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Bai Y, Zhou Y, Gong J. Physiological mechanisms of the tolerance response to manganese stress exhibited by Pinus massoniana, a candidate plant for the phytoremediation of Mn-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45422-45433. [PMID: 33866507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) pollution in soil, especially around mining areas, is a serious environmental problem worldwide. Generally, plant remediation technology needs to select species with high Mn tolerance, and exploring the Mn tolerance mechanism of tree species with high ecological and economic benefits is of considerable significance for the effective identification and efficient utilization of Mn phytoremediation species. Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) is one of the main afforestation tree species, exhibiting high ecological and economic value in subtropical areas and also a plant with high Mn accumulation. To reveal the mechanisms governing the tolerance of this species for Mn stress, the morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of seedlings grown in sand cultures under different Mn stress (0.0009~30 mmol·L-1) were analyzed. The results showed that despite the chlorosis of leaves under high Mn stress (30 mmol·L-1), the height of plant seedling, the diameter of ground and the root morphology was not significantly inhibited (p < 0.05), and a high level of Mn accumulated (translocation factor = 1.10). With increasing Mn concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, and soluble sugar increased, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased at first and later decreased. Under Mn stress, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, and carotenoids increased first and subsequently decreased, and intercellular CO2 concentration and chlorophyll b decreased, but chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics did not change significantly. Taken together, these results indicate that Masson pine can tolerate Mn stress by increasing its antioxidant enzyme activity and non-enzyme metabolite content. In addition, Masson pine can maintain photosynthesis by changing its gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigment content, and chlorophyll fluorescence, which is another important mechanism for coping with high Mn concentrations in the environment. In conclusion, the above results show that Masson pine can be effectively used for phytoremediation of Mn-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Bai
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province/Plateau Mountain Forest Cultivation Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province/College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yunchao Zhou
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province/Plateau Mountain Forest Cultivation Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province/College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Jiefang Gong
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province/Plateau Mountain Forest Cultivation Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province/College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Management Committee of Guizhou Guiyang National Agricultural Science and Technology Zone, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Kakabouki I, Mavroeidis A, Tataridas A, Roussis I, Katsenios N, Efthimiadou A, Tigka EL, Karydogianni S, Zisi C, Folina A, Bilalis D. Reintroducing Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) to the Mediterranean Basin: The Importance of Nitrogen Fertilization. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091758. [PMID: 34579291 PMCID: PMC8467716 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An increasing interest has been reported regarding the reintroduction of flax in the Mediterranean region. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization on the performance of flax cv. Everest, under Mediterranean climate conditions. A two-year study was carried out in 2018–2019, in Western Greece. The experiment was set-up in a randomized complete block design with four replications and six treatments of different N fertilization rates (0, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 kg N ha−1). Measurements included plant biomass, the leaf area index (LAI), the yield, and the Growth Degree Days (GDDs) required for full seed maturity. The N uptake of flax was also evaluated utilizing the Nitrogen Harvesting (NHI) and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency (NUtE) indices. Although the highest fertilization rate (60N) increased the yield by 35.4% (2018) and 23.1% (2019), a GDDs and N indices assessment revealed that it noted the lowest efficiency and may lead to significant yield losses, as it significantly prolonged the crop cycle. On the contrary, even though fertilization rates of 20 and 30 kg N ha−1 increased the yield only by 7% and 15% (on average), they were more efficient, and prolonged the crop cycle less (compared to 60N).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kakabouki
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonios Mavroeidis
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Alexandros Tataridas
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Ioannis Roussis
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Nikolaos Katsenios
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Department of Soil Science of Athens, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Sofokli Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovrissi, Greece; (N.K.); (A.E.); (E.L.T.)
| | - Aspasia Efthimiadou
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Department of Soil Science of Athens, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Sofokli Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovrissi, Greece; (N.K.); (A.E.); (E.L.T.)
| | - Evangelia L. Tigka
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Department of Soil Science of Athens, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Sofokli Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovrissi, Greece; (N.K.); (A.E.); (E.L.T.)
| | - Stella Karydogianni
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Charikleia Zisi
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Antigolena Folina
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Dimitrios Bilalis
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (A.T.); (I.R.); (S.K.); (C.Z.); (A.F.); (D.B.)
