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dos Santos SK, Gomes DDS, Soares VDA, Dantas EFO, de Oliveira AFP, Gusmão MHA, de Matos EM, Souza T, Viccini LF, Grazul RM, Henschel JM, Batista DS. Salicylic Acid and Water Stress: Effects on Morphophysiology and Essential Oil Profile of Eryngium foetidum. Metabolites 2024; 14:241. [PMID: 38668369 PMCID: PMC11052287 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The exogenous application of bioregulators, such as salicylic acid (SA), has exhibited promising outcomes in alleviating drought stress. Nevertheless, its impact on culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.) remains unexplored. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess how SA impacts the growth, morphophysiology, and essential oil composition of culantro when subjected to drought. To achieve this, culantro plants were grown under three different watering regimes: well-watered, drought-stressed, and re-watered. Additionally, they were either treated with SA (100 µM) or left untreated, with water serving as the control. SA application did not mitigate the effects of drought in biomass production but increased biomass, leaf number, leaf area, and photosynthetic pigments under well-irrigated and re-watered conditions. After a drought period followed by re-watering, plants recovered membrane integrity independently of SA application. Water stress and the exogenous application of SA also modulated the profile of essential oils. This is the first report about SA and drought affecting growth and essential oil composition in culantro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Kelly dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia 58397-000, Paraíba, Brazil; (S.K.d.S.); (D.d.S.G.); (V.d.A.S.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Daniel da Silva Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia 58397-000, Paraíba, Brazil; (S.K.d.S.); (D.d.S.G.); (V.d.A.S.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Vanessa de Azevedo Soares
- Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia 58397-000, Paraíba, Brazil; (S.K.d.S.); (D.d.S.G.); (V.d.A.S.); (J.M.H.)
| | | | | | - Moises Henrique Almeida Gusmão
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.H.A.G.); (E.M.d.M.); (L.F.V.)
| | - Elyabe Monteiro de Matos
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.H.A.G.); (E.M.d.M.); (L.F.V.)
| | - Tancredo Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Agroecology, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras 58220-000, Paraíba, Brazil;
| | - Lyderson Facio Viccini
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.H.A.G.); (E.M.d.M.); (L.F.V.)
| | - Richard Michael Grazul
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.F.P.d.O.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Juliane Maciel Henschel
- Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia 58397-000, Paraíba, Brazil; (S.K.d.S.); (D.d.S.G.); (V.d.A.S.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Diego Silva Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia 58397-000, Paraíba, Brazil; (S.K.d.S.); (D.d.S.G.); (V.d.A.S.); (J.M.H.)
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras 58220-000, Paraíba, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Agroecology, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras 58220-000, Paraíba, Brazil;
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Chen LJ, Zhou XW, Li ZZ, Lyu B. Metabolome analysis reveals the toxic effects of cadmium exposure on the egg sac of spider Pardosa pseudoannulata. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114459. [PMID: 38321678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of the toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) on rice field invertebrates has attracted accumulating attention. Spider grants a novel insight into the impacts of Cd stress on invertebrates, but the effects of Cd-induced toxicity and molecular response mechanism of related metabolites in spider's egg sacs remain elusive. This investigation found that Cd stress distinctively decreased vitellogenin (Vg) content and hatched spiderlings numbers in the egg sac of Pardosa pseudoannulata. In addition, Cd stress exerted oxidative stress in the egg sac, manifested as the increase of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels. Further results showed that Cd exposure could affect egg sacs' energy metabolism, including protein and lipid contents. Metabolome analysis generated 73 up-regulated and 63 down-regulated differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), mainly affecting phenylalanine metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Specifically, pathway analysis showed that Cd exposure down-regulated several key factors, including tyrosine, L-phenylalanine, O-phospho-L-serine, and L-cystathionine, and inhibited the metabolism of amino acids in the egg sacs. The subsequent correlation analysis found that three metabolite indicators, 9-Oxo-ODE, PG (17:0/18:2), and PE (17:0/20:5), were the dominant contributors to the egg sec's properties (i.e., Vg content and gained spiderlings). Collectively, this study hopes to provide valuable data for the protection of rice field spiders and offer novel perspectives for Cd pollution assessment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Chen
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099 Shaoyang, China.
