1
|
Zhang Y, Xu H, Tu C, Han R, Luo J, Xu L. Enhanced capacity of a leaf beetle to combat dual stress from entomopathogens and herbicides mediated by associated microbiota. Integr Zool 2024. [PMID: 38379126 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Herbicides have demonstrated their impact on insect fitness by affecting their associated microbiota or altering the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi toward insects. However, limited research has explored the implications of herbicide stress on the intricate tripartite interaction among insects, associated bacterial communities, and entomopathogens. In this study, we initially demonstrated that associated bacteria confer a leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora, with the capability to resist the entomopathogenic fungus Aspergillus nomius infection, a capability sustained even under herbicide glyphosate stress. Further analysis of the associated microbiota revealed a significant alteration in abundance and composition due to glyphosate treatment. The dominant bacterium, post A. nomius infection or following a combination of glyphosate treatments, exhibited strong suppressive effects on fungal growth. Additionally, glyphosate markedly inhibited the pathogenic associated bacterium Pseudomonas though it inhibited P. versicolora's immunity, ultimately enhancing the beetle's tolerance to A. nomius. In summary, our findings suggest that the leaf beetle's associated microbiota bestow an augmented resilience against the dual stressors of both the entomopathogen and glyphosate. These results provide insight into the effects of herbicide residues on interactions among insects, associated bacteria, and entomopathogenic fungi, holding significant implications for pest control and ecosystem assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Handan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengjie Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Runhua Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Letian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wingen NMDA, Cubas GK, Oliveira GT. Impact of 2,4-D and glyphosate-based herbicides on morphofunctional and biochemical markers in Scinax squalirostris tadpoles (Anura, Hylidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139918. [PMID: 37611768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of pesticides on non-target organisms is essential to assess the impact of these xenobiotics on the environment, allowing for a more informative and safer usage. The present study sought to evaluate the response of Scinax squalirostris tadpoles when exposed to different concentrations of two herbicides, DEZ® (i.e., dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2,4-D) and Roundup® Original (i.e., glyphosate). We collected 140 tadpoles between Gosner's 25 and 34 stages in a preservation area of the South American jelly palm Butia odorata. The animals were separated into eight groups and maintained in aquariums: acclimatization control (17 days), exposure control (24 days), and six exposure groups (7 days), including three concentration groups of each pesticide (4 μg/L, 15 μg/L, and 30 μg/L 2,4-D acid equivalent; 65 μg/L, 250 μg/L, and 500 μg/L glyphosate acid equivalent). Markers of body condition (length, body mass, K and Kn index) and oxidative balance (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, TBARS, and carbonyl proteins) were analyzed. After 24 days (17 days of acclimation plus 7 days of exposure), tadpoles exposed to 15 μg/L of 2,4-D and 65 μg/L of glyphosate grew at higher than expected concentrations. They also had less lipoperoxidation than control tadpoles and higher superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase activity, specifically at the highest herbicide concentrations (2,4-D: 30 μg/L; glyphosate: 500 μg/L of glyphosate). Only the highest concentration of 2,4-D determined an increase in the levels of carbonyl proteins, indicating oxidative damage induced. DEZ® required more antioxidant defenses and induced a concentration-dependent answer of carbonylated proteins, suggesting oxidative stress and more toxic potential. These results may help government agencies make more conscious decisions regarding the usage of these chemicals and consider a balance between the conservation of amphibian species and agribusiness economic sustenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Medeiros de Albuquerque Wingen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Kasper Cubas
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ciências Biológicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reichert LMM, de Oliveira DR, Papaleo JL, Valgas AAN, Oliveira GT. Impact of commercial formulations of herbicides alone and in mixtures on the antioxidant system and body condition parameters in tadpoles of Rhinella icterica (Spix 1824). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104145. [PMID: 37149011 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide usage has increased over the last decades, leading to concerns regarding its effects on non-target organisms, especially amphibians. Tadpoles of Rhinella icterica were collected in a pesticide-free place, acclimated in the laboratory (21 days) and exposed (7 days) to three herbicides (20µg/L atrazine (A); 250µg/L glyphosate (G); 20µg/L quinclorac (Q)) and their mixtures. Only 2% mortality was observed over the 28 days of the study. Despite this, significant variations were observed for markers of oxidative balance and body condition when comparing all experimental groups. K and Kn factor showed the lowest values in the group A+G+Q, as well as the activity levels of GST and SOD. In contrast to this, the CAT activity was higher in the same group (A+G+Q). The mixture of the three herbicides proved to be more harmful, which points to the need for more restrictive laws for the use of mixed herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leici Maria Machado Reichert
