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Seregin IV, Kozhevnikova AD. Phytochelatins: Sulfur-Containing Metal(loid)-Chelating Ligands in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2430. [PMID: 36768751 PMCID: PMC9917255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochelatins (PCs) are small cysteine-rich peptides capable of binding metal(loid)s via SH-groups. Although the biosynthesis of PCs can be induced in vivo by various metal(loid)s, PCs are mainly involved in the detoxification of cadmium and arsenic (III), as well as mercury, zinc, lead, and copper ions, which have high affinities for S-containing ligands. The present review provides a comprehensive account of the recent data on PC biosynthesis, structure, and role in metal(loid) transport and sequestration in the vacuoles of plant cells. A comparative analysis of PC accumulation in hyperaccumulator plants, which accumulate metal(loid)s in their shoots, and in the excluders, which accumulate metal(loid)s in their roots, investigates the question of whether the endogenous PC concentration determines a plant's tolerance to metal(loid)s. Summarizing the available data, it can be concluded that PCs are not involved in metal(loid) hyperaccumulation machinery, though they play a key role in metal(loid) homeostasis. Unraveling the physiological role of metal(loid)-binding ligands is a fundamental problem of modern molecular biology, plant physiology, ionomics, and toxicology, and is important for the development of technologies used in phytoremediation, biofortification, and phytomining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V. Seregin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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Kang Y, Liu J, Yang L, Li N, Wang Y, Ao T, Chen W. Foliar application of flavonoids (rutin) regulates phytoremediation efficiency of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. by altering the permeability of cell membranes and immobilizing excess Cd in the cell wall. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127875. [PMID: 34902722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The gap between the current serious soil heavy metal (HM) contamination and the low efficiency of soil remediation threatens human health. The aim of this study was to propose a method to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation by exogenous rutin application and explain the potential mechanism. A series of rutin treatments were designed to evaluate the biomass, cadmium (Cd) accumulation and physiological and biochemical responses of Amaranthus hypochondriacus under different Cd stresses. The results showed a decline in cell membrane damage with rutin application, and more Cd ions were immobilized in the cell wall than in the vacuole, resulting in an increase in Cd tolerance in plants. The addition of rutin caused significant effects on the synthesis of glutathione (GSH), including the advancement of the conversion of GSH to phytochelatins (PCs). Among them, PC2 and PC3 in the leaves contributed the most to the high accumulation of Cd. Overall, the phytoremediation efficiency and phytoextraction amount of Amaranthus hypochondriacus with rutin application were improved maximumly by 219.48% and 260.00%, respectively. This study provides a constructive approach for improving the efficiency of phytoremediation by foliar application of flavonoids and contributes to the further development of soil remediation in Cd-contaminated fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Kang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Li Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Na Li
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yuhao Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Tianqi Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Wenqing Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Seregin IV, Kozhevnikova AD. Low-molecular-weight ligands in plants: role in metal homeostasis and hyperaccumulation. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:51-96. [PMID: 32653983 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mineral nutrition is one of the key factors determining plant productivity. In plants, metal homeostasis is achieved through the functioning of a complex system governing metal uptake, translocation, distribution, and sequestration, leading to the maintenance of a regulated delivery of micronutrients to metal-requiring processes as well as detoxification of excess or non-essential metals. Low-molecular-weight ligands, such as nicotianamine, histidine, phytochelatins, phytosiderophores, and organic acids, play an important role in metal transport and detoxification in plants. Nicotianamine and histidine are also involved in metal hyperaccumulation, which determines the ability of some plant species to accumulate a large amount of metals in their shoots. In this review we extensively summarize and discuss the current knowledge of the main pathways for the biosynthesis of these ligands, their involvement in metal uptake, radial and long-distance transport, as well as metal influx, isolation and sequestration in plant tissues and cell compartments. It is analyzed how diverse endogenous ligand levels in plants can determine their different tolerance to metal toxic effects. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the physiological role of these compounds in metal homeostasis, which is an essential task of modern ionomics and plant physiology. It is of key importance in studying the influence of metal deficiency or excess on various physiological processes, which is a prerequisite to the improvement of micronutrient uptake efficiency and crop productivity and to the development of a variety of applications in phytoremediation, phytomining, biofortification, and nutritional crop safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Seregin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPPRAS, Botanicheskaya st., 35, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127276.
