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Li S, He Z, Qiu W, Yu M, Wu L, Han X, Zhuo R. SpCTP3 from the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola positively regulates cadmium tolerance by interacting with SpMDH1. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134517. [PMID: 38739960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal pollutant mainly originating from the discharge of industrial sewage, irrigation with contaminated water, and the use of fertilizers. The phytoremediation of Cd polluted soil depends on the identification of the associated genes in hyperaccumulators. Here, a novel Cd tolerance gene (SpCTP3) was identified in hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola. The results of Cd2+ binding and thermodynamic analyses, revealed the CXXC motif in SpCTP3 functions is a Cd2+ binding site. A mutated CXXC motif decreased binding to Cd by 59.93%. The subcellular localization analysis suggested that SpCTP3 is primarily a cytoplasmic protein. Additionally, the SpCTP3-overexpressing (OE) plants were more tolerant to Cd and accumulated more Cd than wild-type Sedum alfredii (NHE-WT). The Cd concentrations in the cytoplasm of root and leaf cells were significantly higher (53.75% and 71.87%, respectively) in SpCTP3-OE plants than in NHE-WT. Furthermore, malic acid levels increased and decreased in SpCTP3-OE and SpCTP3-RNAi plants, respectively. Moreover, SpCTP3 interacted with malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1). Thus, SpCTP3 helps regulate the subcellular distribution of Cd and increases Cd accumulation when it is overexpressed in plants, ultimately Cd tolerance through its interaction with SpMDH1. This study provides new insights relevant to improving the Cd uptake by Sedum plumbizincicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, the Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China; Zhejiang Xiaoshan Institute of Cotton & Bast Fiber Crops, Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 311251, China
| | - Zhengquan He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetic & Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/ Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenmin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, the Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, the Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Xiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, the Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China.
| | - Renying Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, the Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China.
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Tian F, Wang J, Ding F, Wang L, Yang Y, Bai X, Tan C, Liao X. Comparative transcriptomics and proteomics analysis of the symbiotic germination of Paphiopedilum barbigerum with Epulorhiza sp. FQXY019. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358137. [PMID: 38562471 PMCID: PMC10982344 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Paphiopedilum barbigerum is currently the rarest and most endangered species of orchids in China and has significant ornamental value. The mature seeds of P. barbigerum are difficult to germinate owing to the absence of an endosperm and are highly dependent on mycorrhizal fungi for germination and subsequent development. However, little is known about the regulation mechanisms of symbiosis and symbiotic germination of P. barbigerum seeds. Methods Herein, transcriptomics and proteomics were used to explore the changes in the P. barbigerum seeds after inoculation with (FQXY019 treatment group) or without (control group) Epulorhiza sp. FQXY019 at 90 days after germination. Results Transcriptome sequencing revealed that a total of 10,961 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 2,599 upregulated and 8,402 downregulated) were identified in the control and FQXY019 treatment groups. These DEGs were mainly involved in carbohydrate, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, the expression levels of candidate DEGs related to nodulin, Ca2+ signaling, and plant lectins were significantly affected in P. barbigerum in the FQXY019 treatment groups. Subsequently, tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics was performed to recognize the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and a total of 537 DEPs (220 upregulated and 317 downregulated) were identified that were enriched in processes including photosynthesis, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, and fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism. Discussion This study provides novel insight on the mechanisms underlying the in vitro seed germination and protocorm development of P. barbigerum by using a compatible fungal symbiont and will benefit the reintroduction and mycorrhizal symbiotic germination of endangered orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tian
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation in the Karst Mountain Area of Southwestern China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Juncai Wang
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fangjun Ding
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation in the Karst Mountain Area of Southwestern China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation in the Karst Mountain Area of Southwestern China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanbing Yang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation in the Karst Mountain Area of Southwestern China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxiang Bai
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Chengjiang Tan
- Guizhou Maolan National Nature Reserve Administration, Libo, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liao
