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Marvasti TB, Gao Y, Murray KR, Hershman S, McIntosh C, Moayedi Y. Unlocking Tomorrow's Health Care: Expanding the Clinical Scope of Wearables by Applying Artificial Intelligence. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00561-0. [PMID: 39025363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As an integral aspect of health care, digital technology has enabled modelling of complex relationships to detect, screen, diagnose, and predict patient outcomes. With massive data sets, artificial intelligence (AI) can have marked effects on 3 levels: for patients, clinicians, and health systems. In this review, we discuss contemporary AI-enabled wearable devices undergoing research in the field of cardiovascular medicine. These include devices such as smart watches, electrocardiogram patches, and smart textiles such as smart socks and chest sensors for diagnosis, management, and prognostication of conditions such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and hypertension as well as monitoring for cardiac rehabilitation. We review the evolution of machine learning algorithms used in wearable devices from random forest models to the use of convolutional neural networks and transformers. We further discuss frameworks for wearable technologies such as the V3-stage process of verification, analytical validation, and clinical validation as well as challenges of AI integration in medicine such as data veracity, validity, and security and provide a reference framework to maintain fairness and equity. Last, clinician and patient perspectives are discussed to highlight the importance of considering end-user feedback in development and regulatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Binesh Marvasti
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuan Gao
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin R Murray
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steve Hershman
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris McIntosh
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yasbanoo Moayedi
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Ajmera Transplant Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Yi J, Wang L, Song J, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Lu J, Zheng X. Development of a machine learning-based model for predicting individual responses to antihypertensive treatments. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1660-1669. [PMID: 38555240 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Personalized antihypertensive drug selection is essential for optimizing hypertension management. The study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict individual blood pressure (BP) responses to different antihypertensive medications. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial on hypertension management in China. Each patient's multiple visit records were included, and two consecutive visits were paired as the index and subsequent visits. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was used to select index visit variables for predicting subsequent BP. The dataset was randomly divided into training and test sets in a 7:3 ratio. Model performance was evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE) and R-square in the test set. A total of 19,013 hypertension management visit records (6282 patients) were included. The mean age of the study population was 63.9 years, and 2657 (42.3%) were females. A total of 12 phenotypical features (age, sex, smoking within seven days, body mass index, waist circumference, index visit systolic BP, diastolic BP, heart rate, comorbidities of diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, and stroke), together with currently taking any prescribed antihypertensive medication regimens and visits time interval were selected to build the model. The Extreme Gradient Boost model performed best among all candidate algorithms, with an MAE of 8.57 mmHg and an R2 = 0.28 in the test set. CONCLUSION The ML techniques exhibit significant potential for predicting individual responses to antihypertensive treatments, thereby aiding clinicians in achieving optimal BP control safely and efficiently. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03636334. Registered July 3, 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03636334.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yi
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchen Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiapeng Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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3
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Li B, Chen H, Lin X, Duan H. Multimodal learning system integrating electronic medical records and hysteroscopic images for reproductive outcome prediction and risk stratification of endometrial injury: a multicenter diagnostic study. Int J Surg 2024; 110:3237-3248. [PMID: 38935827 PMCID: PMC11175765 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a multimodal learning application system that integrates electronic medical records (EMR) and hysteroscopic images for reproductive outcome prediction and risk stratification of patients with intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) resulting from endometrial injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS EMR and 5014 revisited hysteroscopic images of 753 post hysteroscopic adhesiolysis patients from the multicenter IUA database we established were randomly allocated to training, validation, and test datasets. The respective datasets were used for model development, tuning, and testing of the multimodal learning application. MobilenetV3 was employed for image feature extraction, and XGBoost for EMR and image feature ensemble learning. The performance of the application was compared against the single-modal approaches (EMR or hysteroscopic images), DeepSurv and