1
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Mao C, Liu X, Guo SW. Meclizine improves endometrial repair and reduces simulated menstrual bleeding in mice with induced adenomyosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 231:113.e1-113.e13. [PMID: 38367751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenomyosis is one of the structural causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, which often presents as heavy menstrual bleeding. Mostly because of the poor understanding of its pathophysiology, medical management of adenomyosis-induced heavy menstrual bleeding is still a challenge. We have previously reported that glycolysis is crucial to endometrial repair following menstruation and that suppressed glycolysis can cause heavy menstrual bleeding. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the hypothesis that meclizine, a drug with an excellent safety profile, alleviates heavy menstrual bleeding in mice with induced adenomyosis using a simulated menstruation model. STUDY DESIGN Adenomyosis was induced in 36 female C57BL/6 mice using endometrial-myometrial interface disruption. Three months after induction, the mice were randomly divided into the following 3 groups: low-dose meclizine, high-dose meclizine, and controls. Treatment with meclizine or vehicle started shortly before the simulated menstruation procedure and ended before progesterone withdrawal. The amount of blood loss was quantified and uterine tissue was harvested for histologic evaluation of the grade of endometrial repair. We performed immunohistochemistry analysis of 4 proteins critically involved in glycolysis: Glut1 (glucose transporter 1), Hk2 (hexokinase 2), Pfkfb3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3), and Pkm2 (pyruvate kinase M2). The extent of tissue fibrosis in both ectopic and eutopic endometria was evaluated using Masson trichrome staining. RESULTS In mice with induced adenomyosis, meclizine accelerated endometrial repair in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the amount of menstrual bleeding. Meclizine administration raised endometrial immunoexpression of Hk2 and Pfkfb3 but not of Glut1 or Pkm2. The extent of endometrial fibrosis was reduced following the meclizine administration. Remarkably, these favorable changes were accompanied by the suppression of lesional progression, as evidenced by the dose-dependent reduction in the extent of fibrosis (a surrogate for lesional progression). CONCLUSION These encouraging results, taken together, suggest that glycolysis may be a promising therapeutic target and that meclizine may hold therapeutic potential as a nonhormonal treatment for adenomyosis-induced heavy menstrual bleeding without exacerbating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Mao
- Department of General Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xishi Liu
- Department of General Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun-Wei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Institute, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Li H, Ren Q, Shi M, Ma L, Fu P. Lactate metabolism and acute kidney injury. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-01083. [PMID: 38802283 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinically critical syndrome in hospitalized patients with high morbidity and mortality. At present, the mechanism of AKI has not been fully elucidated, and no therapeutic drugs exist. As known, glycolytic product lactate is a key metabolite in physiological and pathological processes. The kidney is an important gluconeogenic organ, where lactate is the primary substrate of renal gluconeogenesis in physiological conditions. During AKI, altered glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in kidneys significantly disturb the lactate metabolic balance, which exert impacts on the severity and prognosis of AKI. Additionally, lactate-derived posttranslational modification, namely lactylation, is novel to AKI as it could regulate gene transcription of metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis or Warburg effect. Protein lactylation widely exists in human tissues and may severely affect non-histone functions. Moreover, the strategies of intervening lactate metabolic pathways are expected to bring a new dawn for the treatment of AKI. This review focused on renal lactate metabolism, especially in proximal renal tubules after AKI, and updated recent advances of lactylation modification, which may help to explore potential therapeutic targets against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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3
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Lee JH, Gohil VM, Heidari P, Seidel JL, Zulkifli M, Wei Y, Ji Y, Daneshmand A, Mahmood U, Clish CB, Mootha VK, Ayata C. Mechanism of Action and Translational Potential of ( S)-Meclizine in Preemptive Prophylaxis Against Stroke. Stroke 2024; 55:1370-1380. [PMID: 38572656 PMCID: PMC11039361 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild chemical inhibition of mitochondrial respiration can confer resilience against a subsequent stroke or myocardial infarction, also known as preconditioning. However, the lack of chemicals that can safely inhibit mitochondrial respiration has impeded the clinical translation of the preconditioning concept. We previously showed that meclizine, an over-the-counter antivertigo drug, can toggle metabolism from mitochondrial respiration toward glycolysis and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain, heart, and kidney. Here, we examine the mechanism of action of meclizine and report the efficacy and improved safety of the (S) enantiomer. METHODS We determined the anoxic depolarization latency, tissue and neurological outcomes, and glucose uptake using micro-positron emission tomography after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice pretreated (-17 and -3 hours) with either vehicle or meclizine. To exclude a direct effect on tissue excitability, we also examined spreading depression susceptibility. Furthermore, we accomplished the chiral synthesis of (R)- and (S)-meclizine and compared their effects on oxygen consumption and histamine H1 receptor binding along with their brain concentrations. RESULTS Micro-positron emission tomography showed meclizine increases glucose uptake in the ischemic penumbra, providing the first in vivo evidence that the neuroprotective effect of meclizine indeed stems from its ability to toggle metabolism toward glycolysis. Consistent with reduced reliance on oxidative phosphorylation to sustain the metabolism, meclizine delayed anoxic depolarization onset after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Moreover, the (S) enantiomer showed reduced H1 receptor binding, a dose-limiting side effect for the racemate, but retained its effect on mitochondrial respiration. (S)-meclizine was at least as efficacious as the racemate in delaying anoxic depolarization onset and decreasing infarct volumes after middle cerebral artery occlusion. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify (S)-meclizine as a promising new drug candidate with high translational potential as a chemical preconditioning agent for preemptive prophylaxis in patients with high imminent stroke or myocardial infarction risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyun Lee
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Vishal M. Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Pedram Heidari
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L. Seidel
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad Zulkifli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ying Wei
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yuhua Ji
- Grace Science, LLC, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Ali Daneshmand
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Umar Mahmood
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Vamsi K. Mootha
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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4
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Kishi S, Nagasu H, Kidokoro K, Kashihara N. Oxidative stress and the role of redox signalling in chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:101-119. [PMID: 37857763 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern, underscoring a need to identify pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are derivatives of oxygen molecules that are generated during aerobic metabolism and are involved in a variety of cellular functions that are governed by redox conditions. Low levels of ROS are required for diverse processes, including intracellular signal transduction, metabolism, immune and hypoxic responses, and transcriptional regulation. However, excess ROS can be pathological, and contribute to the development and progression of chronic diseases. Despite evidence linking elevated levels of ROS to CKD development and progression, the use of low-molecular-weight antioxidants to remove ROS has not been successful in preventing or slowing disease progression. More recent advances have enabled evaluation of the molecular interactions between specific ROS and their targets in redox signalling pathways. Such studies may pave the way for the development of sophisticated treatments that allow the selective control of specific ROS-mediated signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kishi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hajime Nagasu
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kengo Kidokoro
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoki Kashihara
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.
