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Tang LS, Qiu CZ, Zhang HY, Ren DL. Effects of 0.4 T, 3.0 T and 9.4 T static magnetic fields on development, behaviour and immune response in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Neuroimage 2023; 282:120398. [PMID: 37778420 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is widely applied in medical diagnosis due to its excellent non-invasiveness. With the increasing intensity of static magnetic field (SMF), the safety assessment of MRI has been ongoing. In this study, zebrafish larvae were exposed to SMFs of 0.4, 3.0, and 9.4 T for 2 h (h), and we found that there was no significant difference in the number of spontaneous tail swings, heart rate, and body length of zebrafish larvae in the treatment groups. The expression of development-related genes shha, pygo1, mylz3 and runx2b in the three SMF groups was almost not significantly different from the control group. Behavior tests unveiled a notable reduction in both the average speed and duration of high-speed movements in zebrafish larvae across all three SMF groups. In addition, the 0.4 and 3.0 T SMFs increased the migration of neutrophils in caudal fin injury, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was also increased. To explore the mechanism of SMFs on zebrafish immune function, this study utilized aanat2-/- mutant fish to demonstrate the effect of melatonin (MT) involvement in SMFs on zebrafish immune function. This study provides experimental data for understanding the effects of SMFs on organisms, and also provides a new insight for exploring the relationship between magnetic fields and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Sheng Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China; School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Anhui University of Finance & Economics, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China
| | - Cheng-Zeng Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hao-Yi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Da-Long Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China.
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Fei F, Zhang P, Li X, Wang S, Feng E, Wan Y, Xie C. Effect of static magnetic field on marine mollusc Elysia leucolegnote. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1103648. [PMID: 36703918 PMCID: PMC9871387 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial magnetic fields are unavoidable environment for offshore marine organisms. With the substantially increasing submarine cables, the impact of magnetic field generated by cables on marine organisms has gradually attracted people's attention. However, there are few studies on the effect of magnetic field on molluscs. To explore whether magnetic fields could interfere with the physiological functions of offshore molluscs, here we systematically analyzed the change of metabolism and transcriptome of Elysia leucolegnote exposed to either geomagnetic field or 1.1 T static magnetic field. The blood glucose and lipid levels, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes in E. leucolegnote were significantly increased upon the exposure to high static magnetic field for 10 days. Meanwhile, the activities of enzymes related to digestive performance and liver functions were decreased. Possible mechanisms were further revealed through comparative transcriptome analysis. A total of 836 differentially expressed genes were identified, 352 of which were up-regulated and 484 of which were down-regulated after exposure to the high static magnetic field. The up-regulated differential genes were mainly concentrated in lysosomal and apoptotic pathways, and down-regulated differential genes were mainly involved in digestive and immune systems including phagocytosis. This pattern was further confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. In conclusion, prolonged exposure to a 1.1 T static magnetic field increased oxidative stress and blood glucose and lipid levels, and decreased immunity and physiological conditions in E. leucolegnote. The data we presented here provides a comprehensive view of metabolism change and gene expression pattern of E. leucolegnote exposed to static magnetic field. It may expand our knowledge on the magnetic field effects on offshore mollusc at molecular level, and contribute to clarification of the interaction between marine animals and artificial magnetic fields, which is certainly ecologically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Fei
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shun Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Erhui Feng
- Hainan Dong Zhai Gang National Nature Reserve Authority, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yinglang Wan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Can Xie
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center, Science Island, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Can Xie,
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3
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Tang H, Wang P, Wang H, Fang Z, Yang Q, Ni W, Sun X, Liu H, Wang L, Zhao G, Zheng Z. Effect of static magnetic field on morphology and growth metabolism of Flavobacterium sp. m1-14. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1923-1933. [PMID: 31444633 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that static magnetic fields (SMFs) can affect microbial growth metabolism, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we have investigated the effect of moderate-strength SMFs on growth and vitamin K2 biosynthesis of Flavobacterium sp. m1-14. First, we designed a series of different moderate-strength magnetic field intensities (0, 50, 100, 150, 190 mT) and exposure times (0, 24, 48, 72, 120 h). With the optimization of static magnetic field intensity and exposure time, biomass and vitamin K2 production significantly increased compared to control. The maximum vitamin K2 concentration and biomass were achieved when exposed to 100 mT SMF for 48 h; compared with the control group, they increased by 71.3% and 86.8%, respectively. Interestingly, it was found that both the cell viability and morphology changed significantly after SMF treatment. Second, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) metabolism is more vigorous after exposed to 100 mT SMF. This change affects the cell energy metabolism and fermentation behavior, and may partially explain the changes in bacterial biomass and vitamin K2 production. The results show that moderate-strength SMFs may be a promising method to promote bacterial growth and secondary metabolite synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfang Tang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Genhai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiming Zheng
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.
