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Mallmin E, Traulsen A, De Monte S. Chaotic turnover of rare and abundant species in a strongly interacting model community. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312822121. [PMID: 38437535 PMCID: PMC10945849 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312822121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The composition of ecological communities varies not only between different locations but also in time. Understanding the fundamental processes that drive species toward rarity or abundance is crucial to assessing ecosystem resilience and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. In plankton communities in particular, large temporal fluctuations in species abundances have been associated with chaotic dynamics. On the other hand, microbial diversity is overwhelmingly sustained by a "rare biosphere" of species with very low abundances. We consider here the possibility that interactions within a species-rich community can relate both phenomena. We use a Lotka-Volterra model with weak immigration and strong, disordered, and mostly competitive interactions between hundreds of species to bridge single-species temporal fluctuations and abundance distribution patterns. We highlight a generic chaotic regime where a few species at a time achieve dominance but are continuously overturned by the invasion of formerly rare species. We derive a focal-species model that captures the intermittent boom-and-bust dynamics that every species undergoes. Although species cannot be treated as effectively uncorrelated in their abundances, the community's effect on a focal species can nonetheless be described by a time-correlated noise characterized by a few effective parameters that can be estimated from time series. The model predicts a nonunitary exponent of the power-law abundance decay, which varies weakly with ecological parameters, consistent with observation in marine protist communities. The chaotic turnover regime is thus poised to capture relevant ecological features of species-rich microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Mallmin
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Department of Theoretical Biology, Plön24306, Germany
| | - Arne Traulsen
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Department of Theoretical Biology, Plön24306, Germany
| | - Silvia De Monte
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Department of Theoretical Biology, Plön24306, Germany
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS, Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Science & Lettres, Paris75005, France
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Telesh I, Schubert H, Skarlato S. Wide ecological niches ensure frequent harmful dinoflagellate blooms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26495. [PMID: 38404903 PMCID: PMC10884921 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their consequences cause multiple devastating effects in various freshwater, brackish and marine ecosystems. However, HAB species at moderate population densities have positive ecological roles as primary producers of organic matter and food for zooplankton and fish. They also enhance benthic-pelagic coupling and participate in the biogeochemical cycles. The consequences of HABs are transported across the conventional environmental boundaries by numerous cascade effects in the food webs and beyond. Meanwhile, forecasts of bloom events are still limited, largely because of scarcity of reliable information on ecological niches of the bloom-forming algae. To fill up this knowledge gap, this study focused on dinoflagellates, a diverse group of mostly photosynthesizing protists (unicellular eukaryotes) capable of mixotrophy, since they play a key role in primary production and formation of blooms in marine and brackish waters worldwide. In this study, ecological niches of 17 abundant bloom-forming dinoflagellate species from coastal regions of the southern Baltic Sea were identified for the first time. It was hypothesized that wider ecological niches ensure more frequent dinoflagellate blooms compared to the species with narrower niches. This hypothesis was verified using the long-term (44 years) database on phytoplankton abundance and physical-chemical characteristics of the environment. It were analyzed 4534 datasets collected from 1972 to 2016. Fourteen abiotic parameters (water temperature, salinity, Secchi depth, pH, Chl a, and concentration of basic nutrients) were considered as ecological niche dimensions. The Principal Component Analysis presented the dissolved inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen, Chl a, and temperature as principal niche dimensions of dinoflagellates. The algal bloom criteria were refined. It was for the first time proved statistically that HAB frequency of dinoflagellate species robustly correlated with the width of their ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Telesh
- Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Hendrik Schubert
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock 18059, Germany
| | - Sergei Skarlato
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
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3
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Medvinsky AB, Nurieva NI, Adamovich BV, Radchikova NP, Rusakov AV. Direct input of monitoring data into a mechanistic ecological model as a way to identify the phytoplankton growth-rate response to temperature variations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10124. [PMID: 37349488 PMCID: PMC10287759 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36950-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an approach (knowledge-and-data-driven, KDD, modeling) that allows us to get closer to understanding the processes that affect the dynamics of plankton communities. This approach, based on the use of time series obtained as a result of ecosystem monitoring, combines the key features of both the knowledge-driven modeling (mechanistic models) and data-driven (DD) modeling. Using a KDD model, we reveal the phytoplankton growth-rate fluctuations in the ecosystem of the Naroch Lakes and determine the degree of phase synchronization between fluctuations in the phytoplankton growth rate and temperature variations. More specifically, we estimate a numerical value of the phase locking index (PLI), which allows us to assess how temperature fluctuations affect the dynamics of phytoplankton growth rates. Since, within the framework of KDD modeling, we directly include the time series obtained as a result of field measurements in the model equations, the dynamics of the phytoplankton growth rate obtained from the KDD model reflect the behavior of the lake ecosystem as a whole, and PLI can be considered as a holistic parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Medvinsky
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 142290.