ElasticNet models, along with the clinical scoring systems. The primary outcome was the 1-year conception prediction accuracy, and the secondary outcome was the assisted reproductive technology (ART) benefit ratio after risk stratification. RESULTS The multimodal learning system exhibited superior performance in predicting conception within 1-year, achieving areas under the curves of 0.967 (95% CI: 0.950-0.985), 0.936 (95% CI: 0.883-0.989), and 0.965 (95% CI: 0.935-0.994) in the training, validation, and test datasets, respectively, surpassing single-modal approaches, other models and clinical scoring systems (all P<0.05). The application of the model operated seamlessly on the hysteroscopic platform, with an average analysis time of 3.7±0.8 s per patient. By employing the application's conception probability-based risk stratification, mid-high-risk patients demonstrated a significant ART benefit (odds ratio=6, 95% CI: 1.27-27.8, P=0.02), while low-risk patients exhibited good natural conception potential, with no significant increase in conception rates from ART treatment (P=1). CONCLUSIONS The multimodal learning system using hysteroscopic images and EMR demonstrates promise in accurately predicting the natural conception of patients with IUAs and providing effective postoperative stratification, potentially contributing to ART triage after IUA procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Duan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital
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Drouard G, Mykkänen J, Heiskanen J, Pohjonen J, Ruohonen S, Pahkala K, Lehtimäki T, Wang X, Ollikainen M, Ripatti S, Pirinen M, Raitakari O, Kaprio J. Exploring machine learning strategies for predicting cardiovascular disease risk factors from multi-omic data. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2024; 24:116. [PMID: 38698395 PMCID: PMC11064347 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-024-02521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Machine learning (ML) classifiers are increasingly used for predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related risk factors using omics data, although these outcomes often exhibit categorical nature and class imbalances. However, little is known about which ML classifier, omics data, or upstream dimension reduction strategy has the strongest influence on prediction quality in such settings. Our study aimed to illustrate and compare different machine learning strategies to predict CVD risk factors under different scenarios. METHODS We compared the use of six ML classifiers in predicting CVD risk factors using blood-derived metabolomics, epigenetics and transcriptomics data. Upstream omic dimension reduction was performed using either unsupervised or semi-supervised autoencoders, whose downstream ML classifier performance we compared. CVD risk factors included systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements and ultrasound-based biomarkers of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD; E/e' ratio, E/A ratio, LAVI) collected from 1,249 Finnish participants, of which 80% were used for model fitting. We predicted individuals with low, high or average levels of CVD risk factors, the latter class being the most common. We constructed multi-omic predictions using a meta-learner that weighted single-omic predictions. Model performance comparisons were based on the F1 score. Finally, we investigated whether learned omic representations from pre-trained semi-supervised autoencoders could improve outcome prediction in an external cohort using transfer learning. RESULTS Depending on the ML classifier or omic used, the quality of single-omic predictions varied. Multi-omics predictions outperformed single-omics predictions in most cases, particularly in the prediction of individuals with high or low CVD risk factor levels. Semi-supervised autoencoders improved downstream predictions compared to the use of unsupervised autoencoders. In addition, median gains in Area Under the Curve by transfer learning compared to modelling from scratch ranged from 0.09 to 0.14 and 0.07 to 0.11 units for transcriptomic and metabolomic data, respectively. CONCLUSIONS By illustrating the use of different machine learning strategies in different scenarios, our study provides a platform for researchers to evaluate how the choice of omics, ML classifiers, and dimension reduction can influence the quality of CVD risk factor predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Drouard
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Juha Mykkänen
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarkko Heiskanen
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Joona Pohjonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saku Ruohonen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Katja Pahkala
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Cho JS, Park JH. Application of artificial intelligence in hypertension. Clin Hypertens 2024; 30:11. [PMID: 38689376 PMCID: PMC11061896 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-024-00266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. The incidence of hypertension is increasing not only in Korea but also in many Western countries due to the aging of the population and the increase in unhealthy lifestyles. However, hypertension control rates remain low due to poor adherence to antihypertensive medications, low awareness of hypertension, and numerous factors that contribute to hypertension, including diet, environment, lifestyle, obesity, and genetics. Because artificial intelligence (AI) involves data-driven algorithms, AI is an asset to understanding chronic diseases that are influenced by multiple factors, such as hypertension. Although several hypertension studies using AI have been published recently, most are exploratory descriptive studies that are often difficult for clinicians to understand and have little clinical relevance. This review aims to provide a clinician-centered perspective on AI by showing recent studies on the relevance of AI for patients with hypertension. The review is organized into sections on blood pressure measurement and hypertension diagnosis, prognosis, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeong Park
