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Mia MM, Cibi DM, Ghani SABA, Singh A, Tee N, Sivakumar V, Bogireddi H, Cook SA, Mao J, Singh MK. Loss of Yap/Taz in cardiac fibroblasts attenuates adverse remodelling and improves cardiac function. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1785-1804. [PMID: 34132780 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Fibrosis is associated with all forms of adult cardiac diseases including myocardial infarction (MI). In response to MI, the heart undergoes ventricular remodelling that leads to fibrotic scar due to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix mostly produced by myofibroblasts. The structural and mechanical properties of the fibrotic scar are critical determinants of heart function. Yes-associated protein (Yap) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (Taz) are the key effectors of the Hippo signalling pathway and are crucial for cardiomyocyte proliferation during cardiac development and regeneration. However, their role in cardiac fibroblasts, regulating post-MI fibrotic and fibroinflammatory response, is not well established. METHODS AND RESULTS Using mouse model, we demonstrate that Yap/Taz are activated in cardiac fibroblasts after MI and fibroblasts-specific deletion of Yap/Taz using Col1a2Cre(ER)T mice reduces post-MI fibrotic and fibroinflammatory response and improves cardiac function. Consistently, Yap overexpression elevated post-MI fibrotic response. Gene expression profiling shows significant downregulation of several cytokines involved in post-MI cardiac remodelling. Furthermore, Yap/Taz directly regulate the promoter activity of pro-fibrotic cytokine interleukin-33 (IL33) in cardiac fibroblasts. Blocking of IL33 receptor ST2 using the neutralizing antibody abrogates the Yap-induced pro-fibrotic response in cardiac fibroblasts. We demonstrate that the altered fibroinflammatory programme not only affects the nature of cardiac fibroblasts but also the polarization as well as infiltration of macrophages in the infarcted hearts. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Yap/Taz act downstream of both Wnt and TGFβ signalling pathways in regulating cardiac fibroblasts activation and fibroinflammatory response. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that Yap/Taz play an important role in controlling MI-induced cardiac fibrosis by modulating fibroblasts proliferation, transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts, and fibroinflammatory programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum M Mia
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore
| | - Dasan Mary Cibi
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore
| | | | - Anamika Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore
| | - Nicole Tee
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 169609Singapore
| | - Viswanathan Sivakumar
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore
| | - Hanumakumar Bogireddi
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 169609Singapore
| | - Junhao Mao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Manvendra K Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 169609Singapore
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2
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Dann MM, Clark SQ, Trzaskalski NA, Earl CC, Schepers LE, Pulente SM, Lennord EN, Annamalai K, Gruber JM, Cox AD, Lorenzen-Schmidt I, Seymour R, Kim KH, Goergen CJ, Mulvihill EE. Quantification of murine myocardial infarct size using 2-D and 4-D high-frequency ultrasound. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H359-H372. [PMID: 34995167 PMCID: PMC8836752 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00476.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. Severe disease is characterized by coronary artery occlusion, loss of blood flow to the myocardium, and necrosis of tissue, with subsequent remodeling of the heart wall, including fibrotic scarring. The current study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of quantitating infarct size via two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiographic akinetic length and four-dimensional (4-D) echocardiographic infarct volume and surface area as in vivo analysis techniques. We further describe and evaluate a new surface area strain analysis technique for estimating myocardial infarction (MI) size after ischemic injury. Experimental MI was induced in mice via left coronary artery ligation. Ejection fraction and infarct size were measured through 2-D and 4-D echocardiography. Infarct size established via histology was compared with ultrasound-based metrics via linear regression analysis. Two-dimensional echocardiographic akinetic length (r = 0.76, P = 0.03), 4-D echocardiographic infarct volume (r = 0.85, P = 0.008), and surface area (r = 0.90, P = 0.002) correlate well with histology. Although both 2-D and 4-D echocardiography were reliable measurement techniques to assess infarct, 4-D analysis is superior in assessing asymmetry of the left ventricle and the infarct. Strain analysis performed on 4-D data also provides additional infarct sizing techniques, which correlate with histology (surface strain: r = 0.94, P < 0.001, transmural thickness: r = 0.76, P = 0.001). Two-dimensional echocardiographic akinetic length, 4-D echocardiography ultrasound, and strain provide effective in vivo methods for measuring fibrotic scarring after MI.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study supports that both 2-D and 4-D echocardiographic analysis techniques are reliable in quantifying infarct size though 4-D ultrasound provides a more holistic image of LV function and structure, especially after myocardial infarction. Furthermore, 4-D strain analysis correctly identifies infarct size and regional LV dysfunction after MI. Therefore, these techniques can improve functional insight into the impact of pharmacological interventions on the pathophysiology of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Dann