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Stankevičiūtė M, Jakubowska M, Pažusienė J, Makaras T, Otremba Z, Urban-Malinga B, Fey DP, Greszkiewicz M, Sauliutė G, Baršienė J, Andrulewicz E. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of 50 Hz 1 mT electromagnetic field on larval rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Baltic clam (Limecola balthica) and common ragworm (Hediste diversicolor). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:109-117. [PMID: 30641415 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess genotoxicity and cytotoxicity responses in aquatic animals exposed to 50 Hz 1 m T electromagnetic field (EMF). Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at early stages of development were exposed to EMF for 40 days, whereas marine benthic invertebrates - the common ragworm Hediste diversicolor and the Baltic clam Limecola balthica - for 12 days. To define genotoxicity and cytotoxicity responses in selected animals, assays of nuclear abnormalities in peripheral blood erythrocytes of O. mykiss, coelomocytes of H. diversicolor and gill cells of L. balthica were performed. Induction of formation of micronuclei (MN), nuclear buds (NB), nuclear buds on filament cells (NBf) and cells with blebbed nuclei (BL) were assessed as genotoxicity endpoints, and 8-shaped nuclei, fragmented (Fr), apoptotic (Ap) and binucleated (BN) cells as cytotoxicity endpoints. Exposure to EMF affected all studied species but with varying degrees. The strongest responses to EMF treatment were elicited in L. balthica, in which six out of the total eight analyzed geno- and cytotoxicity endpoints were significantly elevated. Significantly induced frequencies of MN were detected in O. mykiss and H. diversicolor cells, NBf and BL only in gill cells of L. balthica, and NB in analyzed tissues of all the test species. As cytotoxicity endpoints, a significant elevation in frequencies of cells with 8-shaped nuclei was found in O. mykiss and L. balthica, while Ap and BN was observed only in L. balthica. EMF exposure did not induce any significant cytotoxic activity in H. diversicolor coelomocytes. The present study is the first to reveal the genotoxic and cytotoxic activity of 1 m T EMF in aquatic animals, and, consequently, the first one to report the adverse effect of this factor on common marine invertebrates and early life stages of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Jakubowska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Janina Pažusienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Makaras
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | | | - Dariusz P Fey
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Martyna Greszkiewicz
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Gintarė Sauliutė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Sedigh E, Heidari B, Roozati A, Valipour A. The Effect of Different Intensities of Static Magnetic Field on Stress and Selected Reproductive Indices of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) During Acute and Subacute Exposure. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:204-209. [PMID: 30627748 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-02538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The application of equipment and tools that produce a magnetic field is increasing in aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the effects of acute (1 week) and subacute (3 weeks) exposures to different static magnetic fields (SMFs) of 2.5, 5, 7.5 mT on stress indices (cortisol and glucose), sex steroid hormones (17β-estradiol and 17-α hydroxy progesterone) and fecundity of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated. The obtained results showed a significant change in cortisol, glucose, 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17-α hydroxy progesterone (17-OHP) levels by enhancing the intensity and time of exposure to SMFs. In conclusion, the SMFs, especially at higher levels of intensities, showed physiologically harmful effects on the reproductive biology of the zebrafish during acute and subacute exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Sedigh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Behrooz Heidari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
- Department of Marine Sciences, Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Ali Roozati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Valipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Khoshroo MMZ, Mehrjan MS, Samiee F, Soltani M, Shekarabi SPH. Some immunological responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerling to acute extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (50 Hz). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:235-243. [PMID: 29022155 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing of anthropogenic electromagnetic fields in aquatic environments has been recently become the core of attention. In this study, the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (50 Hz) on immune status and metabolic markers of common carp fingerling was assessed. The fish were exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields at four intensities of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mT only once for 2 h; then, they were reared for 60 days. Results showed that the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were increased with an increase in the electromagnetic field intensity on 15 and 60 days post exposure. A significant increase was obtained in these enzyme levels in all the tested intensities compared to the control one (p < 0.05), with a maximum value measured in 2-mT trail. Conversely, with an increasing in the electromagnetic intensity, the levels of C3, C4, and lysozyme were reduced in all the treated groups in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). The results suggested a significant impact of electromagnetic on fish immunophysiological functions. Therefore, it is required to have serious attention in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Shamsaie Mehrjan
- Department of Fisheries Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Samiee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soltani
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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