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Yamamoto T, Isaka Y. Pathological mechanisms of kidney disease in ageing. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024:10.1038/s41581-024-00868-4. [PMID: 39025993 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The kidney is a metabolically active organ that requires energy to drive processes such as tubular reabsorption and secretion, and shows a decline in function with advancing age. Various molecular mechanisms, including genomic instability, telomere attrition, inflammation, autophagy, mitochondrial function, and changes to the sirtuin and Klotho signalling pathways, are recognized regulators of individual lifespan and pivotal factors that govern kidney ageing. Thus, mechanisms that contribute to ageing not only dictate renal outcomes but also exert a substantial influence over life expectancy. Conversely, kidney dysfunction, in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD), precipitates an expedited ageing trajectory in individuals, leading to premature ageing and a disconnect between biological and chronological age. As CKD advances, age-related manifestations such as frailty become increasingly conspicuous. Hence, the pursuit of healthy ageing necessitates not only the management of age-related complications but also a comprehensive understanding of the processes and markers that underlie systemic ageing. Here, we examine the hallmarks of ageing, focusing on the mechanisms by which they affect kidney health and contribute to premature organ ageing. We also review diagnostic methodologies and interventions for premature ageing, with special consideration given to the potential of emerging therapeutic avenues to target age-related kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Chaurembo AI, Xing N, Chanda F, Li Y, Zhang HJ, Fu LD, Huang JY, Xu YJ, Deng WH, Cui HD, Tong XY, Shu C, Lin HB, Lin KX. Mitofilin in cardiovascular diseases: Insights into the pathogenesis and potential pharmacological interventions. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107164. [PMID: 38569981 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is increasing. However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. Mitochondria produce cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation while regulating calcium homeostasis, cellular respiration, and the production of biosynthetic chemicals. Nevertheless, problems related to cardiac energy metabolism, defective mitochondrial proteins, mitophagy, and structural changes in mitochondrial membranes can cause cardiovascular diseases via mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitofilin is a critical inner mitochondrial membrane protein that maintains cristae structure and facilitates protein transport while linking the inner mitochondrial membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane, and mitochondrial DNA transcription. Researchers believe that mitofilin may be a therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly cardiac mitochondrial dysfunctions. In this review, we highlight current findings regarding the role of mitofilin in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and potential therapeutic compounds targeting mitofilin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Iddy Chaurembo
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Xing
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Francis Chanda
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li-Dan Fu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-Jing Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Hui Deng
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Dong Cui
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin-Yue Tong
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Shu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Food Science College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Han-Bin Lin
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Kai-Xuan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Cao H, Zhou X, Xu B, Hu H, Guo J, Wang M, Li N, Jun Z. Advances in the study of mitophagy in osteoarthritis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:197-211. [PMID: 38453635 PMCID: PMC10918408 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling, is among the most common musculoskeletal disorders globally in people over 60 years of age. The initiation and progression of OA involves the abnormal metabolism of chondrocytes as an important pathogenic process. Cartilage degeneration features mitochondrial dysfunction as one of the important causative factors of abnormal chondrocyte metabolism. Therefore, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is an important strategy to mitigate OA. Mitophagy is a vital process for autophagosomes to target, engulf, and remove damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria, thereby maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Cumulative studies have revealed a strong association between mitophagy and OA, suggesting that the regulation of mitophagy may be a novel therapeutic direction for OA. By reviewing the literature on mitophagy and OA published in recent years, this paper elaborates the potential mechanism of mitophagy regulating OA, thus providing a theoretical basis for studies related to mitophagy to develop new treatment options for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cao
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Han Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zou Jun
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Yao D, Chen E, Li Y, Wang K, Liao Z, Li M, Huang L. The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and their crosstalk in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Signal 2024; 114:110986. [PMID: 38007189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a pervasive global health issue. Roughly 40% of LBP cases are attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). While the underlying mechanisms of IVDD remain incompletely understood, it has been confirmed that apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation caused by many factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis imbalance leads to IVDD. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in these processes. The initiation of ER stress precipitates cell apoptosis, and is also related to inflammation, levels of oxidative stress, and Ca2+ homeostasis. Additionally, mitochondrial dynamics, antioxidative systems, disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis are closely associated with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and inflammation, promoting cell apoptosis. However, numerous crosstalk exists between the ER and mitochondria, where they interact through inflammatory cytokines, signaling pathways, ROS, or key molecules such as CHOP, forming positive and negative feedback loops. Furthermore, the contact sites between the ER and mitochondria, known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), facilitate direct signal transduction such as Ca2+ transfer. However, the current attention towards this issue is insufficient. Therefore, this review summarizes the impacts of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction on IVDD, along with the possibly potential crosstalk between them, aiming to unveil novel avenues for IVDD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengbo Yao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Enming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Zhuangyao Liao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China..
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Wang R, Liu L, Min L, Adetunji AO, Kou X, Zhou K, Zhu Z. Mitochonic Acid 5 Increases Ram Sperm Quality by Improving Mitochondrial Function during Storage at 4 °C. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:368. [PMID: 38338011 PMCID: PMC10854625 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Semen preservation involves lengthening sperm's fertile lifespan without any detrimental effects on its biochemical, functional, and ultrastructural properties. Liquid storage at 4 °C is a ram sperm preservation method. However, this method of storage causes irreversible damage due to cold shocks, osmotic stresses, oxidative stresses, and reductions in sperm metabolism. The present study aims to investigate whether the supplementation of mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) in a sperm extender could improve chilled ram sperm quality and elucidate its mechanism of action. Ram sperm were diluted with a tris-citrate-glucose extender containing different concentrations of MA-5 (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 nM) and stored at 4 °C for up to 48 h. Sperm motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, ATP content, and the expression of NADPH dehydrogenase subunits 1 (MT-ND1) and NADPH dehydrogenase subunits 6 (MT-ND6) were evaluated. It was observed that compared to the control, the 10 nM MA-5 treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased total motility (82 ± 3.5% vs. 76 ± 5.9%), progressive motility (67.6 ± 8.2% vs. 51 ± 8.3%), and other parameters (straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), and curvilinear velocity (VCL)). In addition, 10 nM MA-5 supplementation also improved ram sperm membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity as well increased mitochondrial membrane potential (51.1 ± 0.7% vs. 37.7 ± 1.3%), reduced ROS levels, and elevated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents. Furthermore, a Western blot analysis demonstrated that the addition of MA-5 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression of MT-ND1 and MT-ND6 proteins in ram sperm, with the 10 nM MA-5 treatment resulting in the highest expression level. These results suggest that MA-5 improves ram sperm quality by maintaining high sperm mitochondrial function during liquid storage at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Luwei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lingjiang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Adedeji O. Adetunji
- Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA
| | - Xin Kou
- Hongde Livestock Farm, Yingli Town, Shuoguang 262717, China
| | - Kaifeng Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
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Wang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Focus on Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain: Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Renal Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:949. [PMID: 38256023 PMCID: PMC10815764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The function of the respiratory chain is closely associated with kidney function, and the dysfunction of the respiratory chain is a primary pathophysiological change in chronic kidney failure. The incidence of chronic kidney failure caused by defects in respiratory-chain-related genes has frequently been overlooked. Correcting abnormal metabolic reprogramming, rescuing the "toxic respiratory chain", and targeting the clearance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are potential therapies for treating chronic kidney failure. These treatments have shown promising results in slowing fibrosis and inflammation progression and improving kidney function in various animal models of chronic kidney failure and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The mitochondrial respiratory chain is a key target worthy of attention in the treatment of chronic kidney failure. This review integrated research related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain and chronic kidney failure, primarily elucidating the pathological status of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in chronic kidney failure and potential therapeutic drugs. It provided new ideas for the treatment of kidney failure and promoted the development of drugs targeting the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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Nakayama M, Kabayama S, Miyazaki M. Application of Electrolyzed Hydrogen Water for Management of Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Treatment-Perspective View. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:90. [PMID: 38247514 PMCID: PMC10812465 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is globally on the rise, has become an urgent challenge from the perspective of public health, given its risk factors such as end-stage renal failure, cardiovascular diseases, and infections. The pathophysiology of CKD, including dialysis patients, is deeply associated with enhanced oxidative stress in both the kidneys and the entire body. Therefore, the introduction of a safe and widely applicable antioxidant therapy is expected as a measure against CKD. Electrolyzed hydrogen water (EHW) generated through the electrolysis of water has been confirmed to possess chemical antioxidant capabilities. In Japan, devices producing this water have become popular for household drinking water. In CKD model experiments conducted to date, drinking EHW has been shown to suppress the progression of kidney damage related to hypertension. Furthermore, clinical studies have reported that systemic oxidative stress in patients undergoing dialysis treatment using EHW is suppressed, leading to a reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular complications. In the future, considering EHW as one of the comprehensive measures against CKD holds significant importance. The medical utility of EHW is believed to be substantial, and further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Nakayama
- Kidney Center, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; (S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Shigeru Kabayama
- Division of Blood Purification, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; (S.K.); (M.M.)