| | - Xuan-Wei Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Zhi Li
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099 Shaoyang, China
| | - Bo Lyu
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Shahrajabian MH, Sun W. Sustainable Approaches to Boost Yield and Chemical Constituents of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants by Application of Biostimulants. RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD, NUTRITION & AGRICULTURE 2022; 13:RAFNA-EPUB-126745. [PMID: 36200191 DOI: 10.2174/2772574x13666221004151822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biostimulants consist of natural ingredients, metabolites of fermentation, micro-organisms, algae or plant extracts, bacteria, mushrooms, humus substances, amino acids, biomolecules, etc. Methods: In this study, all relevant English-language articles were collected. The literature was reviewed using the keywords of biostimulant, medicinal plant, aromatic plant, natural products, and pharmaceutical benefits from Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases. RESULTS The significant and promoting impact of biostimulants has been reported for different medicinal and aromatic plants, such as salicylic acid for ajuga, artichoke, ajwain, basil, common rue, common sage, common thyme, coneflower, coriander, dendrobium, desert Indian wheat, dragonhead, fennel, fenugreek, feverfew, ginger, groundnut, guava, henna, Iranian soda, lavender, lemon balm, lemongrass, Malabar spinach; seaweed extract on almond, bird, s eye chili; amino acids on artemisia, broccoli, chamomile, beneficial bacteria on ashwagandha; humic acid on black cumin, cannabis, chicory, garlic, gerbera, Hungarian vetch, Moldavian dragonhead, niger plant; chitosan on dragon fruit, marigold, milk thistle, etc. The suggested mechanisms include the stimulatory impacts on the activity of enzymes involved in different biosynthetic processes, the hormone-like activity of biostimulant compounds and the improvement of nutrient uptake of plants. CONCLUSION The current manuscript gives many examples of the potential of biostimulants for medicinal and aromatic plant production. However, further studies are needed to better understand the effectiveness of different biostimulants and foliar applications in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Tao Y, Zhang Q, Long S, Li X, Chen J, Li X. Shifts of lipid metabolites help decode immobilization of soil cadmium under reductive soil disinfestation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154592. [PMID: 35314227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil can cause serious environmental problems and threaten human health. Previous studies have shown that the reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is regarded as an effective soil disinfection technology, which will affect the bioavailability of Cd. However, the influence of soil microorganisms and their metabolites on the morphologies of Cd during RSD treatment are still poorly understood. Here, a laboratory incubation experiment that composed of untreated soil (CK), two RSD treatments with flooded soil (FL) and added 2% bean dregs soil (BD) was conducted. After the treatment, the content of different morphologies of Cd in the soil and the molecular characteristics (the composition of the microbial community, functional enzymes and metabolites) of the soil were measured. The study found that, compared to CK treatment, the dominant phyla, such as Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, etc., were significantly increased in BD treatment, and enzymes related to metabolism also showed noticeable enhancement. The differential accumulated metabolite (DAM) analysis revealed that the abound of lipids and lipid-like molecules involved with fatty acyls, steroids and steroid derivatives, glycerophospholipids, fatty acids and conjugates, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids were significant different among treatments. The correlation analysis showed the exchangeable fraction cadmium contents (EX-Cd) were negatively correlated with the content of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, and positively correlated with glycerolipids content. However, the relationship between the residual cadmium (RS-Cd) and these three metabolites was just the opposite. Compared with another two treatments, the BD treatment significantly reduced EX-Cd contents. Biological interaction network analysis indicated that the phyla Gemmatimonadetes and Proteobacteria assumed the primary responsibility for the morphological transformation of Cd through their corresponding functional enzymes. Overall, this study provided a new perspective on RSD-mediated soil Cd immobilization, and the findings should be beneficial to further applications of RSD technology on the remediation of Cd-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Institute of Vegetable Research, Changsha 410125, China
| | | | - Shiping Long
- Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Hunan Institute of Vegetable Research, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Institute of Vegetable Research, Changsha 410125, China.