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sydney Q Clark
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Natasha A Trzaskalski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Conner C Earl
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Luke E Schepers
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Serena M Pulente
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ebonee N Lennord
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karthik Annamalai
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Joseph M Gruber
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Abigail D Cox
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | - Richard Seymour
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyoung-Han Kim
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Group, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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3
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Mia MM, Cibi DM, Abdul Ghani SAB, Song W, Tee N, Ghosh S, Mao J, Olson EN, Singh MK. YAP/TAZ deficiency reprograms macrophage phenotype and improves infarct healing and cardiac function after myocardial infarction. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000941. [PMID: 33264286 PMCID: PMC7735680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) causes structural and functional changes in the heart leading to heart failure. The initial post-MI pro-inflammatory response followed by reparative or anti-inflammatory response is essential for minimizing the myocardial damage, healing, and scar formation. Bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) are recruited to the injured myocardium and are essential for cardiac repair as they can adopt both pro-inflammatory or reparative phenotypes to modulate inflammatory and reparative responses, respectively. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are the key mediators of the Hippo signaling pathway and are essential for cardiac regeneration and repair. However, their functions in macrophage polarization and post-MI inflammation, remodeling, and healing are not well established. Here, we demonstrate that expression of YAP and TAZ is increased in macrophages undergoing pro-inflammatory or reparative phenotype changes. Genetic deletion of YAP/TAZ leads to impaired pro-inflammatory and enhanced reparative response. Consistently, YAP activation enhanced pro-inflammatory and impaired reparative response. We show that YAP/TAZ promote pro-inflammatory response by increasing interleukin 6 (IL6) expression and impede reparative response by decreasing Arginase-I (Arg1) expression through interaction with the histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) repressor complex. These changes in macrophages polarization due to YAP/TAZ deletion results in reduced fibrosis, hypertrophy, and increased angiogenesis, leading to improved cardiac function after MI. Also, YAP activation augmented MI-induced cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. In summary, we identify YAP/TAZ as important regulators of macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory or reparative responses post-MI. Adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction causes structural and functional changes in the heart, leading to heart failure. This study shows that the Hippo pathway influences post-injury cardiac inflammation by modulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum M. Mia
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
| | - Dasan Mary Cibi
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
| | | | - Weihua Song
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Tee
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
| | - Junhao Mao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Manvendra K. Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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4
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Wu J, You J, Wang X, Wang S, Huang J, Xie Q, Gong B, Ding Z, Ye Y, Wang C, Kang L, Xu R, Li Y, Chen R, Sun A, Yang X, Jiang H, Yang F, Backx PH, Ge J, Zou Y. Left ventricular response in the transition from hypertrophy to failure recapitulates distinct roles of Akt, β-arrestin-2, and CaMKII in mice with aortic regurgitation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:219. [PMID: 32309366 PMCID: PMC7154424 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Although aortic regurgitation (AR) is a clinically important condition that is becoming increasingly common, few relevant murine models and mechanistic studies exist for this condition. In this study, we attempted to delineate the pathological and molecular changes and address the roles of some potentially relevant molecules in an animal model of surgically induced AR. Methods AR was induced by puncturing the aortic valve leaflets in C57BL/6J mice under echocardiographic guidance. Results As early as 1 week following AR, the left ventricles (LV) displayed marked impairments in diastolic function and coronary flow reserve (CFR), as well as cardiac hypertrophy and chamber dilatation at both end-systole and end-diastole. LV free wall thickening and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in LV were observed 2 weeks following of AR while a decline in ejection fraction was not seen until after 4 weeks. Nppa (natriuretic peptide A) and Nppb (natriuretic peptide B) increased over time, in conjunction with prominent Akt activation as well as slight CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) activation and biphasic changes in β-arrestin-2 expression. Treatment of AR mice with Akt inhibition exacerbated the eccentric hypertrophy, while neither inhibition of CaMKII nor β-arrestin-2 overexpression influenced the response to AR. Conclusions Our structural, functional, molecular and therapeutic analyses reveal that Akt, but not CaMKII or β-arrestin-2, plays a regulatory role in the development of LV remodeling after AR in Mice. These results may shed important light on therapeutic targets for volume overloaded cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jieyun You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayuan Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qihai Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Baoyong Gong