- Graduate School of Science, Technology & Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Nihon Trim Co., Ltd., Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Mariko Miyazaki
- Division of Blood Purification, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; (S.K.); (M.M.)
- Division of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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Belosludtseva NV, Matveeva LA, Belosludtsev KN. Mitochondrial Dyshomeostasis as an Early Hallmark and a Therapeutic Target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16833. [PMID: 38069154 PMCID: PMC10706047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal multisystem disease characterized by progressive death of motor neurons, loss of muscle mass, and impaired energy metabolism. More than 40 genes are now known to be associated with ALS, which together account for the majority of familial forms of ALS and only 10% of sporadic ALS cases. To date, there is no consensus on the pathogenesis of ALS, which makes it difficult to develop effective therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondria, which play an important role in cellular homeostasis, are the earliest targets in ALS, and abnormalities in their structure and functions contribute to the development of bioenergetic stress and disease progression. Mitochondria are known to be highly dynamic organelles, and their stability is maintained through a number of key regulatory pathways. Mitochondrial homeostasis is dynamically regulated via mitochondrial biogenesis, clearance, fission/fusion, and trafficking; however, the processes providing "quality control" and distribution of the organelles are prone to dysregulation in ALS. Here, we systematically summarized changes in mitochondrial turnover, dynamics, calcium homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial transport and functions to provide in-depth insights into disease progression pathways, which may have a significant impact on current symptomatic therapies and personalized treatment programs for patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Lyudmila A. Matveeva
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia;
| | - Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia;
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Hirano SI, Ichikawa Y, Sato B, Takefuji Y, Satoh F. Clinical Use and Treatment Mechanism of Molecular Hydrogen in the Treatment of Various Kidney Diseases including Diabetic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2817. [PMID: 37893190 PMCID: PMC10603947 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As diabetes rates surge globally, there is a corresponding rise in the number of patients suffering from diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a common complication of diabetes. DKD is a significant contributor to chronic kidney disease, often leading to end-stage renal failure. However, the effectiveness of current medical treatments for DKD leaves much to be desired. Molecular hydrogen (H2) is an antioxidant that selectively reduces hydroxyl radicals, a reactive oxygen species with a very potent oxidative capacity. Recent studies have demonstrated that H2 not only possesses antioxidant properties but also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, regulates cell lethality, and modulates signal transduction. Consequently, it is now being utilized in clinical applications. Many factors contribute to the onset and progression of DKD, with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation being strongly implicated. Recent preclinical and clinical trials reported that substances with antioxidant properties may slow the progression of DKD. Hence, we undertook a comprehensive review of the literature focusing on animal models and human clinical trials where H2 demonstrated effectiveness against a variety of renal diseases. The collective evidence from this literature review, along with our previous findings, suggests that H2 may have therapeutic benefits for patients with DKD by enhancing mitochondrial function. To substantiate these findings, future large-scale clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Hirano
- Department of Research and Development, MiZ Company Limited, 2-19-15 Ofuna, Kamakura 247-0056, Japan; (Y.I.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Yusuke Ichikawa
- Department of Research and Development, MiZ Company Limited, 2-19-15 Ofuna, Kamakura 247-0056, Japan; (Y.I.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Bunpei Sato
- Department of Research and Development, MiZ Company Limited, 2-19-15 Ofuna, Kamakura 247-0056, Japan; (Y.I.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Yoshiyasu Takefuji
- Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan;
- Faculty of Data Science, Musashino University, 3-3-3 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8181, Japan
| | - Fumitake Satoh
- Department of Research and Development, MiZ Company Limited, 2-19-15 Ofuna, Kamakura 247-0056, Japan; (Y.I.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
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Zha W, Zhao Q, Xiao Y, Gan Y, Wei J, Yu M, Xu Y, Xu Q, Wu S, Yu W. Mitochonic acid 5 rescues cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced toxicity via repressing the TNF-α/NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110736. [PMID: 37549513 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-tumor drug, but the cardiotoxicity severely limits its clinical use. Interestingly, a hypothesis has emerged suggesting an association between DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and mitochondrial disorders and oxidative stress. The mitochonic acid 5 (MA5) shows promise in alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction by promoting mitochondrial ATP synthesis and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, though its potential in ameliorating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains elusive. METHODS Network pharmacology approach, molecular docking techniques, and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) were used to reveal the specific drug targets and pharmaceutical mechanisms involved in the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity using MA5. For experimental verification, cardiomyocytes (H9c2) and mice were exposed to DOX in the presence or absence of MA5. Our investigation involved the assessment of echocardiographic parameters, cardiac enzymes, inflammatory factors, mitochondrial function, myocardial structure, and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. RESULTS Among the 100 core targets identified in network pharmacology, MA5 was pharmacologically active against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity via pathways implicated in cancer, prostate cancer, lipids and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that MA5 docked well with TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and caspase-3. Furthermore, MA5 exhibited a stronger affinity toward TNF-α than IL-6 and caspase-3. Subsequent MDS revealed the stability of binding between MA5 and TNF-α. The DOX-challenged mice also displayed abnormal myocardial enzymogram, disrupted systolic and diastolic function, and elevated inflammation and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, which could be mitigated by the administration of MA5. Similarly, H9c2 cells exposed to DOX showed increased intracellular ROS production and impaired mitochondrial function, which were relieved by MA5 treatment. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that MA5 attenuates DOX-induced cardiac anomalies through the TNF-α-mediated regulation of inflammation and pyroptosis. These insights offer a potential therapeutic strategy for managing DOX-induced cardiac complications, thereby improving the safety and efficacy of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Zha
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010000, China
| | - Ye Xiao
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Mengqi Yu
- The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yanmei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qiongyao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Shi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
| | - Wei Yu
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
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Oshita T, Watanabe S, Toyohara T, Kujirai R, Kikuchi K, Suzuki T, Suzuki C, Matsumoto Y, Wada J, Tomioka Y, Tanaka T, Abe T. Urinary growth differentiation factor 15 predicts renal function decline in diabetic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12508. [PMID: 37532799 PMCID: PMC10397309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitive biomarkers can enhance the diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance of chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Plasma growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels are a novel biomarker for mitochondria-associated diseases; however, it may not be a useful indicator for CKD as its levels increase with declining renal function. This study explores urinary GDF15's potential as a marker for CKD. The plasma and urinary GDF15 as well as 15 uremic toxins were measured in 103 patients with CKD. The relationship between the urinary GDF15-creatinine ratio and the uremic toxins and other clinical characteristics was investigated. Urinary GDF15-creatinine ratios were less related to renal function and uremic toxin levels compared to plasma GDF15. Additionally, the ratios were significantly higher in patients with CKD patients with diabetes (p = 0.0012) and reduced with statin treatment. In a different retrospective DKD cohort study (U-CARE, n = 342), multiple and logistic regression analyses revealed that the baseline urinary GDF15-creatinine ratios predicted a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 2 years. Compared to the plasma GDF15 level, the urinary GDF15-creatinine ratio is less dependent on renal function and sensitively fluctuates with diabetes and statin treatment. It may serve as a good prognostic marker for renal function decline in patients with DKD similar to the urine albumin-creatinine ratio.
