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Wang D, Li P, Cai Y, Luo M, Xu Z, Wu G, Qiu G. Enhanced Mercury Accumulation in Riparian Spiders: An Evidence of Insects' Emergence Effect in Aquatic and Upland Terrestrial Crossed Habitat. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:114. [PMID: 37316587 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03755-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have focused on mercury (Hg) accumulation in both aquatic and terrestrial organisms, but the effects of aquatic Hg on terrestrial organisms have rarely been documented. Here we report the accumulation of Hg in two species of spiders, Argiope bruennichi, inhabiting paddy fields, and Nephila clavata, inhabiting small forests in the riparian zones of two hydroelectric reservoirs in Guiyang, southwest China. The mean concentration of total mercury (THg) was higher in N. clavata (0.38 mg kg-1) than in A. bruennichi (0.20 mg kg-1). The monthly average THg in N. clavata, collected consecutively from May to October, and the highest values for THg in June (1.2 mg kg-1) could be related to the emergence of aquatic insects during early summer, suggesting that emerging insects play a crucial role in the accumulation of Hg in riparian spiders. The high values could also be attributable to the different times of spider sampling or individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pan Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yiyu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Muxinjian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhidong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Gaoen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Guangle Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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Yang Z, Wang Y, Wang K, Zhang Y, Yu N, Liu Z. Effects of urea application on the reproduction of Pardosa pseudoannulata: Field and laboratory studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134697. [PMID: 35513078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an important chemical fertilizer, urea can greatly increase crop yields, but it also has negative effects on beneficial arthropods in the agricultural field, such as spiders. Here, we reported that urea application reduced the reproductive performance in Pardosa pseudoannulata, a dominant species of spider in rice fields, which preys on a range of insect pests, based on both field and laboratory studies. In a field test, urea application significantly reduced the egg production of adult and subadult females collected from the urea-treated fields. A laboratory test was set up to further evaluate the impact of urea application on P. pseudoannulata reproduction. In consistent with field test results, the spiders treated by urea for 14 d and 28 d had lower reproduction ability than their control counterparts, with regard to the mating rate, egg production, and egg hatchability. The transcriptomic sequencing of individuals treated by urea for 28 d showed that urea application caused a number of differentially expressed transcripts with several downregulated unigenes related to basic enzymes and several upregulated unigenes involved in stress resistance. The knockdown of a metalloproteinase gene caused a significant decrease in egg production, and the silencing of a carboxylesterase gene significantly reduced both the egg production and egg hatchability. Taken together, the present study found that urea application reduced P. pseudoannulata reproduction ability and the negative impact partially resulted from the downregulation of certain basic enzyme genes. The study provided a fresh view of fertilizers on beneficial arthropods with great potential in the protection of P. pseudoannulata in fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yunchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Na Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Aziz N, Butt A. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic detoxification in Lycosa terrestris and Pardosa birmanica exposed to single and binary mixture of copper and lead. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 80:103500. [PMID: 32950716 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organisms employ various enzymatic and non-enzymatic detoxification mechanisms to minimize the harmful effects of metal pollution in the terrestrial environment. We examined the effects of copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and their mixture (Cu + Pb) on glutathione (GSH), metallothionein (MTs), cytochrome P450 (CYP 450), carboxylesterase (CarbE), acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in Lycosa terrestris and Pardosa birmanica via two exposure routes, i.e., soil and food for 10, 20 and 40 days. The present results revealed that the accumulation of Cu and Pb in both spiders' species increase with exposure duration and depend on the route of exposure and type of metal. The activities of CarbE, GST, and MTs significantly increased with increasing metal body burden for all experimental treatments. The CYP 450 activity exhibited a significant time-dependent decrease with increasing Cu concentration in both species. The AchE activity was significantly inhibited on Pb exposure via soil and Cu + Pb exposure via both routes. The decrease in the level of GSH was measured on Cu + Pb exposure via both routes. Thus, all these enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses are sensitive to the metals tested and could serve as early warning indicators for assessing the effects of metal pollution in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Aziz
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Abida Butt
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Jia Q, Dahms HU, Wang L. Detection of Metallothionein Proteins by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:544-554. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666191127124629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich proteins that bind to heavy
metals. MTs play a key role in the homeostasis of metal ions, maintaining intracellular redox equilibria
and free radical scavenging. In several studies, under different conditions such as cancer development,
drug therapy and heavy metal stress, the unique structural changes and functional effects of MT were
studied. Although several assays are available to monitor the content and type of Metallothionein (MT)
from environmental samples or in biomedical assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA)
became the preferred method of MT detection. ELISA is low in cost, specific, simple, and efficient.