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Zhiwen Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Le Kang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ruizhen Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fenghua Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Peter H Backx
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Heart Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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5
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Alvarez E, Dalton ND, Gu Y, Smith D, Luong A, Hoshijima M, Peterson KL, Rychak J. A novel method for quantitative myocardial contrast echocardiography in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 314:H370-H379. [PMID: 29127239 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00568.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The small size of the mouse heart frequently imparts technical challenges when applying conventional in vivo imaging methods for assessing heart function. Here, we describe the use of high-frequency ultrasound imaging in conjunction with a size-tuned blood pool contrast agent for quantitatively assessing myocardial perfusion in living mice. A perflurocarbon microbubble formulation exhibiting a narrow size distribution was developed, and echogenicity was assessed at 18 MHz in vitro. Adult mice were subjected to permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery. Ultrasound imaging was performed on day 7, and a cohort of intact mice was used as a control. Parasternal long-axis cine clips were acquired at 18 MHz before and after contrast administration. Reduced ejection fraction and increased end-systolic volume were observed in infarcted compared with control mice. In control animals, washin of the contrast agent was visible in all myocardial segments. Reduced contrast enhancement was observed in apical-posterolateral regions of all infarcted mice. A novel method for reslicing of the imaging data through the time domain provided a two-dimensional presentation of regional contrast agent washin, enabling convenient identification of locations exhibiting altered perfusion. Myocardial segments exhibiting diminished contractility were observed to have correspondingly low relative myocardial perfusion. The contrast agent formulation and methods demonstrated here provide the basis for simplifying routine in vivo estimation of infarct size in mice and may be particularly useful in longitudinal evaluation of revascularization interventions and assessment of peri-infarct ischemia. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Murine myocardial contrast echocardiography frequently suffers from poor sensitivity to contrast. Here, we formulated a novel size-tuned microbubble contrast agent and validated it for use with ultra-high-frequency ultrasound. A novel data method for evaluating myocardial perfusion based on reslicing the imaging data through the time domain is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Alvarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California , San Diego, California
| | - N D Dalton
- Department of Medicine, University of California , San Diego, California
| | - Y Gu
- Department of Medicine, University of California , San Diego, California
| | - D Smith
- Targeson, Incorporated, San Diego, California
| | - A Luong
- Targeson, Incorporated, San Diego, California
| | - M Hoshijima
- Department of Medicine, University of California , San Diego, California
| | - K L Peterson
- Department of Medicine, University of California , San Diego, California
| | - J Rychak
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California , San Diego, California.,Targeson, Incorporated, San Diego, California
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Ramjee V, Li D, Manderfield LJ, Liu F, Engleka KA, Aghajanian H, Rodell CB, Lu W, Ho V, Wang T, Li L, Singh A, Cibi DM, Burdick JA, Singh MK, Jain R, Epstein JA. Epicardial YAP/TAZ orchestrate an immunosuppressive response following myocardial infarction. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:899-911. [PMID: 28165342 DOI: 10.1172/jci88759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease resulting from myocardial infarction (MI) is the most prevalent form of heart disease in the United States. Post-MI cardiac remodeling is a multifaceted process that includes activation of fibroblasts and a complex immune response. T-regulatory cells (Tregs), a subset of CD4+ T cells, have been shown to suppress the innate and adaptive immune response and limit deleterious remodeling following myocardial injury. However, the mechanisms by which injured myocardium recruits suppressive immune cells remain largely unknown. Here, we have shown a role for Hippo signaling in the epicardium in suppressing the post-infarct inflammatory response through recruitment of Tregs. Mice deficient in epicardial YAP and TAZ, two core Hippo pathway effectors, developed profound post-MI pericardial inflammation and myocardial fibrosis, resulting in cardiomyopathy and death. Mutant mice exhibited fewer suppressive Tregs in the injured myocardium and decreased expression of the gene encoding IFN-γ, a known Treg inducer. Furthermore, controlled local delivery of IFN-γ following MI rescued Treg infiltration into the injured myocardium of YAP/TAZ mutants and decreased fibrosis. Collectively, these results suggest that epicardial Hippo signaling plays a key role in adaptive immune regulation during the post-MI recovery phase.