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Grants
- 18H02822 National Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 20K20604 National Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 21H02932 National Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 21K08245 National Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 20ek0210133h0001 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- 20ak0101127h0001 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- 23ek0210168h0001 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- 22zf0127001h0002 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
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Affiliation(s)
- Toma Oshita
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takafumi Toyohara
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
- Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Ryota Kujirai
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichi Kikuchi
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chitose Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yotaro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tomioka
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
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12
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Wu X, Seida M, Abe T, Higashitani A. Mitochonic acid 5 attenuates age-related neuromuscular dysfunction associated with mitochondrial Ca 2+ overload in Caenorhabditis elegans. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:20. [PMID: 37528117 PMCID: PMC10394014 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates the pathophysiology of human mitochondrial-disease fibroblasts and Caenorhabditis elegans Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's disease models. Here, we found that 10 μM MA-5 attenuates the age-related decline in motor performance, loss of muscle mitochondria, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons associated with mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in C. elegans. These findings suggest that MA-5 may act as an anti-aging agent against a wide range of neuromuscular dysfunctions in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinTong Wu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Miku Seida
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
| | - Atsushi Higashitani
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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13
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Gorący A, Rosik J, Szostak J, Szostak B, Retfiński S, Machaj F, Pawlik A. Improving mitochondrial function in preclinical models of heart failure: therapeutic targets for future clinical therapies? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:593-608. [PMID: 37477241 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2240021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from the unsuccessful compensation of symptoms of myocardial damage. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a process that occurs because of an attempt to adapt to the disruption of metabolic and energetic pathways occurring in the myocardium. This, in turn, leads to further dysfunction in cardiomyocyte processes. Currently, many therapeutic strategies have been implemented to improve mitochondrial function, but their effectiveness varies widely. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on new models of therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial function in the treatment of heart failure. EXPERT OPINION Therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria appear to be a valuable option for treating heart failure. Currently, the greatest challenge is to develop new research models that could restore the disrupted metabolic processes in mitochondria as comprehensively as possible. Only the development of therapies that focus on improving as many dysregulated mitochondrial processes as possible in patients with heart failure will be able to bring the expected clinical improvement, along with inhibition of disease progression. Combined strategies involving the reduction of the effects of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, appear to be a promising possibility for developing new therapies for a complex and multifactorial disease such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gorący
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Szostak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Szymon Retfiński
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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14
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Yang Z, Zhou Z, Si T, Zhou Z, Zhou L, Chin YR, Zhang L, Guan X, Yang M. High Throughput Confined Migration Microfluidic Device for Drug Screening. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207194. [PMID: 36634971 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death. Excessive extracellular matrix deposition and increased stiffness are typical features of solid tumors, creating confined spaces for tumor cell migration and metastasis. Confined migration is involved in all metastasis steps. However, confined and unconfined migration inhibitors are different and drugs available to inhibit confined migration are rare. The main challenges are the modeling of confined migration, the suffering of low throughput, and others. Microfluidic device has the advantage to reduce reagent consumption and enhance throughput. Here, a microfluidic chip that can achieve multi-function drug screening against the collective migration of cancer cells under confined environment is designed. This device is applied to screen out effective drugs on confined migration among a novel mechanoreceptors compound library (166 compounds) in hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small lung cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Three compounds that can significantly inhibit confined migration in pan-cancer: mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5), SB-705498, and diphenyleneiodonium chloride are found. Finally, it is elucidated that these drugs targeted mitochondria, actin polymerization, and cell viability, respectively. In sum, a high-throughput microfluidic platform for screening drugs targeting confined migration is established and three novel inhibitors of confined migration in multiple cancer types are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Zhihang Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Tongxu Si
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Zhengdong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Y Rebecca Chin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
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15
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Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Human Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030478. [PMID: 36979413 PMCID: PMC10046667 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in science and technology have improved our quality of life, enabling us to tackle diseases and increase human life expectancy. However, longevity is accompanied by an accretion in the frequency of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, creating a growing burden, with pervasive social impact for human societies. The cost of managing such chronic disorders and the lack of effective treatments highlight the need to decipher their molecular and genetic underpinnings, in order to discover new therapeutic targets. In this effort, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans serves as a powerful tool to recapitulate several disease-related phenotypes and provides a highly malleable genetic model that allows the implementation of multidisciplinary approaches, in addition to large-scale genetic and pharmacological screens. Its anatomical transparency allows the use of co-expressed fluorescent proteins to track the progress of neurodegeneration. Moreover, the functional conservation of neuronal processes, along with the high homology between nematode and human genomes, render C. elegans extremely suitable for the study of human neurodegenerative disorders. This review describes nematode models used to study neurodegeneration and underscores their contribution in the effort to dissect the molecular basis of human diseases and identify novel gene targets with therapeutic potential.