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5
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Tang W, Wei Q. The metabolic pathway regulation in kidney injury and repair. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1344271. [PMID: 38283280 PMCID: PMC10811252 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1344271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney injury and repair are accompanied by significant disruptions in metabolic pathways, leading to renal cell dysfunction and further contributing to the progression of renal pathology. This review outlines the complex involvement of various energy production pathways in glucose, lipid, amino acid, and ketone body metabolism within the kidney. We provide a comprehensive summary of the aberrant regulation of these metabolic pathways in kidney injury and repair. After acute kidney injury (AKI), there is notable mitochondrial damage and oxygen/nutrient deprivation, leading to reduced activity in glycolysis and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, disruptions occur in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), amino acid metabolism, and the supply of ketone bodies. The subsequent kidney repair phase is characterized by a metabolic shift toward glycolysis, along with decreased fatty acid β-oxidation and continued disturbances in amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, the impact of metabolism dysfunction on renal cell injury, regeneration, and the development of renal fibrosis is analyzed. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies by targeting renal metabolic regulation to ameliorate kidney injury and fibrosis and promote kidney repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Tang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Mostafa RE, Asaad GF. Meclizine moderates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in mice through the regulation of AKT/ NF-κβ/ERK/JNK signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2797-2806. [PMID: 37733253 PMCID: PMC10663243 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is identified as significant inflammatory reactions occurring in the central nervous system. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates innate immune reactions and is used as an in vivo animal model for the investigation of inflammation. Meclizine (MCLZ) is a histamine antagonist with potential neuroprotective qualities. Forty adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups (n = 10). Group 1 served as a control negative group. Groups 2-4 were injected with LPS (5 mg/kg; i.p). Group 2 served as LPS-control. Groups 3 & 4 were given MCLZ (12.5 & 25 mg/kg; p.o) respectively for 14 days. LPS administration resulted in significant neuroinflammation in mice as was revealed by significant inflammatory histopathological changes and positive immunohistochemical staining of glial fibrillary acidic proteins (GFAP) accompanied by significant elevations of brain tissue contents of interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κβ), protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and C-Jun N-Terminal Kinases (JNK). MCLZ treatment significantly down-regulated all the aforementioned parameters in mice brains. Moreover, MCLZ treatment ameliorated the inflammatory histopathological changes and GFAP immunostaining in brain tissues. The current study identifies for the first time the protective anti-neuroinflammatory effects of MCLZ against LPS-induced neuroinflammation in mice. MCLZ protected against neuroinflammation via the amelioration of inflammatory histopathological changes as well as neuronal GFAP immunostaining and down-regulated the AKT/NF-κβ/ERK/JNK signaling pathway. MCLZ is anticipated as a potential protective candidate for the addition to the treatment protocol of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 ELBohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 ELBohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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van Till JO, Nojima H, Kameoka C, Hayashi C, Sakatani T, Washburn TB, Molitoris BA, Shaw AD, Engelman DT, Kellum JA. The Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Delta Modulator ASP1128 in Patients at Risk for Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1407-1416. [PMID: 37441472 PMCID: PMC10334402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) plays a central role in modulating mitochondrial function in ischemia-reperfusion injury. The novel PPARδ modulator, ASP1128, was evaluated. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, biomarker assignment-driven, multicenter study was performed in adult patients at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery, examining efficacy and safety of a 3-day, once-daily intravenous dose of 100 mg ASP1128 versus placebo (1:1). AKI risk was based on clinical characteristics and postoperative urinary biomarker (TIMP2)•(IGFBP7). The primary end point was the proportion of patients with AKI based on serum creatinine within 72 hours postsurgery (AKI-SCr72h). Secondary endpoints included the composite end point of major adverse kidney events (MAKE: death, renal replacement therapy, and/or ≥25% reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) at days 30 and 90). Results A total of 150 patients were randomized and received study medication (81 placebo, 69 ASP1128). Rates of AKI-SCr72h were 21.0% and 24.6% in the placebo and ASP1128 arms, respectively (P = 0.595). Rates of moderate/severe AKI (stage 2/3 AKI-SCr and/or stage 3 AKI-urinary output criteria) within 72 hours postsurgery were 19.8% and 23.2%, respectively (P = 0.609). MAKE occurred within 30 days in 11.1% and 13.0% in the placebo and ASP1128 arms (P = 0.717), respectively; and within 90 days in 9.9% and 15.9% in the placebo and ASP1128 arms (P = 0.266), respectively. No safety issues were identified with ASP1128 treatment, but rates of postoperative atrial fibrillation were lower (11.6%) than in the placebo group (29.6%). Conclusion ASP1128 was safe and well-tolerated in patients at risk for AKI following cardiac surgery, but it did not show efficacy in renal endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Nojima
- Astellas Pharma Global Development Inc., Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Chieri Hayashi
- Astellas Pharma Global Development Inc., Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce A. Molitoris
