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Bueno da Silva M, Wiese-Klinkenberg A, Usadel B, Genzel F. Potato Berries as a Valuable Source of Compounds Potentially Applicable in Crop Protection and Pharmaceutical Sectors: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15449-15462. [PMID: 38970497 PMCID: PMC11261637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a major agricultural crop cultivated worldwide. To meet market demand, breeding programs focus on enhancing important agricultural traits such as disease resistance and improvement of tuber palatability. However, while potato tubers get a lot of attention from research, potato berries are mostly overlooked due to their level of toxicity and lack of usefulness for the food production sector. Generally, they remain unused in the production fields after harvesting the tuber. These berries are toxic due to high levels of glycoalkaloids, which might confer some interesting bioactivities. Berries of various solanaceous species contain bioactive secondary metabolites, suggesting that potato berries might contain similarly valuable metabolites. Therefore, possible applications of potato berries, e.g., in the protection of plants against pests and pathogens, as well as the medical exploitation of their anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antifungal properties, are plausible. The presence of valuable compounds in potato berries could also contribute to the bioeconomy by providing a novel use for otherwise discarded agricultural side streams. Here we review the potential use of these berries for the extraction of compounds that can be exploited to produce pharmaceuticals and plant protection products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Bueno da Silva
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Anika Wiese-Klinkenberg
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Björn Usadel
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, CEPLAS, Institute for Biological
Data Science, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Genzel
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Llorent-Martínez EJ, Ruiz-Medina A, Terzic M, Sinan KI, Koyuncu I, Egi K, Nilofar N, Zengin G. Chemical composition and biological activities of Cucurbita okeechobeensis extracts from its aerial parts, seeds, and fruit shells. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300663. [PMID: 38408265 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The Cucurbita genus has been widely used in traditional medicinal systems across different countries. In this study, we aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant properties, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects of methanol and aqueous extracts obtained from the aerial parts, seeds, and fruit shells of Cucurbita okeechobeensis. Antioxidant properties were assessed using various chemical methods, including radical quenching (DPPH and ABTS), reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), metal chelation, and phosphomolybdenum assays. The extracts' enzyme inhibitory effects were tested against cholinesterase, amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase, whereas different cancer cell lines were used for the cytotoxicity study. The chemical composition, evaluated by HPLC-ESI-MSn, showed that the most abundant compounds were flavonoids (mainly quercetin glycosides) followed by phenolic acids (mostly caffeic acid derivatives). The aerial parts displayed stronger antioxidant ability than the seed and fruit shells, in agreement with the highest content in phytochemicals. In addition, the methanol extracts presented the highest bioactivity and content in phytochemicals; among them, the extract of the aerial part exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines and induced apoptosis. Overall, our results suggest that C. okeechobeensis is a valuable source of bioactive compounds for the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Ruiz-Medina
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, Spain
| | - Milena Terzic
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Kadir Egi
- Dialysis Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Nilofar Nilofar
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Muccilli V, Maccarronello AE, Rasoanandrasana C, Cardullo N, de Luna MS, Pittalà MG, Riccobene PM, Carroccio SC, Scamporrino AA. Green 3: A green extraction of green additives for green plastics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24469. [PMID: 38298717 PMCID: PMC10828702 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PLA/PBAT bioplastic is a commercial biodegradable plastic employed for packaging and several food and agriculture applications. In this regard, properties such as the antioxidant ability to extend food shelf life and light resistance, are of great interest in the production of packaging and mulching films, respectively. These features are obtained by developing blends with pure chemicals and/or natural products as additives. In the present work blend formulations of PLA/PBAT with a walnut shell extract rich in antioxidants were developed and evaluated for their properties in comparison with classic PLA/PBAT. Specifically, natural additives, and most importantly the production process were purposely selected to i) be green and cost-effective; ii) confer antioxidant properties; and iii) improve material performance. To this aim, a walnut shell extract (EWS) with high antioxidant activity was obtained thanks to a novel green and cost-effective microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) procedure. A response surface methodology was utilized to explore how the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity are influenced by varying aqueous ethanol concentration, extraction time, and microwave power. The highest predicted TPC and antioxidant activity were achieved when employing the ideal conditions for Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE): using a mixture of 30 % ethanol in water, an irradiation time of 120 s, and a microwave power of 670 W. The optimized EWS was characterized by HPLC-MS determining qualitative and quantitative data with the identification of flavonoids, fatty acids, and anacardic acids among the main components, responsible for antioxidant activity. The resulting EWS powder was melt-mixed at 140C° and 20 RPM with the bio-based PLA/PBAT bioplastic at two different concentrations (0.5 and 1.5 w/w) by forming film specimens. All EWS-based bioplastic films showed increased antioxidant features determined by the DPPH bleaching test, TEAC, and ORAC assays. The films keep the antioxidant capacity even after 7 days of UV-accelerated aging. Remarkably, adding 1.5 % EWS boosted the bioplastic UV light resistance, reducing the abatement of molecular masses by more than 60 % without affecting mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Muccilli