- Department of Cardiology in Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Muse ED, Topol EJ. Transforming the cardiometabolic disease landscape: Multimodal AI-powered approaches in prevention and management. Cell Metab 2024; 36:670-683. [PMID: 38428435 PMCID: PMC10990799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various scientific fields, particularly in medicine, where it has enabled the modeling of complex relationships from massive datasets. Initially, AI algorithms focused on improved interpretation of diagnostic studies such as chest X-rays and electrocardiograms in addition to predicting patient outcomes and future disease onset. However, AI has evolved with the introduction of transformer models, allowing analysis of the diverse, multimodal data sources existing in medicine today. Multimodal AI holds great promise in more accurate disease risk assessment and stratification as well as optimizing the key driving factors in cardiometabolic disease: blood pressure, sleep, stress, glucose control, weight, nutrition, and physical activity. In this article we outline the current state of medical AI in cardiometabolic disease, highlighting the potential of multimodal AI to augment personalized prevention and treatment strategies in cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D Muse
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric J Topol
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Kohjitani H, Koshimizu H, Nakamura K, Okuno Y. Recent developments in machine learning modeling methods for hypertension treatment. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:700-707. [PMID: 38216731 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular complications. This review focuses on the advancements in medical artificial intelligence (AI) models aimed at individualized treatment for hypertension, with particular emphasis on the approach to time-series big data on blood pressure and the development of interpretable medical AI models. The digitalization of daily blood pressure records and the downsizing of measurement devices enable the accumulation and utilization of time-series data. As mainstream blood pressure data shift from snapshots to time series, the clinical significance of blood pressure variability will be clarified. The time-series blood pressure prediction model demonstrated the capability to forecast blood pressure variabilities with a reasonable degree of accuracy for up to four weeks in advance. In recent years, various explainable AI techniques have been proposed for different purposes of model interpretation. It is essential to select the appropriate technique based on the clinical aspects; for example, actionable path-planning techniques can present individualized intervention plans to efficiently improve outcomes such as hypertension. Despite considerable progress in this field, challenges remain, such as the need for the prospective validation of AI-driven interventions and the development of comprehensive systems that integrate multiple AI methods. Future research should focus on addressing these challenges and refining the AI models to ensure their practical applicability in real-world clinical settings. Furthermore, the implementation of interdisciplinary collaborations among AI experts, clinicians, and healthcare providers are crucial to further optimizing and validate AI-driven solutions for hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohiko Kohjitani
- Department of Biomedical Data Intelligence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Koshimizu
- Department of Biomedical Data Intelligence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakamura
- Department of Biomedical Data Intelligence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okuno
- Department of Biomedical Data Intelligence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Amente LD, Mills NT, Le TD, Hyppönen E, Lee SH. Unraveling phenotypic variance in metabolic syndrome through multi-omics. Hum Genet 2024; 143:35-47. [PMID: 38095720 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Complex multi-omics effects drive the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, underscoring the imperative to comprehend how individual and combined omics shape phenotypic variation. Our study partitions phenotypic variance in metabolic syndrome (MetS), blood glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and blood pressure through genome, transcriptome, metabolome, and exposome (i.e., lifestyle exposome) analyses. Our analysis included a cohort of 62,822 unrelated individuals with white British ancestry, sourced from the UK biobank. We employed linear mixed models to partition phenotypic variance using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method, implemented in MTG2 (v2.22). We initiated the analysis by individually modeling omics, followed by subsequent integration of pairwise omics in a joint model that also accounted for the covariance and interaction between omics layers. Finally, we estimated the correlations of various omics effects between the phenotypes using bivariate REML. Significant proportions of the MetS variance were attributed to distinct data sources: genome (9.47%), transcriptome (4.24%), metabolome (14.34%), and exposome (3.77%). The phenotypic variances explained by the genome, transcriptome, metabolome, and exposome ranged from 3.28% for GLU to 25.35% for HDL-C, 0% for GLU to 19.34% for HDL-C, 4.29% for systolic blood pressure (SBP) to 35.75% for TG, and 0.89% for GLU to 10.17% for HDL-C, respectively. Significant correlations were found between genomic and transcriptomic effects for TG and HDL-C. Furthermore, significant interaction effects between omics data were detected for both MetS and its components. Interestingly, significant correlation of omics effect between the phenotypes was found. This study underscores omics' roles, interaction effects, and random-effects covariance in unveiling phenotypic variation in multi-omics domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamessa Dube Amente