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrew D. Shaw
- Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel T. Engelman
- Heart and Vascular Program, Baystate Health and University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A. Kellum
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Guan X, Li L, Zhang H, Wang X. The preoperative plasma histamine level as a possible protective biomarker for postoperative acute kidney injury. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32637. [PMID: 36607872 PMCID: PMC9829265 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening complication of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients. Increasing evidence suggests that histamine ameliorates the pathology of renal injury. However, data on the association between histamine levels and postoperative AKI in ATAAD patients are limited. The purpose of our study was to explore the incidence and independent risk factors of postoperative AKI, with special emphasis on the relationship between preoperative plasma histamine levels and the severity of postoperative ATAAD-AKI. This retrospective single-center study evaluated 160 patients with ATAAD admitted to the Beijing Anzhen Hospital aortic surgery database between April 2020 and December 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the potential risk factors for postoperative ATAAD-AKI. A subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the association between preoperative plasma histamine levels and the severity of postoperative ATAAD-AKI or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). ATAAD-AKI occurred in 84 of 160 patients (52.5%), including 32 with stage 1 (38.1%), 14 with stage 2 (16.7%), 38 with stage 3 (45.2%), and 34 (21.3%) received postoperative CRRT. The in-hospital mortality rate was 19.0% (16/84) in the AKI group and 2.6% (2/76) in the non-AKI group (P = .02). Preoperative lower plasma histamine levels (odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.52; P = .004) were an important factor related to postoperative ATAAD-AKI in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed that low preoperative plasma histamine level was independently associated with postoperative ATAAD-AKI (stage 3) (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.10-1.73; P = .005) and CRRT (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.13-1.79; P = .008). Low preoperative plasma histamine level was an independent prognostic indicator of postoperative AKI in patients with ATAAD, especially for postoperative AKI (stage 3) and CRRT. Preoperative plasma histamine levels may serve as potential protective biomarkers of postoperative ATAAD-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinLiang Guan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Vascular Prostheses, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Vascular Prostheses, Beijing, China
| | - HongJia Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Vascular Prostheses, Beijing, China
| | - XiaoLong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Vascular Prostheses, Beijing, China
- * Correspondence: XiaoLong Wang, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Vascular Prostheses, No.2 Anzhen Street, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail: )
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9
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Immunometabolic rewiring of tubular epithelial cells in kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:588-603. [PMID: 35798902 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Kidney tubular epithelial cells (TECs) have a crucial role in the damage and repair response to acute and chronic injury. To adequately respond to constant changes in the environment, TECs have considerable bioenergetic needs, which are supported by metabolic pathways. Although little is known about TEC metabolism, a number of ground-breaking studies have shown that defective glucose metabolism or fatty acid oxidation in the kidney has a key role in the response to kidney injury. Imbalanced use of these metabolic pathways can predispose TECs to apoptosis and dedifferentiation, and contribute to lipotoxicity and kidney injury. The accumulation of lipids and aberrant metabolic adaptations of TECs during kidney disease can also be driven by receptors of the innate immune system. Similar to their actions in innate immune cells, pattern recognition receptors regulate the metabolic rewiring of TECs, causing cellular dysfunction and lipid accumulation. TECs should therefore be considered a specialized cell type - like cells of the innate immune system - that is subject to regulation by immunometabolism. Targeting energy metabolism in TECs could represent a strategy for metabolically reprogramming the kidney and promoting kidney repair.
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A New Topical Candidate in Acne Treatment: Characterization of the Meclozine Hydrochloride as an Anti-Inflammatory Compound from In Vitro to a Preliminary Clinical Study. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050931. [PMID: 35625668 PMCID: PMC9138413 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory multifactorial disease involving the anaerobic bacterium Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes). Current acne treatments are associated with adverse effects, limiting treatment compliance and use. We showed that meclozine, an anti-histaminic H1 compound, has anti-inflammatory properties. In Vitro, meclozine reduced the production of CXCL8/IL-8 and IL-1β mRNA and protein by C. acnes-stimulated human keratinocytes and monocytes. No cell toxicity was observed at the IC50. Meclozine prevented the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In Vivo, 1% meclozine gel significantly decreased C. acnes-mouse ear induced inflammation by 26.7% (p = 0.021). Ex vivo experiments on human skin explants showed that meclozine decreased the production of GM-CSF, IL-1β and TNF-α at transcriptional and translational levels. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial on 60 volunteers, 2% meclozine pharmaceutical gel decreased by 20.1% (p < 0.001) the ASI score in the treated group after 12 weeks of treatment. No adverse event was reported. Together, these results indicate that meclozine is a potent topical anti-inflammatory compound of potential value for acne treatment.