- University of Catania – Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Anna E. Maccarronello
- University of Catania – Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Carolle Rasoanandrasana
- Sorbonne Polytech - Bâtiment Esclangon, 4 Place Jussieu, Case Courrier 135, 75252, Paris, Cedex 05, Italy
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- University of Catania – Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Martina S. de Luna
- University of Naples Federico II - Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Industrial Production, DICMaPI, P. le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria G.G. Pittalà
- University of Catania – Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Paolo M. Riccobene
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials CNR, Via P. Gaifami, 18, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Sabrina C. Carroccio
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials CNR, Via P. Gaifami, 18, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Andrea A. Scamporrino
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials CNR, Via P. Gaifami, 18, 95125, Catania, CT, Italy
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Ndoun MC, Knopf A, Preisendanz HE, Vozenilek N, Elliott HA, Mashtare ML, Velegol S, Veith TL, Williams CF. Fixed bed column experiments using cotton gin waste and walnut shells-derived biochar as low-cost solutions to removing pharmaceuticals from aqueous solutions. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138591. [PMID: 37037352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (ACT), sulfapyridine (SPY), ibuprofen (IBP) and docusate (DCT) are pharmaceuticals with widespread usage that experience incomplete removal in wastewater treatment systems. While further removal of these pharmaceuticals from wastewater effluent is desired prior to beneficial reuse, additional treatment technologies are often expensive and energy intensive. This study evaluated the ability of biochar produced from cotton gin waste (CG700) and walnut shells (WS800) to remove four pharmaceuticals (ACT, SPY, IBP, and DCT) from aqueous solution. Physico-chemical properties of the biochars were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and zeta potential. The increased pyrolysis temperature during the production of WS800 led to an increase in the specific surface area and increased dehydration of the biochar represented by the loss of the OH-group. Fixed-bed column experiments were performed to determine the difference in removal efficiency between the biochars and elucidate the effects of biochar properties on the adsorption capacity for the pharmaceuticals of interest. Results showed that CG700 had a greater affinity for removing DCT (99%) and IBP (50%), while WS800 removed 72% of SPY and 68% of ACT after 24 h. Adsorption was influenced by the solution pH, surface area, net charge, and functional groups of the biochars. The mechanisms for removal included pore filling and diffusion, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π-π electron donor acceptor interactions. To conduct predictive modeling of the column breakthrough curves, the Thomas, Adams-Bohart, and Yoon-Nelson models were applied to the experimental data. Results demonstrated that these models generally provided a poor fit for the description of asymmetrical breakthrough curves. Overall, the results demonstrate that biochars from cotton gin waste and walnut shells could be used as cost-effective, environmentally friendly alternatives to activated carbon for the removal of pharmaceuticals from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene C Ndoun
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Allan Knopf
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, 85138, USA
| | - Heather E Preisendanz
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; The Pennsylvania State University, Institute of Sustainable Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Science, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Natasha Vozenilek
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Herschel A Elliott
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Michael L Mashtare
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Stephanie Velegol
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Tamie L Veith
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Clinton F Williams
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, 85138, USA
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Jeníček L, Tunklová B, Malaťák J, Velebil J, Malaťáková J, Neškudla M, Hnilička F. The Impact of Nutshell Biochar on the Environment as an Alternative Fuel or as a Soil Amendment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2074. [PMID: 36903189 PMCID: PMC10004210 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Walnut, pistachio, and peanut nutshells were treated by pyrolysis to biochar and analyzed for their possible usage as fuels or soil fertilizers. All the samples were pyrolyzed to five different temperatures, i.e., 250 °C, 300 °C, 350 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C. Proximate and elemental analyses were carried out for all the samples, as well as calorific value and stoichiometric analysis. For sample usage as a soil amendment, phytotoxicity testing was performed and the content of phenolics, flavonoids, tannin, juglone, and antioxidant activity were determined. To characterize the chemical composition of walnut, pistachio, and peanut shells, lignin, cellulose, holocellulose, hemicellulose, and extractives were determined. As a result, it was found that walnut shells and pistachio shells are best pyrolyzed at the temperature of 300 °C and peanut shells at the temperature of 550 °C for their use as alternative fuels. The highest measured net calorific value was in pistachio shells, which were biochar pyrolyzed at 550 °C, of 31.35 MJ kg-1. On the other hand, walnut biochar pyrolyzed at 550 °C had the highest ash share of 10.12% wt. For their use as soil fertilizers, peanut shells were the most suitable when pyrolyzed at 300 °C, walnut shells at 300 and 350 °C, and pistachio shells at 350 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Jeníček
- Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Tunklová
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malaťák
- Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Velebil
- Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Malaťáková
- Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Neškudla
- Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Hnilička
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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