This review evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of using different types of ELISA in the
detection of metallothioneins from environmental or clinical samples as well as ways of its validation
and cross-validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Jia
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Aziz N, Butt A, Elsheikha HM. Assessment of bioaccumulation of cu and Pb in experimentally exposed spiders, Lycosa terrestris and Pardosa birmanica, using different exposure routes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3309-3319. [PMID: 31838701 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Major concerns exist regarding the environmental and human health risks caused by exposure to heavy metals. Spiders are often used as a model in ecotoxicological studies to assess soil pollution. Here, we measured the bioaccumulation of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in spiders, Lycosa terrestris and Pardosa birmanica, by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We investigated whether Cu and Pb accumulation differs according to different spider species, single versus combined metal exposure, and routes of exposure. Spiders were exposed to 10 mM CuSO4 and 10 mM PbCl2 solutions separately or in combination (10 mM + 10 mM) through different exposure routes (spiked soil and food) for 6 weeks. The effect of metals on the survival and body mass of exposed and unexposed (control) spiders was determined. We found that in both spider species, accumulation of metals increased with exposure time. In single metal exposure, Cu accumulation from food was higher than soil exposure in both spider species, whereas the opposite was observed for Pb. The simultaneous uptake of Cu and Pb significantly decreased from food and soil, respectively. Soil exposure caused more accumulation of metals in L. terrestris than P. birmanica. Metal exposure via contaminated food caused higher mortality compared to soil exposure. Body mass of both spider species was significantly decreased and negatively correlated with metal's concentration. Overall, our results show that bioaccumulation efficiency of Cu and Pb differs significantly in spiders exposed to metal's mixture compared to single metal exposure and is dependent on the exposure route, the type of metal, and spider species. More understanding of the effects of exposure to metal mixture and exposure routes is essential for designing and supporting risk assessment and ecological monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Aziz
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Abida Butt
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
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Tarnawska M, Babczyńska A, Hassa K, Kafel A, Płachetka-Bożek A, Augustyniak J, Dziewięcka M, Flasz B, Augustyniak M. Protective role of zinc in Spodoptera exigua larvae under 135-generational cadmium exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:785-793. [PMID: 31280047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether zinc supplementation modulates cadmium toxicity in the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua selected for 135 generations towards cadmium tolerance. To achieve this, larvae originating from three laboratory populations of S. exigua (control strain - C; cadmium-intoxicated for 135 generations strain - Cd, and control strain intoxicated with Cd for 1 generation - CCd) were additionally exposed to zinc in three concentrations (Zn1, 400 μg Zn·g-1 dry mass of food; Zn2; 200 μg Zn·g-1 dry mass of food; Zn3, 100 μg Zn·g-1 dry mass of food). As the markers of toxicity, a life history traits (the duration of L4 and L5 stages), cellular (DNA damage indices) and biochemical parameters (ADP/ATP ratio and ATP and HSP70 concentrations) were chosen. The duration of larval stages of Zn supplemented larvae was prolonged, while cellular and biochemical indicators, in general, appeared to be lower in comparison to the insects from respective reference groups in each laboratory populations. Moreover, the range of the differences depended on zinc concentration in food. We can suspect that zinc supplementation contributed to the protection of S. exigua individuals against negative effects of cadmium intoxication, probably at the cost of growth rate. Significant differences in the response pattern between insects from different laboratory populations indicate that the influence of additional stress factors is dependent on the overall condition of animals and their previous adaptation to other stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Tarnawska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Hassa
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Kafel
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Płachetka-Bożek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jan Augustyniak
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Dziewięcka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Flasz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
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Tarnawska M, Kafel A, Augustyniak M, Rost-Roszkowska M, Babczyńska A. Microevolution or wide tolerance? Level of stress proteins in the beet armyworm Spodoptera eqigua hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) exposed to cadmium for over 150 generations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 178:1-8. [PMID: 30980963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the cadmium tolerance developed in the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua selected for over 150 generations may be related to synthesis of the stress proteins metallothioneins (Mts) and 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70). To achieve this, six S. exigua strains (control, k), 150-generation Cd exposure strain (cd), and four 18-generation Cd exposure strains differing in Cd concentration (cd44, cd22, cd11, cd5) were reared. Stress protein level was measured in the midgut of the 5th larval stage after 1-6, 12 and 18 generations. Cd contents was measured in the pupae. Unlike Cd concentration, which depended on metal contents in food but was not generation-dependent, the pattern of Mts and HSP70 concentrations changed in experimental strains from generation to generation. Stress protein levels in the insects exposed to the highest Cd concentration (the same as in the 150-generation Cd exposure strain), initially higher than in the control strain, after the 12th generation did not differ from the level measured in the control strains. It seems therefore that stress proteins play a protective role in insects of lower tolerance to cadmium. The tolerance developed during multigenerational exposure probably relies on mechanisms other than Mt and HSP70 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Tarnawska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Kafel
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- Department of Histology and Animal Histology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40007, Katowice, Poland.
