemical inhibition reveals that Erk1/2 is dominant and crucial for the promotion of anchorage-independent survival and invasion of osteoblastic cells, as well as the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells. Thus, RANK signaling functionally contributes to key tumorigenic properties through a cell-autonomous homotypic mechanism. These data also identify the likely inherent differences between epithelial and mesenchymal cell responsiveness to RANK activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Beristain
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, Toronto Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Swami R. Narala
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, Toronto Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Marco A. Di Grappa
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, Toronto Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Rama Khokha
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, Toronto Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Delayed caspase-8 activation and enhanced integrin β1-activated FAK underpins anoikis in oesophageal carcinoma cells harbouring mt p53-R175H. Cell Biol Int 2011; 35:819-26. [PMID: 21426305 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
FAK (focal adhesion kinase)-mediated signalling reportedly suppresses caspase-8 activation and, as a consequence, rescues epithelial cells from Fas-mediated anoikis. Critical was the use of a HOSCC (human oesophageal squamous carcinoma) cell line harbouring mt (mutant) p53-R175H and displaying resistance to detachment and Tyr397 dephosphorylation of FAK. Here we show, although caspase-8 activation is delayed in the mt p53-R175H cell line, comparable apoptotic events evidenced in the wt (wild type) p53 HOSCC cell lines could be induced in the mt p53-R175H cell line by strengthening the apoptotic stimulus. Significant to anoikis-related regulation, the delay in caspase-8 activation was accompanied by the maintenance of FAK Tyr397 phosphorylation, integrin β1-associated FAK and a FAK/caspase-8 complex. Thus, mt p53-R175H may desensitize tumours to Fas-mediated anchorage-independent death via a FAK-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kolahgar G, Bardet PL, Langton PF, Alexandre C, Vincent JP. Apical deficiency triggers JNK-dependent apoptosis in the embryonic epidermis of Drosophila. Development 2011; 138:3021-31. [PMID: 21693518 DOI: 10.1242/dev.059980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial homeostasis and the avoidance of diseases such as cancer require the elimination of defective cells by apoptosis. Here, we investigate how loss of apical determinants triggers apoptosis in the embryonic epidermis of Drosophila. Transcriptional profiling and in situ hybridisation show that JNK signalling is upregulated in mutants lacking Crumbs or other apical determinants. This leads to transcriptional activation of the pro-apoptotic gene reaper and to apoptosis. Suppression of JNK signalling by overexpression of Puckered, a feedback inhibitor of the pathway, prevents reaper upregulation and apoptosis. Moreover, removal of endogenous Puckered leads to ectopic reaper expression. Importantly, disruption of the basolateral domain in the embryonic epidermis does not trigger JNK signalling or apoptosis. We suggest that apical, not basolateral, integrity could be intrinsically required for the survival of epithelial cells. In apically deficient embryos, JNK signalling is activated throughout the epidermis. Yet, in the dorsal region, reaper expression is not activated and cells survive. One characteristic of these surviving cells is that they retain discernible adherens junctions despite the apical deficit. We suggest that junctional integrity could restrain the pro-apoptotic influence of JNK signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golnar Kolahgar
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rohwer N, Cramer T. Hypoxia-mediated drug resistance: novel insights on the functional interaction of HIFs and cell death pathways. Drug Resist Updat 2011; 14:191-201. [PMID: 21466972 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Resistance towards chemotherapy, either primary or acquired, represents a major obstacle in clinical oncology. Three basic categories underlie most cases of chemotherapy failure: Inadequate pharmacokinetic properties of the drug, tumor cell intrinsic factors such as the expression of drug efflux pumps and tumor cell extrinsic conditions present in the tumor microenvironment, characterized by such hostile conditions as hypoxia, acidosis, nutrient starvation and increased interstitial pressure. Tumor hypoxia has been known to negatively affect therapy outcome for decades. Hypoxia inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest, ultimately conferring chemoresistance since anticancer drugs preferentially target rapidly proliferating cells. However, this knowledge has been largely neglected while screening for anti-proliferative substances in vitro, resulting in hypoxia-mediated failure of most newly identified substances in vivo. To achieve a tangible therapeutic benefit from this knowledge, the mechanisms that drive tumoral responses to hypoxia need to be identified and exploited for their validity as innovative therapy targets. The HIF family of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors represents the main mediator of the hypoxic response and is widely upregulated in human cancers. HIF-1α and to a lesser extent HIF-2α, the oxygen-regulated HIF isoforms, have been associated with chemotherapy failure and interference with HIF function holds great promise to improve future anticancer therapy. In this review we summarize recent findings on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the role of the HIFs in drug resistance. Specifically, we will highlight the multifaceted interaction of HIF with apoptosis, senescence, autophagy, p53 and mitochondrial activity and outline how these are at the heart of HIF-mediated therapy failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rohwer