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Diogo Reis de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Jonas Londero Papaleo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Artur Antunes Navarro Valgas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Ipiranga,6681, CEP 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mikó Z, Hettyey A. Toxicity of POEA-containing glyphosate-based herbicides to amphibians is mainly due to the surfactant, not to the active ingredient. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:150-159. [PMID: 36680666 PMCID: PMC10008773 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Current international legislation regarding agrochemicals requires thorough toxicological testing mainly of the active ingredients. In a 96-h acute toxicity test we exposed Rana dalmatina and Bufo bufo tadpoles to either one of three concentrations of glyphosate, three concentrations of the surfactant (POEA), three concentrations of the two components together, or to non-contaminated water (control), and subsequently assessed mortality and body mass. To investigate whether simultaneous exposure to another stress factor influences effects of the contaminants, we performed tests both in the presence or absence of predator chemical cues. We found that the surfactant had significant harmful effects on tadpoles; survival was lowered by the highest concentration of the surfactant in case of R. dalmatina, while in B. bufo tadpoles it reduced survival already at medium concentrations. Body mass was significantly influenced by medium and high surfactant concentrations in both species. The presence of glyphosate did not have a significant effect by itself, but it slightly increased mortality in tadpoles exposed to medium concentrations of the surfactant in both species. The presence of chemical cues did not have an effect on the examined variables. Our study confirms that the toxicity of glyphosate-based herbicides is mainly due to the examined surfactant. Nonetheless, we found that glyphosate can enhance the harmful effect of the surfactant. These results stress that during the authorization process of new pesticide formulations, not only the active ingredients would need to be examined but the excipients should also be taken into account in an obligatory and systematic manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Mikó
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary.
| | - Attila Hettyey
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Potential Risks of Microplastic Fomites to Aquatic Organisms with Special Emphasis on Polyethylene-Microplastic-Glyphosate Exposure Case in Aquacultured Shrimp. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plastic litter is increasingly becoming pervasive in aquatic environments, characterized by circulatory patterns between different compartments and continual loading with new debris. Microplastic pollution can cause a variety of effects on aquatic organisms. This review presents the current knowledge of microplastics distribution and sorption capacity, reflecting on possible bioaccumulation and health effects in aquatic organisms. A model case study reveals the fate and toxic effects of glyphosate, focusing on the simultaneous exposure of aquacultured shrimp to polyethylene and glyphosate and their contact route and on the potential effects on their health and the risk for transmission of the contaminants. The toxicity and bioaccumulation of glyphosate-sorbed polyethylene microplastics in shrimp are not well understood, although individual effects have been studied extensively in various organisms. We aim to delineate this knowledge gap by compiling current information regarding the co-exposure to polyethylene microplastic adsorbed with glyphosate to assist in the assessment of the possible health risks to aquacultured shrimp and their consumers.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lajmanovich RC, Attademo AM, Lener G, Cuzziol Boccioni AP, Peltzer PM, Martinuzzi CS, Demonte LD, Repetti MR. Glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium, herbicides commonly used on genetically modified crops, and their interaction with microplastics: Ecotoxicity in anuran tadpoles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150177. [PMID: 34520929 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of glyphosate (GLY)-based and glufosinate ammonium (GA)-based herbicides (GBH and GABH, respectively) and polyethylene microplastic particles (PEMPs) on Scinax squalirostris tadpoles were assessed. Tadpoles were exposed to nominal concentrations of both herbicides (from 1.56 to 100 mg L-1) and PEMPs (60 mg L-1), either alone or in combination, and toxicity evaluated at 48 h. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CbE), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were analyzed at the three lowest concentrations (1.56, 3.12 and 6.25 mg L-1, survival rates >85%) of both herbicides alone and with PEMPs. Additionally, the thermochemistry of the interactions between the herbicides and polyethylene (PE) was analyzed by Density Functional Theory (DFT). The median-lethal concentration (LC50) was 43.53 mg L-1 for GBH, 38.56 mg L-1 for GBH + PEMPs, 7.69 for GABH, and 6.25 mg L-1 for GABH+PEMPs. The PEMP treatment increased GST but decreased CbE activity, whereas GBH and GABH treatments increased GST but decreased AChE activity. In general, the mixture of herbicides with PEMPs increased the effect observed in the individual treatments: the highest concentration of GBH + PEMPs increased GST activity, whereas GABH+PEMP treatments decreased both AChE and CbE activities. DFT analysis revealed spontaneous interactions between the herbicides and PE, leading to the formation of bonds at the herbicide-PE interface, significantly stronger for GA than for GLY. The experimental and theoretical findings of our study indicate that these interactions may lead to an increase in toxicity when pollutants are together, meaning potential environmental risk of these combinations, especially in the case of GA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Lajmanovich