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Zhang J, Na M, Wang Y, Ge W, Zhou J, Zhou S. Cadmium levels and soil pH drive structure and function differentiation of endophytic bacterial communities in Sedum plumbizincicola: A field study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168828. [PMID: 38029975 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Sedum plumbizincicola is a promising hyperaccumulator for heavy metal phytoremediation. It grows in heavy metal polluted soil and stores specific endophyte resources with heavy metal tolerance or growth promotion characteristics. In this study, the endophyte communities of S. plumbizincicola, growing naturally in the field (two former mining locations and one natural location) were investigated, and their structure and function were comparatively studied. The bioaccumulation and translocation characteristics of cadmium (Cd) and selenium (Se) in S. plumbizincicola were also evaluated. The results showed that the heavy metal pollution reduced the richness and diversity of endophyte communities. Soil pH and Cd concentration could be the key factors affecting the composition of the endophyte community. Co-occurrence network analysis identified that 22 keystone taxa belonging to Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, Myxococcota and Proteobacteria were positively correlated with Cd bioaccumulation and translocation. The predicted endophyte metabolic pathways were enriched in physiological metabolism, immune system, and genetic Information processing. These findings may help to understand how endophytes assist host plants to enhance their adaptability to harsh environments, and provide a basis for further exploration of plant-endophyte interactions and improvement in phytoremediation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Meng Na
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wen Ge
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Jihai Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Shoubiao Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
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Li Y, Shi X, Xu J, Huang X, Feng J, Huang Y, Liu K, Yu F. Proteomics-based analysis on the stress response mechanism of Bidens pilosa L. under cadmium exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132761. [PMID: 37837780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. (B. pilosa) has great potential for the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Cd tolerance and detoxification in B. pilosa is still unclear. In the present study, a 4D label-free quantification technique combined with liquid chromatography-parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to explore the stress response mechanism of B. pilosa. Proteomic analysis revealed 213 and 319 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the roots and leaves of B. pilosa, respectively, and 12 target proteins were selected for further analysis. SWISS-MODEL was used to predict the 3D structures of the target proteins. The cation-ATPase-N structural domain and an ATPase-E1-E2 motif, which help to regulate ATPase function, were detected in the TR10519_c0_g1_ORF protein. In addition, the TR6620_c0_g1_ORF_1 and TR611_c1_g1_ORF proteins contained peroxidase-1 and peroxidase-2 motifs. The TR11239_c0_g1_ORF protein was found to belong to the Fe-SOD family, to have a dimeric structure and to contain a relatively high proportion of α-helices but few β-sheets, which play important roles in reactive oxygen intermediate scavenging. Thus, the current study provides an overview of the proteomic response of B. pilosa in scavenging of Cd-induced reactive oxygen intermediates and reveals key proteins involved in the stress response of B. pilosa under Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jingpei Feng
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
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5
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Kuang L, Yan T, Gao F, Tang W, Wu D. Multi-omics analysis reveals differential molecular responses to cadmium toxicity in rice root tip and mature zone. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132758. [PMID: 37837773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal that can be readily absorbed by plants and enriched in human body. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield and grain quality are affected by excessive Cd in the soil. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of Cd absorption, accumulation and detoxification in the root apex is crucial for developing low-Cd rice cultivars. After Cd treatment, Cd concentration in rice root tips (RT) was 1.4 times higher than that in basal roots (BR). To uncover the distinct molecular responses to Cd toxicity, we conducted transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses on the two root sections. The results revealed that the RT exhibited 1.2-2.0 fold higher transcript or protein abundance of several Cd-related transporters than the BR, including Nramp1, Nramp5, IRT1, and HMA3, thereby contributing to more Cd accumulation in the RT. Furthermore, multi-omics analysis unveiled that the RT had enhanced activity in 'phenylpropanoid metabolism', 'AsA-GSH cycle' and 'tryptophan metabolism', conferring the stronger antioxidant system. While the BR showed higher activation in 'cell wall remodeling' and 'terpenoid biosynthesis'. This comprehensive study provides insights into the regulatory network of genes, proteins and metabolites involved in the differential responses to Cd toxicity between rice root tips and mature zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Kuang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tao Yan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenbang Tang
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Dezhi Wu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China.