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7
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Sonin D, Papayan G, Pochkaeva E, Chefu S, Minasian S, Kurapeev D, Vaage J, Petrishchev N, Galagudza M. In vivo visualization and ex vivo quantification of experimental myocardial infarction by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:151-161. [PMID: 28101408 PMCID: PMC5231288 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The fluorophore indocyanine green accumulates in areas of ischemia-reperfusion injury due to an increase in vascular permeability and extravasation of the dye. The aim of the study was to validate an indocyanine green-based technique of in vivo visualization of myocardial infarction. A further aim was to quantify infarct size ex vivo and compare this technique with the standard triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Wistar rats were subjected to regional myocardial ischemia (30 minutes) followed by reperfusion (n = 7). Indocyanine green (0.25 mg/mL in 1 mL of normal saline) was infused intravenously for 10 minutes starting from the 25th minute of ischemia. Video registration in the near-infrared fluorescence was performed. Epicardial fluorescence of indocyanine green corresponded to the injured area after 30 minutes of reperfusion. Infarct size was similar when determined ex vivo using traditional triphenyltetrazolium chloride assay and indocyanine green fluorescent labeling. Intravital visualization of irreversible injury can be done directly by fluorescence on the surface of the heart. This technique may also be an alternative for ex vivo measurements of infarct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Sonin
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
- ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Garry Papayan
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
- ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeniia Pochkaeva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana Chefu
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sarkis Minasian
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
- ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kurapeev
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jarle Vaage
- ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 1171, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nickolay Petrishchev
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
- ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Michael Galagudza
- Center for Laser Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, First I.P. Pavlov Federal Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6/8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str. 2, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia
- ITMO University, Kronverksky Avenue 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Data mining framework for identification of myocardial infarction stages in ultrasound: A hybrid feature extraction paradigm (PART 2). Comput Biol Med 2016; 71:241-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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9
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Du GQ, Xue JY, Guo Y, Chen S, Du P, Wu Y, Wang YH, Zong LQ, Tian JW. Measurement of myocardial perfusion and infarction size using computer-aided diagnosis system for myocardial contrast echocardiography. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2015; 41:2466-2477. [PMID: 26048775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Proper evaluation of myocardial microvascular perfusion and assessment of infarct size is critical for clinicians. We have developed a novel computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) approach for myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) to measure myocardial perfusion and infarct size. Rabbits underwent 15 min of coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion (group I, n = 15) or 60 min of coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion (group II, n = 15). Myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed before and 7 d after ischemia/reperfusion, and images were analyzed with the CAD system on the basis of eliminating particle swarm optimization clustering analysis. The myocardium was quickly and accurately detected using contrast-enhanced images, myocardial perfusion was quantitatively calibrated and a color-coded map calibrated by contrast intensity and automatically produced by the CAD system was used to outline the infarction region. Calibrated contrast intensity was significantly lower in infarct regions than in non-infarct regions, allowing differentiation of abnormal and normal myocardial perfusion. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis documented that -54-pixel contrast intensity was an optimal cutoff point for the identification of infarcted myocardium with a sensitivity of 95.45% and specificity of 87.50%. Infarct sizes obtained using myocardial perfusion defect analysis of original contrast images and the contrast intensity-based color-coded map in computerized images were compared with infarct sizes measured using triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Use of the proposed CAD approach provided observers with more information. The infarct sizes obtained with myocardial perfusion defect analysis, the contrast intensity-based color-coded map and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining were 23.72 ± 8.41%, 21.77 ± 7.8% and 18.21 ± 4.40% (% left ventricle) respectively (p > 0.05), indicating that computerized myocardial contrast echocardiography can accurately measure infarct size. On the basis of the results, we believe the CAD method can quickly and automatically measure myocardial perfusion and infarct size and will, it is hoped, be very helpful in clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Du
