1
|
Anti-apoptotic peptide for long term cardioprotection in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18116. [PMID: 33093627 PMCID: PMC7582178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion therapy during myocardial infarction (MI) leads to side effects called ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury for which no treatment exists. While most studies have targeted the intrinsic apoptotic pathway to prevent IR injury with no successful clinical translation, we evidenced recently the potent cardioprotective effect of the anti-apoptotic Tat-DAXXp (TD) peptide targeting the FAS-dependent extrinsic pathway. The aim of the present study was to evaluate TD long term cardioprotective effects against IR injury in a MI mouse model. TD peptide (1 mg/kg) was administered in mice subjected to MI (TD; n = 21), 5 min prior to reperfusion, and were clinically followed-up during 6 months after surgery. Plasma cTnI concentration evaluated 24 h post-MI was 70%-decreased in TD (n = 16) versus Ctrl (n = 20) mice (p***). Strain echocardiography highlighted a 24%-increase (p****) in the ejection fraction mean value in TD-treated (n = 12) versus Ctrl mice (n = 17) during the 6 month-period. Improved cardiac performance was associated to a 54%-decrease (p**) in left ventricular fibrosis at 6 months in TD (n = 16) versus Ctrl (n = 20). In conclusion, targeting the extrinsic pathway with TD peptide at the onset of reperfusion provided long-term cardioprotection in a mouse model of myocardial IR injury by improving post-MI cardiac performance and preventing cardiac remodeling.
Collapse
|
2
|
An X, Wang J, Li H, Lu Z, Bai Y, Xiao H, Zhang Y, Song Y. Speckle Tracking Based Strain Analysis Is Sensitive for Early Detection of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149155. [PMID: 26871457 PMCID: PMC4752445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathological process of many cardiac diseases. However, early detection of cardiac hypertrophy is difficult by the currently used non-invasive method and new approaches are in urgent need for efficient diagnosis of cardiac malfunction. Here we report that speckle tracking-based strain analysis is more sensitive than conventional echocardiography for early detection of pathological cardiac hypertrophy in the isoproterenol (ISO) mouse model. Pathological hypertrophy was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of ISO. Physiological cardiac hypertrophy was established by daily treadmill exercise for six weeks. Strain analysis, including radial strain (RS), radial strain rate (RSR) and longitudinal strain (LS), showed marked decrease as early as 3 days after ISO injection. Moreover, unlike the regional changes in cardiac infarction, strain analysis revealed global cardiac dysfunction that affects the entire heart in ISO-induced hypertrophy. In contrast, conventional echocardiography, only detected altered E/E', an index reflecting cardiac diastolic function, at 7 days after ISO injection. No change was detected on fractional shortening (FS), E/A and E'/A' at 3 days or 7 days after ISO injection. Interestingly, strain analysis revealed cardiac dysfunction only in ISO-induced pathological hypertrophy but not the physiological hypertrophy induced by exercise. Taken together, our study indicates that strain analysis offers a more sensitive approach for early detection of cardiac dysfunction than conventional echocardiography. Moreover, multiple strain readouts distinguish pathological cardiac hypertrophy from physiological hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo An
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhizhen Lu
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (YS)
| | - Yao Song
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (YS)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shepherd DL, Nichols CE, Croston TL, McLaughlin SL, Petrone AB, Lewis SE, Thapa D, Long DM, Dick GM, Hollander JM. Early detection of cardiac dysfunction in the type 1 diabetic heart using speckle-tracking based strain imaging. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 90:74-83. [PMID: 26654913 PMCID: PMC4725063 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced sensitivity in echocardiographic analyses may allow for early detection of changes in cardiac function beyond the detection limits of conventional echocardiographic analyses, particularly in a small animal model. The goal of this study was to compare conventional echocardiographic measurements and speckle-tracking based strain imaging analyses in a small animal model of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Conventional analyses revealed differences in ejection fraction, fractional shortening, cardiac output, and stroke volume in diabetic animals relative to controls at 6-weeks post-diabetic onset. In contrast, when assessing short- and long-axis speckle-tracking based strain analyses, diabetic mice showed changes in average systolic radial strain, radial strain rate, radial displacement, and radial velocity, as well as decreased circumferential and longitudinal strain rate, as early as 1-week post-diabetic onset and persisting throughout the diabetic study. Further, we performed regional analyses for the LV and found that the free wall region was affected in both the short- and long-axis when assessing radial dimension parameters. These changes began 1-week post-diabetic onset and remained throughout the progression of the disease. These findings demonstrate the use of speckle-tracking based strain as an approach to elucidate cardiac dysfunction from a global perspective, identifying left ventricular cardiac regions affected during the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus earlier than contractile changes detected by conventional echocardiographic measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Shepherd