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrés M Attademo
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Germán Lener
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba-CONICET, Departamento de Química Teórica y Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana P Cuzziol Boccioni
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola M Peltzer
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candela S Martinuzzi
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luisina D Demonte
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Programa de Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María R Repetti
- Programa de Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Curi L, Cuzziol Boccioni A, Peltzer P, Attademo A, Bassó A, León E, Lajmanovich R. Signals from predators, injured conspecifics, and pesticide modify the swimming behavior of the gregarious tadpole of the Dorbigny’s Toad, Rhinella dorbignyi (Anura: Bufonidae). CAN J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tadpoles detect chemical signals released from predators and conspecifics, as well as those present in the environment, and adjust their behavioral responses. This study evaluated the swimming activity of Dorbigny’s Toad (Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)) tadpoles exposed to chemical signals, including cues from a predator fish, the marbled swamp eel (Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch, 1795), and an injured conspecific; sublethal concentration of insecticide cypermethrin; and their combination. Swimming behavior (total distance moved, mean speed, global activity, number of contacts between tadpoles) was evaluated in an individual (1) and groups of different size (3, 5, 7, and 10 tadpoles) using a video-tracking software tool. Predator exposure modified behavioral parameters, reducing encounters with predators and, therefore, mortality. Total distance moved and mean speed increased in trials involving 1 tadpole and 3 interacting tadpoles exposed to injured conspecifics, whereas global activity increased in all group sizes, showing that gregarious tadpoles may be affected by alarm cues and their behavior may be disrupted. The insecticide treatments (alone and combined) increased parameters in all group sizes, causing hyperactivity due to its neurotoxic effect. The different responses observed after exposure to alarm cues and environmental signals in the different group sizes modified the normal behavior and the ecological dynamics of gregarious tadpoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L.M. Curi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (FCV, UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2139, CP 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - A.P. Cuzziol Boccioni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN N° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - P.M. Peltzer
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN N° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A.M. Attademo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN N° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A. Bassó
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN N° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - E.J. León
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN N° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Conservación de tetrápodos (INALI-UNL- CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN n° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - R.C. Lajmanovich
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje “El Pozo”, RN N° 168, Km 472, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu R, Qin Y, Diao J, Zhang H. Xenopus laevis tadpoles exposed to metamifop: Changes in growth, behavioral endpoints, neurotransmitters, antioxidant system and thyroid development. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112417. [PMID: 34126306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are a major cause of the reduction in the global amphibian population. In this study, the acute toxicity and chronic effects of metamifop on Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) tadpoles were investigated. The 96 h-LC50 value of metamifop on X. laevis tadpoles was 0.634 mg/L, which indicated that metamifop was highly toxic to tadpoles. In the chronic toxicity study, tadpoles were exposed to 0.063 mg/L of metamifop. After 14, 21 and 35 d of exposure, metamifop significantly inhibited the body weight and neurotransmitter synthesis of tadpoles, caused abnormal behavior and interfered with fat metabolism. According to the results of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA), tadpoles exposed to 0.063 mg/L metamifop suffered severe lipid oxidative damage. Compared with the control group, the thyroid hormone (TH) levels and related gene expression in tadpoles in the treatment