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11
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Bejoy J, Qian ES, Woodard LE. Tissue Culture Models of AKI: From Tubule Cells to Human Kidney Organoids. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:487-501. [PMID: 35031569 PMCID: PMC8975068 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021050693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AKI affects approximately 13.3 million people around the world each year, causing CKD and/or mortality. The mammalian kidney cannot generate new nephrons after postnatal renal damage and regenerative therapies for AKI are not available. Human kidney tissue culture systems can complement animal models of AKI and/or address some of their limitations. Donor-derived somatic cells, such as renal tubule epithelial cells or cell lines (RPTEC/hTERT, ciPTEC, HK-2, Nki-2, and CIHP-1), have been used for decades to permit drug toxicity screening and studies into potential AKI mechanisms. However, tubule cell lines do not fully recapitulate tubular epithelial cell properties in situ when grown under classic tissue culture conditions. Improving tissue culture models of AKI would increase our understanding of the mechanisms, leading to new therapeutics. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be differentiated into kidney organoids and various renal cell types. Injury to human kidney organoids results in renal cell-type crosstalk and upregulation of kidney injury biomarkers that are difficult to induce in primary tubule cell cultures. However, current protocols produce kidney organoids that are not mature and contain off-target cell types. Promising bioengineering techniques, such as bioprinting and "kidney-on-a-chip" methods, as applied to kidney nephrotoxicity modeling advantages and limitations are discussed. This review explores the mechanisms and detection of AKI in tissue culture, with an emphasis on bioengineered approaches such as human kidney organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bejoy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Eddie S. Qian
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lauren E. Woodard
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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12
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Packialakshmi B, Stewart IJ, Burmeister DM, Chung KK, Zhou X. Large animal models for translational research in acute kidney injury. Ren Fail 2021; 42:1042-1058. [PMID: 33043785 PMCID: PMC7586719 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1830108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While extensive research using animal models has improved the understanding of acute kidney injury (AKI), this knowledge has not been translated into effective treatments. Many promising interventions for AKI identified in mice and rats have not been validated in subsequent clinical trials. As a result, the mortality rate of AKI patients remains high. Inflammation plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of AKI, and one reason for the failure to translate promising therapeutics may lie in the profound difference between the immune systems of rodents and humans. The immune systems of large animals such as swine, nonhuman primates, sheep, dogs and cats, more closely resemble the human immune system. Therefore, in the absence of a basic understanding of the pathophysiology of human AKI, large animals are attractive models to test novel interventions. However, there is a lack of reviews on large animal models for AKI in the literature. In this review, we will first highlight differences in innate and adaptive immunities among rodents, large animals, and humans in relation to AKI. After illustrating the potential merits of large animals in testing therapies for AKI, we will summarize the current state of the evidence in terms of what therapeutics have been tested in large animal models. The aim of this review is not to suggest that murine models are not valid to study AKI. Instead, our objective is to demonstrate that large animal models can serve as valuable and complementary tools in translating potential therapeutics into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian J Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David M Burmeister
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin K Chung
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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Mori Y, Ajay AK, Chang JH, Mou S, Zhao H, Kishi S, Li J, Brooks CR, Xiao S, Woo HM, Sabbisetti VS, Palmer SC, Galichon P, Li L, Henderson JM, Kuchroo VK, Hawkins J, Ichimura T, Bonventre JV. KIM-1 mediates fatty acid uptake by renal tubular cells to promote progressive diabetic kidney disease. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1042-1061.e7. [PMID: 33951465 PMCID: PMC8132466 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial abnormalities are predictive of the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and their targeting may be an effective means for prevention. Proximal tubular (PT) expression of kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, as well as blood and urinary levels, are increased early in human diabetes and can predict the rate of disease progression. Here, we report that KIM-1 mediates PT uptake of palmitic acid (PA)-bound albumin, leading to enhanced tubule injury with DNA damage, PT cell-cycle arrest, interstitial inflammation and fibrosis, and secondary glomerulosclerosis. Such injury can be ameliorated by genetic ablation of the KIM-1 mucin domain in a high-fat-fed streptozotocin mouse model of DKD. We also identified TW-37 as a small molecule inhibitor of KIM-1-mediated PA-albumin uptake and showed in vivo in a kidney injury model in mice that it ameliorates renal inflammation and fibrosis. Together, our findings support KIM-1 as a new therapeutic target for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Mori
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Amrendra K Ajay
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jae-Hyung Chang
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shan Mou
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Renal Division, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Seiji Kishi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Jiahua Li
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Craig R Brooks
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Center for Neurologic Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Celsius Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Heung-Myong Woo
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Venkata S Sabbisetti
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Suetonia C Palmer
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pierre Galichon
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li Li
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joel M Henderson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Center for Neurologic Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julie Hawkins
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Takaharu Ichimura
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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Sudarikova AV, Fomin MV, Yankelevich IA, Ilatovskaya DV. The implications of histamine metabolism and signaling in renal function. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14845. [PMID: 33932106 PMCID: PMC8087988 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential part of the immune response; it has been found to be central to the disruption of kidney function in acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, and other renal conditions. One of the well‐known mediators of the inflammatory response is histamine. Histamine receptors are expressed throughout different tissues, including the kidney, and their inhibition has proven to be a viable strategy for the treatment of many inflammation‐associated diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the role of histamine and its metabolism in the kidney. Establishing the importance of histamine signaling for kidney function will enable new approaches for the treatment of kidney diseases associated with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikhail V Fomin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Irina A Yankelevich
- St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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15
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Dual disruption of eNOS and ApoE gene accelerates kidney fibrosis and senescence after injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 556:142-148. [PMID: 33845306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between cellular senescence and fibrosis in the kidney is being elucidated and we have identified it as therapeutic target in recent studies. Chronic kidney disease has also become a lifestyle disease, often developing on the background of hypertension and dyslipidemia. In this study, we clarify the effect of interaction between these two conditions on kidney fibrosis and senescence. Wild type mice (WT), apolipoprotein E-/- mice (ApoEKO), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-/- ApoE-/- mice (DKO) were obtained by breeding. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was performed on 8-10 week old male mice and the degree of renal tubular injury, fibrosis and kidney senescence were evaluated. DKO manifested elevated blood pressure, higher total cholesterol and lower HDL than WT. DKO showed sustained kidney injury molecule-1 protein expression. Kidney fibrosis was significantly higher in ApoEKO and DKO. mRNA expression of genes related to kidney fibrosis was the highest in DKO. The mRNA expression of Zinc-α2-Glycoprotein and heme oxygenase-1 were significantly decreased in DKO. Furthermore, mRNA expression of p53, p21 and p16 were increased both in ApoEKO and DKO, with DKO being the highest. Senescence associated β-gal positive tubule area was significantly increased in DKO. Increased DNA damage and target of rapamycin-autophagy spatial coupling compartments (TASCCs) formation was found in DKO. Mice with endothelial dysfunction and dyslipidemia developed kidney fibrosis and accelerated senescence even in young mice after injury. These data highlight the fact managing lifestyle-related diseases from a young age is important for CKD prevention.