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Ahmad I, Zhu G, Zhou G, Song X, Hussein Ibrahim ME, Ibrahim Salih EG, Hussain S, Younas MU. Pivotal Role of Phytohormones and Their Responsive Genes in Plant Growth and Their Signaling and Transduction Pathway under Salt Stress in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137339. [PMID: 35806344 PMCID: PMC9266544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of phyto-hormones in plants at relatively low concentrations plays an indispensable role in regulating crop growth and yield. Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting cotton production. It has been reported that exogenous phyto-hormones are involved in various plant defense systems against salt stress. Recently, different studies revealed the pivotal performance of hormones in regulating cotton growth and yield. However, a comprehensive understanding of these exogenous hormones, which regulate cotton growth and yield under salt stress, is lacking. In this review, we focused on new advances in elucidating the roles of exogenous hormones (gibberellin (GA) and salicylic acid (SA)) and their signaling and transduction pathways and the cross-talk between GA and SA in regulating crop growth and development under salt stress. In this review, we not only focused on the role of phyto-hormones but also identified the roles of GA and SA responsive genes to salt stress. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive review of the performance of GA and SA and their responsive genes under salt stress, assisting in the further elucidation of the mechanism that plant hormones use to regulate growth and yield under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
| | - Guanglong Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xudong Song
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226541, China;
| | - Muhi Eldeen Hussein Ibrahim
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 13311, Sudan
| | - Ebtehal Gabralla Ibrahim Salih
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Muhammad Usama Younas
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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Modulation of Steroid and Triterpenoid Metabolism in Calendula officinalis Plants and Hairy Root Cultures Exposed to Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105640. [PMID: 35628449 PMCID: PMC9145312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the changes in the content of steroids and triterpenoids in C. officinalis hairy root cultures and plants exposed to cadmium stress. The observed effects included the content and composition of analyzed groups of compounds, particularly the proportions among individual sterols (e.g., stigmasterol-to-sitosterol ratio), their ester and glycoside conjugates. The total sterol content increased in roots (by 30%) and hairy root culture (by 44%), whereas it decreased in shoots (by 15%); moreover, these effects were inversely correlated with Cd-induced growth suppression. Metabolic alterations of sterols and their forms seemed to play a greater role in the response to Cd stress in roots than in shoots. The symptoms of the competition between general metabolites (sterols) and specialized metabolites (triterpenoids) were also observed, i.e., the increase of the sterol biosynthesis parallel to the decrease of the triterpenoid content in C. officinalis plant roots and hairy root culture, and the inverse phenomenon in shoots. The similarity of the metabolic modifications observed in the present study on C. officinalis plant roots and hairy roots confirmed the possibility of application of plant in vitro cultures in initial studies for physiological research on plant response to environmental stresses.