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States
| | - Cody E Nichols
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States
| | - Tara L Croston
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States
| | - Sarah L McLaughlin
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Ashley B Petrone
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Sara E Lewis
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States
| | - Dharendra Thapa
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States
| | - Dustin M Long
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Gregory M Dick
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States
| | - John M Hollander
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhan A, Sirker A, Zhang J, Protti A, Catibog N, Driver W, Botnar R, Monaghan MJ, Shah AM. High-frequency speckle tracking echocardiography in the assessment of left ventricular function and remodeling after murine myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H1371-83. [PMID: 24531814 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00553.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility and accuracy of high-frequency speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI). STE is used clinically to quantify global and regional cardiac function, but its application in mice is challenging because of the small cardiac size and rapid heart rates. A high-frequency micro-ultrasound system with STE (Visualsonics Vevo 2100) was compared against magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of global left ventricular (LV) size and function after murine MI. Animals subjected to coronary ligation (n = 46) or sham ligation (n = 27) were studied 4 wk postoperatively. Regional and global deformation were also assessed. STE-derived LV ejection fraction (EF) and mass correlated well with MRI indexes (r = 0.93, 0.77, respectively; P < 0.001), as did STE-derived mass with postmortem values (r = 0.80, P < 0.001). Higher STE-derived volumes correlated positively with MRI-derived infarct size (P < 0.01). Global strain parameters were significantly reduced after MI (all P < 0.001) and strongly correlated with LV mass and MRI-derived infarct size as promising surrogates for the extent of remodeling and infarction, respectively (both P < 0.05). Regional strain analyses showed that radial strain and strain rate were relatively preserved in anterior basal segments after MI compared with more apical segments (P < 0.001); however, longitudinal strain and strain rate were significantly impaired both basally and distally (P < 0.001). Strain-derived parameters of dyssynchrony were significantly increased in the MI group (P < 0.01). Analysis time for STE was 210 ± 45 s with acceptable inter- and intraobserver variability. In conclusion, high-frequency STE enables quantitative assessment of regional and global function in the remodeling murine LV after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bhan
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song CF, Zhou Q, Guo RQ. Alteration in the global and regional myocardial strain patterns in patients with inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction prior to and after percutaneous coronary intervention. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2014; 30:29-34. [PMID: 24388056 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the alteration on regional and global strains of left and right ventricle (LV, RV) in patients with inferior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction (MI). Patients were examined prior to and 7 days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using speckle-tracking techniques. Fifty-nine patients (36 males and 23 females) and 60 healthy controls (40 males and 20 females) were enrolled in this study. LV strains were measured from three deformations including radial, longitudinal, and circumferential. RV strains were measured only from the longitudinal. Three types of LV global strains were significantly lower in patients than in controls, and LV global longitudinal and circumferential strains were moderately improved by PCI. The LV regional strains reduced significantly in most of the segments (87%) after inferior wall MI and over half of them (60%) were improved by PCI. The RV global longitudinal strains were significantly lower in patients than in controls, and they were moderately improved by PCI. In conclusion, the regional and global strains of LV and RV were reduced in patients with inferior wall MI, and PCI most markedly improved the global strains and regional strains of the infarct and adjacent myocardium in the apical and middle levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fang Song
- Department of Ultrasonography, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui-Qiang Guo