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Tavanti TR, Melo AARD, Moreira LDK, Sanchez DEJ, Silva RDS, Silva RMD, Reis ARD. Micronutrient fertilization enhances ROS scavenging system for alleviation of abiotic stresses in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 160:386-396. [PMID: 33556754 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide at low concentrations act as signaling of several abiotic stresses. Overproduction of hydrogen peroxide causes the oxidation of plant cell lipid phosphate layer promoting senescence and cell death. To mitigate the effect of ROS, plants develop antioxidant defense mechanisms (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase), ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes (ASA-GSH) (ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase), which have the function of removing and transforming ROS into non-toxic substances to maintain cellular homeostasis. Foliar or soil application of fertilizers containing B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se and Zn at low concentrations has the ability to elicit and activate antioxidative enzymes, non-oxidizing metabolism, as well as sugar metabolism to mitigate damage by oxidative stress. Plants treated with micronutrients show higher tolerance to abiotic stress and better nutritional status. In this review, we summarized results indicating micronutrient actions in order to reduce ROS resulting the increase of photosynthetic capacity of plants for greater crop yield. This meta-analysis provides information on the mechanism of action of micronutrients in combating ROS, which can make plants more tolerant to several types of abiotic stress such as extreme temperatures, salinity, heavy metals and excess light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauan Rimoldi Tavanti
- São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Dos Santos Silva
- São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Messias da Silva
- São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil
| | - André Rodrigues Dos Reis
- São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Domingos da Costa Lopes 780, 17602-496, Tupã, SP, Brazil.
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Xiao X, Zhu S, Zou X, He G, Jiang J, Sheng GD. Relation of tributyltin and triphenyltin equilibrium sorption and kinetic accumulation in carp and Ceratophyllum demersum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110289. [PMID: 32061990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Comparatively limited knowledge is known about the accumulation processes of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) in fish and aquatic plant in the freshwater environment, which has hindered a full understanding of their bioaccumulation potential and ecological risks. In the present study, sorption of TBT and TPT on dead biota of both carp and C. demersum from water via the batch equilibrium technique as well as uptake of them on live biota of both carp and C. demersum from water at a static and a dynamic kinetics tests were investigated, respectively. Both TBT and TPT exhibit a high affinity in carps and C. demersum. And C. demersum has a faster metabolism either for TBT or TPT than carp. The apparent uptake values (Cbio = 1904-8831 μg/kg) or bioconcentration factor (BCF = 3333-44000 L/kg) were one or two orders of magnitude higher than that of estimated by a simple sorption (405-472 μg/kg) or lipid model (74.5-149.6 μg/kg) for carp, indicating the uptake of TBT and TPT did not only depend on lipids but also oxygen ligands or macromolecules such as amino acids and proteins of the living organism. In contrast, the apparent Cbio values (149.1-926.4 μg/kg) of both TBT and TPT were lower than that of estimated by sorption model (1341-1902 μg/kg) for C. demersum, which were due to the rapid metabolic rate of them, especially for TBT. But no relation was observed between TBT and TPT concentrations and lipid contents in C. demersum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xiao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Shuhui Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China.
| | - Genhe He
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - G Daniel Sheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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Luo J, Yang G, Igalavithana AD, He W, Gao B, Tsang DCW, Ok YS. Effects of elevated CO 2 on the phytoremediation efficiency of Noccaea caerulescens. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113169. [PMID: 31539847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been continuously increasing, and more investigations are needed in regard to the responses of various plants to the corresponding climatic conditions. In particular, potential variations in phytoremediation efficiency induced by global warming have rarely been investigated. Objective of this research was to evaluate the changes in phytoremediation efficiency of Noccaea caerulescens exposed to different concentrations of CO2. The concentrations of CO2 in the elevated CO2 treatments were adjusted to 550 ± 50 ppm to match the level of atmospheric CO2 predicted in 2050-2070. Compared to ambient controls (400 ppm), biomass yields and metal concentrations of N. caerulescens increased under elevated CO2 conditions, thus indicating that the phytoremediation efficiency of the species could increase in higher CO2 environment. In addition, water soluble and exchangeable Pb and Cu concentrations in soils decreased under elevated CO2 conditions, which reduced the leaching risks of the metals. The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) of N. caerulescens decreased to different degrees with the increased CO2 concentrations. The overall findings suggested that elevations in CO2 can reduce the oxidative damage caused by metals in this species. The phytoremediation efficiency of N. caerulescens grown in multiple metal-enriched soils could be enhanced with global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenxiang He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Li Y, Liu K, Zhu J, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Zhou Z, Chen C, Yu F. Manganese accumulation and plant physiology behavior of Camellia oleifera in response to different levels of nitrogen fertilization. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109603. [PMID: 31473561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) pollution in soil, especially around the mining areas, is a severe problem in China. Seeking for effective remediation methods for Mn-contaminated soil is therefore urgent and necessary. Camellia oleifera (C. oleifera) is one of the world's four major woody oil plants, which is widely cultivated in subtropical acidic soils for oil production and has become an important economic and ecological resource in Guangxi Province. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most common limiting factors for plant growth and development in soils. We carried out this study to evaluate the effects of different N fertilization levels (0, 100, 300 and 500 mg kg-1) on the morphological and physiological characteristics of C. oleifera in two soils with different Mn-contamination degrees. The results indicate that N fertilization affected the plant growth and the content of photosynthetic pigments, while C. oleifera accumulated great amounts of Mn in both soils. However, the plant biomass reduced significantly at the high-level N fertilization (≥300 mg kg-1), and the oxidative stress was stimulated under Mn contamination. As a comparison, the plant biomass remained unaffected at the low-level N fertilization (100 mg kg-1), and the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in C. oleifera leaves were enhanced to alleviate the oxidative stress and therefore protecting the plant from Mn contamination. Meanwhile, plants supplemented with a low-level of N fertilizer (100 mg kg-1) had appropriate antioxidant enzyme and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities, which indicates that this was favorable growth conditions for C. oleifera. Thus, the recommended N fertilization level for maintaining plant biomass and increasing Mn accumulation in plant is 100 mg kg-1 N; at which level the efficiency of Mn phytoremediation by C. oleifera can be further enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yongrong Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Chaoshu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China.
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Yu F, Li Y, Li F, Li C, Liu K. The effects of EDTA on plant growth and manganese (Mn) accumulation in Polygonum pubescens Blume cultured in unexplored soil, mining soil and tailing soil from the Pingle Mn mine, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 173:235-242. [PMID: 30772713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of water-extractable Mn concentration, bioaccumulation factor (BAF), translocation factor (TF), and Mn uptake by Polygonum pubescens Blume cultured in the unexplored soil, mining soil and tailing soil from the Pingle Mn mine in China were quantified in a pot experiment to determine the effects of EDTA exposure on the success of phytoremediation. The results showed that EDTA significantly (P < 0.05) increased the water-extractable Mn concentration, and soils with different amounts of artificial disturbances had different responses to EDTA exposure. Low and medium EDTA concentrations might have positive effect on plant growth of P. pubescens cultured in the unexplored soil, as indicated by comparable increases in biomass, plant height and photosynthetic pigment content, but opposite results were found with high EDTA concentrations exposure. EDTA exposure had a negative effect on the growth of P. pubescens cultured in the mining soil and tailing soil. In general, the concentration of Mn in different tissues significantly (P < 0.05) increased as the EDTA concentration increased in each soil. The efficacy of Mn remediation by P. pubescens was enhanced in all three soils, with all EDTA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
| | - Furong Li
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 510640 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chunming Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), the Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
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Yu F, Li Y, Li F, Zhou Z, Chen C, Liang X, Li C, Liu K. Nitrogen fertilizers promote plant growth and assist in manganese (Mn) accumulation by Polygonum pubescens Blume cultured in Mn tailings soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1225-1233. [PMID: 31140289 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1619161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examined how different nitrogen (N) forms and application levels promote plant growth and assist in manganese (Mn) remediation of Polygonum pubescens Blume (P. pubescens) cultured in soil with a high Mn level. The effects of ammonium chloride (a) and urea (u), at three application levels (10, 20, and 30 mg L-1 N) and control (no N addition, CK) on the growth, Mn accumulation, and enzymatic anti-oxidative defenses of P. pubescens were examined. In general, both ammonium-N and urea-N promoted the plant mass and height of P. pubescens. The total Mn amount of roots, stems, and leaves in N treatments were higher (p < 0.05) than that of CK. The ammonium-N treatments showed greater plant biomass and Mn accumulation compared to the urea-N ones. In general, the accumulations of Mn, Cr, Zn, and Cu were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the N fertilizer treatment than those in the control; while the accumulations of Pb were higher (p < 0.05) in P. pubescens across all N fertilizer treatments than those in the control. The N addition decreased the contents of O2- and H2O2 in the leaves of P. pubescens, while increasing the activities of enzymatic anti-oxidative defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