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16
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Suzuki N, Nishiyama A, Warita H, Aoki M. Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: seeking therapeutic targets in the era of gene therapy. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:131-152. [PMID: 35691950 PMCID: PMC9968660 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intractable disease that causes respiratory failure leading to mortality. The main locus of ALS is motor neurons. The success of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motor neuron disease, has triggered a paradigm shift in developing ALS therapies. The causative genes of ALS and disease-modifying genes, including those of sporadic ALS, have been identified one after another. Thus, the freedom of target choice for gene therapy has expanded by ASO strategy, leading to new avenues for therapeutic development. Tofersen for superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) was a pioneer in developing ASO for ALS. Improving protocols and devising early interventions for the disease are vital. In this review, we updated the knowledge of causative genes in ALS. We summarized the genetic mutations identified in familial ALS and their clinical features, focusing on SOD1, fused in sarcoma (FUS), and transacting response DNA-binding protein. The frequency of the C9ORF72 mutation is low in Japan, unlike in Europe and the United States, while SOD1 and FUS are more common, indicating that the target mutations for gene therapy vary by ethnicity. A genome-wide association study has revealed disease-modifying genes, which could be the novel target of gene therapy. The current status and prospects of gene therapy development were discussed, including ethical issues. Furthermore, we discussed the potential of axonal pathology as new therapeutic targets of ALS from the perspective of early intervention, including intra-axonal transcription factors, neuromuscular junction disconnection, dysregulated local translation, abnormal protein degradation, mitochondrial pathology, impaired axonal transport, aberrant cytoskeleton, and axon branching. We simultaneously discuss important pathological states of cell bodies: persistent stress granules, disrupted nucleocytoplasmic transport, and cryptic splicing. The development of gene therapy based on the elucidation of disease-modifying genes and early intervention in molecular pathology is expected to become an important therapeutic strategy in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
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17
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Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010088. [PMID: 36611880 PMCID: PMC9818928 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney contains many mitochondria that generate ATP to provide energy for cellular processes. Oxidative stress injury can be caused by impaired mitochondria with excessive levels of reactive oxygen species. Accumulating evidence has indicated a relationship between oxidative stress and kidney diseases, and revealed new insights into mitochondria-targeted therapeutics for renal injury. Improving mitochondrial homeostasis, increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, and balancing mitochondrial turnover has the potential to protect renal function against oxidative stress. Although there are some reviews that addressed this issue, the articles summarizing the relationship between mitochondria-targeted effects and the risk factors of renal failure are still few. In this review, we integrate recent studies on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in kidney diseases, especially chronic kidney disease. We organized the causes and risk factors of oxidative stress in the kidneys based in their mitochondria-targeted effects. This review also listed the possible candidates for clinical therapeutics of kidney diseases by modulating mitochondrial function.
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18
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Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis Revealed Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Related Genes Underlying Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1372483. [PMID: 36267810 PMCID: PMC9578809 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1372483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). We aim to explore the pathways and key genes that cause mitochondrial dysfunction during IDD and to further reveal the pathogenesis of IDD based on bioinformatic analyses. Methods Datasets GSE70362 and GSE124272 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of mitochondrial dysfunction between IDD patients and healthy controls were screened by package limma package. Critical genes were identified by adopting gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. We collected both degenerated and normal disc tissues obtained surgically, and we performed western blot and qPCR to verify the key DEGs identified in intervertebral disc tissues. Results In total, 40 cases of IDD and 24 healthy controls were included. We identified 152 DEGs, including 67 upregulated genes and 85 downregulated genes. Four genes related to mitochondrial dysfunction (SOX9, FLVCR1, NR5A1 and UCHL1) were screened out. Of them, SOX9, FLVCR1, and UCHL1 were down-regulated in peripheral blood and intervertebral disc tissues of IDD patients, while NR5A1 was up-regulated. The analysis of immune infiltration showed the concentrations of mast cells activated were significantly the highest in IDD patients. Compared with the control group, the level of T cells CD4 memory resting was the lowest in the patients. In addition, 24 cases of IDD tissues and 12 cases of normal disc tissues were obtained to verify the results of bioinformatics analysis. Both western blot and qPCR results were consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion We identified four genes (SOX9, FLVCR1, NR5A1 and UCHL1) associated with mitochondrial dysfunction that play an important role in the progress of disc degeneration. The identification of these differential genes may provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of IDD.
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Mitochonic Acid 5 Improves Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Parkinson’s Disease Model of Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179572. [PMID: 36076995 PMCID: PMC9455831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochonic Acid 5 (MA-5) enhances mitochondrial ATP production, restores fibroblasts from mitochondrial disease patients and extends the lifespan of the disease model “Mitomouse”. Additionally, MA-5 interacts with mitofilin and modulates the mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system (MINOS) in mammalian cultured cells. Here, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate whether MA-5 improves the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) model. Firstly, we confirmed the efficient penetration of MA-5 in the mitochondria of C. elegans. MA-5 also alleviated symptoms such as movement decline, muscular tone, mitochondrial fragmentation and Ca2+ accumulation of the DMD model. To assess the effect of MA-5 on mitochondria perturbation, we employed a low concentration of rotenone with or without MA-5. MA-5 significantly suppressed rotenone-induced mitochondria reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, mitochondrial network fragmentation and nuclear destruction in body wall muscles as well as endogenous ATP levels decline. In addition, MA-5 suppressed rotenone-induced degeneration of dopaminergic cephalic (CEP) neurons seen in the Parkinson’s disease (PD) model. Furthermore, the application of MA-5 reduced mitochondrial swelling due to the immt-1 null mutation. These results indicate that MA-5 has broad mitochondrial homing and MINOS stabilizing activity in metazoans and may be a therapeutic agent for these by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction in DMD and PD.
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20
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Xin R, Xu Y, Long D, Mao G, Liao H, Zhang Z, Kang Y. Mitochonic Acid-5 Inhibits Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Improves Human Chondrocyte Survival by Upregulating SIRT3-Mediated, Parkin-dependent Mitophagy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:911716. [PMID: 35734404 PMCID: PMC9207248 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.911716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA); however, there are no effective drugs to treat OA for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Studies have shown that mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5) has a protective effect against mitochondrial damage and plays a role in mitophagy. However, it is not clear whether MA-5 has a beneficial effect on inflammatory articular cartilage. Here, human OA cartilage was obtained from patients undergoing total joint replacement. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was used to stimulate chondrocytes and induce inflammatory injury. Cell Counting Kit-8, TUNEL, and flow cytometry assays were used to assess apoptosis. Gene expression was examined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using immunoblotting, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, JC-1 staining, and immunofluorescence analysis. Mitophagy was detected using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (3-TYP), a specific inhibitor of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), was used to block the SIRT3/Parkin pathway. Mitophagy in the cartilage sections was evaluated via immunohistochemistry. IL-1β was found to induce chondrocyte apoptosis by inhibiting SIRT3 expression and mitophagy. In addition, inflammatory damage reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to increased mitochondrial division, mitochondrial fusion inhibition, and the consequent mitochondrial damage. In contrast, the MA-5 treatment inhibited excessive ROS production by upregulating mitophagy, maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential, and reducing mitochondrial apoptosis. After chemically blocking SIRT3 with 3-TYP, Parkin-related mitophagy was also inhibited, an effect that was prevented by pretreatment of the chondrocytes with MA-5, thereby suggesting that SIRT3 is upstream of Parkin. Overall, MA-5 was found to enhance the activity of SIRT3, promote Parkin-dependent mitophagy, eliminate depolarized/damaged mitochondria in chondrocytes, and protect cartilage cells. In conclusion, MA-5 inhibits IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and protects chondrocytes by upregulating the SIRT3/Parkin-related autophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Xin
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital/Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dianbo Long
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guping Mao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziji Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ziji Zhang, ; Yan Kang,
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ziji Zhang, ; Yan Kang,
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinically critical disease exhibiting an acute decline in renal function. The lack of an effective prevention and treatment method equates to a high morbidity and mortality rate. Consequently, over the past few decades, many therapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action have been proposed and gradually applied to the clinic. The involved drug mechanisms evaluated have included hemodynamic modulation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, repair agents, metabolic derangement and mitochondrial function. AREAS COVERED The authors of this review provide the reader with a reference point for the latest advances in pharmacotherapy in acute kidney injury. This is achieved by the evaluation of the latest data collected on potential therapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action, as well as their preclinical and clinical impact on AKI. EXPERT OPINION Presently, the vast majority of drugs are still in clinical development, which is a huge challenge. Nevertheless, in addition to current chemical drugs and gene therapy strategies, the advent of mesenchymal stem cell treatments and other emerging pharmaceutical strategies could enable clinicians to better treat AKI. Due to the nonselective distribution and low bioavailability of some of the latest pharmaceutical strategies, there is hope that these treatment options may provide more efficacious avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojing Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Marra F, Lunetti P, Curcio R, Lasorsa FM, Capobianco L, Porcelli V, Dolce V, Fiermonte G, Scarcia P. An Overview of Mitochondrial Protein Defects in Neuromuscular Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1633. [PMID: 34827632 PMCID: PMC8615828 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are dysfunctions that involve skeletal muscle and cause incorrect communication between the nerves and muscles. The specific causes of NMDs are not well known, but most of them are caused by genetic mutations. NMDs are generally progressive and entail muscle weakness and fatigue. Muscular impairments can differ in onset, severity, prognosis, and phenotype. A multitude of possible injury sites can make diagnosis of NMDs difficult. Mitochondria are crucial for cellular homeostasis and are involved in various metabolic pathways; for this reason, their dysfunction can lead to the development of different pathologies, including NMDs. Most NMDs due to mitochondrial dysfunction have been associated with mutations of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. This review is focused on some mitochondrial routes such as the TCA cycle, OXPHOS, and β-oxidation, recently found to be altered in NMDs. Particular attention is given to the alterations found in some genes encoding mitochondrial carriers, proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane able to exchange metabolites between mitochondria and the cytosol. Briefly, we discuss possible strategies used to diagnose NMDs and therapies able to promote patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marra
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (F.M.); (R.C.); (V.D.)