- Department of Ultrasonography, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koch SE, Haworth KJ, Robbins N, Smith MA, Lather N, Anjak A, Jiang M, Varma P, Jones WK, Rubinstein J. Age- and gender-related changes in ventricular performance in wild-type FVB/N mice as evaluated by conventional and vector velocity echocardiography imaging: a retrospective study. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:2034-2043. [PMID: 23791351 PMCID: PMC4857602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Detailed studies in animal models to assess the importance of aging animals in cardiovascular research are rather scarce. The increase in mouse models used to study cardiovascular disease makes the establishment of physiologic aging parameters in myocardial function in both male and female mice critical. Forty-four FVB/N mice were studied at multiple time points between the ages of 3 and 16 mo using high-frequency echocardiography. Our study found that there is an age-dependent decrease in several systolic and diastolic function parameters in male mice, but not in female mice. This study establishes the physiologic age- and gender-related changes in myocardial function that occur in mice and can be measured with echocardiography. We report baseline values for traditional echocardiography and advanced echocardiographic techniques to measure discrete changes in cardiac function in the commonly employed FVB/N strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl E. Koch
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin J. Haworth
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nathan Robbins
- Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Margaret A. Smith
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Navneet Lather
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ahmad Anjak
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Min Jiang
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Priyanka Varma
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - W. Keith Jones
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Regional cardiac dysfunction and dyssynchrony in a murine model of afterload stress. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59915. [PMID: 23560059 PMCID: PMC3613376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Small animal models of afterload stress have contributed much to our present understanding of the progression from hypertension to heart failure. High-sensitivity methods for phenotyping cardiac function in vivo, particular in the setting of compensated cardiac hypertrophy, may add new information regarding alterations in cardiac performance that can occur even during the earliest stages of exposure to pressure overload. We have developed an echocardiographic analytical method, based on speckle-tracking-based strain analyses, and used this tool to rapidly phenotype cardiac changes resulting from afterload stress in a small animal model. Adult mice were subjected to ascending aortic constriction, with and without subsequent reversal of the pressure gradient. In this model of compensated hypertrophic cardiac remodeling, conventional echocardiographic measurements did not detect changes in left ventricular (LV) function at the early time points examined. Strain analyses, however, revealed a decrement in basal longitudinal myofiber shortening that was induced by aortic constriction and improved following relief of the pressure gradient. Furthermore, we observed that pressure overload resulted in LV segmental dyssynchrony that was attenuated with return of the afterload to baseline levels. Herein, we describe the use of echocardiographic strain analyses for cardiac phenotyping in a mouse model of pressure overload. This method provides evidence of dyssynchrony and regional myocardial dysfunction that occurs early with compensatory hypertrophy, and improves following relief of aortic constriction. Importantly, these findings illustrate the utility of a rapid, non-invasive method for characterizing early cardiac dysfunction, not detectable by conventional echocardiography, following afterload stress.
Collapse
|
8
|
Vartdal T, Pettersen E, Helle-Valle T, Lyseggen E, Andersen K, Smith HJ, Aaberge L, Smiseth OA, Edvardsen T. Identification of Viable Myocardium in Acute Anterior Infarction Using Duration of Systolic Lengthening by Tissue Doppler Strain: A Preliminary Study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2012; 25:718-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
9
|
Wang YT, Popović ZB, Efimov IR, Cheng Y. Longitudinal study of cardiac remodelling in rabbits following infarction. Can J Cardiol 2012; 28:230-8. [PMID: 22265993 PMCID: PMC4754104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodelling following myocardial infarction (MI) is a complex, dynamic process. There have been few longitudinal studies of these changes. METHODS A 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was performed on 20 rabbits, before and 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after MI (n = 14) and twice for controls (n = 6). Chronic left ventricular (LV) infarct size was histologically characterized and correlated with mechanical function. A linear mixed model was used to analyze longitudinal and infarct size-related changes in LV end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF), sphericity, circumferential strain, and wall motion score index. RESULTS Mean LV infarct size was 28.9% ± 9.3%. After MI, rapid remodelling occurred in LVESV, LVEF, and sphericity for 2 weeks and LVEDV for 4 weeks, with slower changes afterwards. LV infarct size correlated with LVESV (r = 0.76), LVEDV (r = 0.71), and LVEF (r = 0.69). Larger infarcts resulted in greater LVESV dilation (P = 0.04) and faster LVEDV (P < 0.01), LVEF (P < 0.01), and sphericity (P < 0.01) remodelling. Apical global circumferential strain and wall motion score index increased for 1 week, then stabilized, regardless of infarct size, and apical global circumferential strain was correlated with apical infarction (r = 0.58). Additionally, regional circumferential strain decreased in segments with severe (> 80%) infarction more quickly (P < 0.01) and by a greater degree (P = 0.04) compared with segments with minor (< 20%) infarction. CONCLUSIONS The most dynamic remodelling of cardiac function in this model occurred during the first 4 weeks, stabilizing thereafter, with changes maintained up to 12 weeks. Infarct size affected both the early rate and long-term extent of mechanical remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yves T. Wang