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6
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Sun X, Wang J, Zhang M, Liu Z, E Y, Meng J, He T. Combined application of biochar and sulfur alleviates cadmium toxicity in rice by affecting root gene expression and iron plaque accumulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115596. [PMID: 37839192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and sulfur are considered useful amendments for soil cadmium (Cd) contamination remediation. However, there is still a gap in the understanding of how combined biochar and sulfur application affects Cd resistance in rice, and the role of the accumulation of iron plaque and the expression of Cd efflux transporter-related genes are still unclear in this type of treatment. In this study, we screened an effective combination of biochar and sulfur (0.75 % biochar, 60 mg/kg sulfur) that significantly reduced the Cd content of rice roots (32.9 %) and shoots (12.3 %); significantly reduced the accumulation of amino acids and their derivatives, organic acids and their derivatives and flavonoids in rice roots; and altered secondary metabolite production and release. This combined biochar and sulfur application alleviated the toxicity of Cd to rice, in which the enhancement of iron plaque (24.8 %) formation and upregulated expression of heavy metal effector genes (NRAMP3, MTP3, ZIP1) were important factors. These findings show that iron plaque and heavy metal transport genes are involved in the detoxification of rice under the combined application of biochar and sulfur, which provides useful information for the combined treatment of soil Cd pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Sun
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jiangnan Wang
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zunqi Liu
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yang E
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jun Meng
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tianyi He
- National Biochar Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Amelioration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China.
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7
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Dong Q, Wu Y, Li B, Chen X, Peng L, Sahito ZA, Li H, Chen Y, Tao Q, Xu Q, Huang R, Luo Y, Tang X, Li Q, Wang C. Multiple insights into lignin-mediated cadmium detoxification in rice (Oryza sativa). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131931. [PMID: 37379605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is readily absorbed by rice and enters the food chain, posing a health risk to humans. A better understanding of the mechanisms of Cd-induced responses in rice will help in developing solutions to reduce Cd uptake in rice. Therefore, this research attempted to reveal the detoxification mechanisms of rice in response to Cd through physiological, transcriptomic and molecular approaches. The results showed that Cd stress restricted rice growth, led to Cd accumulation and H2O2 production, and resulted cell death. Transcriptomic sequencing revealed glutathione and phenylpropanoid were the major metabolic pathways under Cd stress. Physiological studies showed that antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione and lignin contents were significantly increased under Cd stress. In response to Cd stress, q-PCR results showed that genes related to lignin and glutathione biosynthesis were upregulated, whereas metal transporter genes were downregulated. Further pot experiment with rice cultivars with increased and decreased lignin content confirmed the causal relationship between increased lignin and reduced Cd in rice. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of lignin-mediated detoxification mechanism in rice under Cd stress and explains the function of lignin in production of low-Cd rice to ensure human health and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dong
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu Peng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Sichuan tobacco company, Liangshanzhou company, Xichang 615000, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youlin Luo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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8
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Li C, Yao Y, Liu X, Chen H, Li X, Zhao M, Zhao H, Wang Y, Cheng Z, Wang L, Cheng J, Sun H. Integrated metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics analyses reveal co-exposure effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cadmium on ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108105. [PMID: 37517176 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are prominent soil contaminants found in industrial sites, and their combined effects on plants are not yet fully understood. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the co-exposure of Cd and PAHs and identify key biomarkers for their co-effects, an integrated analysis of metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics was conducted on ryegrass leaves cultivated in soil. In nontarget metabolomics analysis, nine differentially expressed metabolites that were specifically induced by the compound exposure were identified. When combined with the analysis of differentially expressed genes and proteins, it was determined that the major pathways involved in the response to the co-stress of Cd and PAHs were linoleic acid metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The upregulation of 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid and the downregulation of sinapyl alcohol were identified as typical biomarkers, respectively. Compared to scenarios of single exposures, the compound exposure to Cd and PAHs disrupted the oxidation of linoleic acid, leading to alterations in the profiles of linoleate metabolites. Additionally, it intensified hydroxylation, carboxylation, and methylation processes, and interfered with reactions involving coenzyme A, thus inhibiting lignin production. As a result, oxidative stress was elevated, and the cell wall defense system in ryegrass was weakened. The findings of this study highlight the ecological risks associated with unique biological responses in plants co-exposed to Cd and PAHs in polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Maosen Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiemin Cheng