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Rosita Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (F.M.); (R.C.); (V.D.)
| | - Francesco Massimo Lasorsa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.L.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, 00155 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Vito Porcelli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.L.); (V.P.)
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (F.M.); (R.C.); (V.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Fiermonte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.L.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, 00155 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Scarcia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.L.); (V.P.)
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23
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Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates chlorhexidine gluconate-induced peritoneal fibrosis in mice. Med Mol Morphol 2021; 55:27-40. [PMID: 34622315 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, attributable to inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5), an indole-3-acetic acid derivative, improves mitochondrial dysfunction and has therapeutic potential against various diseases including kidney diseases. However, whether MA-5 is effective against peritoneal fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MA-5 using a peritoneal fibrosis mouse model. Peritoneal fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) every other day for 3 weeks. MA-5 was administered daily by oral gavage. The mice were divided into control, MA-5, CG, and CG + MA-5 groups. Following treatment, immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Fibrotic thickening of the parietal peritoneum induced by CG was substantially attenuated by MA-5. The number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts, transforming growth factor β-positive cells, F4/80-positive macrophages, monocyte chemotactic protein 1-positive cells, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-positive cells was considerably decreased. In addition, reduced ATP5a1-positive and uncoupling protein 2-positive cells in the CG group were notably increased by MA-5. MA-5 may ameliorate peritoneal fibrosis by suppressing macrophage infiltration and oxidative stress, thus restoring mitochondrial function. Overall, MA-5 has therapeutic potential against peritoneal fibrosis.
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Zhou H, Ren J, Toan S, Mui D. Role of mitochondrial quality surveillance in myocardial infarction: From bench to bedside. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 66:101250. [PMID: 33388396 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible death of cardiomyocyte secondary to prolonged lack of oxygen or fresh blood supply. Historically considered as merely cardiomyocyte powerhouse that manufactures ATP and other metabolites, mitochondrion is recently being identified as a signal regulator that is implicated in the crosstalk and signal integration of cardiomyocyte contraction, metabolism, inflammation, and death. Mitochondria quality surveillance is an integrated network system modifying mitochondrial structure and function through the coordination of various processes including mitochondrial fission, fusion, biogenesis, bioenergetics, proteostasis, and degradation via mitophagy. Mitochondrial fission favors the elimination of depolarized mitochondria through mitophagy, whereas mitochondrial fusion preserves the mitochondrial network upon stress through integration of two or more small mitochondria into an interconnected phenotype. Mitochondrial biogenesis represents a regenerative program to replace old and damaged mitochondria with new and healthy ones. Mitochondrial bioenergetics is regulated by a metabolic switch between glucose and fatty acid usage, depending on oxygen availability. To maintain the diversity and function of mitochondrial proteins, a specialized protein quality control machinery regulates protein dynamics and function through the activity of chaperones and proteases, and induction of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms governing mitochondrial quality surveillance and highlight the most recent preclinical and clinical therapeutic approaches to restore mitochondrial fitness during both MI and post-MI heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - David Mui
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Tan J, Chen SX, Lei QY, Yi SQ, Wu N, Wang YL, Xiao ZJ, Wu H. Mitochonic acid 5 regulates mitofusin 2 to protect microglia. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1813-1820. [PMID: 33510088 PMCID: PMC8328753 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial apoptosis is associated with neuroinflammation and no effective strategies are currently available to protect microglia against inflammation-induced apoptosis. Mouse microglial BV-2 cells (5 × 106) were incubated with 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides for 12 hours to mimic an inflammatory environment. Then the cells were co-cultured with mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) for another 12 hours. MA-5 improved the survival of lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells. MA-5 decreased the activity of caspase-3, which is associated with apoptosis. MA-5 reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive cells, and increased adenosine triphosphate levels in cells. MA-5 decreased the open state of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and reduced calcium overload and diffusion of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac). MA-5 decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (mitochondrial Smac, cytoplasmic Smac, pro-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, and caspase-9), and increased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl2 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein), mitochondria-related proteins (mitochondrial fusion protein 2, mitochondrial microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B II), and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, p62 and autophagy related 5). However, MA-5 did not promote mitochondrial homeostasis or decrease microglial apoptosis when Mitofusin 2 expression was silenced. This shows that MA-5 increased Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy, reversed cellular energy production and maintained energy metabolism in BV-2 cells in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. These findings indicate that MA-5 may promote the survival of microglial cells via Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing-Yun Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shan-Qing Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Jian Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
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Tamai K, Nakamura-Shima M, Shibuya-Takahashi R, Kanno SI, Yasui A, Mochizuki M, Iwai W, Wakui Y, Abue M, Yamamoto K, Miura K, Mizuma M, Unno M, Kawamura S, Sato I, Yasuda J, Yamaguchi K, Sugamura K, Satoh K. BEX2 suppresses mitochondrial activity and is required for dormant cancer stem cell maintenance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21592. [PMID: 33299012 PMCID: PMC7725823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) define a subpopulation of cancer cells that are resistant to therapy. However, little is known of how CSC characteristics are regulated. We previously showed that dormant cancer stem cells are enriched with a CD274low fraction of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Here we found that BEX2 was highly expressed in CD274low cells, and that BEX2 knockdown decreased the tumorigenicity and G0 phase of cholangiocarcinoma cells. BEX2 was found to be expressed predominantly in G0 phase and starvation induced the USF2 transcriptional factor, which induced BEX2 transcription. Comprehensive screening of BEX2 binding proteins identified E3 ubiquitin ligase complex proteins, FEM1B and CUL2, and a mitochondrial protein TUFM, and further demonstrated that knockdown of BEX2 or TUFM increased mitochondria-related oxygen consumption and decreased tumorigenicity in cholangiocarcinoma cells. These results suggest that BEX2 is essential for maintaining dormant cancer stem cells through the suppression of mitochondrial activity in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Tamai
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, 981-1293, Japan.