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Wang J, Wei B, Peng Y, Huang T, Yang H, Peng X, Xie C, Xu X, Sun Z, Wang Z, Lv Z, Song Q. Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular response to cadmium toxicity in P. pseudoannulata. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34294-34305. [PMID: 30291617 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) can be transferred and accumulated in spiders, posing a survival risk to them. To analyze potential biological damage caused by Cd accumulation and relevant detoxification strategies employed by spiders in response to Cd exposure, we conducted transcriptome analysis of the 5th instar spider P. pseudoannulata, a common spider species playing a vital role in natural pest control in agricultural fields of southern China. We obtained 92,778 unigenes with an average length of 1104 bp and identified 302, 655, and 424 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the spiders fed with Cd-containing fruit flies for 2, 5, and 8 days, respectively. Results showed that the body mass of Cd-containing P. pseudoannulata were reduced when compared with controls, presumably due to delayed maturation of tissues and organs. Meanwhile, functional analysis of DEGs indicated that Cd may have a negative effect on neural signal transduction and molt cycle of the spider. For defense strategies, detoxification enzymes like glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and P450, and typical proteins like heat shock protein and metallothionein were all differentially expressed in response to Cd stress. Besides, innate immune responses like toll-like receptor signaling pathways were also upregulated. Multiple critical Cd-responsive genes involved in biological damage, detoxification, and immune response were identified, providing referable foundation for further research on Cd toxicity to P. pseudoannulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Baoyang Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yuande Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Huang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjin Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Chunliang Xie
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiying Sun
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiyue Lv
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Wilczek G, Karcz J, Putko A, Kędziorski A, Wilczek P, Stalmach M, Szulińska E. The effect of ingested cadmium on the calorific value and structural properties of hunting webs produced by Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) spiders. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:1298-1307. [PMID: 28237463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess whether cadmium administered via ingestion to Steatoda grossa cobweb spiders (Theridiidae) affects the energy content and selected structural properties of the produced hunting webs. Cadmium content in webs was assessed with AAS and SEM X-ray microanalysis, while the diameters of silk fibers were estimated with SEM. The energy content of samples was measured in an oxygen micro-bomb calorimeter. Females and males showed different reactions to cadmium supplied through food. In comparison to females, males displayed higher metal concentrations in their bodies and hunting webs, however their calorific values and structural features were not significantly changed. Cadmium-treated females spun webs with smaller single-strand diameters and more frequent multi-stranded threads and invested 47% less energy in web production than the control individuals. It cannot be excluded that such a reduction in energy expenditure for web building in females resulted from energetically costly detoxifying reactions triggered in response to direct and indirect effects of cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Wilczek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland.