| | - Nailya I Nurieva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 142290
| | - Boris V Adamovich
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 142290
- Belarusian State University, 220010, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Nataly P Radchikova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 142290
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia, 127051
| | - Alexey V Rusakov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 142290
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Rogers TL, Munch SB, Matsuzaki SIS, Symons CC. Intermittent instability is widespread in plankton communities. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:470-481. [PMID: 36707927 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chaotic dynamics appear to be prevalent in short-lived organisms including plankton and may limit long-term predictability. However, few studies have explored how dynamical stability varies through time, across space and at different taxonomic resolutions. Using plankton time series data from 17 lakes and 4 marine sites, we found seasonal patterns of local instability in many species, that short-term predictability was related to local instability, and that local instability occurred most often in the spring, associated with periods of high growth. Taxonomic aggregates were more stable and more predictable than finer groupings. Across sites, higher latitude locations had higher Lyapunov exponents and greater seasonality in local instability, but only at coarser taxonomic resolution. Overall, these results suggest that prediction accuracy, sensitivity to change and management efficacy may be greater at certain times of year and that prediction will be more feasible for taxonomic aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya L Rogers
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, USA.,Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Stephan B Munch
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, USA.,Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | | | - Celia C Symons
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Telesh IV, Skarlato SO. Harmful Blooms of Potentially Toxic Dinoflagellates in the Baltic Sea: Ecological, Cellular, and Molecular Background. RUSS J ECOL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413622060157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Munch SB, Rogers TL, Johnson BJ, Bhat U, Tsai CH. Rethinking the Prevalence and Relevance of Chaos in Ecology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-111320-052920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chaos was proposed in the 1970s as an alternative explanation for apparently noisy fluctuations in population size. Although readily demonstrated in models, the search for chaos in nature proved challenging and led many to conclude that chaos is either rare or nigh impossible to detect. However, in the intervening half-century, it has become clear that ecosystems are replete with the enabling conditions for chaos. Chaos has been repeatedly demonstrated under laboratory conditions and has been found in field data using updated detection methods. Together, these developments indicate that the apparent rarity of chaos was an artifact of data limitations and overreliance on low-dimensional population models. We invite readers to reevaluate the relevance of chaos in ecology, and we suggest that chaos is not as rare or undetectable as previously believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan B. Munch
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Tanya L. Rogers
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Bethany J. Johnson
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Uttam Bhat
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Cheng-Han Tsai
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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Fisher DN, Pruitt JN. Insights from the study of complex systems for the ecology and evolution of animal populations. Curr Zool 2020; 66:1-14. [PMID: 32467699 PMCID: PMC7245006 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations of animals comprise many individuals, interacting in multiple contexts, and displaying heterogeneous behaviors. The interactions among individuals can often create population dynamics that are fundamentally deterministic yet display unpredictable dynamics. Animal populations can, therefore, be thought of as complex systems. Complex systems display properties such as nonlinearity and uncertainty and show emergent properties that cannot be explained by a simple sum of the interacting components. Any system where entities compete, cooperate, or interfere with one another may possess such qualities, making animal populations similar on many levels to complex systems. Some fields are already embracing elements of complexity to help understand the dynamics of animal populations, but a wider application of complexity science in ecology and evolution has not occurred. We review here how approaches from complexity science could be applied to the study of the interactions and behavior of individuals within animal populations and highlight how this way of thinking can enhance our understanding of population dynamics in animals. We focus on 8 key characteristics of complex systems: hierarchy, heterogeneity, self-organization, openness, adaptation, memory, nonlinearity, and uncertainty. For each topic we discuss how concepts from complexity theory are applicable in animal populations and emphasize the unique insights they provide. We finish by outlining outstanding questions or predictions to be evaluated using behavioral and ecological data. Our goal throughout this article is to familiarize animal ecologists with the basics of each of these concepts and highlight the new perspectives that they could bring to variety of subfields.