group were affected, reflecting the endocrine interference effect of metamifop. The data of this study can enrich our knowledge of the effects of aryloxyphenoxy propionate pesticides on amphibians and highlight the role of metamifop and other pesticides play in global decline of amphibians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yinan Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (ICAMA), No. 22 Maizidian Street, Chaoyang, Beijing 100125, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pompermaier A, Kirsten K, Soares SM, Fortuna M, Kalichak F, Idalencio R, Koakoski G, Barreto RE, Barcellos LJG. Waterborne agrichemicals compromise the anti-predatory behavior of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:38559-38567. [PMID: 32623676 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to human activities, there is an increasing presence of agrochemicals residues in water bodies, which could be attributed to an increased use of these chemicals, incorrect disposal of packaging materials, and crop leaching. The effects of these residues on prey-predator relationship of aquatic animals are poorly known. Here, we show that fish acutely exposed to glyphosate, 2,4-D, and methylbenzoate-based agrichemicals have their anti-predatory responses impaired. We exposed zebrafish to sub-lethal concentrations of agrichemicals and evaluated their behavioral reaction against a simulated bird predatory strike. We observed that agrichemical-exposed fish spent more time in a risky area, suggesting that the pesticides interfered with their ability of risk perception. Our results highlight the impairment and environmental consequences of agrochemical residues, which can affect aquatic life and crucial elements for life (food web) such as the prey-predator relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Pompermaier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Karina Kirsten
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Suelen Mendonça Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Milena Fortuna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Kalichak
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdades Integradas do Vale do Iguaçu (Uniguaçu), Rua Padre Saporiti, 717, Rio D'Areia, União da Vitória, PR, 84600-904, Brazil
| | - Renan Idalencio
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Gessi Koakoski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Egydio Barreto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, CAUNESP, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Leonardo José Gil Barcellos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bolis A, Gazzola A, Pellitteri-Rosa D, Colombo A, Bonfanti P, Bellati A. Exposure during embryonic development to Roundup® Power 2.0 affects lateralization, level of activity and growth, but not defensive behaviour of marsh frog tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114395. [PMID: 32247902 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As glyphosate-based herbicides, sold under the commercial name Roundup®, represent the most used herbicides in the world, contamination of the freshwater environment by glyphosate has become a widespread issue. In Italy, glyphosate was detected in half of the surface waters monitoring sites and its concentrations were higher than environmental quality standards in 24.5% of them. It can last from days to months in water, leading to exposure for aquatic organisms and specifically to amphibians' larvae that develop in shallow water bodies with proven effects to development and behaviour. In this study, we tested the effects of a 96 h exposure during embryonic development of marsh frog's tadpoles to three ecologically relevant Roundup® Power 2.0 concentrations. As expected, given the low concentrations tested, no mortality was observed. Morphological measurements highlighted a reduction in the total length in tadpoles exposed to 7.6 mg a.e./L, while an increase was observed at lower concentrations of 0.7 and 3.1 mg a.e./L compared to control group. Tadpoles raised in 7.6 mg a.e./L also showed a smaller tail membrane than those raised in the control solution. Regarding behaviour, we tested tadpoles in two different sessions (Gosner stages 25 and 28/29) for lateralization, antipredator response and basal activity. Lower intensity of lateralization was detected in tadpoles raised at the highest Roundup® concentration in the first session of observation, while no significant difference among treatments was observed in the second one. In both sessions, effects of Roundup® Power 2.0 embryonic exposure on antipredator response, measured as the proportional change in activity after the injection of tadpole-fed predator (Anax imperator) cue, were not detected. Tadpoles exposed during embryonic development to Roundup® exhibited lower basal activity than the control group, with the strongest reduction for the 7.6 mg a.e./L treatment. Our results reinforce the concern of Roundup® contamination impact on amphibians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bolis
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gazzola
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Daniele Pellitteri-Rosa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Anita Colombo
- Department of Environmental and Earth Sciences, Research Centre POLARIS, University of Milano Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 1, 20126, Milano, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Bonfanti
- Department of Environmental and Earth Sciences, Research Centre POLARIS, University of Milano Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 1, 20126, Milano, Italy.
