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Huo J, Song B, Lin X, Riaz M, Zhao X, Liu S, She Q. Ecological characteristics of sugar beet plant and rhizosphere soil in response to high boron stress: A study of the remediation potential. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120655. [PMID: 38513589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
High boron (B) stress degrades the soil environment and reduces plant productivity. Sugar beet has a high B demand and potential for remediation of B-toxic soils. However, the mechanism regarding the response of sugar beet plants and rhizosphere soil microbiome to high B stress is not clear. In the potted soil experiment, we set different soil effective B environments (0.5, 5, 10, 30, 50, and 100 mg kg-1) to study the growth status of sugar beets under different B concentrations, as well as the characteristics of soil enzyme activity and microbial community changes. The results showed that sugar beet growth was optimal at 5 mg kg-1 of B. Exceeding this concentration the tolerance index decreased. The injury threshold EC20 was reached at an available B concentration of 35.8 mg kg-1. Under the treatment of 100 mg kg-1, the B accumulation of sugar beet reached 0.22 mg plant-1, and the tolerance index was still higher than 60%, which had not yet reached the lethal concentration of sugar beet. The abundance of Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi and Patescibacteria increased, which was beneficial to the resistance of sugar beet to high B stress. In summary, under high B stress sugar beet had strong tolerance, enhanced capacity for B uptake and enrichment, and changes in soil microbial community structure. This study provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the mechanism of sugar beet resistance to high B stress and soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Huo
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Baiquan Song
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Xiaochen Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Shangxuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Qingqing She
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
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Zhao X, Xie Q, Song B, Riaz M, Lal MK, Wang L, Lin X, Huo J. Research on phytotoxicity assessment and photosynthetic characteristics of nicosulfuron residues on Beta vulgaris L. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120159. [PMID: 38310797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Nicosulfuron is a common herbicide used to control weeds in maize fields. In northeast China, sugar beet is often grown as a subsequent crop after maize, and its frequently suffers from soil nicosulfuron residue damage, but the related toxicity evaluation and photosynthetic physiological mechanisms are not clear. Therefore, we experimented to evaluate the impacts of nicosulfuron residues on beet growth, photochemical properties, and antioxidant defense system. The results showed that when the nicosulfuron residue content reached 0.3 μg kg-1, it inhibited the growth of sugar beet. When it reached 36 μg kg-1 (GR50), the growth stagnated. Compared to the control group, a nicosulfuron residue of 36 μg kg-1 significantly decreased beet plant height (70.93 %), leaf area (91.85 %), dry weights of shoot (70.34 %) and root (32.70 %). It also notably reduced the potential photochemical activity (Fv/Fo) by 12.41 %, the light energy absorption performance index (PIabs) by 46.09 %, and light energy absorption (ABS/CSm) by 6.56 %. It decreased the capture (TRo/CSm) by 9.30 % and transferred energy (ETo/CSm) by 16.13 % per unit leaf cross-section while increasing the energy flux of heat dissipation (DIo/CSm) by 22.85 %. This ultimately impaired the photochemical capabilities of PSI and PSII, leading to a reduction in photosynthetic performance. Furthermore, nicosulfuron increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content while decreasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In conclusion, this research clarified the toxicity risk level, lethal dose, and harm mechanism of the herbicide nicosulfuron residue. It provides a theoretical foundation for the rational use of herbicides in agricultural production and sugar beet planting management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Qing Xie
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Baiquan Song
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Longfeng Wang
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xiaochen Lin
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Jialu Huo
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
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