| | - Jagna Karcz
- Laboratory of Scanning Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Anna Putko
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kędziorski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Piotr Wilczek
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Heart Prosthesis Institute FRK, Wolności 345a, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
| | - Monika Stalmach
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Szulińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
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10
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Gardiner MM, Harwood JD. Influence of heavy metal contamination on urban natural enemies and biological control. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 20:45-53. [PMID: 28602235 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Urban agriculture is increasing worldwide. A history of contamination within urban landscapes may negatively impact the biota necessary for sustainable crop production, including arthropod natural enemies. This investigation revealed that heavy metal contamination can influence the composition of natural enemy communities and exposure can have reproductive, developmental, immunological and behavioral impacts on predators and parasitoids. Natural enemies exposed to heavy metals typically live shorter lives, take longer to develop and exhibit a reduced reproductive potential. Further, they may incur significant energy costs though the production of detoxification enzymes. This is a new and relatively unexplored area for biological control research, with important implications for our understanding of urban agricultural food web interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Gardiner
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - James D Harwood
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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11
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Durkalec M, Kolenda R, Owczarek T, Szkoda J, Nawrocka A, Grzegrzółka J, Dzięgiel P, Socha P, Kołacz R, Schierack P, Żmudzki J, Posyniak A. Expression of metallothionein in the liver and kidneys of the red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) from an industrial metal smelting area of Poland. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 137:121-129. [PMID: 27918943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The metallothionein 1 (MT1) coding sequence of red deer was identified and compared to orthologous sequences from other mammals. Over 90% identity was observed between red deer MT1 amino acid sequence and MT1 sequences of other ruminants. Liver and kidney samples of red deer were collected from the industrial zinc smelting site of Miasteczko Slaskie and from the Masuria Lake District serving as a pollution-free control site. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrometry technique (AAS). The levels of Cd in the liver of red deer from the metal smelting region was about 8 times higher than for the reference control site. Next, the expression of MT1 mRNA in the liver of red deer was quantified by the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and the expression of MT1/2 protein in the liver and kidneys was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Positive correlations were found between expression levels for MT1 mRNA and the concentrations of Cu and Zn in liver of red deer, and with the age of animals. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated the nuclear and cytoplasmatic expression in both liver and kidney tissues, but with no obvious relationship shown for the expression of MT1/2 protein and tissue metal levels. Our results showed that the analysis of MT expression levels in the red deer could not be used independently as a biomarker for identifying exposure to Cd, but could be co-analyzed with tissue metal levels to give better prognosis for environmental exposure to metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Durkalec
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Rafał Kolenda
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Großenhainer Str. 57, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C. K. Norwida 31, 51-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Owczarek
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C. K. Norwida 31, 51-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Józef Szkoda
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nawrocka
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Grzegrzółka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chałubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chałubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Physical Education, al. I. J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Socha
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. M. Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Roman Kołacz
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Peter Schierack
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Großenhainer Str. 57, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jan Żmudzki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Andrzej Posyniak
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
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Bednarek A, Sawadro M, Babczyńska A. Modulation of the response to stress factors of Xerolycosa nemoralis (Lycosidae) spiders living in contaminated environments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 131:1-6. [PMID: 27162128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of industry has caused widespread pollution in the environment, which has a negative impact on living organisms. Spiders belong to the group of animals that can exist in these anthropogenically changed areas. This is probably due to the development of tolerance mechanisms in these organisms. The impact of long-term pollution on the development of the pre-adaptation to various stress factors in spiders is unknown. In this paper, we show that living in polluted areas affects the modulation of the response to other stress factors through changes in the Hsp70 level. We observed a positive reaction to heat shock in all of the experimental groups, which was expressed by an increase in Hsp70 synthesis compared to the control. The analysis of the protein level, which was a manifestation of the pre-adaptation, was dependent on the degree of pollution on the study sites, the sexes and the type of bioassay that was performed. Our results demonstrate the reaction of spiders living in contaminated areas to the presence of additional stressors. We anticipate our results will be another voice in the discussion on the use of Hsp70 as a stress biomarker in environmental biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Bednarek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Marta Sawadro
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland
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Bengtsson G, Pallon J, Nilsson C, Triebskorn R, Köhler HR. PIXE-electrophoresis shows starving collembolan reallocates protein-bound metals. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:115-120. [PMID: 26507895 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