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16
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de Kok MJC, Schaapherder AF, Wüst RCI, Zuiderwijk M, Bakker JA, Lindeman JHN, Le Dévédec SE. Circumventing the Crabtree effect in cell culture: A systematic review. Mitochondrion 2021; 59:83-95. [PMID: 33812964 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction are central elements in a broad variety of physiological and pathological processes. While cell culture established itself as a versatile technique for the elaboration of physiology and disease, studying metabolism using standard cell culture protocols is profoundly interfered by the Crabtree effect. This phenomenon refers to the adaptation of cultured cells to a glycolytic phenotype, away from oxidative phosphorylation in glucose-containing medium, and questions the applicability of cell culture in certain fields of research. In this systematic review we aim to provide a comprehensive overview and critical appraisal of strategies reported to circumvent the Crabtree effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle J C de Kok
- Department of Surgery and Leiden Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander F Schaapherder
- Department of Surgery and Leiden Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Zuiderwijk
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Bakker
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H N Lindeman
- Department of Surgery and Leiden Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia E Le Dévédec
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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17
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Cardioprotective Natural Compound Pinocembrin Attenuates Acute Ischemic Myocardial Injury via Enhancing Glycolysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4850328. [PMID: 33178386 PMCID: PMC7644300 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4850328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Emerging evidence has shown that pinocembrin protects the myocardium from ischemic injury in animals. However, it is unknown whether it has cardioprotection when given at the onset of reperfusion. Also, mechanisms mediating the cardioprotective actions of pinocembrin were largely unknown. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the effects of pinocembrin postconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the underlying mechanisms. Methods The in vivo mouse model of myocardial I/R injury, ex vivo isolated rat heart with global I/R, and in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model for primary cardiomyocytes were used. Results We found that pinocembrin postconditioning significantly reduced the infarct size and improved cardiac contractile function after acute myocardial I/R. Mechanically, in primary cardiomyocytes, we found that pinocembrin may confer protection in part via direct stimulation of cardiac glycolysis via promoting the expression of the glycolytic enzyme, PFKFB3. Besides, PFKFB3 inhibition abolished pinocembrin-induced glycolysis and protection in cardiomyocytes. More importantly, PFKFB3 knockdown via cardiotropic adeno-associated virus (AAV) abrogated cardioprotective effects of pinocembrin. Moreover, we demonstrated that HIF1α is a key transcription factor driving pinocembrin-induced PFKFB3 expression in cardiomyocytes. Conclusions In conclusion, these results established that the acute cardioprotective benefits of pinocembrin are mediated in part via enhancing PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis via HIF1α, which may provide a new therapeutic target to impede the progression of myocardial I/R injury.
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18
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Salama AH, Elmotasem H, Salama AAA. Nanotechnology based blended chitosan-pectin hybrid for safe and efficient consolidative antiemetic and neuro-protective effect of meclizine hydrochloride in chemotherapy induced emesis. Int J Pharm 2020; 584:119411. [PMID: 32423876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to formulate an easily-administered, safe and effective dosage form loaded with meclizine for treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) through the buccal route. CINV comprises bothersome side effects accompanying cytotoxic drugs administration in cancer patients. Meclizine was loaded in chitosan-pectin nanoparticles which were further incorporated within a buccal film. Different formulations were prepared based on a 21.31 full factorial study using Design Expert®8. The optimum formulation possessed favorable characters regarding its particle size (129 nm), entrapment efficiency (90%) and release profile. Moreover, its permeation efficiency through sheep buccal mucosa was assessed via Franz cell diffusion and confocal laser microscopy methods. Enhanced permeation was achieved compared with the free drug form. In-vivo performance was assessed using cyclophosphamide induced emesis. The proposed formulation exerted significant relief of the measured responses (reduced body weight and motor coordination, elevated emesis, anorexia, proinflammatory mediators and neurotransmitters that were also associated with scattered degenerated neurons and glial cells). The developed formulation ameliorated all behavioral, biochemical and histopathological changes induced by cyclophosphamide. The obtained data were promising suggesting that our bioadhesive formulation can offer an auspicious medication for treating distressing symptoms associated with chemotherapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa H Salama
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6(th) of October City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Heba Elmotasem
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Abeer A A Salama
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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19
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Histamine receptor agonist alleviates severe cardiorenal damages by eliciting anti-inflammatory programming. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3150-3156. [PMID: 31992639 PMCID: PMC7022214 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909124117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure and chronic kidney disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality internationally. Although these dysfunctions are common and frequently coexist, the factors involved in their relationship in cardiorenal regulation are still largely unknown, mainly due to a lack of detailed molecular targets. Here, we found the increased plasma histamine in a preclinical mouse model of severe cardiac dysfunction, that had been cotreated with angiotensin II (Ang II), nephrectomy, and salt (ANS). The ANS mice exhibited impaired renal function accompanied with heart failure, and histamine depletion, by the genetic inactivation of histidine decarboxylase in mice, exacerbated the ANS-induced cardiac and renal abnormalities, including the reduction of left ventricular fractional shortening and renal glomerular and tubular injuries. Interestingly, while the pharmacological inhibition of the histamine receptor H3 facilitated heart failure and kidney injury in ANS mice, administration of the H3 agonist immethridine (Imm) was protective against cardiorenal damages. Transcriptome analysis of the kidney and biochemical examinations using blood samples illustrated that the increased inflammation in ANS mice was alleviated by Imm. Our results extend the pharmacological use of H3 agonists beyond the initial purposes of its drug development for neurogenerative diseases and have implications for therapeutic potential of H3 agonists that invoke the anti-inflammatory gene expression programming against cardiorenal damages.