| | - Mao Nakamura-Shima
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rie Shibuya-Takahashi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, 981-1293, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kanno
- IDAC Fellow Research Group for DNA Repair and Dynamic Proteome Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Yasui
- IDAC Fellow Research Group for DNA Repair and Dynamic Proteome Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mai Mochizuki
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, 981-1293, Japan
| | - Wataru Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuta Wakui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Makoto Abue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kuniharu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koh Miura
- Department of Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masamichi Mizuma
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sadafumi Kawamura
- Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Department of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Yasuda
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugamura
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori, Miyagi, 981-1293, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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27
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Mitochondrial dysfunction underlying sporadic inclusion body myositis is ameliorated by the mitochondrial homing drug MA-5. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231064. [PMID: 33264289 PMCID: PMC7710105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is the most common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, and several reports have suggested that mitochondrial abnormalities are involved in its etiology. We recruited 9 sIBM patients and found significant histological changes and an elevation of growth differential factor 15 (GDF15), a marker of mitochondrial disease, strongly suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction. Bioenergetic analysis of sIBM patient myoblasts revealed impaired mitochondrial function. Decreased ATP production, reduced mitochondrial size and reduced mitochondrial dynamics were also observed in sIBM myoblasts. Cell vulnerability to oxidative stress also suggested the existence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5) increased the cellular ATP level, reduced mitochondrial ROS, and provided protection against sIBM myoblast death. MA-5 also improved the survival of sIBM skin fibroblasts as well as mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in these cells. The reduction in the gene expression levels of Opa1 and Drp1 was also reversed by MA-5, suggesting the modification of the fusion/fission process. These data suggest that MA-5 may provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating not only mitochondrial diseases but also sIBM.
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28
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Ikeda H, Muroi M, Kondoh Y, Ishikawa S, Kakeya H, Osada H, Imoto M. Miclxin, a Novel MIC60 Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Stress in β-Catenin Mutant Tumor Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2195-2204. [PMID: 32584541 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular processes. β-Catenin is one of the major components of this pathway, in which it plays a main role. Although it has been established that β-catenin is mutated in a wide variety of tumors, there are currently no effective therapeutic agents that target β-catenin. In this study, we searched for the compound that targets mutant β-catenin and found DS37262926 (miclxin). Miclxin exhibited β-catenin-dependent apoptosis in β-catenin-mutated HCT116 cells and isogenic HCT116 (CTNNB1 Δ45/-) cells; however, this effect was not observed in isogenic HCT116 (CTNNB1 +/-) cells. Using miclxin-immobilized beads, MIC60, one of the major components of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, was identified as a target protein of miclxin. We revealed that MIC60 dysfunction caused by miclxin induced a mitochondrial stress response in a mutant β-catenin-dependent manner. Activation of the mitochondrial stress response was responsible for the downregulation of Bcl-2, leading to severe loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequent apoptosis-inducing factor-dependent apoptosis. Our findings suggest that targeting MIC60 is a potential strategy with which tumor cells can be killed through induction of severe mitochondrial damage in a mutant β-catenin-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikeda
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Muroi
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Kondoh
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaya Imoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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29
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Xu Z, Chen J, Cai J, Xiao Y, Wang Q, Chen S, Zhang L, Wu Z. Mitochondrial ATP synthase regulates corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cell function in vivo and in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3497-3504. [PMID: 32346410 PMCID: PMC7185181 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels are closely associated with diabetes-related erectile dysfunction (DMED). Mitochondrial ATP synthase serves a key role in ATP production. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between F1-ATP synthase and DMED in vivo and in vitro. The F1-ATP synthase expression levels in corpus cavernosum tissues from rats with DMED were examined. F1-ATP synthase expression was found to be lower in corpus cavernosum tissues from rats with DMED compared with healthy controls, suggesting a role for ATP synthase under high glucose conditions. In addition, the present study also demonstrated that hyperglycemia could downregulate F1-ATP synthase expression in rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) in vitro. The overexpression of F1-ATP synthase in CCSMCs influenced the phenotypic CCSMC transformation, upregulated eNOS expression, increased cGMP levels and reduced CCSMC apoptosis under high glucose in vitro. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the upregulation of mitochondrial ATP synthase expression may improve CCSMC function, suggesting that mitochondrial ATP synthase could serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DMED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Xu
- Department of Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jihao Chen
- Department of Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Cai
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yunbei Xiao
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Qinquan Wang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Shuowei Chen
- The Second Department of Medicine, Renji School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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30
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Zhang GZ, Deng YJ, Xie QQ, Ren EH, Ma ZJ, He XG, Gao YC, Kang XW. Sirtuins and intervertebral disc degeneration: Roles in inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:33-42. [PMID: 32348785 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain, which seriously reduces the quality of life of patients and places a heavy economic burden on their families. Cellular senescence is considered to be an important factor leading to IDD, and inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are closely related to intervertebral disc (IVD) senescence. Therefore, inhibition of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, along with maintaining mitochondrial function, may be useful in treating IDD. The sirtuins are a family of evolutionarily conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, which are the major molecules mediating life extension or delay of aging-related diseases. The sirtuin protein family consist of seven members (SIRT1 - 7), which are mainly involved in various aging-related diseases by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. Among them, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 are closely related to IDD. In addition, some activators of sirtuin proteins, such as resveratrol, melatonin, magnolol, 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP), SRT1720, and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), have been evaluated in preclinical studies for their effects in preventing IDD. This review described the biological functions of sirtuins and the important roles of SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 in IDD by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial function. In addition, we introduce the status of some sirtuin activators in IDD preclinical studies. This review will provide a background for further clarification of the molecular mechanism underlying IDD and the development of potential therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ya-Jun Deng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Qi-Qi Xie
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - En-Hui Ren
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Gang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Cheng Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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31
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Bozi LHM, Campos JC, Zambelli VO, Ferreira ND, Ferreira JCB. Mitochondrially-targeted treatment strategies. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 71:100836. [PMID: 31866004 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.100836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of mitochondrial function is a common feature of inherited mitochondrial diseases (mitochondriopathies) and many other infectious and non-infectious diseases including viral, bacterial and protozoan infections, inflammatory and chronic pain, neurodegeneration, diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondria therefore become an attractive target for developing new therapies. In this review we describe critical mechanisms involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial functionality and discuss strategies used to identify and validate mitochondrial targets in different diseases. We also highlight the most recent preclinical and clinical findings using molecules targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics, morphology, number, content and detoxification systems in common pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz H M Bozi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliane C Campos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Julio C B Ferreira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, USA.
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32
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Wang HW, Zhang Y, Tan PP, Jia LS, Chen Y, Zhou BH. Mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction mediated by ROS is a primary point of fluoride-induced damage in Hepa1-6 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113359. [PMID: 31614248 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the mechanism of fluoride (F) mitochondrial toxicity, we cultured Hepa1-6 cells with different F concentrations (0, 1 and 2 mmoL/L) and determined cell pathological morphology, mitochondrial respiratory chain damage and cell cycle change. Results showed that the activities and mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes considerably decreased, whereas the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) markedly increased. Breakage of mitochondrial cristae and substantial vacuolated mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy. These results indicate the F-induced oxidative damage in Hepa1-6 cells. The enzyme activities of mitochondrial complexes I, II, III and IV were disordered in Hepa1-6 cells treated by excessive F, thereby indicating a remarkable down-regulation. Further research showed that complex subunits also demonstrated the development of disorder, in which the protein expressions levels of NDUFV2 and SDHA were substantially down-regulated, whereas those of CYC1 and COX Ⅳ were markedly up-regulated. Reductions in ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected with the dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The G2/M phase arrest of the cell cycle in Hepa1-6 cells was measured via flow cytometry, and the up-regulated protein expressions of Cyt c, caspase 9, caspase 3 and substantial apoptotic cells were determined. In summary, this study demonstrated that ROS-mediated mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction causes F-induced Hepa1-6 cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Pan-Pan Tan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Liu-Shu Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Bian-Hua Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China.