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Yi Xue
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhui Guo
- School of Science, St. Thomas University, Miami Gardens, Florida, USA
| | - Shuang Chen
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Pei Du
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Hang Wang
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li-Qiu Zong
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Wei Tian
- Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Masoud WGT, Abo Al-Rob O, Yang Y, Lopaschuk GD, Clanachan AS. Tolerance to ischaemic injury in remodelled mouse hearts: less ischaemic glycogenolysis and preserved metabolic efficiency. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:499-508. [PMID: 26150203 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Post-infarction remodelled failing hearts have reduced metabolic efficiency. Paradoxically, they have increased tolerance to further ischaemic injury. This study was designed to investigate the metabolic mechanisms that may contribute to this phenomenon and to examine the relationship between ischaemic tolerance and metabolic efficiency during post-ischaemic reperfusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to coronary artery ligation (CAL) or SHAM surgery. After 4 weeks, in vivo mechanical function was assessed by echocardiography, and then isolated working hearts were perfused in this sequence: 45 min aerobic, 15 min global no-flow ischaemia, and 30 min aerobic reperfusion. Left ventricular (LV) function, metabolic rates, and metabolic efficiency were measured. Relative to SHAM, both in vivo and in vitro CAL hearts had depressed cardiac function under aerobic conditions (45 and 36%, respectively), but they had a greater recovery of LV function during post-ischaemic reperfusion (67 vs. 49%, P < 0.05). While metabolic efficiency (LV work per ATP produced) was 50% lower during reperfusion of SHAM hearts, metabolic efficiency in CAL hearts did not decrease. During ischaemia, glycogenolysis was 28% lower in CAL hearts, indicative of lower ischaemic proton production. There were no differences in mitochondrial abundance, calcium handling proteins, or key metabolic enzymes. CONCLUSION Compared with SHAM, remodelled CAL hearts are more tolerant to ischaemic injury and undergo no further deterioration of metabolic efficiency during reperfusion. Less glycogen utilization in CAL hearts during ischaemia may contribute to increased ischaemic tolerance by limiting ischaemic proton production that may improve ion homeostasis during early reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed G T Masoud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 9-43 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Cardiovascular Research Centre, Alberta, Canada Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Osama Abo Al-Rob
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Cardiovascular Research Centre, Alberta, Canada Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 9-43 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 9-43 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Cardiovascular Research Centre, Alberta, Canada Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexander S Clanachan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 9-43 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Cardiovascular Research Centre, Alberta, Canada
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Su RJ, Zhang JM, Li RJ, Sun Y, Jiang B, Ma N, Li ZA, Luo XH, Song L, Xue JL, Wang Z, Yang Y. Ultrasound bio-microscopy for measurement of coronary artery flow and estimation of infarct size in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:2044-2052. [PMID: 23993171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound bio-microscopy was used to measure hemodynamic changes in the left main coronary artery after myocardial infarction (MI), and its usefulness in estimating infarct size was evaluated. MI was induced by left anterior descending artery ligation. Diastolic peak velocity (Vd), mean flow velocity (Vmean) and the velocity-time integral (VTI) were measured 2 and 6 h after MI. Serum troponin I levels were assayed 2, 6 and 12 h after MI. At 2 h, Vmean and VTI significantly differed between mice that underwent low and high left anterior descending artery ligation; Vd, Vmean and VTI were correlated with infarct size (r = -0.557, -0.693 and -0.672, respectively; all p < 0.01). Infarct size was more strongly correlated with 2-h ultrasound bio-microscopy measurements than with 2-h serum troponin I level. Measurement of coronary artery blood flow by ultrasound bio-microscopy may be useful for early estimation of infarct size in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Juan Su
- Ultrasound Department of Beijing AnZhen Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Shao Y, Redfors B, Tang MS, Assarsson U, Omerovic E. Novel simple approach for detection of regional perturbations of cardiac function in mouse models of cardiovascular disease. Echocardiography 2013; 30:843-9. [PMID: 23346940 DOI: 10.1111/echo.