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MacDonald H, McKenney DW, Pedlar J, Lawrence K, de Boer K, Hutchinson MF. Spatial datasets of 30-year (1991-2020) average monthly total precipitation and minimum/maximum temperature for Canada and the United States. Data Brief 2024; 55:110561. [PMID: 38966665 PMCID: PMC11222819 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Thin plate smoothing spline models, covering Canada and the continental United States, were developed using ANUSPLIN for 30-year (1991-2020) monthly mean maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation. These models employed monthly weather station values from the North American dataset published by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Maximum temperature mean absolute errors (MAEs) ranged between 0.54 °C and 0.64 °C (approaching measurement error), while minimum temperature MAEs were slightly higher, varying from 0.87 °C to 1.0 °C. On average, thirty-year precipitation estimates were accurate to within approximately 10 % of total precipitation levels, ranging from 9.0 % in the summer to 12.2 % in the winter. Error rates were higher in Canada compared to estimates in the United States, consistent with a less dense station network in Canada relative to the United States. Precipitation estimates in Canada exhibited MAEs representing 14.7 % of mean total precipitation compared to 9.7 % in the United States. The datasets exhibited minimal bias overall; 0.004 °C for maximum temperature, 0.01 °C for minimum temperature, and 0.5 % for precipitation. Winter months showed a greater dry bias (0.8 % of total winter precipitation) compared to other seasons (-0.4 % of precipitation). These 30-year gridded datasets are available at ∼2 km resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather MacDonald
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, P6A 2E5 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel W. McKenney
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, P6A 2E5 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Pedlar
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, P6A 2E5 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Lawrence
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, P6A 2E5 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaitlin de Boer
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, P6A 2E5 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
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Oyinlola MA, Khorsandi M, Penman R, Earhart ML, Arsenault R, Brauner CJ, St-Hilaire A. Hydrothermal impacts of water release on early life stages of white sturgeon in the Nechako river, B.C. Canada. J Therm Biol 2023; 117:103682. [PMID: 37634393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Water temperature plays a crucial role in the physiology of aquatic species, particularly in their survival and development. Thus, resource programs are commonly used to manage water quality conditions for endemic species. In a river system like the Nechako River system, central British Columbia, a water management program was established in the 1980s to alter water release in the summer months to prevent water temperatures from exceeding a 20 °C threshold downstream during the spawning season of Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Such a management regime could have consequences for other resident species like the white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). Here, we use a hydrothermal model and white sturgeon life stage-specific experimental thermal tolerance data to evaluate water releases and potential hydrothermal impacts based on the Nechako water management plan (1980-2019). Our analysis focused mainly on the warmest five-month period of the year (May to September), which includes the water release management period (July-August). Our results show that the thermal exposure risk, an index that measures temperature impact on species physiology of Nechako white sturgeon across all early life stages (embryo, yolk-sac larvae, larvae, and juvenile) has increased substantially, especially in the 2010s relative to the management program implementations' first decade (the 1980s). The embryonic life stage was the most impacted, with a continuous increase in potential adverse thermal exposure in all months examined in the study. We also recorded major impacts of increased thermal exposure on the critical habitats necessary for Nechako white sturgeon recovery. Our study highlights the importance of a holistic management program with consideration for all species of the Nechako River system and the merit of possibly reviewing the current management plan, particularly with the current concerns about climate change impacts on the Nechako River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed A Oyinlola
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada; Canadian Rivers Institute, UNB Fredericton, 28 Dineen Dr Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Mostafa Khorsandi
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada; Canadian Rivers Institute, UNB Fredericton, 28 Dineen Dr Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Rachael Penman
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Madison L Earhart
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Richard Arsenault
- Hydrology, Climate and Climate Change Laboratory, École de technologie supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame West St., Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Colin J Brauner
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Andre St-Hilaire
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada; Canadian Rivers Institute, UNB Fredericton, 28 Dineen Dr Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
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