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Luo C, Zhang L, Ali MM, Xu Y, Liu Z. Environmental risk substances in soil on seed germination: Chemical species, inhibition performance, and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134518. [PMID: 38749244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, numerous environmental risk substances in soil worldwide have exhibited serious germination inhibition of crop seeds, posing a threat to food supply and security. This review provides a comprehensive summary and discussion of the inhibitory effects of environmental risk substances on seed germination, encompassing heavy metals, microplastics, petroleum hydrocarbons, salinity, phenols, essential oil, agricultural waste, antibiotics, etc. The impacts of species, concentrations, and particle sizes of various environmental risk substances are critically investigated. Furthermore, three primary inhibition mechanisms of environmental risk substances are elucidated: hindering water absorption, inducing oxidative damage, and damaging seed cells/organelles/cell membranes. To address these negative impacts, diverse effective coping measures such as biochar/compost addition, biological remediation, seed priming, coating, and genetic modification are proposed. In brief, this study systematically analyzes the negative effects of environmental risk substances on seed germination, and provides a basis for the comprehensive understanding and future implementation of efficient treatments to address this significant challenge and ensure food security and human survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mahmoud M Ali
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Yongdong Xu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
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Si H, Wang R, Zhao Y, Hao H, Zhao C, Xing S, Yu H, Liang X, Lu J, Chen X, Wang B. Large-scale soil application of hydrochar: Reducing its polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content and toxicity by heating. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134467. [PMID: 38691930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The beneficial roles of hydrochar in carbon sequestration and soil improvement are widely accepted. Despite few available reports regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated during preparation, their potential negative impacts on ecosystems remain a concern. A heating treatment method was employed in this study for rapidly removing PAHs and reducing the toxicity of corn stover-based hydrochar (CHC). The result showed total PAHs content (∑PAH) decreased and then sharply increased within the temperature range from 150 °C to 400 °C. The ∑PAH and related toxicity in CHC decreased by more than 80% under 200 °C heating temperature, compared with those in the untreated sample, representing the lowest microbial toxicity. Benzo(a)pyrene produced a significant influence on the ecological toxicity of the hydrochar among the 16 types of PAHs. The impact of thermal treatment on the composition, content, and toxicity of PAHs was significantly influenced by the adsorption, migration, and desorption of PAHs within hydrochar pores, as well as the disintegration and aggregation of large molecular polymers. The combination of hydrochar with carbonized waste heat and exhaust gas collection could be a promising method to efficiently and affordably reduce hydrochar ecological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Si
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Han Hao
- Jinan Xinhang Experimental Foreign Language School, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Changkai Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Sen Xing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hewei Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - JiKai Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, 66 Wa-liu Road, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
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Staroń A, Kijania-Kontak M, Dziadas M, Banach M. Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Solid Oil Materials Based on Pyrolysis Oil. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5847. [PMID: 37687541 PMCID: PMC10488463 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
One method of managing used car tires is decomposition by thermochemical conversion methods. By conducting the process at temperatures of 450-750 °C, three fractions are obtained from tires: oil, gas, and solid. The liquid product of the pyrolysis of used car tires is pyrolysis oil, which consists of aromatic, polyaromatic, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Unconventional building materials were obtained from tire pyrolysis oil and the environmental impact was evaluated. Blocks made from pyrolysis oil showed mechanical strength of up to about 1700 N. No heavy metals or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which were found in the crude heavy-PO fraction, were detected in the filtrates after incubation of the block obtained from the heavy-PO fraction at 240 °C. The highest inhibition of Sorghum saccharatum shoot (74.4%) and root (57.5%) growth was observed for solid materials from the medium-PO fraction obtained at 240 °C. The most favorable values of the parameters for the process of obtaining blocks based on post-PO were an annealing temperature of 180 °C, time of 20 h, and mass ratio of catalyst to catalyzed oil of 0.045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Staroń
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Magda Kijania-Kontak
- Department of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Dziadas
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Banach
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland
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Wyszkowska J, Borowik A, Zaborowska M, Kucharski J. The Usability of Sorbents in Restoring Enzymatic Activity in Soils Polluted with Petroleum-Derived Products. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103738. [PMID: 37241368 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to their ability to adsorb or absorb chemical pollutants, including organic compounds, sorbents are increasingly used in the reclamation of soils subjected to their pressure, which results from their high potential in eliminating xenobiotics. The precise optimization of the reclamation process is required, focused primarily on restoring the condition of the soil. This research are essential for seeking materials sufficiently potent to accelerate the remediation process and for expanding knowledge related to biochemical transformations that lead to the neutralization of these pollutants. The goal of this study was to determine and compare the sensitivity of soil enzymes to petroleum-derived products in soil sown with Zea mays, remediated using four sorbents. The study was conducted in a pot experiment, with loamy sand (LS) and sandy loam (SL) polluted with VERVA diesel oil (DO) and VERVA 98 petrol (P). Soil samples were collected from arable lands, and the effects of the tested pollutants were compared with those used as control uncontaminated soil samples in terms of Zea mays biomass and the activity of seven enzymes in the soil. The following sorbents were applied to mitigate DO and P effects on the test plants and enzymatic activity: molecular sieve (M), expanded clay (E), sepiolite (S), and Ikasorb (I). Both DO and P exerted a toxic effect on Zea mays, with DO more strongly disturbing its growth and development and the activities of soil enzymes than P. In sandy clay (SL), P was found to be a significant inhibitor of dehydrogenases (Deh), catalase (Cat), urease (Ure), alkaline phosphatase (Pal), and arylsulfatase (Aryl) activities, while DO stimulated the activity of all enzymes in this soil. The study results suggest that the sorbents tested, mainlya molecular sieve, may be useful in remediating DO-polluted soils, especially when alleviating the effects of these pollutants in soils of lower agronomic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Wyszkowska
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agata Borowik
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zaborowska
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Kucharski
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
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