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transthoracic murine echocardiography is a cornerstone of small animal research, but conventional methods cannot detect regional perturbations in cardiac function. Reliable assessment of regional cardiac function would be of value in transgenic models of myocardial disease. Until now automatized algorithms for achieving this suffers from a number of drawbacks. We developed a simple algorithm for rapidly assessing the relative myocardial radial thickening that occurs between end-diastole and end-systole, that is, regional radial transmural end-systolic strain (RTESS). METHODS AND RESULTS Echocardiographic assessment was performed in mice at baseline (n = 8), 2 hours postintraperitoneal isoprenaline (ISO) injection (n = 8), and 10 days postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) (n = 6). A >1000 frames/sec cine loop was acquired by the ECG-gated Kilohertz visualization technique in the parasternal short-axis projection at 3 mm below the mitral annulus. Endo- and epicardial borders were traced at end-diastole and end-systole and RTESS was calculated for each of n segments by the algorithm. The intra- and inter-observer coefficients of variation for segmental RTESS assessment were 5.11 and 7.32, respectively. At baseline, average segmental RTESS was 56.75% and RTESS was similar in all cardiac segments regardless of how many segments the heart was divided into. In the akinetic myocardium of MI and ISO mice, 47.36% and 26.22% length of the endocardium, respectively, RTESS was near zero and significantly different from the remaining myocardium. CONCLUSION We describe a simple and straightforward approach to quantify regional myocardial deformation in mouse models of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhen Shao
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/C, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wu J, You J, Jiang G, Li L, Guan A, Ye Y, Li D, Gong H, Ge J, Zou Y. Noninvasive estimation of infarct size in a mouse model of myocardial infarction by echocardiographic coronary perfusion. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2012; 31:1111-1121. [PMID: 22733860 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2012.31.7.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Animal models of myocardial infarction (MI) are widely used not only in analyses of the mechanisms but also in testing the efficacy of therapeutic strategies for the disease. It is therefore critically important but almost impossible to exactly evaluate the validity of coronary artery ligation in a mouse model of MI except by anatomic and histologic analyses. We explored a noninvasive method to estimate MI through analyses of coronary perfusion by transthoracic echocardiography in mice before and 1 day after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. METHODS Transthoracic echocardiography-based cardiac function, geometry, and coronary perfusion, electrocardiographic findings, and serum troponin I levels were examined in C57BL6/J mice subjected to left anterior descending artery ligation. The histologic infarct size was confirmed by staining the heart with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. RESULTS Among all parameters, the postoperative hyperemic peak diastolic velocity and coronary flow reserve were most correlated with infarct size (R² = .8028 and .5825, respectively; both P < .0001). With an infarct size of 30% or greater indicating successful ligation and less than 30% indicating unsuccessful ligation, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the postoperative hyperemic peak diastolic velocity and coronary flow reserve most effectively indicated the infarct size level with optimal cutoff values of 480.16 mm/s and 1.89, respectively. Furthermore, impaired cardiac function, an eccentrically expanded left ventricle, typical pathologic electrocardiographic findings, and elevated troponin I levels were observed most often in the mice with an impaired hyperemic peak diastolic velocity and coronary flow reserve. CONCLUSIONS The echocardiographic hyperemic peak diastolic velocity and coronary flow reserve can estimate the histologic infarct size in mice with coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Rd 200032 Shanghai, China
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Velocity Vector Imaging Fails to Quantify Regional Myocardial Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Isoprenaline-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Echocardiography 2012; 29:818-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2012.01705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Grenne B, Eek C, Sjøli B, Dahlslett T, Hol PK, Ørn S, Skulstad H, Smiseth OA, Edvardsen T, Brunvand H. Mean Strain Throughout the Heart Cycle by Longitudinal Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography Enables Early Prediction of Infarct Size. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2011; 24:1118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ram R, Mickelsen DM, Theodoropoulos C, Blaxall BC. New approaches in small animal echocardiography: imaging the sounds of silence. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 301:H1765-80. [PMID: 21873501 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00559.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) is a hallmark of most cardiac diseases. In vivo assessment of heart function in animal models, particularly mice, is essential to refining our understanding of cardiovascular disease processes. Ultrasound echocardiography has emerged as a powerful, noninvasive tool to serially monitor cardiac performance and map the progression of heart dysfunction in murine injury models. This review covers current applications of small animal echocardiography, as well as emerging technologies that improve evaluation of LV function. In particular, we describe speckle-tracking imaging-based regional LV analysis, a recent advancement in murine echocardiography with proven clinical utility. This sensitive measure enables an early detection of subtle myocardial defects before global dysfunction in genetically engineered and rodent surgical injury models. Novel visualization technologies that allow in-depth phenotypic assessment of small animal models, including perfusion imaging and fetal echocardiography, are also discussed. As imaging capabilities continue to improve, murine echocardiography will remain a critical component of the investigator's armamentarium in translating animal data to enhanced clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Ram
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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