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan N Pruitt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Chaos theory discloses triggers and drivers of plankton dynamics in stable environment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20351. [PMID: 31889119 PMCID: PMC6937249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the enticing discoveries of chaos in nature, triggers and drivers of this phenomenon remain a classical enigma which needs irrefutable empirical evidence. Here we analyze results of the yearlong replicated mesocosm experiment with multi-species plankton community that allowed revealing signs of chaos at different trophic levels in strictly controlled abiotic environment. In mesocosms without external stressors, we observed the “paradox of chaos” when biotic interactions (internal drivers) were acting as generators of internal abiotic triggers of complex plankton dynamics. Chaos was registered as episodes that vanished unpredictably or were substituted by complex behaviour of other candidates when longer time series were considered. Remarkably, episodes of chaos were detected even in the most abiotically stable conditions. We developed the Integral Chaos Indicator to validate the results of the Lyapunov exponent analysis. These findings are essential for modelling and forecasting behaviour of a variety of natural and other global systems.
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Medvinsky AB, Adamovich BV, Rusakov AV, Tikhonov DA, Nurieva NI, Tereshko VM. Population Dynamics: Mathematical Modeling and Reality. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919060150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Tikhonov DA, Medvinsky AB. An Analysis of Mutual Correlations between Fluctuations in Plankton Population Abundances and Temperature Variations Based on the Example of the Ecosystem of the Naroch Lakes. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919040201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Bhardwaj R, Das S. Recurrence quantification analysis of a three level trophic chain model. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02182. [PMID: 31508516 PMCID: PMC6726590 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence plots and recurrence quantification analysis based measures - recurrence rate, determinism, divergence, entropy, laminarity and trapping time, are used to detect transitions between periodic and chaotic states and also the laminar states of the complex three species food web model with improved growth rate function and predatory ability. The study of dynamical equation of such a complex biological system with transients in terms of these measures results in localization of bifurcation behavior of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Bhardwaj
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
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13
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Mukherjee N, Ghorai S, Banerjee M. Effects of density dependent cross-diffusion on the chaotic patterns in a ratio-dependent prey-predator model. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Stationary, non-stationary and invasive patterns for a prey-predator system with additive Allee effect in prey growth. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rusakov AV, Medvinsky AV, Nurieva NI. Analysis of the Recurrence of Noisy Time Series. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350918040139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Kazantseva TI, Adamovich BV, Alimov AF, Zhukova TV, Solntsev VN. Singular Spectrum Analysis of Hydroecological Parameter Dynamics of Lake Naroch’ in the Years 1978–2015. RUSS J ECOL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413618010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Medvinsky AB, Adamovich BV, Aliev RR, Chakraborty A, Lukyanova EV, Mikheyeva TM, Nikitina LV, Nurieva NI, Rusakov AV, Zhukova TV. Temperature as a factor affecting fluctuations and predictability of the abundance of lake bacterioplankton. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Medvinsky AB, Nurieva NI, Rusakov AV, Adamovich BV. Deterministic chaоs and the problem of predictability in population dynamics. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350917010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Stehlík M, Dušek J, Kiseľák J. Missing chaos in global climate change data interpreting? ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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