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Afzal J, Saleem MH, Batool F, Elyamine AM, Rana MS, Shaheen A, El-Esawi MA, Tariq Javed M, Ali Q, Arslan Ashraf M, Hussain GS, Hu C. Role of Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO 4) in Resistance to Cadmium Stress in Two Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1693. [PMID: 33353010 PMCID: PMC7766819 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of heavy metal, i.e., cadmium (Cd), on the growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress biomarkers, and antioxidants machinery (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants), ions uptake, organic acids exudation, and ultra-structure of membranous bounded organelles of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes (Shan 63 and Lu 9803) were investigated with and without the exogenous application of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). Two O. sativa genotypes were grown under different levels of CdCl2 [0 (no Cd), 50 and 100 µM] and then treated with exogenously supplemented ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) [0 (no Fe), 50 and 100 µM] for 21 days. The results revealed that Cd stress significantly (p < 0.05) affected plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, affected antioxidant machinery, sugar contents, and ions uptake/accumulation, and destroy the ultra-structure of many membranous bounded organelles. The findings also showed that Cd toxicity induces oxidative stress biomarkers, i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) initiation, and electrolyte leakage (%), which was also manifested by increasing the enzymatic antioxidants, i.e., superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds (phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin) and organic acids exudation pattern in both O. sativa genotypes. At the same time, the results also elucidated that the O. sativa genotypes Lu 9803 are more tolerant to Cd stress than Shan 63. Although, results also illustrated that the exogenous application of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) also decreased Cd toxicity in both O. sativa genotypes by increasing antioxidant capacity and thus improved the plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, and decrease oxidative stress in the roots and shoots of O. sativa genotypes. Here, we conclude that the exogenous supplementation of FeSO4 under short-term exposure of Cd stress significantly improved plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, regulate antioxidant defense system, and essential nutrients uptake and maintained the ultra-structure of membranous bounded organelles in O. sativa genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaria Afzal
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.A.); (M.S.R.)
- Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Fatima Batool
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Punjab 54770, Pakistan;
| | | | - Muhammad Shoaib Rana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.A.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Asma Shaheen
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Mohamed A. El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.T.J.); (Q.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.T.J.); (Q.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.T.J.); (Q.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ghulam Sabir Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
- Department of Technical Services, Fatima Agri Sales and Services, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.A.); (M.S.R.)
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Kumari A, Pandey N, Pandey-Rai S. Exogenous salicylic acid-mediated modulation of arsenic stress tolerance with enhanced accumulation of secondary metabolites and improved size of glandular trichomes in Artemisia annua L. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:139-152. [PMID: 28667412 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to find out individual and interactive effects of arsenic (As) and salicylic acid (SA) on an important medicinal plant, Artemisia annua. As uptake and its accumulation was detected and found to be maximum in roots at higher As concentration (150 μM). Under As treatments, H2O2 and MDA content were induced. Biomass and chlorophyll content were negatively affected under As treatments. Furthermore, enzymatic (SOD, CAT, APX, and GR) and non-enzymatic antioxidants were also enhanced under As treatments. Exogenous application of SA reduced the extent of H2O2 and O2- generation and lipid peroxidation, while reverted biomass and chlorophyll content to overcome oxidative stress. Simultaneous application of SA with As increased endogenous SA level, artemisinin, and dihydroartemisinic acid as compared with individual As treatment and pre-application of SA with As treatments. The expression of four key artemisinin biosynthetic pathway genes, i.e., ADS, CYP71AV1, DBR2, and ALDH1 were upregulated at a maximum in plants simultaneously treated with SA and As. Similar pattern of artemisinin accumulation and glandular trichome size was observed which attest that SA has a stimulatory impact on artemisinin biosynthesis under As stress. Our study suggests that exogenous application of SA and As together induced more tolerance in A. annua than a comparable dose of SA pre-treatment. The study may provide a platform with dual benefits by developing As-tolerant plants to be used for phytoremediation of arsenic from As-contaminated soil and obtaining high artemisinin-producing A. annua plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Kumari
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shashi Pandey-Rai
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Liu T, Liu F, Wang C, Wang Z, Li Y. The boosted biomass and lipid accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris by supplementation of synthetic phytohormone analogs. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 232:44-52. [PMID: 28214444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study attempted at maximizing biomass and lipid accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris by supplementation of natural abscisic acid (ABA) or synthetic 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) hormone analogs. Amongst three tested additives, NAA-treatment performed remarkable promoting effect on cell growth and lipid biosynthesis. The favorable lipid productivity (418.6mg/L/d) of NAA-treated cells showed 1.48 and 2.24 times more than that of 2,4-D and ABA. NAA-treatment also positively modified the proportions of saturated (C16:0 and C18:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids (C18:1) which were prone to high-quality biofuels-making. Further, NAA-treatment manipulated endogenous phytohormones metabolism leading to the elevated levels of indole-3-acetic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid and such hormone accumulation might be indispensable for signal transduction in regulating cell growth and lipid biosynthesis in microalgae. In addition, the economic-feasibility and eco-friendly estimation of NAA additive indicated the higher possibilities in developing affordable and scalable microalgal lipids for biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Biological Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Biological Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Biological Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Zhenyao Wang
- Biological Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Biological Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China.