| | - Adriana Bellati
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ruthsatz K, Dausmann KH, Drees C, Becker LI, Hartmann L, Reese J, Reinhardt S, Robinson T, Sabatino NM, Peck MA, Glos J. Altered thyroid hormone levels affect the capacity for temperature-induced developmental plasticity in larvae of Rana temporaria and Xenopus laevis. J Therm Biol 2020; 90:102599. [PMID: 32479394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anuran larvae show phenotypic plasticity in age and size at metamorphosis as a response to temperature variation. The capacity for temperature-induced developmental plasticity is determined by the thermal adaptation of a population. Multiple factors such as physiological responses to changing environmental conditions, however, might influence this capacity as well. In anuran larvae, thyroid hormone (TH) levels control growth and developmental rate and changes in TH status are a well-known stress response to sub-optimal environmental conditions. We investigated how chemically altered TH levels affect the capacity to exhibit temperature-induced developmental plasticity in larvae of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and the common frog (Rana temporaria). In both species, TH level influenced growth and developmental rate and modified the capacity for temperature-induced developmental plasticity. High TH levels reduced thermal sensitivity of metamorphic traits up to 57% (R. temporaria) and 36% (X. laevis). Rates of growth and development were more plastic in response to temperature in X. laevis (+30%) than in R. temporaria (+6%). Plasticity in rates of growth and development is beneficial to larvae in heterogeneous habitats as it allows a more rapid transition into the juvenile stage where rates of mortality are lower. Therefore, environmental stressors that increase endogenous TH levels and reduce temperature-dependent plasticity may increase risks and the vulnerability of anuran larvae. As TH status also influences metabolism, future studies should investigate whether reductions in physiological plasticity also increases the vulnerability of tadpoles to global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ruthsatz
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Kathrin H Dausmann
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Claudia Drees
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Laura I Becker
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Lisa Hartmann
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Janica Reese
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Steffen Reinhardt
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tom Robinson
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Nikita M Sabatino
- Department of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Ulmenliet 20, 21033 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Myron A Peck
- Institute of Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, Große Elbstrasse 133, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Julian Glos
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Can Constructed Wetlands be Wildlife Refuges? A Review of Their Potential Biodiversity Conservation Value. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12041442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of wetland ecosystems is currently recognized as one of the main threats to global biodiversity. As a means of compensation, constructed wetlands (CWs), which are built to treat agricultural runoff and municipal wastewater, have become important for maintaining biodiversity. Here, we review studies on the relationships between CWs and their associated biodiversity published over the past three decades. In doing so, we provide an overview of how wildlife utilizes CWs, and the effects of biodiversity on pollutant transformation and removal. Beyond their primary aim (to purify various kinds of wastewater), CWs provide sub-optimal habitat for many species and, in turn, their purification function can be strongly influenced by the biodiversity that they support. However, there are some difficulties when using CWs to conserve biodiversity because some key characteristics of these engineered ecosystems vary from natural wetlands, including some fundamental ecological processes. Without proper management intervention, these features of CWs can promote biological invasion, as well as form an ‘ecological trap’ for native species. Management options, such as basin-wide integrative management and building in more natural wetland components, can partially offset these adverse impacts. Overall, the awareness of managers and the public regarding the potential value of CWs in biodiversity conservation remains superficial. More in-depth research, especially on how to balance different stakeholder values between wastewater managers and conservationists, is now required.
Collapse
|
13
|
Benvindo-Souza M, Santos Oliveira EA, Assis RA, Araújo Santos CG, Borges RE, de Melo E Silva D, Raquel de Souza Santos L. Micronucleus test in tadpole erythrocytes: Trends in studies and new paths. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 240:124910. [PMID: 31561159 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The micronucleus test has been applied for more than three decades in tadpoles, generating an early warning of environmental quality. In this study, we reviewed 48 articles on the micronucleus test in tadpoles, published between 1987 and 2018. The findings reveal that pesticides have been the main topic discussed in the induction of micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities in anuran larvae to the detriment of the widespread use of compounds used in agriculture. In addition to pesticides, a number of other xenobiotic agents have been targeted for genotoxic damage, such as heavy metals, radiation and wastewater. An appeal is reported to environmental contaminants, which when released naturally into the environment or because of human activities may contaminate aquatic habitats, threatening populations of tadpoles that depend on these environments for their survival. Larvae can bioaccumulate these contaminants that cause progressive impacts, ranging from DNA damage to metamorphosis delays, as well as malformations. We found that Argentina is the main driving force for the application of this test in anuran larvae along with Brazil. Different erythrocyte malformations have been reported for the erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities test, binucleated cells, nuclear buds, notched, lobed, reniform, nuclear bebbled, anucleated, picnotic and apoptotic cells are the most cited. In summary, the presence of chemical or physical agents, along with other disturbances of the habitat, can have a significant impact on the life history of the species, contributing to the decline of anuran populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal - Instituto Federal Goiano - IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Eliane Andreia Santos Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal - Instituto Federal Goiano - IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rhayane Alves Assis