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Cheng Y, Qiu L, Shen P, Wang Y, Li J, Dai Z, Qi M, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Transcriptome studies on cadmium tolerance and biochar mitigating cadmium stress in muskmelon. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 197:107661. [PMID: 36989990 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium pollution in agricultural soil is a great threat to crop growth and human health. In this research, with 1%, 3% and 5% biochar applied to control soil cadmium pollution, melon was selected to be the experimental object for physiological detection and transcriptome analysis, through which we explored the mechanism of cadmium tolerance and biochar mitigating cadmium stress in muskmelon. Three set concentrations of biochar have a mitigative effect on muskmelon cadmium stress, and 5% biochar and 3% biochar respectively have the best and the worst alleviative effect. The alleviation of biochar to cadmium stress on muskmelon is primarily in the manner of inhibiting cadmium transfer, while the resistance of muskmelon to cadmium stress is through activating phenylpropanoid pathway and overexpressing stress related genes. Under cadmium treatment, 11 genes of the phenylpropane pathway and 19 stress-related genes including cytochrome P450 family protein genes and WRKY transcription factor genes were up-regulated, while 1%, 3%, 5% biochar addition significantly downregulated 3, 0, 7 phenylpropane pathway genes and 17, 5, 16 stress-related genes, respectively. Genes such as cytochrome P450 protein family genes, WRKY transcription factor genes, and annexin genes may play a key role in muskmelon's resistance to cadmium stress. The results show the key pathways and genes of cadmium stress resistance and the effect of different concentrations of biochar in alleviating cadmium stress, which provide a reference for the research of cadmium stress resistance in crops and the application of biochar in cadmium pollution in agricultural soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Lingzhi Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Pingkai Shen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yunqiang Wang
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, PR China; Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, PR China
| | - Junli Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Zhaoyi Dai
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, PR China; Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, PR China
| | - Meifang Qi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zhengkang Zou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
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10
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Zhang D, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Wei S, Zhang X, Zhang D, Ma H, Ding Q, Ma L. Morphophysiological, proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal cadmium tolerance mechanism in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130499. [PMID: 36455318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination can reduce wheat yield and quality, thus threatening food security and human health. Herein, morphological physiology, Cd accumulation and distribution, proteomic and metabolomic analyses were performed (using wheat cultivars 'Luomai23' (LM, Cd-sensitive) and 'Zhongyu10' (ZY, Cd-tolerant) at the seedling stage with sand culture) to reveal Cd tolerance mechanism. Cd inhibited wheat growth, caused oxidative stress, hindered carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and altered the quantity and composition of root exudates. The root Cd concentration was lower in ZY than in LM by about 35% under 15 μM Cd treatments. ZY reduced Cd uptake through root exudation of amino acids and alkaloids. ZY also reduced Cd accumulation through specific up-regulation (twice) of major facilitator superfamily (MFS) proteins. Furthermore, ZY enhanced Cd cell wall fixation and vacuolar compartmentalization by increasing pectin contents, hemicellulose1 contents, and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) transporter expression, thus reducing the Cd organelle fraction of ZY by about 12% and 44% in root and shoot, respectively, compared with LM. Additionally, ZY had enhanced resilience to Cd due to increased antioxidant capacity, plasma membrane stability, nitrogen metabolism, and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, indicating that the increased Cd tolerance could be because of multi-level coordination. These findings provide a reference for exploring the molecular mechanism of Cd tolerance and accumulation, providing a basis for safe utilization of Cd-contaminated soil by breeding Cd-tolerant and low Cd-accumulating wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuwei Wei
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haosen Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qin Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lingjian Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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11
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Li Y, Dong Q, Wu D, Yin Y, Du W, Guo H. A 24-epibrassinolide treatment and intercropping willow with alfalfa increase the efficiency of the phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158471. [PMID: 36063946 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium contamination in agricultural soils threatens food security and human health, and that has caused widespread concern worldwide. Willow and alfalfa are widely used for the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil, and willow NJU513 is the promising plant for remediating Cd-contaminated soil. In order to discuss the effect of intercropping willow NJU513 with alfalfa on the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil, a pot-culture experiment was conducted in the greenhouse. The result showed that the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil was enhanced by this intercropping because of the 25.90 % increase in the available Cd content. In order to increase the phytoremediation efficiency of Cd in the intercropping treatment, a 24-epibrassinolide (Brs) treatment was designed in the current study. The results showed that the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by