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20
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Singh H, Sodhi RK, Chahal SK, Madan J. Meclizine ameliorates memory deficits in streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia in mice: role of nuclear pregnane X receptors. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:383-390. [PMID: 31935134 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pregnane X receptors (PXRs) regulate the expression of ATP-binding cassette proteins transporters and organic anion transporting polypeptides responsible for influx/efflux of xenobiotics across the brain. Ligand activation of PXR augments the expression of P-gp and promotes amyloid-β clearance across the blood-brain barrier. Dementia was induced in mice by intacerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (STZ) followed by treatment with meclizine, a PXR agonist, and subsequently exposed to the Morris water maze test and biochemical and histopathological analysis to evaluate the effect on cognition. STZ-treated mice exhibited significant enhancement in brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species, interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α, myeloperoxidase, and acetylcholinestrase activity in addition to diminution in glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity in comparison to untreated mice. Administration of meclizine to STZ mice recuperated cognition and biochemical alterations. Concomitant administration of ketoconazole, a PXR antagonist, with meclizine prevented the protective effects. The upshots of our study proclaim that meclizine protects cognitive deficits by virtue of its antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antiinflammatory properties. Results also signify the potential of PXR in neuroprotective actions of meclizine in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India.,Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Sodhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India.,Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India
| | - Simerjeet Kaur Chahal
- Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India.,Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India.,Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali (Punjab), India
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21
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Kishi S, Brooks CR, Taguchi K, Ichimura T, Mori Y, Akinfolarin A, Gupta N, Galichon P, Elias BC, Suzuki T, Wang Q, Gewin L, Morizane R, Bonventre JV. Proximal tubule ATR regulates DNA repair to prevent maladaptive renal injury responses. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4797-4816. [PMID: 31589169 PMCID: PMC6819104 DOI: 10.1172/jci122313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive proximal tubule (PT) repair has been implicated in kidney fibrosis through induction of cell-cycle arrest at G2/M. We explored the relative importance of the PT DNA damage response (DDR) in kidney fibrosis by genetically inactivating ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR), which is a sensor and upstream initiator of the DDR. In human chronic kidney disease, ATR expression inversely correlates with DNA damage. ATR was upregulated in approximately 70% of Lotus tetragonolobus lectin-positive (LTL+) PT cells in cisplatin-exposed human kidney organoids. Inhibition of ATR resulted in greater PT cell injury in organoids and cultured PT cells. PT-specific Atr-knockout (ATRRPTC-/-) mice exhibited greater kidney function impairment, DNA damage, and fibrosis than did WT mice in response to kidney injury induced by either cisplatin, bilateral ischemia-reperfusion, or unilateral ureteral obstruction. ATRRPTC-/- mice had more cells in the G2/M phase after injury than did WT mice after similar treatments. In conclusion, PT ATR activation is a key component of the DDR, which confers a protective effect mitigating the maladaptive repair and consequent fibrosis that follow kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kishi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Craig R. Brooks
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kensei Taguchi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Takaharu Ichimura
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yutaro Mori
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Akinwande Akinfolarin
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Navin Gupta
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pierre Galichon
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR S1155, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Bertha C. Elias
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tomohisa Suzuki
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leslie Gewin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ryuji Morizane
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph V. Bonventre
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Luo S, Coresh J, Tin A, Rebholz CM, Appel LJ, Chen J, Vasan RS, Anderson AH, Feldman HI, Kimmel PL, Waikar SS, Köttgen A, Evans AM, Levey AS, Inker LA, Sarnak MJ, Grams ME. Serum Metabolomic Alterations Associated with Proteinuria in CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 14:342-353. [PMID: 30733224 PMCID: PMC6419293 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.10010818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Data are scarce on blood metabolite associations with proteinuria, a strong risk factor for adverse kidney outcomes. We sought to investigate associations of proteinuria with serum metabolites identified using untargeted profiling in populations with CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Using stored serum samples from the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK; n=962) and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study (n=620), two rigorously conducted clinical trials with per-protocol measures of 24-hour proteinuria and GFR, we evaluated cross-sectional associations between urine protein-to-creatinine ratio and 637 known, nondrug metabolites, adjusting for key clinical covariables. Metabolites significantly associated with proteinuria were tested for associations with CKD progression. RESULTS In the AASK and the MDRD study, respectively, the median urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was 80 (interquartile range [IQR], 28-359) and 188 (IQR, 54-894) mg/g, mean age was 56 and 52 years, 39% and 38% were women, 100% and 7% were black, and median measured GFR was 48 (IQR, 35-57) and 28 (IQR, 18-39) ml/min per 1.73 m2. Linear regression identified 66 serum metabolites associated with proteinuria in one or both studies after Bonferroni correction (P<7.8×10-5), 58 of which were statistically significant in a meta-analysis (P<7.8×10-4). The metabolites with the lowest P values (P<10-27) were 4-hydroxychlorthalonil and 1,5-anhydroglucitol; all six quantified metabolites in the phosphatidylethanolamine pathway were also significant. Of the 58 metabolites associated with proteinuria, four were associated with ESKD in both the AASK and the MDRD study. CONCLUSIONS We identified 58 serum metabolites with cross-sectional associations with proteinuria, some of which were also associated with CKD progression. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2019_02_07_CJASNPodcast_19_03_.mp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Luo
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Josef Coresh
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Division of General Internal Medicine, and
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Division of General Internal Medicine, and
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jingsha Chen
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Division of General Internal Medicine, and
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Harold I Feldman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics and
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul L Kimmel
- Division of Kidney Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne M Evans