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Zoran B. Popović
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Igor R. Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yuanna Cheng
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bochenek T, Wita K, Tabor Z, Grabka M, Krzych Ł, Wróbel W, Berger-Kucza A, Elżbieciak M, Doruchowska A, Gluza MT. Value of speckle-tracking echocardiography for prediction of left ventricular remodeling in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous intervention. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2011; 24:1342-8. [PMID: 22000785 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular remodeling (LVr) is still common after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Early predictors of remodeling are being investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prognostic value of speckle-tracking echocardiography for the prediction of LVr 3 months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI and to analyze the relationship between values of peak longitudinal strain of particular LV segments and relative changes of their subvolumes. METHODS Patients with first STEMI were enrolled. Baseline enzymes were collected, and electrocardiography and echocardiography (transthoracic echocardiography, speckle-tracking echocardiography, and three-dimensional studies) were preformed. Three months after myocardial infarction, two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonographic studies were done. RESULTS Sixty-six patients were divided into two groups: 44 patients without LVr and 22 patients with LVr. Among 31 patients with anterior wall STEMI, the rate of LVr was 42%. On the basis of assessments of baseline and follow-up myocardial wall contractility, 1,041 segments were analyzed. All segments were divided into normal (n = 842), reversibly dysfunctional (n = 68), and irreversibly dysfunctional (n = 131). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that global longitudinal strain predicted LVr with an optimal cutoff value of -12.5% (area under the curve, 0.77). In multivariate analysis, diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 4.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-18.02) and global longitudinal strain (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.37) were determinants of LVr. Positive correlations were found between peak longitudinal strain and changes in subvolumes for all segments (R = 0.11, P = .005) and for those irreversibly dysfunctional (R = 0.22, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS In patients with STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention, the frequency of LVr during 3-month follow-up was high and mainly affected the population with anterior wall myocardial infarction. The results of this study show the clinical value of global longitudinal strain measured by speckle-tracking echocardiography in the prediction of LVr. A moderate correlation was found between the value of peak longitudinal strain and changes in subvolumes attributed to irreversibly dysfunctional segments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Bochenek
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Thibault H, Gomez L, Bergerot C, Augeul L, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Ovize M, Derumeaux G. Strain-Rate Imaging Predicts the Attenuation of Left Ventricular Remodeling Induced by Ischemic Postconditioning After Myocardial Infarction in Mice. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2011; 4:550-7. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.110.962282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Thibault
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| | - Ludovic Gomez
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| | - Cyrille Bergerot
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| | - Lionel Augeul
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| | - Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| | - Michel Ovize
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- From Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France, U1060-CARMEN, Cardioprotection, Lyon, France (H.T., L.G., L.A., M.O., G.D.); Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (H.T., C.B., M.O., G.D.); and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Luo J, Konofagou EE. Imaging of wall motion coupled with blood flow velocity in the heart and vessels in vivo: a feasibility study. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2011; 37:980-95. [PMID: 21546155 PMCID: PMC4009734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical property and geometry changes as a result of cardiovascular disease affect both the wall motion and blood flow in the heart and vessels, whereas the latter two are also coupled and therefore continuously influence one another. Simultaneous and registered imaging of both cardiovascular wall motion and blood velocity may thus contribute to more complete computational models of cardiovascular mechanical and fluid dynamics as well as provide additional diagnostic information. The objective of this paper was to determine the feasibility of imaging cardiovascular wall motion coupled with blood flow in vivo. Normal (n = 6) and infarcted (n = 5) murine left ventricles, and normal (n = 5) and aneurysmal (n = 4) murine abdominal aortas, were imaged in longitudinal views with a 30-MHz ultrasound probe. Using electrocardiogram (ECG) gating, 2-D radio-frequency (RF) data were acquired at a frame