| | - Furong Li
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-product, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
| | - Chaoshu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
| | - Xiaolu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
| | - Chunming Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin , China
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Singha KT, Sebastian A, Prasad MNV. Iron plaque formation in the roots of Pistia stratiotes L.: importance in phytoremediation of cadmium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:120-128. [PMID: 30729796 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1474442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic macrophytes play an important role in the removal of toxic metals from wastewater. Therefore, the induction of Fe plaque on the roots, and its consequences on Cd tolerance investigated in an aquatic macrophyte Pistia stratiotes L. The presence of Fe2+ ion but not Fe3+ resulted in Fe plaque formation. Induction of Fe plaque decreased Ca and increased K and Fe accumulations in the root. Plaque formed plants had accumulated less Cd until 50.0 µM CdCl2 treatments because plaque acted as a barrier to Cd exposure. However, at higher concentrations (500.0 µM CdCl2), plaque formed plants contained more Cd in the roots. Cadmium inducible ion leakage in the root and lowering of the photosynthetic pigment content were less in plants with a plaque. Stretching of aromatic carbonyl groups and alkyl groups among plaque formed plants upon Cd treatments indicated the putative role of phenolics in Cd detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kambam Tamna Singha
- a Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad, School of Life Sciences , Hyderabad , Telangana , India
| | - Abin Sebastian
- a Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad, School of Life Sciences , Hyderabad , Telangana , India
| | - Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad
- a Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad, School of Life Sciences , Hyderabad , Telangana , India
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Luo J, Yang D, Qi S, Wu J, Gu XS. Using solar cell to phytoremediate field-scale metal polluted soil assisted by electric field. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 165:404-410. [PMID: 30218963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eucalyptus globulus were used to remediate a real scale site endangered by e-waste with electric fields supplied by solar cell and conventional storage battery. The capacity of the species to produce biomass, absorb pollutants and decontaminate metals, as well as the soil moisture of various layers under different treatments was compared. During the 3-month experiment, the output potential of solar cell influenced by weather conditions was less stable (ranging from 0 to 8.3 V) comparing with traditional power supply. Solar cell and storage battery stimulated the growth of the species from 5.92 in control to 7.21 and 7.38 kg per plant, respectively, demonstrating their similar improvement effect. Electric fields of either power source increased the metal concentrations of plant roots and shoots in equal proportions and subsequently greatly promoted the efficiency to decontaminate pollutants. Relative to the control without electric field, solar cell and storage battery treatments reduced the soil moisture of each corresponding layer and consequently, alleviated the leaching risk. At the termination of the experiment, metals tended to distribute in the surface layer under electric field assisted phytoremediation either by solar cell or storage battery. Comparing with conventional battery, solar cell has similar effect on improving remediation and mitigating leaching risk, but is less energy consuming and easier to manage, especially under real scale field. Solar cell treatment was suggested to be a suitable supplementary means to improve phytoremediation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dan Yang
- China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jian Wu
- China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Defense Mechanisms of Two Pioneer Submerged Plants during Their Optimal Performance Period in the Bioaccumulation of Lead: A Comparative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122844. [PMID: 30551602 PMCID: PMC6313381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, two pioneer, submerged plants, effectively remove heavy metals from contaminated water. The present work evaluates the bioaccumulation and defense mechanisms of these plants in the accumulation of lead from contaminated water during their optimal performance period. C. demersum and H. verticillata were investigated after 14 days of exposure to various lead concentrations (5–80 μM). The lead accumulation in both C. demersum and H. verticillata increased with an increasing lead concentration, reaching maximum values of 2462.7 and 1792 mg kg−1 dw, respectively, at 80 μM. The biomass and protein content decreased significantly in C. demersum when exposed to lead. The biomass of H. verticillata exposed to lead had no significant difference from that of the controls, and the protein content increased for the 5–10 μM exposure groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were much higher in C. demersum, suggesting considerable damage from lipid peroxidation and sensitivity to lead stress. Enzyme inhibition and inactivation were also observed in C. demersum at high lead concentrations (40–80 μM). The excellent growth status, low damage from lipid peroxidation, and high activity of catalase (CAT) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) observed in H. verticillata illustrate its better tolerance under the same lead stress.