- Research and Development, Metabolon, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; and
| | - Andrew S Levey
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lesley A Inker
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark J Sarnak
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Morgan Erika Grams
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Division of General Internal Medicine, and
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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23
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Basu Ball W, Baker CD, Neff JK, Apfel GL, Lagerborg KA, Žun G, Petrovič U, Jain M, Gohil VM. Ethanolamine ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiolipin-deficient yeast cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:10870-10883. [PMID: 29866881 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a signature phospholipid of the mitochondria required for the formation of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) supercomplexes. The destabilization of MRC supercomplexes is the proximal cause of the pathology associated with the depletion of CL in patients with Barth syndrome. Thus, promoting supercomplex formation could ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction associated with CL depletion. However, to date, physiologically relevant small-molecule regulators of supercomplex formation have not been identified. Here, we report that ethanolamine (Etn) supplementation rescues the MRC defects by promoting supercomplex assembly in a yeast model of Barth syndrome. We discovered this novel role of Etn while testing the hypothesis that elevating mitochondrial phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a phospholipid suggested to overlap in function with CL, could compensate for CL deficiency. We found that the Etn supplementation rescues the respiratory growth of CL-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in a dose-dependent manner but independently of its incorporation into PE. The rescue was specifically dependent on Etn but not choline or serine, the other phospholipid precursors. Etn improved mitochondrial function by restoring the expression of MRC proteins and promoting supercomplex assembly in CL-deficient cells. Consistent with this mechanism, overexpression of Cox4, the MRC complex IV subunit, was sufficient to promote supercomplex formation in CL-deficient cells. Taken together, our work identifies a novel role of a ubiquitous metabolite, Etn, in attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction caused by CL deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Writoban Basu Ball
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Charli D Baker
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - John K Neff
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Gabriel L Apfel
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Kim A Lagerborg
- the Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Gašper Žun
- the Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and
| | - Uroš Petrovič
- the Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,the Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mohit Jain
- the Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843,
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24
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RTA-408 Protects Kidney from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice via Activating Nrf2 and Downstream GSH Biosynthesis Gene. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7612182. [PMID: 29435098 PMCID: PMC5757134 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7612182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia-reperfusion is a critical conundrum in many clinical settings. Here, this study aimed to determine whether and how RTA-408, a novel oleanane triterpenoid, could confer protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in male mice. Mice treated with RTA-408 undergoing unilateral ischemia followed by contralateral nephrectomy had improved renal function and histological outcome, as well as decreased apoptosis, ROS production, and oxidative injury marker compared with vehicle-treated mice. Also, we had found that RTA-408 could strengthen the total antioxidant capacity by increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation and subsequently increased Nrf2 downstream GSH-related antioxidant gene expression and activity. In vitro study demonstrated that GSH biosynthesis enzyme GCLc could be an important target of RTA-408. Furthermore, Nrf2-deficient mice treated with RTA-408 had no significant improvement in renal function, histology, ROS production, and GSH-related gene expression. Thus, by upregulating Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes, RTA-408 presents a novel and potential approach to renal IRI prevention and therapy.
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Guo J, Li W, Wu Y, Jing X, Huang J, Zhang J, Xiang W, Ren R, Lv Z, Xiao J, Guo F. Meclizine Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss and Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis Partially by Upregulating PXR. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:693. [PMID: 29046637 PMCID: PMC5632684 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) which belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily plays vital roles in several biological functions, especially in the inflammatory procedure. Besides that, PXR is revealed by recent studies to have essential effects on bone tissue. As an agonist of PXR, meclizine is a piperazine-derived histamine H1 antagonist, and has been frequently used for prevention and treatment of vomiting and nausea. Because osteoclastogenesis is characterized by the activation of inflammation-related signaling pathways, we speculated that meclizine may affect formation and function of osteoclast. In the present study, we explored the effect of meclizine on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. In primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), meclizine reduced osteoclast formation and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner, while knockdown of PXR with siRNA partially abrogated the osteoclastogenesis inhibition of meclizine. On the one hand, at the molecular level, meclizine attenuated RANKL-induced activation of c-Fos, NFATc1, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), including ERK and p38, but not JNK. Meanwhile, meclizine reduced the expression of osteoclast-specific genes, including TRAP, MMP9, Cathepsin K and NFATc1. On the other hand, meclizine decreased OVX-induced bone loss by repressing osteoclast activity. In conclusion, our results indicated that meclizine inhibits osteoclastogenesis via regulation of several RANKL signaling pathways and PXR was involved in the processes. Therefore, meclizine may be considered as a novel therapeutic candidate for osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingxing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingzhi Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ranyue Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengtao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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26