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal - Instituto Federal Goiano - IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Cirley Gomes Araújo Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal - Instituto Federal Goiano - IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rinneu Elias Borges
- Universidade de Rio Verde - UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP: 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal - Instituto Federal Goiano - IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Turhan DÖ, Güngördü A, Ozmen M. Developmental and lethal effects of glyphosate and a glyphosate-based product on Xenopus laevis embryos and tadpoles. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:173-179. [PMID: 31932905 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effects of pure glyphosate and a glyphosate-based product were evaluated comparatively using two embryonic development stages of Xenopus laevis as model system. When pure glyphosate was applied in pH adjusted media, lethal or developmental effects were not observed at concentrations up to 500 mg L-1. The 96 h LC50 values for the commercial herbicide, in contrast, were 32.1 and 35.1 mg active ingredient L-1 for embryos and tadpoles, respectively. Since pure glyphosate has no effect on the selected biomarkers, it is thought that developmental toxic effects caused by glyphosate-based products are increased mainly due to formulation additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Özhan Turhan
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Abbas Güngördü
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Murat Ozmen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang X, Chang L, Zhao T, Liu L, Zhang M, Li C, Xie F, Jiang J, Zhu W. Metabolic switch in energy metabolism mediates the sublethal effects induced by glyphosate-based herbicide on tadpoles of a farmland frog Microhyla fissipes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 186:109794. [PMID: 31629188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are widely-used agricultural chemicals, bringing potential detriments to aquatic organisms. Currently, our understanding of sublethal effects and underlying toxicologic mechanisms of GBHs are still limited, especially in amphibians. Here, the sublethal effects of a commercial GBH (KISSUN®) on tadpoles of a farmland dwelling frog, Microhyla fissipes, were investigated. The 10-d LC50 of "KISSUN®" GBH was 77.5 mg/L. Tadpoles exposed to 60-120 mg/L showed increased preference to higher temperature. After 10 days exposure, obvious growth suppression was observed in survived GBH-stressed tadpoles, characterized by dosage depended decrement in body mass, body width, total length, etc. GBH-stressed tadpoles also showed decreased tail length/snout-vent length ratio and smaller tail muscle fiber diameter. Comparative transcriptomics (control, 60 mg/L and 90 mg/L groups) was conducted to analyze the underlying molecular processes. GBH-stressed tadpoles showed downregulated transcription of ribosomal proteins and cytoskeleton proteins, which could explain their suppressed whole body and tail muscle growth. Moreover, GBH-stressed tadpoles showed transcriptional downregulation of carbohydrate and lipid catabolism, but upregulation of amino acid catabolism. It suggested a metabolic switch from carbohydrate and lipid to amino acid in these tadpoles. Accordingly, there was a trade-off between protein synthesis and energy production in respect to amino acid allocation, and it provided a metabolic explanation for why protein synthesis was downregulated and growth was suppressed in GBH-stressed tadpoles. In combination with existing literatures, we speculated that GBH might directly target the enzymes in carbohydrate and lipid catabolism, and this metabolic effect of GBH might be common to fish and amphibians. In conclusion, our study provided a systematic insight into the sublethal symptoms of GBH-stressed tadpoles, and a metabolic switch from carbohydrate and lipid to amino acid likely underlay some common toxic symptoms of GBHs on both fish and tadpoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xungang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liming Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lusha Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feng Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sievers M, Hale R, Parris KM, Melvin SD, Lanctôt CM, Swearer SE. Contaminant-induced behavioural changes in amphibians: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133570. [PMID: 31369889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination contributes to the threatened status of many amphibian populations. Many contaminants alter behaviour at concentrations commonly experienced in the environment, with negative consequences for individual fitness, populations and communities. A comprehensive, quantitative evaluation of the behavioural sensitivity of amphibians is warranted to better understand the population-level and resultant ecological impacts of contaminants. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating behavioural changes following exposure to contaminants. Most studies were conducted in North America and Europe on larval stages, and 64% of the 116 studies focussed on the effects of insecticides. We found that a suite of contaminants influence a wide range of behaviours in amphibians, with insecticides typically invoking the strongest responses. In particular, insecticides increased rates of abnormal swimming, and reduced escape responses to simulated predator attacks. Our analysis identified five key needs for future research, in particular the need: (1) for researchers to provide more details of experimental protocols and results (2) to develop a strong research base for future quantitative reviews, (3) to broaden the suite of contaminants tested, (4) to better study and thus understand the effects of multiple stressors, and (5) to establish the ecological importance of behavioural alterations. Behavioural endpoints provide useful sub-lethal indicators of how contaminants influence amphibians, and coupled with standard ecotoxicological endpoints, can provide valuable information for population models assessing the broader ecological consequences of environmental contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sievers