| | - A D Kozhevnikova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPPRAS, Botanicheskaya st., 35, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127276
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Chaâbene Z, Rorat A, Kriaa W, Rekik I, Mejdoub H, Vandenbulcke F, Elleuch A. In-site and Ex-site Date Palm Exposure to Heavy Metals Involved Infra-Individual Biomarkers Upregulation. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010137. [PMID: 33445405 PMCID: PMC7826821 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a tree of considerable importance in arid regions-date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L. survival in contaminated areas of Sfax city has drawn our attention. Leaf samples of the plants grown in the study area showed high levels of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr). On the basis of this finding, the cellular mechanisms that explain these metal accumulations were investigated in controlled conditions. After four months of exposure to Cd, Cr, or Cu, high bioconcentration and translocation factor (TF>1) have been shown for date palm plantlets exposed to Cd and low TF values were obtained for plantlets treated with Cr and Cu. Moreover, accumulation of oxidants and antioxidant enzyme activities occurred in exposed roots to Cu and Cd. Secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, were enhanced in plants exposed at low metal concentrations and declined thereafter. Accumulation of flavonoids in cells may be correlated with the expression of the gene encoding Pdmate5, responsible for the transport of secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids. Other transporter genes responded positively to metal incorporation, especially Pdhma2, but also Pdabcc and Pdnramp6. The latter would be a new candidate gene sensitive to metallic stress in plants. Expressions of gene coding metal chelators were also investigated. Pdpcs1 and Pdmt3 exhibited a strong induction in plants exposed to Cr. These modifications of the expression of some biochemical and molecular based-markers in date palm helped to better understand the ability of the plant to tolerate metals. They could be useful in assessing heavy metal contaminations in polluted soils and may improve accumulation capacity of other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayneb Chaâbene
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.M.); (A.E.)
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement–Université de Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (A.R.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Agnieszka Rorat
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement–Université de Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (A.R.); (F.V.)
| | - Walid Kriaa
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Imen Rekik
- High Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, Medenine 4119, Tunisia;
| | - Hafedh Mejdoub
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.M.); (A.E.)
| | - Franck Vandenbulcke
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement–Université de Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (A.R.); (F.V.)
| | - Amine Elleuch
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (H.M.); (A.E.)
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Shabbir Z, Sardar A, Shabbir A, Abbas G, Shamshad S, Khalid S, Murtaza G, Dumat C, Shahid M. Copper uptake, essentiality, toxicity, detoxification and risk assessment in soil-plant environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127436. [PMID: 32599387 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential metal for human, animals and plants, although it is also potentially toxic above supra-optimal levels. In plants, Cu is an essential cofactor of numerous metalloproteins and is involved in several biochemical and physiological processes. However, excess of Cu induces oxidative stress inside plants via enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Owing to its dual nature (essential and a potential toxicity), this metal involves a complex network of uptake, sequestration and transport, essentiality, toxicity and detoxification inside the plants. Therefore, it is vital to monitor the biogeo-physiochemical behavior of Cu in soil-plant-human systems keeping in view its possible essential and toxic roles. This review critically highlights the latest understanding of (i) Cu adsorption/desorption in soil (ii) accumulation in plants, (iii) phytotoxicity, (iv) tolerance mechanisms inside plants and (v) health risk assessment. The Cu-mediated oxidative stress and resulting up-regulation of several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants have been deliberated at molecular and cellular levels. Moreover, the role of various transporter proteins in Cu uptake and its proper transportation to target metalloproteins is critically discussed. The review also delineates Cu build-up in plant food and accompanying health disorders. Finally, this review proposes some future perspectives regarding Cu biochemistry inside plants. The review, to a large extent, presents a complete picture of the biogeo-physiochemical behavior of Cu in soil-plant-human systems supported with up-to-date 10 tables and 5 figures. It can be of great interest for post-graduate level students, scientists, industrialists, policymakers and regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Aneeza Sardar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Saliha Shamshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée Machado A., 31058, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France; Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Auzeville-Tolosane, France; Association Réseau-Agriville, France
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan. http://reseau-agriville.com/