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Martin-Lorenzo M, Gonzalez-Calero L, Ramos-Barron A, Sanchez-Niño MD, Gomez-Alamillo C, García-Segura JM, Ortiz A, Arias M, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G. Urine metabolomics insight into acute kidney injury point to oxidative stress disruptions in energy generation and H 2S availability. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1399-1409. [PMID: 28975359 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the main complications in acute care medicine and a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). AKI incidence has increased; however, its diagnosis has limitations and physiopathological mechanisms are underexplored. We investigated urine samples, aiming to identify major metabolite changes during human AKI evolution. Metabolic signatures found were further explored for a potential link to severity of injury. Twenty-four control subjects and 38 hospitalized patients with AKI were recruited and urine samples were collected at the time of diagnosis, during follow-up and at discharge. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used in a first discovery phase for identifying potential metabolic differences. Target metabolites of interest were confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in an independent group. Underlying metabolic defects were further explored by kidney transcriptomics of murine toxic AKI. Urinary 2-hydroxybutyric acid, pantothenic acid, and hippuric acid were significantly downregulated and urinary N-acetylneuraminic acid, phosphoethanolamine, and serine were upregulated during AKI. Hippuric acid, phosphoethanolamine, and serine showed further downregulation/upregulation depending on the metabolite in acute tubular necrosis (ATN) AKI compared to prerenal AKI. Kidney transcriptomics disclosed decreased expression of cystathionase, cystathionine-β-synthase, and ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, and increased N-acetylneuraminate synthase as the potentially underlying cause of changes in urinary metabolites. A urinary metabolite panel identified AKI patients and provided insight into intrarenal events. A urine fingerprint made up of six metabolites may be related to pathophysiological changes in oxidative stress, energy generation, and H2S availability associated with AKI. KEY MESSAGES The urinary metabolome reflects AKI evolution and severity of injury. Kidney transcriptomics revealed enzymatic expression changes. Enzymatic expression changes may be the potentially underlying cause of changes in urine metabolites. Identified metabolite changes link oxidative stress, energy generation, and H2S availability to AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martin-Lorenzo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Angeles Ramos-Barron
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Maria D Sanchez-Niño
- Department of Nephrology/IRSIN, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Gomez-Alamillo
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel García-Segura
- CAI-RMN, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology/IRSIN, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Arias
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Cisplatin Toxicity in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Is Relieved by Meclizine via Diminution of Mitochondrial Compromise and Improved Clearance of DNA Damage. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7883-7895. [PMID: 27858292 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity of peripheral nervous system (PNS) hinders efficacy of cancer treatments. Mechanisms initiating PNS injury by anticancer drugs are incompletely understood delaying development of effective management strategies. To understand events triggered in PNS by cancer drugs, we exposed dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to cisplatin, a drug from platinum-based class of chemotherapeutics frequently implicated in peripheral neuropathies. While cisplatin enters cancer cells and forms cisplatin/DNA crosslinks that block cell proliferation, circulating cisplatin can also reach the PNS and produce crosslinks that impede critical DNA transactions in postmitotic neurons. Cisplatin forms crosslinks with both, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Crosslinks are repairable primarily via the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, which is present in nuclei but absent from mitochondrial compartment. Hence, high mitochondrial content and limited shielding by blood nerve barrier make DRG neurons particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial injury by cisplatin. We report that in DRG neurons, cisplatin elevates reactive oxygen species, depletes mtDNA, and impairs mitochondrial respiration, whereas concomitant meclizine supplementation preserves redox balance, attenuates mitochondrial compromise, and augments DNA repair. Meclizine is an antihistamine drug recently implicated in neuroprotection via modulation of energy metabolism. Our data demonstrate that in the mitochondria-rich DRG neurons, meclizine mitigates cisplatin-induced mitochondrial compromise via enhancement of pentose phosphate pathway and repletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and glutathione stores. The findings suggest that meclizine-mediated preservation of redox balance sustains mitochondrial respiration and supports execution of cellular processes, including timely removal of cisplatin crosslinks from nuclear DNA, thereby attenuating cisplatin toxicity in DRG neurons. Collectively, the findings reveal potential for pharmacologic modulation of dorsal root ganglion neurons metabolism for protection against toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs.
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28
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Zhuo M, Gorgun MF, Englander EW. Augmentation of glycolytic metabolism by meclizine is indispensable for protection of dorsal root ganglion neurons from hypoxia-induced mitochondrial compromise. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 99:20-31. [PMID: 27458119 PMCID: PMC5538108 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
To meet energy demands, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons harbor high mitochondrial content, which renders them acutely vulnerable to disruptions of energy homeostasis. While neurons typically rely on mitochondrial energy production and have not been associated with metabolic plasticity, new studies reveal that meclizine, a drug, recently linked to modulations of energy metabolism, protects neurons from insults that disrupt energy homeostasis. We show that meclizine rapidly enhances glycolysis in DRG neurons and that glycolytic metabolism is indispensable for meclizine-exerted protection of DRG neurons from hypoxic stress. We report that supplementation of meclizine during hypoxic exposure prevents ATP depletion, preserves NADPH and glutathione stores, curbs reactive oxygen species (ROS) and attenuates mitochondrial clustering in DRG neurites. Using extracellular flux analyzer, we show that in cultured DRG neurons meclizine mitigates hypoxia-induced loss of mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Respiratory capacity is a measure of mitochondrial fitness and cell ability to meet fluctuating energy demands and therefore, a key determinant of cellular fate. While meclizine is an 'old' drug with long record of clinical use, its ability to modulate energy metabolism has been uncovered only recently. Our findings documenting neuroprotection by meclizine in a setting of hypoxic stress reveal previously unappreciated metabolic plasticity of DRG neurons as well as potential for pharmacological harnessing of the newly discovered metabolic plasticity for protection of peripheral nervous system under mitochondria compromising conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhuo
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Murat F Gorgun
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ella W Englander
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Subedi A, Futamura Y, Nishi M, Ryo A, Watanabe N, Osada H. High-throughput screening identifies artesunate as selective inhibitor of cancer stemness: Involvement of mitochondrial metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:737-742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Defective postreperfusion metabolic recovery directly associates with incident delayed graft function. Kidney Int 2016; 90:181-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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31
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Rongen GA. High Dose Meclizine Prevents Renal Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Healthy Male Mice. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1012-3. [PMID: 26501091 PMCID: PMC4588439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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