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute - Coast & Estuaries, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Robin Hale
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kirsten M Parris
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Steven D Melvin
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Chantal M Lanctôt
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Stephen E Swearer
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Talyn B, Lemon R, Badoella M, Melchiorre D, Villalobos M, Elias R, Muller K, Santos M, Melchiorre E. Roundup ®, but Not Roundup-Ready ® Corn, Increases Mortality of Drosophila melanogaster. TOXICS 2019; 7:E38. [PMID: 31370250 PMCID: PMC6789507 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genetically modified foods have become pervasive in diets of people living in the US. By far the most common genetically modified foods either tolerate herbicide application (HT) or produce endogenous insecticide (Bt). To determine whether these toxicological effects result from genetic modification per se, or from the increase in herbicide or insecticide residues present on the food, we exposed fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, to food containing HT corn that had been sprayed with the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup®, HT corn that had not been sprayed with Roundup®, or Roundup® in a variety of known glyphosate concentrations and formulations. While neither lifespan nor reproductive behaviors were affected by HT corn, addition of Roundup® increased mortality with an LC50 of 7.1 g/L for males and 11.4 g/L for females after 2 days of exposure. Given the many genetic tools available, Drosophila are an excellent model system for future studies about genetic and biochemical mechanisms of glyphosate toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Becky Talyn
- College of Natural Science, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.
| | - Rachael Lemon
- Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Maryam Badoella
- Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | | | - Maryori Villalobos
- Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Raquel Elias
- Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Kelly Muller
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Maggie Santos
- Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| | - Erik Melchiorre
- Geology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gabor CR, Perkins HR, Heitmann AT, Forsburg ZR, Aspbury AS. Roundup™ With Corticosterone Functions as an Infodisruptor to Antipredator Response in Tadpoles. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
19
|
Zhang W, Chen L, Xu Y, Deng Y, Zhang L, Qin Y, Wang Z, Liu R, Zhou Z, Diao J. Amphibian (Rana nigromaculata)exposed to cyproconazole: Changes in growth index, behavioral endpoints, antioxidant biomarkers, thyroid and gonad development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:62-70. [PMID: 30639745 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are a major cause of reduction in the global population of amphibians. This study investigates the effect of varying concentrations of cyproconazole (1 and 10 mg/L) on Rana nigromaculata during a chronic 90 days exposure period. High levels of cyproconazole (10 mg/L) induced declined body weight, short snout-vent length, slow metamorphic development and abnormal behavioral endpoints in R. nigromaculata tadpoles. Tadpoles exposed to 10 mg/L did not survive beyond 42 days. Abnormal behaviors were observed more frequently with exposure to the highest concentration of cyproconazole. Compared with controls, the concentrations of dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were significantly increased in tadpoles exposed to 1 mg/L cyproconazole. However, when the concentration of cyproconazole increased to 10 mg/L, concentrations of SOD, GSH and CAT activity began to decline. In addition, thyroid and gonad development were also affected at the gene and hormone level, with varied effects observed with different exposure levels and days. Exposure to cyproconazole at the lower level of 1 mg/L induced damage to histological structures of the thyroid gland. Stereoselective tissue distribution and bioaccumulation of cyproconazole was observed in tadpoles. The ranked order of bioaccumulation was: enantiomer -4 > 3> 2 > 1, with the level of cyproconazole highest in the gut. These findings reflect the toxicity of cyproconazole to R. nigromaculata and further our understanding of the effects of pesticide exposure on global amphibian population declines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- ICU, Binzhou City People's Hospital, Wenhua Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256800, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yinan Qin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zavareh S, Farrokhzad Z, Darvishi F. Modification of zeolite 4A for use as an adsorbent for glyphosate and as an antibacterial agent for water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 155:1-8. [PMID: 29486406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to design a low cost adsorbent for efficient and selective removal of glyphosate from water at neutral pH conditions. For this purpose, zeolite 4A, a locally abundant and cheap mineral material, was ion-exchanged with Cu2+ to produce Cu-zeolite 4A. The FTIR results revealed that the modification has no important effect on chemical structure of zeolite 4A. After modification, highly crystalline zeolite 4A was converted to amorphous Cu-zeolite 4A according to XRD studies. The