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Guo Y, Wen L, Zhao X, Xing C, Huang R. Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) can utilize and remediate soil strongly contaminated with Cu, As, Cd, and Pb by phytoattenuation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142199. [PMID: 38692366 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has great application potential in heavy metal-polluted soils owing to its safe non-food utilization. However, the fate of heavy metals in different varieties of hemp planted in strongly contaminated natural soils remains unknown. Here, we investigated the growth, heavy metal uptake, distribution, and transfer of nine hemp varieties in soils strongly contaminated with Cu, As, Cd, and Pb. Hemp variety and metal type were the main factors affecting the growth and heavy metal uptake in hemp. The nine hemp varieties grew well in the contaminated soils; however, differences existed among the varieties. The biomass of Z3 reached 5669.1 kg hm-1, whereas that of Yunma No. 1 was only 51.8 % of Z3. The plant height, stalk diameter, and stalk bark thickness of Z3 were greater than those of the other varieties, reaching 168 cm, 9.2 mm, and 0.56 mm, respectively. Permanova's analysis revealed that the total effects of Cu, As, Cd, and Pb on the growth of the nine hemp varieties reached 60 %, with leaf As having the greatest effect, reaching 16 %. , Even in strongly contaminated soils, the nine varieties showed poor Cu, As, Cd, and Pb uptake. Most of the Cu, As, Cd, and Pb were retained in the root, reaching 57.7-72.4, 47.6-64.7, 76.0-92.9, and 70.0-87.8 %, respectively. Overall, the Cu, As, Cd, and Pb uptake of Wanma No.1 was the highest among the nine varieties, whereas that of Guangxi Bama was the lowest. These results indicate that hemp is a viable alternative for phytoattenuation in soils contaminated with heavy metals because of its ability to tolerate and accumulate Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in its roots, and Guangxi Bama is superior to the other varieties considering the safe utilization of hemp products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 41000, China; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410221, China
| | - Lan Wen
- College of Applied Technology, The Open University of Hunan, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xinlin Zhao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410221, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410221, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410221, China.
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Hu Y, Wang J, Yang Y, Li S, Wu Q, Nepovimova E, Zhang X, Kuca K. Revolutionizing soil heavy metal remediation: Cutting-edge innovations in plant disposal technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170577. [PMID: 38311074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Soil contamination with heavy metals has emerged as a global environmental threat, compromising agricultural productivity, ecosystem integrity, and human health. Conventional remediation techniques often fall short due to high costs, operational complexities, and environmental drawbacks. Plant-based disposal technologies, including biochar, phytometallurgy, and phrolysis, have emerged as promising solutions in this regard. Grounded in a novel experimental framework, biochar is studied for its dual role as soil amendment and metal adsorbent, while phytometallurgy is explored for its potential in resource recovery and economic benefits derived from harvested metal-rich plant biomass. Pyrolysis, in turn, is assessed for transforming contaminated biomass into value-added products, thereby minimizing waste. These plant disposal technologies create a circular model of remediation and resource utilization that holds the potential for application in large-scale soil recovery projects, development of environmentally friendly agro-industries, and advancement in sustainable waste management practices. This review mainly discussed cutting-edge plant disposal technologies-biochar application, phytometallurgy, and pyrolysis-as revolutionary approaches to soil heavy metal remediation. The efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact of these innovative technologies are especially evaluated in comparison with traditional methods. The success of these applications could signal a paradigm shift in how we approach both environmental remediation and resource recovery, with profound implications for sustainable development and circular economy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Hu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Junbang Wang
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province/Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810001, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic.
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Huang R, Xing C, Yang Y, Yu W, Zeng L, Li Y, Tan Z, Li Z. Phytoremediation and environmental effects of three Amaranthaceae plants in contaminated soil under intercropping systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169900. [PMID: 38199378 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Intercropping is a widely used agricultural system; however, the effect of intercropping between accumulator plants on phytoextraction in heavy metal-contaminated soils remains unknown. Here, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the phytoextraction efficiency and related environmental effects of three Amaranthaceae plants (Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Celosia argentea, and Pfaffia glomerata) using mono- and intercropping models. In monocropping, the total biomass of A. hypochondriacus was only 51.2 % of that of C. argentea. Compared with monocropping, intercropping reduced the fresh weight per plant of A. hypochondriacus by 53.0 % (intercropping with C. argentea) and 40.5 % (intercropping with P. glomerata) but increased the biomass per plant of C. argentea and P. glomerata by 128.2 and 14.2 %, respectively. The Cd uptake of the three plants in the monocropping models showed the following trend: C. argentea > P. glomerata > A. hypochondriacus. Interplanting A. hypochondriacus and C. argentea further increased the phytoextraction efficiency by 361.2 % (compared with A. hypochondriacus monocropping) and 52.0 % (compared with C. argentea monocropping). Soil exchangeable Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, K, and P, soil N-NO3- and N-NH4+, soil common bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi, and soil total organic carbon (TOC) play key roles in Cd and Pb uptake by the three accumulator plants (p < 0.05). The biomass of common bacteria, Gm+, Gm- bacteria, fungi, AM fungi, and actinomycetes increased with the three accumulators planted in the mono- and intercropping models. Compared with C. argentea monocropping, the biomass of soil microbes in the rhizosphere soil was obviously increased in the intercropping A. hypochondriacus and C. argentea models. These results suggest that interplanting A. hypochondriacus and C. argentea can increase Cd removal efficiency from Cd-contaminated soils, and this model could be recommended to remediate Cd-contaminated soils on a field scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Yuanru Yang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Wang Yu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Liangbin Zeng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Yanqiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhijian Tan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China.
| | - Zhian Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Zhu F, Yang Y, Ren W, Iribagiza RM, Wang W. Coupling electrokinetic remediation with flushing using green tea synthesized nano zero-valent iron/nickel to remediate Cr (VI). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9691-9707. [PMID: 37812370 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on a flushing-electrokinetic remediation technology of hexavalent chromium from the chromium slag dump site. A suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron/nickel fabricated from green tea (GT-nZVI/Ni), was employed as an eluent to degrade Cr (VI) and enhance the remediation effectiveness of a single EK. The removal efficiency of Cr (VI) was compared under different voltages, electrode spacings and pH values of the anolyte. The results demonstrated that the combined flushing and EK achieved a removal rate of Cr (VI) in the soil throughout all the experiments ranging from 83.08 to 96.97% after 120 h. The optimal result was obtained when the voltage was 28 V, the pH value of anolyte was 3 and the electrode spacing was 15 cm. The removal of Cr (VI) reached 91.49% and the energy consumption was 0.32606 kW·h·g-1. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the removal of Cr (VI) by GT-nZVI/Ni flushing-EK primarily involved electromigration, reduction and adsorption co-precipitation processes. The fractionation analysis of Cr (VI) concentration in the soil after remediation showed that the presence of GT-nZVI/Ni facilitated the conversion of Cr (VI) into oxidizable and residual states with low mobility and toxicity. The results of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) indicated that the leaching concentration of Cr (VI) was below 1 mg·L-1, complying with the standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency. Additionally, the phytotoxicity testing revealed that the germination index (GI) of the remediated soil reached 54.75%, indicating no potential harm to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Rose Marie Iribagiza
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
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