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Miyauchi A, Kouga T, Jimbo EF, Matsuhashi T, Abe T, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Apomorphine rescues reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts with mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:111-120. [PMID: 31356884 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disease is a genetic disorder in which individuals suffer from energy insufficiency. The various clinical phenotypes of mitochondrial disease include Leigh syndrome (LS), myopathy encephalopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Thus far, no curative treatment is available, and effective treatment options are eagerly awaited. We examined the cell protective effect of an existing commercially available chemical library on fibroblasts from four patients with LS and MELAS and identified apomorphine as a potential therapeutic drug for mitochondrial disease. We conducted a cell viability assay under oxidative stress induced by L-butionine (S, R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione synthesis inhibitor. Among the chemicals of library, 4 compounds (apomorphine, olanzapine, phenothiazine and ethopropazine) rescued cells from death induced by oxidative stress much more effectively than idebenone, which was used as a positive control. The EC50 value showed that apomorphine was the most effective compound. Apomorphine also significantly improved all of the assessed oxygen consumption rate values by the extracellular flux analyzer for fibroblasts from LS patients with complex I deficiency. In addition, the elevation of the Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), a biomarker of mitochondrial disease, was significantly reduced by apomorphine. Among 441 apomorphine-responsive genes identified by the microarray, apomorphine induced the expression of genes that inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity and inflammatory responses, suggesting that apomorphine induced cell survival via a new potential pathway. In conclusion, apomorphine rescued fibroblasts from cell death under oxidative stress and improved the mitochondrial respiratory activity and appears to be potentially useful for treating mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kouga
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eriko F Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsuhashi
- Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
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Orsucci D, Ienco EC, Siciliano G, Mancuso M. Mitochondrial disorders and drugs: what every physician should know. Drugs Context 2019; 8:212588. [PMID: 31391854 PMCID: PMC6668504 DOI: 10.7573/dic.212588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are a group of metabolic conditions caused by impairment of the oxidative phosphorylation system. There is currently no clear evidence supporting any pharmacological interventions for most mitochondrial disorders, except for coenzyme Q10 deficiencies, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, and mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy. Furthermore, some drugs may potentially have detrimental effects on mitochondrial dysfunction. Drugs known to be toxic for mitochondrial functions should be avoided whenever possible. Mitochondrial patients needing one of these treatments should be carefully monitored, clinically and by laboratory exams, including creatine kinase and lactate. In the era of molecular and ‘personalized’ medicine, many different physicians (not only neurologists) should be aware of the basic principles of mitochondrial medicine and its therapeutic implications. Multicenter collaboration is essential for the advancement of therapy for mitochondrial disorders. Whenever possible, randomized clinical trials are necessary to establish efficacy and safety of drugs. In this review we discuss in an accessible way the therapeutic approaches and perspectives in mitochondrial disorders. We will also provide an overview of the drugs that should be used with caution in these patients.
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Sun J, Zhang J, Tian J, Virzì GM, Digvijay K, Cueto L, Yin Y, Rosner MH, Ronco C. Mitochondria in Sepsis-Induced AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1151-1161. [PMID: 31076465 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AKI is a common clinical condition associated with the risk of developing CKD and ESKD. Sepsis is the leading cause of AKI in the intensive care unit (ICU) and accounts for nearly half of all AKI events. Patients with AKI who require dialysis have an unacceptably high mortality rate of 60%-80%. During sepsis, endothelial activation, increased microvascular permeability, changes in regional blood flow distribution with resulting areas of hypoperfusion, and hypoxemia can lead to AKI. No effective drugs to prevent or treat human sepsis-induced AKI are currently available. Recent research has identified dysfunction in energy metabolism as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of AKI. Mitochondria, the center of energy metabolism, are increasingly recognized to be involved in the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced AKI and mitochondria could serve as a potential therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the potential role of mitochondria in sepsis-induced AKI and identify future therapeutic approaches that target mitochondrial function in an effort to treat sepsis-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Jingxiao Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Jiakun Tian
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Grazia Maria Virzì
- International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Kumar Digvijay
- International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Cueto
- International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain; and
| | - Yongjie Yin
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China;
| | - Mitchell H Rosner
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Claudio Ronco
- International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
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Huang D, Liu M, Jiang Y. Mitochonic acid-5 attenuates TNF-α-mediated neuronal inflammation via activating Parkin-related mitophagy and augmenting the AMPK-Sirt3 pathways. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22172-22182. [PMID: 31062359 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been found to be associated with neuronal inflammation; however, no effective drug is available to attenuate neuroinflammation via sustaining mitochondrial function. In the current study, experiments were performed to understand the beneficial effects of mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated neuronal injury and mitochondrial damage. Our data illustrated that MA-5 pretreatment reduced inflammation response induced by TNF-α in CATH.a cells. Molecular investigations demonstrated that MA-5 pretreatment repressed oxidative stress, inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress, sustained cellular energy metabolism, and blocked cell apoptosis induced by TNF-α stress. Further, we found that MA-5 treatment elevated the expression of Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) and this effect was dependent on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Blockade of AMPK abolished the promotive action of MA-5 on Sirt3 and thus mediated mitochondrial damage and cell death. Besides, we also found that MA-5 treatment augmented Parkin-related mitophagy and increased mitophagy promoted CATH.a cells survival via improving mitochondrial function. Knockdown of Parkin abolished the beneficial action of MA-5 on mitochondrial homeostasis and CATH.a cell survival. Altogether, our results confirm that MA-5 is an effective drug to attenuate neuroinflammation via sustaining mitochondrial damage and promoting CATH.a cell survival. The protective action of MA-5 on neuronal damage is associated with Parkin-related mitophagy and the activation of AMPK-Sirt3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yugang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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37
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Kikuchi K, Saigusa D, Kanemitsu Y, Matsumoto Y, Thanai P, Suzuki N, Mise K, Yamaguchi H, Nakamura T, Asaji K, Mukawa C, Tsukamoto H, Sato T, Oikawa Y, Iwasaki T, Oe Y, Tsukimi T, Fukuda NN, Ho HJ, Nanto-Hara F, Ogura J, Saito R, Nagao S, Ohsaki Y, Shimada S, Suzuki T, Toyohara T, Mishima E, Shima H, Akiyama Y, Akiyama Y, Ichijo M, Matsuhashi T, Matsuo A, Ogata Y, Yang CC, Suzuki C, Breeggemann MC, Heymann J, Shimizu M, Ogawa S, Takahashi N, Suzuki T, Owada Y, Kure S, Mano N, Soga T, Wada T, Kopp JB, Fukuda S, Hozawa A, Yamamoto M, Ito S, Wada J, Tomioka Y, Abe T. Gut microbiome-derived phenyl sulfate contributes to albuminuria in diabetic kidney disease. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1835. [PMID: 31015435 PMCID: PMC6478834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is a major cause of renal failure that urgently necessitates a breakthrough in disease management. Here we show using untargeted metabolomics that levels of phenyl sulfate, a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, increase with the progression of diabetes in rats overexpressing human uremic toxin transporter SLCO4C1 in the kidney, and are decreased in rats with limited proteinuria. In experimental models of diabetes, phenyl sulfate administration induces albuminuria and podocyte damage. In a diabetic patient cohort, phenyl sulfate levels significantly correlate with basal and predicted 2-year progression of albuminuria in patients with microalbuminuria. Inhibition of tyrosine phenol-lyase, a bacterial enzyme responsible for the synthesis of phenol from dietary tyrosine before it is metabolized into phenyl sulfate in the liver, reduces albuminuria in diabetic mice. Together, our results suggest that phenyl sulfate contributes to albuminuria and could be used as a disease marker and future therapeutic target in diabetic kidney disease. Diabetes is a major cause of kidney disease. Here Kikuchi et al. show that phenol sulfate, a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, is increased in diabetic kidney disease and contributes to the pathology by promoting kidney injury, suggesting phenyl sulfate could be used a marker and therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kikuchi
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Yoshitomi Kanemitsu
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yotaro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | | | - Naoto Suzuki