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Goswami S, Das S. Eichhornia crassipes mediated copper phytoremediation and its success using catfish bioassay. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:440-448. [PMID: 30025361 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) pollution in aquaculture ponds poses substantial ecological threats. Most phytoremediation studies deal with the efforts of removing Cu from water, but seldom, such endeavors are validated by suitable bioassays. The present study undertook a two-pronged effort to remediate Cu by phytoextraction with an aquatic macrophyte, Eichhornia crassipes, and establish the efficacy of such endeavors by Clarias batrachus bioassay. For phytoextraction trials, E. crassipes was exposed to Cu concentration 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg L-1 in Hoagland solution for 21 days. The highest uptake of 2168 μg g-1 dw was at 10 mg L-1 Cu exposure, and efficient root to leaf translocation was seen for 5-10 mg Cu L-1. For these doses, there was 55-57% decline in Cu from test waters. We evaluated morphological, physiological and biochemical response of plants towards Cu stress to gauge its phytomediation capacity. For bioassays, fish were reared for 7 days in phytoremediated Cu doses of 5 and 10 mg L-1. The accumulation of Cu followed the pattern: kidney > liver > gill > muscle. Fish muscle accumulated 21.8-27.0 μg Cu g-1 dw after 7 d, however, for E. crassipes remediated doses, muscle accumulated 8.2-10.9 μg Cu g-1 dw, which was within the safe levels of Cu in edible tissues. Metal doses declined protein contents and augmented malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase concentrations in tissues. Although their concentrations in remediated groups failed to reach the levels of control fish, significant recovery in these parameters were observed. The results pointed towards the efficacy of Cu phytoextration by E. crassipes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayana Goswami
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Suchismita Das
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
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Maleva M, Garmash E, Chukina N, Malec P, Waloszek A, Strzałka K. Effect of the exogenous anthocyanin extract on key metabolic pathways and antioxidant status of Brazilian elodea (Egeria densa (Planch.) Casp.) exposed to cadmium and manganese. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 160:197-206. [PMID: 29804017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Present study deals with the effect of 24 h pre-incubation with exogenous anthocyanins (ANTH), extracted from red cabbage leaves, on key metabolic processes (photosynthesis and respiration) and pro-/antioxidant balance in the aquatic macrophyte Egeria densa (Planch.) Casp., Hydrocharitaceae family, treated with Cd and Mn (in sulfate form) at a concentration of 100 μmol. After five days of metal treatments, Cd was accumulated and the damage caused to metabolic processes was stronger than Mn. In Cd-treated leaves, the protein level, chlorophyll concentration and maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II decreased twofold, and net-photosynthesis was significantly inhibited, whereas lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production increased. In turn, protective responses developed, including an increase in the total soluble thiols, alternative respiratory pathway capacity and the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidases. Pre-incubation in the ANTH-enriched extract caused an increase in foliar ANTH content, enhanced Cd and reduced Mn uptake into the tissue. A decrease in the level of oxidative reactions, an increase in the protein and chlorophyll concentration compared to the control values and a partial improvement of the photosynthetic parameters confirmed the ability of ANTH to reduce Cd-induced damage effects and to mitigate ROS-driven stress reactions. Stimulation of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity, an alternative respiration capacity and non-enzymatic antioxidant (carotenoids, ascorbate and proline) synthesis by ANTH were also revealed. These data suggest that ANTH-enriched extract from red cabbage leaves has a protective action against metal toxicity in Egeria plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maleva
- Department of Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Elena Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda Chukina
- Department of Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Przemysław Malec
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Waloszek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Strzałka
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Differential physiological responses and tolerance to potentially toxic elements in biodiesel tree Jatropha curcas. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1635. [PMID: 29374257 PMCID: PMC5786012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has become a serious problem with increasing industrialization and the disturbance of natural biogeochemical cycles. Jatropha is an oilseed-bearing shrub with high potential for biodiesel production in arid regions. In this study, we examined the physiological responses of this plant to five representative PTEs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in a hydroponic culture. Application of higher concentrations of Cd and Zn led to severe leaf chlorosis, and Cd, Cu, and Ni treatments resulted in significant growth retardation. Higher enrichment of the applied PTEs in the shoots was observed for Zn- and Cd-treated plants, with the latter reaching 24-fold enrichment in plants exposed to 10 μM Cd, suggesting that Jatropha can cope with relatively higher internal concentrations of toxic Cd. Although Cd stress led to the disturbance of essential mineral homeostasis and photosynthesis, this induced an increase in thiol compounds in the roots, suggesting defensive responses of Jatropha to PTEs. This study showed that Jatropha exhibits distinct sensitivities and physiological responses to different PTEs. This study also provides basic knowledge for diagnosing the physiological status of Jatropha trees for potential dual use in afforestation and as a sustainable energy supply.
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