rate of 8 kHz. The axial wall velocity and blood velocity were estimated using a speckle-tracking technique. Spatially and temporally registered imaging of both cardiovascular wall motion and blood flow was shown to be feasible. Reduced wall motion was detected in the infarcted region, whereas vortex flow patterns were imaged in diastolic phases of both normal and infarcted left ventricles. The myocardial wall motion and blood flow were found to be more synchronous in the normal heart, where the blood moves toward the anteroseptal wall after the mitral valve opens (i.e., rapid filling phase), and the anteroseptal wall simultaneously undergoes outward motion. In the infarcted heart, however, in the rapid filling phase, the basal anteroseptal wall starts moving about 20 ms before the mitral valve opens and the blood enters the left ventricle. In the normal aorta, the wall motion and blood velocity were uniform and synchronous. In the aneurysmal aorta, reduced and spatially varied wall motion and vortex flow patterns in the aneurysmal sac were found. The wall motion and blood velocity were thus less synchronous in the aneurysmal aorta. Cardiovascular wall motion and blood flow were both imaged in mice in vivo. This dual information may provide important insights for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease as well as essential parameters for its biomechanical modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Elisa E. Konofagou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bauer M, Cheng S, Jain M, Ngoy S, Theodoropoulos C, Trujillo A, Lin FC, Liao R. Echocardiographic speckle-tracking based strain imaging for rapid cardiovascular phenotyping in mice. Circ Res 2011; 108:908-16. [PMID: 21372284 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.239574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE High-sensitivity in vivo phenotyping of cardiac function is essential for evaluating genes of interest and novel therapies in small animal models of cardiovascular disease. Transthoracic echocardiography is the principal method currently used for assessing cardiac structure and function; however, standard echocardiographic techniques are relatively insensitive to early or subtle changes in cardiac performance, particularly in mice. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate an echocardiographic strain imaging methodology for sensitive and rapid cardiac phenotyping in small animal models. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, we describe a modified echocardiographic technique that uses speckle-tracking based strain analysis for the noninvasive evaluation of cardiac performance in adult mice. This method is found to be rapid, reproducible, and highly sensitive in assessing both regional and global left ventricular (LV) function. Compared with conventional echocardiographic measures of LV structure and function, peak longitudinal strain and strain rate were able to detect changes in adult mouse hearts at an earlier time point following myocardial infarction and predicted the later development of adverse LV remodeling. Moreover, speckle-tracking based strain analysis was able to clearly identify subtle improvement in LV function that occurred early in response to standard post-myocardial infarction cardiac therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the utility of speckle-tracking based strain imaging for detecting discrete functional alterations in mouse models of cardiovascular disease in an efficient and comprehensive manner. Echocardiography speckle-tracking based strain analysis represents a method for relatively high-throughput and sensitive cardiac phenotyping, particularly in evaluating emerging cardiac agents and therapies in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bauer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tournoux F, Petersen B, Thibault H, Zou L, Raher MJ, Kurtz B, Halpern EF, Chaput M, Chao W, Picard MH, Scherrer-Crosbie M. Validation of noninvasive measurements of cardiac output in mice using echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2011; 24:465-70. [PMID: 21315557 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although multiple echocardiographic methods exist to calculate cardiac output (CO), they have not been validated in mice using a reference method. METHODS Echocardiographic and flow probe measurements of CO were obtained in mice before and after albumin infusion and inferior vena cava occlusions. Echocardiography was also performed before and after endotoxin injection. Cardiac output was calculated using left ventricular volumes obtained from an M-mode or a two-dimensional view, left ventricular stroke volume calculated using the pulmonary flow, or estimated by the measurement of pulmonary velocity time integral (VTI). RESULTS Close correlations were demonstrated between flow probe-measured CO and all echocardiographic measurements of CO. All echocardiographic-derived CO overestimated the flow probe-measured CO. Two-dimensional image-derived CO was associated with the smallest overestimation of CO. Interobserver variability was lowest for pulmonary VTI-derived CO. CONCLUSION In mice, CO calculated from two-dimensional parasternal long-axis images is most accurate when compared with flow probe measurements; however, pulmonary VTI-derived CO is subject to less variability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Tournoux
- Ultrasound Cardiac Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
High-Resolution Echocardiographic Assessment of Infarct Size and Cardiac Function in Mice with Myocardial Infarction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2011; 24:219-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