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Hepatologie und Gastroenterologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hadwiger JA, Nguyen HN. MAPKs in development: insights from Dictyostelium signaling pathways. Biomol Concepts 2011; 2:39-46. [PMID: 21666837 DOI: 10.1515/bmc.2011.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important roles in the development of eukaryotic organisms through the regulation of signal transduction pathways stimulated by external signals. MAPK signaling pathways have been associated with the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and chemotaxis, indicating MAPKs contribute to a diverse set of developmental processes. In most eukaryotes, the diversity of external signals is likely to far exceed the diversity of MAPKs, suggesting that multiple signaling pathways might share MAPKs. Do different signaling pathways converge before MAPK function or can MAPKs maintain signaling specificity through interactions with specific proteins? The genetic and biochemical analysis of MAPK pathways in simple eukaryotes such as Dictyostelium offers opportunities to investigate functional specificity of MAPKs in G protein-mediated signal transduction pathways. This review considers the regulation and specificity of MAPK function in pathways that control Dictyostelium growth and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Hadwiger
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Oklahoma State University 74078-3020, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Murphy M, Stordal B. Erlotinib or gefitinib for the treatment of relapsed platinum pretreated non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer: a systematic review. Drug Resist Updat 2011; 14:177-90. [PMID: 21435938 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for ovarian cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance to platinum agents invariably develops. Targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), have great potential here as they exert their anti-tumour effect via alternative mechanisms to platinum-based drugs and as such may remain unaffected by emergent resistance to platinum. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to investigate whether two EGFR-TKIs, erlotinib and gefitinib, have efficacy in the platinum-resistance setting. Preclinical studies of platinum-resistant cancer cell lines, which had been subsequently treated with EGFR-TKIs, were sought to establish proof-of-concept. Clinical trials reporting administration of EGFR-TKIs to ovarian cancer and NSCLC patients relapsed after therapy with platinum drugs were investigated to determine sensitivity of these cohorts to EGFR-TKI treatment. The role of EGFR mutation, copy number and protein expression on response to EGFR-TKIs after failure of platinum chemotherapy were also investigated. RESULTS Preclinical models of platinum-resistant cancer were found which display a spectrum of cross-resistance profiles to EGFR-TKIs. Sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs is dependent on the activation of the EGFR pathway or EGFR interacting proteins such as HER-2. EGFR-TKIs show favourable response rates in platinum-pretreated NSCLC, 11.14% and 15.25% for 150mg/day erlotinib and 250mg/day gefitinib, respectively. These response rates significantly improve in patients of Asian descent (28.3% and 29.17%, respectively) and patients with EGFR activation mutations (41.6% and 63.89%, respectively) or increased copy number (33.3% and 45.45%, respectively). Gefitinib significantly outperformed erlotinib and should therefore be the EGFR-TKI of choice in platinum-pretreated relapsed NSCLC. In contrast, response rates are very poor to both erlotinib and gefitinib in platinum pretreated ovarian cancer, 0-5.9% and they should not be used in this cohort of patients. Preclinical models demonstrate that, while cross resistance can occur between platinums and EGFR-TKIs, there is not a generalised cross-resistance phenotype. Erlotinib and gefitinib are suitable for the treatment of platinum-pretreated NSCLC, particularly in patients with EGFR mutations or increases in copy number. Unfortunately, the high rates of EGFR protein overexpression in ovarian cancer are not translating to a clinically useful therapeutic target for EGFR-TKIs; EGFR mutations are rare in ovarian cancer. Newer TKIs may improve response rates in these cohorts and future clinical trials need to collect tumour biopsies from all patients to ensure the success of personalised chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Murphy
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhu P, Tan MJ, Huang RL, Tan CK, Chong HC, Pal M, Lam CRI, Boukamp P, Pan JY, Tan SH, Kersten S, Li HY, Ding JL, Tan NS. Angiopoietin-like 4 protein elevates the prosurvival intracellular O2(-):H2O2 ratio and confers anoikis resistance to tumors. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:401-15. [PMID: 21397862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Tumor cells exploit various signaling pathways to promote their growth and metastasis. To our knowledge, the role of angiopoietin-like 4 protein (ANGPTL4) in cancer remains undefined. Here, we found that elevated ANGPTL4 expression is widespread in tumors, and its suppression impairs tumor growth associated with enhanced apoptosis. Tumor-derived ANGPTL4 interacts with integrins to stimulate NADPH oxidase-dependent production of O(2)(-). A high ratio of O(2)(-):H(2)O(2) oxidizes/activates Src, triggering the PI3K/PKBα and ERK prosurvival pathways to confer anoikis resistance, thus promoting tumor growth. ANGPTL4 deficiency results in diminished O(2)(-) production and a reduced O(2)(-):H(2)O(2) ratio, creating a cellular environment conducive to apoptosis. ANGPTL4 is an important redox player in cancer and a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4