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Mengdi X, Haibo D, Jiaxin L, Zhe X, Yi C, Xuan L, Haiyan M, Hui S, Tianqi A, Yunzhen L, Wenqing C. Metabolomics reveals the "Invisible" detoxification mechanisms of Amaranthus hypochondriacus at three ages upon exposure to different levels of cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110520. [PMID: 32213366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To decipher the Cd hyperaccumulation and tolerance mechanisms of plants and increase phytoremediation efficiency, in this study, the physiological effects induced by environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 25 and 200 mg/kg) of Cd were characterized in Amaranthus hypochondriacus (K472) at three growth stages using LC/MS-based metabolomics. Metabolomic analysis identified 31, 29 and 30 significantly differential metabolites (SDMs) in K472 exposed to Cd at the early, intermediate and late stages of vegetative growth, respectively. These SDMs are involved in nine metabolic pathways responsible for antioxidation, osmotic balance regulation, energy supplementation and the promotion of metabolites that participate in phytochelatin (PC) synthesis. K472 at the intermediate stage of vegetative growth had the strongest tolerance to Cd with the combined action of Ala, Asp and Glu metabolism, purine metabolism, Gly, Ser and Thr metabolism and Pro and Arg metabolism. Among these crucial metabolic biomarkers, purine metabolism could be the primary regulatory target for increasing the Cd absorption of K472 for the restoration of Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Mengdi
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Dai Haibo
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Liu Jiaxin
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xue Zhe
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chen Yi
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Liang Xuan
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mou Haiyan
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sun Hui
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ao Tianqi
- State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Yunzhen
- Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sci., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chen Wenqing
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Sichuan Environmental Protection Soil Environmental Protection Eng. Technology Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Xie M, Chen W, Lai X, Dai H, Sun H, Zhou X, Chen T. Metabolic responses and their correlations with phytochelatins in Amaranthus hypochondriacus under cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1791-1800. [PMID: 31299508 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytochelatins (PCs) play a vital role in the tolerance and enrichment of cadmium (Cd) in higher plants by chelating with Cd2+. The aim of this study was to perform a full-scale metabolomics analysis of metabolic responses highly correlated with PCs generation. These metabolites and metabolic pathways were expected to promote PCs generation and further optimize Cd absorption in plants. In the current study, Amaranthus hypochondriacus, a potential species for phytoremediation, was first adopted to investigate physiological responses to Cd stress via LCMS/MS-based metabolomics and the HPLC based determination of thiol compounds. The results showed that the leaves of A. hypochondriacus under high Cd stress accumulated 40 times the amount of Cd compared to the leaves of the plants not under Cd stress and had an increased content of three types of PCs. Metabolomics qualitatively identified 12084 substances in total, among which 41 were significantly different metabolites (SDMs) between the two groups and involved in 7 metabolic pathways. Among the SDMs, 12 metabolites were highly linearly correlated with PCs involved in three pathways (Val, Leu and Ile biosynthesis; Ala, Asp and Glu metabolism; and Arg and Pro metabolism). These results provide an innovative method to promote PCs synthesis for the restoration of Cd-contaminated-soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Xie
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wenqing Chen
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Xicong Lai
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Haibo Dai
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhou
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
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Kolahi M, Yazdi M, Goldson-Barnaby A, Tabandeh MR. In silico prediction, phylogenetic and bioinformatic analysis of SoPCS gene, survey of its protein characterization and gene expression in response to cadmium in Saccharum officinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:7-18. [PMID: 30031266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytochelatin synthase isolated from microorganisms, yeasts, algae and plant, serve a fundamental role in reducing heavy metals. In this research the in silico PCS gene structure (SoPCS) of sugarcane, its secondary and 3D protein structure, physicochemical properties, cell localization and phylogenetic tree were predicted utilizing bioinformatics tools. SoPCS expression in the leaves and roots of sugarcane in tissue culture treated with cadmium was also studied utilizing real time PCR. The predicted SoPCS gene contains 1524 nucleotides, a protein encoded with 508 amino acids of which the molecular weight is 55953.3 Da, 6 exons and 5 introns. The subcellular position of the enzyme is mitochondrion or cytoplasmic. Two domains belonging to the phytochelatin synthase family with similar features was found in Pfam having more than 97% similarity with the predicted SoPCS protein. Phylogeny analyses of plant species were well isolated from other organisms. Ten disulfide-bonded cysteines were excluded from the structure of SoPCS. The predicted 3D structure of SoPCS showed that it is able to bind to L-gamma-glutamylcysteine as substrate. The binding site sequence of PCS included amino acids 52(Q),55(P),56(A),57(F), 58(C),103(G),104(I),151(S),163(G),165(F),206(D), 213(R). The common amino acid with conserved sequence in the binding site of the plant was 103Gly. Gene expression indicated that SoPCS has an important role in the response of sugarcane to cadmium with potential use in genetic engineering to remove metal contaminants in the environment. This is the first characterization of a PCS from sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kolahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Milad Yazdi