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Shahid M, Dumat C, Khalid S, Niazi NK, Antunes PMC. Cadmium Bioavailability, Uptake, Toxicity and Detoxification in Soil-Plant System. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 241:73-137. [PMID: 27300014 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the findings of the most recent studies, published from 2000 to 2016, which focus on the biogeochemical behavior of Cd in soil-plant systems and its impact on the ecosystem. For animals and people not subjected to a Cd-contaminated environment, consumption of Cd contaminated food (vegetables, cereals, pulses and legumes) is the main source of Cd exposure. As Cd does not have any known biological function, and can further cause serious deleterious effects both in plants and mammalian consumers, cycling of Cd within the soil-plant system is of high global relevance.The main source of Cd in soil is that which originates as emissions from various industrial processes. Within soil, Cd occurs in various chemical forms which differ greatly with respect to their lability and phytoavailability. Cadmium has a high phytoaccumulation index because of its low adsorption coefficient and high soil-plant mobility and thereby may enter the food chain. Plant uptake of Cd is believed to occur mainly via roots by specific and non-specific transporters of essential nutrients, as no Cd-specific transporter has yet been identified. Within plants, Cd causes phytotoxicity by decreasing nutrient uptake, inhibiting photosynthesis, plant growth and respiration, inducing lipid peroxidation and altering the antioxidant system and functioning of membranes. Plants tackle Cd toxicity via different defense strategies such as decreased Cd uptake or sequestration into vacuoles. In addition, various antioxidants combat Cd-induced overproduction of ROS. Other mechanisms involve the induction of phytochelatins, glutathione and salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès-Toulouse II, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480, NSW, Australia
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Gondor OK, Janda T, Soós V, Pál M, Majláth I, Adak MK, Balázs E, Szalai G. Salicylic Acid Induction of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathways in Wheat Varies by Treatment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1447. [PMID: 27733857 PMCID: PMC5039175 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid is a promising compound for the reduction of stress sensitivity in plants. Although several biochemical and physiological changes have been described in plants treated with salicylic acid, the mode of action of the various treatments has not yet been clarified. The present work reports a detailed comparative study on the effects of different modes of salicylic acid application at the physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic levels. Seed soaking and hydroponic treatments were found to induce various changes in the protective mechanisms of wheat plants. The possible involvement of the flavonoid metabolism in salicylic acid-related stress signaling was also demonstrated. Different salicylic acid treatments were shown to induce different physiological and biochemical processes, with varying responses in the leaves and roots. Hydroponic treatment enhanced the level of oxidative stress, the expression of genes involved in the flavonoid metabolism and the amount of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, namely ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid and the flavonol quercetin in the leaves, while it decreased the ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid and flavonol contents and enhanced ascorbate peroxidase activity in the roots. In contrast, seed soaking only elevated the gene expression level of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in the roots and caused a slight increase in the amount of flavonols. These results draw attention to the fact that the effects of exogenous salicylic acid application cannot be generalized in different experimental systems and that the flavonoid metabolism may be an important part of the action mechanisms induced by salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya K. Gondor
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Soós
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Imre Majláth
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Malay K. Adak
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
- Department of Botany, University of KalyaniKalyani, India
| | - Ervin Balázs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szalai
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
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