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Koki Mise
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Kei Asaji
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Chikahisa Mukawa
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tsukamoto
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Oikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwasaki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yuji Oe
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tsukimi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Noriko N Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Hsin-Jung Ho
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Fumika Nanto-Hara
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Jiro Ogura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ritsumi Saito
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Shizuko Nagao
- Education and Research Center of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimada
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takafumi Toyohara
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eikan Mishima
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hisato Shima
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Akiyama
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yukako Akiyama
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mariko Ichijo
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsuhashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsuo
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ogata
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ching-Chin Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chitose Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | | | - Jurgen Heymann
- Kidney Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1268, USA
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Susumu Ogawa
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- Kidney Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1268, USA
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, 997-0052, Japan.,Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan.,Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tomioka
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. .,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
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Kiyuna LA, Albuquerque RPE, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Ferreira JCB. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in heart failure: Challenges and opportunities. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:155-168. [PMID: 30227272 PMCID: PMC6309415 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by impaired bioenergetics, oxidative stress and aldehydic load is a hallmark of heart failure. Recently, different research groups have provided evidence that selective activation of mitochondrial detoxifying systems that counteract excessive accumulation of ROS, RNS and reactive aldehydes is sufficient to stop cardiac degeneration upon chronic stress, such as heart failure. Therefore, pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches targeting mitochondria detoxification may play a critical role in the prevention or treatment of heart failure. In this review we discuss the most recent findings on the central role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and aldehydic load in heart failure, highlighting the most recent preclinical and clinical studies using mitochondria-targeted molecules and exercise training as effective tools against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Akemi Kiyuna
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
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Allinovi M, De Chiara L, Angelotti ML, Becherucci F, Romagnani P. Anti-fibrotic treatments: A review of clinical evidence. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:333-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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Lei Q, Tan J, Yi S, Wu N, Wang Y, Wu H. Mitochonic acid 5 activates the MAPK-ERK-yap signaling pathways to protect mouse microglial BV-2 cells against TNFα-induced apoptosis via increased Bnip3-related mitophagy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:14. [PMID: 29636771 PMCID: PMC5887257 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulation of microglial function via mitochondrial homeostasis is important in the development of neuroinflammation. The underlying mechanism for this regulatory function remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective role of mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) in microglial mitochondrial apoptosis following TNFα-induced inflammatory injury. METHODS TNFα was used to induce inflammatory injury in mouse microglial BV-2 cells with and without prior MA-5 treatment. Cellular apoptosis was assessed using the MTT and TUNEL assays. Mitochondrial functions were evaluated via mitochondrial membrane potential JC-1 staining, ROS flow cytometry analysis, mPTP opening assessment, and immunofluorescence of cyt-c. Mitophagy was examined using western blots and immunofluorescence. The pathways analysis was carried out using western blots and immunofluorescence with a pathway blocker. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that TNFα induced apoptosis in the microglial BV-2 cell line by activating the caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mechanistically, inflammation reduced mitochondrial potential, induced ROS production, and contributed to the leakage of mitochondrial pro-apoptotic factors into the cytoplasm. The inflammatory response reduced cellular energy metabolism and increased oxidative stress. By contrast, treatment with MA-5 reduced mitochondrial apoptosis via upregulation of mitophagy. Increased mitophagy degraded damaged mitochondria, disrupting mitochondrial apoptosis, neutralizing ROS overproduction, and improving cellular energy production. We also identified that MA-5 regulated mitophagy via Bnip3 through the MAPK-ERK-Yap signaling pathway. Inhibiting this signaling pathway or knocking down Bnip3 expression prevented MA-5 from having beneficial effects on mitochondrial homeostasis and increased microglial apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS After TNFα-induced inflammatory injury, MA-5 affects microglial mitochondrial homeostasis in a manner mediated via the amplification of protective, Bnip3-related mitophagy, which is mediated via the MAPK-ERK-Yap signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Lei
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Tan
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Shangqing Yi
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
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Narumi K, Mishima E, Akiyama Y, Matsuhashi T, Nakamichi T, Kisu K, Nishiyama S, Ikenouchi H, Kikuchi A, Izumi R, Miyazaki M, Abe T, Sato H, Ito S. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Associated with Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia and Mitochondrial DNA A3243G Mutation. Nephron Clin Pract 2017; 138:243-248. [PMID: 29190634 DOI: 10.1159/000485109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is caused by various etiologies, with mitochondrial dysfunction being one of the causes. FSGS is known to be associated with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), which is a subclass of mitochondrial disease. However, it has rarely been reported in other mitochondrial disease subclasses. Here, we reported a 20-year-old man diagnosed with FSGS associated with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) due to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 3243A>G mutation. He presented with left ptosis, short stature, mild sensorineural deafness, and cardiac conduction block. A renal biopsy sample showed segmental sclerosis and adhesions between capillaries and Bowman's capsule, indicating FSGS. Electron microscopy demonstrated abnormal aggregated mitochondria in podocytes, and the basement membrane and epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule. Skeletal muscle biopsy also showed accumulation of abnormal mitochondria. mtDNA analysis identified heteroplasmic mtDNA 3243A>G mutation with no large-scale deletions. From these findings, we diagnosed the case as CPEO with multi-organ involvement including FSGS. Our report demonstrates that CPEO, as well as MELAS, can be associated with FSGS. Because mitochondrial disease presents with a variety of clinical symptoms, atypical cases with non-classical manifestations are observed. Thus, mitochondrial disease should be considered as an underlying cause of FSGS with systemic manifestations even with atypical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Narumi
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eikan Mishima
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukako Akiyama
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsuhashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamichi
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Kisu
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hajime Ikenouchi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akio Kikuchi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rumiko Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mariko Miyazaki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Abstract
AKI is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and it predisposes to the development and progression of CKD. Novel strategies that minimize AKI and halt the progression of CKD are urgently needed. Normal kidney function involves numerous different cell types, such as tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and podocytes, working in concert. This delicate balance involves many energy-intensive processes. Fatty acids are the preferred energy substrates for the kidney, and defects in fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction are universally involved in diverse causes of AKI and CKD. This review provides an overview of ATP production and energy demands in the kidney and summarizes preclinical and clinical evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI and CKD. New therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria protection and cellular bioenergetics are presented, with emphasis on those that have been evaluated in animal models of AKI and CKD. Targeting mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics upstream of cellular damage may offer advantages compared with targeting downstream inflammatory and fibrosis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel H Szeto
- Mitochondrial Therapeutics Consulting, New York, New York
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