SEM images showed spherical-like particles with porous surfaces for Cu-zeolite 4A compared to cubic particles with smooth surfaces for zeolite 4A. Adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted with non-linear forms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity for Cu-zeolite 4A was calculated to be 112.7 mg g-1 based on the Langmuir model. The adsorption of glyphosate by the modified adsorbent had fast kinetics fitted both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. A mechanism based on chemical adsorption was proposed for the removal process. The modified adsorbent had a good selectivity to glyphosate over natural waters common cations and anions. It also showed desired regeneration ability as an important feature for practical uses. The potential use of the developed material as antibacterial agent for water disinfection filters was also investigated by MIC method. Relatively strong antibacterial activity was observed for Cu-zeolite 4A against Gram-positive and Gram-negative model bacteria while zeolite 4A had no antibacterial properties. No release of Cu2+ to aqueous solutions was detected as unique feature of the developed material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Zavareh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Zahra Farrokhzad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Farshad Darvishi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Janssens L, Stoks R. Stronger effects of Roundup than its active ingredient glyphosate in damselfly larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 193:210-216. [PMID: 29100103 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are causing strong decreases in aquatic biodiversity at concentrations assumed safe by legislation. One reason for the failing risk assessment may be strong differences in the toxicity of the active ingredient of pesticides and their commercial formulations. Sublethal effects, especially those on behaviour, have been largely ignored in this context, yet can be equally important as lethal effects at the population and ecosystem levels. Here, we compared the toxicity of the herbicide Roundup and its active ingredient glyphosate on survival, but also on ecologically relevant sublethal traits (life history, behaviour and physiology) in damselfly larvae. Roundup was more toxic than glyphosate with negative effects on survival, behaviour and most of the physiological traits being present at lower concentrations (food intake, escape swimming speed) or even only present (survival, sugar and total energy content and muscle mass) following Roundup exposure. This confirms the toxicity of the surfactant POEA. Notably, also glyphosate was not harmless: a realistic concentration of 2mg/l resulted in reduced growth rate, escape swimming speed and fat content. Our results therefore indicate that the toxicity of Roundup cannot be fully attributed to its surfactant, thereby suggesting that also the new generation of glyphosate-based herbicides with other mixtures of surfactants likely will have adverse effects on non-target aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicological studies comparing the toxicity of active ingredients and their commercial formulations typically ignore behaviour while the here observed differential effects on behaviour likely will negatively impact damselfly populations. Our data highlight that risk assessment of pesticides ignoring sublethal effects may contribute to the negative effects of pesticides on aquatic biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizanne Janssens
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mikó Z, Ujszegi J, Hettyey A. Age-dependent changes in sensitivity to a pesticide in tadpoles of the common toad (Bufo bufo). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 187:48-54. [PMID: 28365461 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide en masse application of pesticides and the frequently reported malign effects on several non-target organisms underpin the importance of ecotoxicological research on these anthropogenic pollutants. Previous studies showed that sensitivity to herbicides can vary widely depending on additional stress factors, on the species and even on the population investigated. However, there is little information about how sensitivity changes during ontogeny, and how the duration of exposure is linked to the magnitude of malign effects, even though this knowledge would be important for the interpretation of toxicity test results and for formulating recommendations regarding the timing of pesticide application. We exposed tadpoles of the common toad (Bufo bufo) to three concentrations (0, 2 and 4mg a.e./L) of a glyphosate-based herbicide during the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, or 5th period of larval development or during the entire experiment, and measured survival, time until metamorphosis and body mass at metamorphosis to estimate fitness-consequences. Younger tadpoles were more sensitive to the herbicide in all measured traits than older ones, and this age-dependence was especially pronounced at the high herbicide concentration. Furthermore, tadpoles exposed to the herbicide during the entire experiment developed slower than tadpoles exposed only early on, but we did not observe a similar effect either on body mass or survival. The observed age-dependence of sensitivity to herbicides draws attention to the fact that results of toxicity tests obtained for one age-class are not necessarily generalizable across ontogeny. Also, the age of test animals has to be considered when planning ecotoxicological studies and interpreting their results. Finally, taking into account the temporal breeding habits of local amphibians when planning pesticide application would be highly favourable: if tadpoles would not get exposed to the herbicide during their most sensitive early development, they would sustain less anthropogenic damage from our efforts of controlling weeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Mikó
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest 1022, Hungary.
| | - János Ujszegi
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest 1022, Hungary; Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Attila Hettyey
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest 1022, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|