16
|
Treguer F, Donal E, Tamareille S, Ghaboura N, Derumeaux G, Furber A, Prunier F. Speckle tracking imaging improves in vivo assessment of EPO-induced myocardial salvage early after ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 298:H1679-86. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01058.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A noninvasive assessment of infarct size and transmural extension of myocardial infarction (TEMI) is fundamental in experimental models of ischemia-reperfusion. Conventional echocardiography parameters are limited in this purpose. This study was designed to examine whether speckle tracking imaging can be used in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion to accurately detect the reduction of infarct size and TEMI induced by erythropoietin (EPO) as early as 24 h after reperfusion. Rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: myocardial infarction (MI)-control group, 45 min ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion; MI-EPO group, similar surgery with a single bolus of EPO administered at the onset of reperfusion; and sham-operated group. Short-axis two-dimensional echocardiography was performed after reperfusion. Global radial (GSr) and circumferential (GScir) strains were compared with infarct size and TEMI assessed after triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. As a result, ejection fraction, shortening fraction, GSr, and GScir significantly correlated to infarct size, whereas only GSr and GScir significantly correlated to TEMI. EPO significantly decreased infarct size (30.8 ± 3.5 vs. 56.2 ± 5.7% in MI-control, P < 0.001) and TEMI (0.37 ± 0.05 vs. 0.77 ± 0.05 in MI-control, P < 0.001). None of the conventional echocardiography parameters was significantly different between the MI-EPO and MI-control groups, whereas GSr was significantly higher in the MI-EPO group (29.1 ± 4.7 vs. 16.4 ± 3.3% in MI-control; P < 0.05). Furthermore, GScir and GSr appeared to be the best parameters to identify a TEMI >0.75 24 h after reperfusion. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the usefulness of speckle tracking imaging in the early evaluation of a cardioprotective strategy in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Treguer
- Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde, Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur 3860, Université d'Angers, Angers
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers
| | - Erwan Donal
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Centre d'Investigation Clinique et d'Innovation Technologique 804, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale U 642, Rennes; and
| | - Sophie Tamareille
- Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde, Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur 3860, Université d'Angers, Angers
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde, Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur 3860, Université d'Angers, Angers
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- Cardioprotection, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale U 886, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Furber
- Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde, Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur 3860, Université d'Angers, Angers
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde, Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur 3860, Université d'Angers, Angers
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ingul CB, Malm S, Refsdal E, Hegbom K, Amundsen BH, Støylen A. Recovery of Function After Acute Myocardial Infarction Evaluated by Tissue Doppler Strain and Strain Rate. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010; 23:432-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2010.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
18
|
Schneider C, Jaquet K, Geidel S, Rau T, Malisius R, Boczor S, Zienkiewicz T, Kuck KH, Krause K. Transplantation of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells Improves Myocardial Diastolic Function: Strain Rate Imaging in a Model of Hibernating Myocardium. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2009; 22:1180-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2009.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
19
|
Scherrer-Crosbie M, Kurtz B. Ventricular remodeling and function: insights using murine echocardiography. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2009; 48:512-7. [PMID: 19615377 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix disturbances play an important role in the development of ventricular remodeling and failure. Genetically modified mice with abnormalities in the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix have been generated, in particular mice with deletion or overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Echocardiography is ideally suited to serially evaluate left ventricular (LV) size and function, thus defining the progression of LV remodeling and failure. This Review describes the echocardiographic parameters that may provide insights into the development of ventricular remodeling and heart failure. The application of echocardiography to study LV remodeling and function after myocardial infarction and LV pressure-overload in wild-type mice and mice deficient or overexpressing MMPs or TIMPs is then detailed. Finally, using the example of mice deficient in nitric oxide synthase 3, a cautionary example is given illustrating discrepancies between the cardiac echocardiographic phenotype and modifications of the extracellular matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|