- Department of Genetic, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Yousefi Z, Kolahi M, Majd A, Jonoubi P. Effect of cadmium on morphometric traits, antioxidant enzyme activity and phytochelatin synthase gene expression (SoPCS) of Saccharum officinarum var. cp48-103 in vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:472-481. [PMID: 29655849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is an important environmental pollutant which genetically, physiologically and biochemically affects the cell. Phytochelatins (PC) are involved in one of the phytoremediation mechanisms, in which they are able to bind heavy metals, such as cadmium. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphometric, antioxidant enzyme activity, and SoPCS gene expression in sugarcane growing under cadmium stress. After propagation, samples were cultured in triplicate for 14 days in modified MS medium containing CdCl2 (100, 250, 500 µmol). The morphometric traits, pigments, quantity and antioxidant enzyme activity were studied in treated plantlets. SoPCS gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Growth traits decreased following cadmium treatment. The amount of Chla, Chlb and ChlT decreased in treated samples, whereas carotenoids increased significantly. A rapid increase in antioxidant enzyme activity was detected. Enhanced SoPCS gene expression was observed in treated roots, whereas gene expression pattern in leaves was irregular. In conclusion, cadmium decreases the photosynthetic mechanism and growth rate in sugarcane. Antioxidative enzymes and SoPCS gene expression were significantly unregulated in sugarcane roots compared to the leaves. Cadmium concentration in shoots and roots of sugarcane significantly increased. The management of cadmium bioaccumulation in non-edible tissues of sugarcane such as leaves and roots that are sometimes burned after harvest can be applied for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yousefi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Kolahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamram University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - A Majd
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Jonoubi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Chaâbene Z, Hakim IR, Rorat A, Elleuch A, Mejdoub H, Vandenbulcke F. Copper toxicity and date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seedling tolerance: Monitoring of related biomarkers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:797-806. [PMID: 29023967 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seeds were exposed to different copper (Cu) solutions to examine plant stress responses. Low Cu concentrations (0.02 and 0.2 mM) caused an increase of seed germination, whereas higher Cu amounts (2 mM) significantly inhibited seed germination, delayed hypocotyl elongation, increased seedling mortality, and reduced the germination index by more than 90%. Metal-related toxicity symptoms appeared after 15 d of 2 mM of Cu exposure. Biochemical activities such as amylase activity and redox balance elements were examined to study the relationship between external Cu amount and internal plant response. The present study showed that amylolytic activity was dose- and time-dependent. Likewise, H2 O2 production increased after exposure to Cu, which was correlated with thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) accumulation. Furthermore at low Cu concentrations, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities increased, suggesting that date palm seed stimulated its metal homeostasis networks. However, the highest cupric ion amounts increased cell oxidant accumulation and reduced enzyme production. Gene expression level measures of P. dactylifera phytochelatin synthase (Pdpcs) and P. dactylifera metallothionein (Pdmt) encoding genes have been carried out to investigate the implication of PdPCS and PdMT proteins in Cu homeostasis and/or its sequestration. Phoenix dactylifera metallothionein induction reached a peak after 30 d of exposure to 0.2 mM of Cu. However, it was down-regulated in plants exposed to higher Cu concentrations. In the same conditions, Pdpcs was overexpressed during 1 mo of exposure before it decreased thereafter. These observations provide a new insight into date palm cell response to Cu, a metal that can be toxic but that is also an essential element. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:797-806. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayneb Chaâbene
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille, France
| | - Imen Rekik Hakim
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Agnieszka Rorat
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille, France
| | - Amine Elleuch
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille, France
| | - Hafedh Mejdoub
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille, France
| | - Franck Vandenbulcke
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille, France
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