willow and alfalfa improved following a Brs treatment because of the 16.32-74.15 % and 16.91-44.48 % increases in the plant biomass and available Cd content, respectively. Additionally, the extracted Cd by plants in the intercropping treatments with and without Brs was 0.56 and 0.31 mg pot-1, respectively. Transcriptome analyses of willow leaves revealed that Brs up-regulated the expression of genes related to calcium channel activity, calcium and zinc transmembrane transport, photosynthesis, catalase/antioxidant activity, glutathione metabolic processes and detoxification, phagosomes, and vacuoles, and that these upregulated genes promoted plant remediation efficiency and resistance to Cd stress. Brs promoted the phosphate ion transporter activity in willow leaves, which may have enhanced the solubilization of insoluble phosphate minerals by bacterial species (e.g., Vicinamibacterales, Bacillus, and Gaiella) to release Cd, ultimately leading to increased phytoremediation efficiency. In addition, plants with and without Brs treatments induced the bacteria-mediated transformation of available Cd to stable Cd. The study findings may be useful for improving the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yepu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Danni Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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12
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Li X, Li Y, Kang X, Yu J, Gao S, Zhang J, Wang H, Pan H, Yang Q, Zhuge Y, Lou Y. Effective utilization of weak alkaline soils with Cd-contamination by wheat and rape intercropping. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114335. [PMID: 36442399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing concern about the health hazards of heavy metal-polluted farmlands. Recent findings suggest that intercropping could be effective remediation strategy for agricultural soils without affecting crop biomass yield. However, there are concerns on the heavy metal accumulation in plant organs in phytoremediation, emphasizing the need to develop an effective intercropping remediation model. In this study, we evaluated the effects of intercropping rape and wheat with different accumulation characteristics of cadmium (Cd), and crop growth and physiological characteristics. Intercropping significantly reduced the Cd content of rape shoot and root, with the rape-low Cd-accumulating wheat intercropping system yielding the best results. However, intercropping had no significant effect on Cd accumulation in wheat. Additionally, intercropping affected the root system configuration and structure, photosynthetic indicators, chlorophyll content, crop enzyme content, and rhizosphere enzyme activity of both species, but did not significantly affect the biomass of wheat and rape. Overall, our findings showed that intercropping rape with a low Cd-accumulating wheat variety could be an effective model for safe production of wheat and rape in weak alkaline soils without compromising biomass yield. The study demonstrates that similar innovative, effective, and judicious intercropping strategy can enrich the theory of contaminated soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yaping Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xirui Kang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Shuo Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Hong Pan
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Quangang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yuping Zhuge
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Yanhong Lou
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai'an City, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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Cheng SS, Ku YS, Cheung MY, Lam HM. Identification of stably expressed reference genes for expression studies in Arabidopsis thaliana using mass spectrometry-based label-free quantification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1001920. [PMID: 36247637 PMCID: PMC9557097 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1001920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana has been used regularly as a model plant in gene expression studies on transcriptional reprogramming upon pathogen infection, such as that by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000), or when subjected to stress hormone treatments including jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) has been extensively employed to quantitate these gene expression changes. However, the accuracy of the quantitation is largely dependent on the stability of the expressions of reference genes used for normalization. Recently, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has been widely used to mine stably expressed genes for use as references in RT-qPCR. However, the amplification step in RNA-seq creates an intrinsic bias against those genes with relatively low expression levels, and therefore does not provide an accurate quantification of all expressed genes. In this study, we employed mass spectrometry-based label-free quantification (LFQ) in proteomic analyses to identify those proteins with abundances unaffected by Pst DC3000 infection. We verified, using RT-qPCR, that the levels of their corresponding mRNAs were also unaffected by Pst DC3000 infection. Compared to commonly used reference genes for expression studies in A. thaliana upon Pst DC3000 infection, the candidate reference genes reported in this study generally have a higher expression stability. In addition, using RT-qPCR, we verified that the mRNAs of the candidate reference genes were stably expressed upon stress hormone treatments including JA, SA, and ABA. Results indicated that the candidate genes identified here had stable expressions upon these stresses and are suitable to be used as reference genes for RT-qPCR. Among the 18 candidate reference genes reported in this study, many of them had greater expression stability than the commonly used reference genes, such as ACT7, in previous studies. Here, besides proposing more appropriate reference genes for Arabidopsis expression studies, we also demonstrated the capacity of mass spectrometry-based LFQ to quantify protein abundance and the possibility to extend protein expression studies to the transcript level.
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