- Angiopoietins/genetics
- Angiopoietins/metabolism
- Animals
- Anoikis
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Female
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
- Immunoblotting
- Integrins/metabolism
- Intracellular Space/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Protein Binding
- RNA Interference
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Portt L, Norman G, Clapp C, Greenwood M, Greenwood MT. Anti-apoptosis and cell survival: a review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2010; 1813:238-59. [PMID: 20969895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type I programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis is critical for cellular self-destruction for a variety of processes such as development or the prevention of oncogenic transformation. Alternative forms, including type II (autophagy) and type III (necrotic) represent the other major types of PCD that also serve to trigger cell death. PCD must be tightly controlled since disregulated cell death is involved in the development of a large number of different pathologies. To counter the multitude of processes that are capable of triggering death, cells have devised a large number of cellular processes that serve to prevent inappropriate or premature PCD. These cell survival strategies involve a myriad of coordinated and systematic physiological and genetic changes that serve to ward off death. Here we will discuss the different strategies that are used to prevent cell death and focus on illustrating that although anti-apoptosis and cellular survival serve to counteract PCD, they are nevertheless mechanistically distinct from the processes that regulate cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Portt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kruyt FA, Schuringa JJ. Apoptosis and cancer stem cells: Implications for apoptosis targeted therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:423-30. [PMID: 20394737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
46
|
Tumour-microenvironmental interactions: paths to progression and targets for treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2010; 20:128-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
47
|
Austin P, Heller M, Williams DE, McIntosh LP, Vogl AW, Foster LJ, Andersen RJ, Roberge M, Roskelley CD. Release of membrane-bound vesicles and inhibition of tumor cell adhesion by the peptide Neopetrosiamide A. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10836. [PMID: 20520768 PMCID: PMC2877099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neopetrosiamide A (NeoA) is a 28-amino acid tricyclic peptide originally isolated from a marine sponge as a tumor cell invasion inhibitor whose mechanism of action is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings We show that NeoA reversibly inhibits tumor cell adhesion, disassembles focal adhesions in pre-attached cells, and decreases the level of β1 integrin subunits on the cell surface. NeoA also induces the formation of dynamic, membrane-bound protrusions on the surface of treated cells and the release of membrane-bound vesicles into the culture medium. Proteomic analysis indicates that the vesicles contain EGF and transferrin receptors as well as a number of proteins involved in adhesion and migration including: β1 integrin and numerous α integrin subunits; actin and actin-binding proteins such as cofilin, moesin and myosin 1C; and membrane modulating eps15 homology domain (EHD) proteins. Surface labeling, trafficking inhibition, and real-time imaging experiments all suggest that β1 integrin-containing vesicles are released directly from NeoA-induced cell surface protrusions rather than from vesicles generated intracellularly. The biological activity of NeoA is dependent on its disulfide bond pattern and NMR spectroscopy indicates that the peptide is globular with a continuous ridge of hydrophobic groups flanked by charged amino acid residues that could facilitate a simultaneous interaction with lipids and proteins in the membrane. Conclusions/Significance NeoA is an anti-adhesive peptide that decreases cell surface integrin levels through a novel, yet to be elucidated, mechanism that involves the release of adhesion molecule-containing vesicles from the cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Austin
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Markus Heller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David E. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lawrence P. McIntosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A. Wayne Vogl
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leonard J. Foster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raymond J. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michel Roberge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Calvin D. Roskelley
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- The Program in Breast Cancer Metastasis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|