One of multiple functions of metalloproteins is to provide detoxification to excess metal levels in organisms. Here we address the induction and persistence of a range of low to high molecular weight copper- and zinc binding proteins in the collembolan species Tetrodontophora bielanensis exposed to copper- and zinc-enriched food, followed by a period of recovery from metal exposure, in absence and presence of food. After 10 days of feeding copper and zinc contaminated yeast, specimens were either moved to ample of leaf litter material from their woodland stand of origin or starved (no food offered). The molecular weight distribution of metal binding proteins was determined by native polyacryl gel electrophoresis. One gel was stained with Comassie brilliant blue and a duplicate gel dried and scanned for the amount of copper and zinc by particle-induced X-ray emission. Specimens exposed to copper and recovered from it with ample of food had copper bound to two groups of rather low molecular weight proteins (40-50 kDa) and two of intermediate size (70-80 kDa). Most zinc in specimens from the woodland stand was bound to two large proteins of about 104 and 106 kDa. The same proteins were holding some zinc in metal-exposed specimens, but most zinc was found in proteins <40 kDa in size. Specimens recovered from metal exposure in presence of ample of food had the same distribution pattern of zinc binding proteins, whereas starved specimens had zinc as well as copper mainly bound to two proteins of 8 and 10 kDa in size. Thus, the induction and distribution of copper- and zinc-binding proteins depend on exposure conditions, and the presence of low molecular weight binding proteins, characteristic of metallothioneins, was mainly limited to starving conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran Bengtsson
- Department of Ecology, University of Lund, Sölvegatan 37, 22362, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Jan Pallon
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Sölvegatan 14, 22362, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christina Nilsson
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, Sölvegatan 14, 22362, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rita Triebskorn
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Transfer Center Ecotoxicology and Ecophysiology, Blumenstrasse 13, 72108, Rottenburg, Germany
| | - Heinz-R Köhler
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Babczyńska A, Binkowski M, Bednarek A, Ogierman S, Cibura D, Migula P, Wilczek G, Szulińska E. X-ray microtomography for imaging of developing spiders inside egg cocoons. ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2014; 43:595-603. [PMID: 25242058 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Embryogenesis is especially sensitive to external factors. The changes in its course are often used as biomarkers of environmental impact. Since spider embryogenesis takes place inside cocoons, it is crucial to find a reliable tool to analyze this developmental phase with no intrusion into the cocoons. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of X-ray microtomography for non-invasive analysis of embryonic morphology and egg quantity in the cocoons of Xerolycosa nemoralis and Agelena labyrinthica from polluted and reference sites. X-ray microtomography slice images as well as 3D images and animations obtained from digital visualization of those slides were used to study the morphology of embryos and egg arrangement in the cocoons. Any disorders in embryogenesis or malformation of embryos in relation to site of origin have not been found, but inside an egg cocoon of X. nemoralis from the polluted site embryos differing form each other by one developmental stage were identified. Egg calculation revealed a K- reproductive strategy of X. nemoralis from polluted sites. Finally, future prospects and benefits, and weaknessess of this method for the study of spider cocoons have presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Marcin Binkowski
- X-ray Microtomography Lab, Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, University of Silesia, Będzińska 39, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Agata Bednarek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sylwia Ogierman
- X-ray Microtomography Lab, Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, University of Silesia, Będzińska 39, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dorota Cibura
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Migula
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grażyna Wilczek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Szulińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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Liu J, Gao J, Yun Y, Hu Z, Peng Y. Bioaccumulation of mercury and its effects on survival, development and web-weaving in the funnel-web spider Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae: Agelenidae). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 90:558-562. [PMID: 23397372 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-013-0966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the bioaccumulation and effects of mercury (Hg) in funnel-web spiders, Agelena labyrinthica, following exposure to sublethal concentrations of Hg(NO3)2 in their drinking water. The results showed that the Hg content in adult A. labyrinthica increased rapidly with the number of days exposed to the Hg(NO3)2 solution, and the mortality of adult spiders within 30 days increased with increased concentrations of Hg(NO3)2 in the drinking water. The total developmental duration of A. labyrinthica exposed to Hg(NO3)2 was significantly longer than in the control spiders, but there were no significant differences in the total developmental duration of spiders among the three treatment groups (exposed to 10, 20 and 50 mg/L Hg(NO3)2 solution). We also compared the web-weaving of the control and treated spiders, and found no significant differences in shape, structure, color, or size of the webs between the control and treated spiders; however, there was a significant difference in web placement between the treatment and control groups. The spiders in the control group appeared to have an episodic-like memory, choosing to weave their five webs in the same corner in the five time periods allowed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
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Babczyńska A, Wilczek G, Szulińska E, Kędziorski A, Franiel I, Migula P. The reproductive potential of the spiders Agelena labyrinthica and Xerolycosa nemoralis from areas contaminated with metals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 435-436:374-379. [PMID: 22871464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Spiders successfully colonize industrially contaminated environments and maintain relatively stable populations. The aim of this study was to explain the reproductive strategies of two spider species, Xerolycosa nemoralis (an actively hunting, sit-and-pursue predator) and Agelena labyrinthica (a web-building, sit-and-wait predator), between contaminated and uncontaminated sites. Spiders were collected from a reference site (Pilica) and two contaminated sites (Olkusz and Welnowiec). The amount of energy allocated to the eggs and the number of eggs and hatchlings as well as the hatching success were compared. Wolf spiders from the contaminated sites produced fewer but relatively energy-rich eggs, whereas web-building spiders invested their energy in the production of a higher number of less energy-rich eggs. The comparisons of the hatching percentages suggested that in the contaminated habitats, X. nemoralis achieve a hatching success similar to or higher than that of the reference population at Pilica. A. labyrinthica in the contaminated sites invested a larger amount of energy in eggs than at the reference site, but the hatching success found for this species in the contaminated areas was lower than that found at the reference site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland.
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