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Natalie T Mills
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Thuc Duy Le
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Elina Hyppönen
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - S Hong Lee
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
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Huang Y, Huang X, Wang A, Chen Q, Chen G, Ye J, Wang Y, Qin Z, Xu K. Individualized treatment decision model for inoperable elderly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on multi-modal data fusion. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:237. [PMID: 37872517 PMCID: PMC10594800 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research aimed to develop a model for individualized treatment decision-making in inoperable elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) using machine learning methods and multi-modal data. METHODS A total of 189 inoperable elderly ESCC patients aged 65 or older who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) or radiotherapy (RT) were included. Multi-task learning models were created using machine learning techniques to analyze multi-modal data, including pre-treatment CT images, clinical information, and blood test results. Nomograms were constructed to predict the objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) for different treatment strategies. Optimal treatment plans were recommended based on the nomograms. Patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups using the nomograms, and survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS The identified risk factors influencing ORR were histologic grade (HG), T stage and three radiomic features including original shape elongation, first-order skewness and original shape flatness, while risk factors influencing PFS included BMI, HG and three radiomic features including high gray-level run emphasis, first-order minimum and first-order skewness. These risk factors were incorporated into the nomograms as independent predictive factors. PFS was substantially different between the low-risk group (total score ≤ 110) and the high-risk group (total score > 110) according to Kaplan-Meier curves (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The developed predictive models for ORR and PFS in inoperable elderly ESCC patients provide valuable insights for predicting treatment efficacy and prognosis. The nomograms enable personalized treatment decision-making and can guide optimal treatment plans for inoperable elderly ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Anling Wang
- Scholl of Internet, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiwei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingya Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihui Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Scholl of Internet, Anhui University, Hefei, China.
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Qiu S, Cai Y, Yao H, Lin C, Xie Y, Tang S, Zhang A. Small molecule metabolites: discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 36941259 PMCID: PMC10026263 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities lead to the dysfunction of metabolic pathways and metabolite accumulation or deficiency which is well-recognized hallmarks of diseases. Metabolite signatures that have close proximity to subject's phenotypic informative dimension, are useful for predicting diagnosis and prognosis of diseases as well as monitoring treatments. The lack of early biomarkers could lead to poor diagnosis and serious outcomes. Therefore, noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring methods with high specificity and selectivity are desperately needed. Small molecule metabolites-based metabolomics has become a specialized tool for metabolic biomarker and pathway analysis, for revealing possible mechanisms of human various diseases and deciphering therapeutic potentials. It could help identify functional biomarkers related to phenotypic variation and delineate biochemical pathways changes as early indicators of pathological dysfunction and damage prior to disease development. Recently, scientists have established a large number of metabolic profiles to reveal the underlying mechanisms and metabolic networks for therapeutic target exploration in biomedicine. This review summarized the metabolic analysis on the potential value of small-molecule candidate metabolites as biomarkers with clinical events, which may lead to better diagnosis, prognosis, drug screening and treatment. We also discuss challenges that need to be addressed to fuel the next wave of breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hong Yao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chunsheng Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yiqiang Xie
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Songqi Tang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Hathaway QA, Yanamala N, Sengupta PP. Multimodal data for systolic and diastolic blood pressure prediction: The hypertension conscious artificial intelligence. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104261. [PMID: 36113186 PMCID: PMC9483570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quincy A Hathaway
- Heart and Vascular Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Naveena Yanamala
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Partho P Sengupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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