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Abdulkareem SJ, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Farhoudi-Sefidan-Jadid M, Salmani-Javan E, Toroghi F, Zarghami N. Co-delivery of artemisinin and metformin via PEGylated niosomal nanoparticles: potential anti-cancer effect in treatment of lung cancer cells. Daru 2024; 32:133-144. [PMID: 38168007 PMCID: PMC11087397 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the advances in treatment, lung cancer is a global concern and necessitates the development of new treatments. Biguanides like metformin (MET) and artemisinin (ART) have recently been discovered to have anti-cancer properties. As a consequence, in the current study, the anti-cancer effect of MET and ART co-encapsulated in niosomal nanoparticles on lung cancer cells was examined to establish an innovative therapy technique. METHODS Niosomal nanoparticles (Nio-NPs) were synthesized by thin-film hydration method, and their physicochemical properties were assessed by FTIR. The morphology of Nio-NPs was evaluated with FE-SEM and AFM. The MTT assay was applied to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of free MET, free ART, their encapsulated form with Nio-NPs, as well as their combination, on A549 cells. Apoptosis assay was utilized to detect the biological processes involved with programmed cell death. The arrest of cell cycle in response to drugs was assessed using a cell cycle assay. Following a 48-h drug treatment, the expression level of hTERT, Cyclin D1, BAX, BCL-2, Caspase 3, and 7 genes were assessed using the qRT-PCR method. RESULTS Both MET and ART reduced the survival rate of lung cancer cells in the dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values of pure ART and MET were 195.2 μM and 14.6 mM, respectively while in nano formulated form their IC50 values decreased to 56.7 μM and 78.3 μM, respectively. The combination of MET and ART synergistically decreased the proliferation of lung cancer cells, compared to the single treatments. Importantly, the combination of MET and ART had a higher anti-proliferative impact against A549 lung cancer cells, with lower IC50 values. According to the result of Real-time PCR, hTERT, Cyclin D1, BAX, BCL-2, Caspase 3, and Caspase 7 genes expression were considerably altered in treated with combination of nano formulated MET and ART compared to single therapies. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that the combination of MET and ART encapsulated in Nio-NPs could be useful for the treatment of lung cancer and can increase the efficiency of lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Jaafar Abdulkareem
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farhoudi-Sefidan-Jadid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Salmani-Javan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Toroghi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Yuan Z, Yang X, Hu Z, Gao Y, Wang M, Xie L, Zhu H, Chen C, Lu H, Bai Y. Fraxetin pretreatment alleviates cisplatin-induced kidney injury by antagonizing autophagy and apoptosis via mTORC1 activation. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2077-2093. [PMID: 38558449 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced kidney injury (CKI) is a common complication of chemotherapy. Fraxetin, derived from Fraxinus bungeana A. DC. bark, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. This study aims to investigate fraxetin's effects on CKI and its underlying mechanism in vivo and in vitro. Tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and mice were exposed to cisplatin with and without fraxetin preconditioning assess fraxetin's role in CKI. TECs autophagy was observed using transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis levels in animal tissues were measured using TUNEL staining. The protective mechanism of fraxetin was explored through pharmacological and genetic regulation of mTORC1. Molecular docking was used to identify potential binding sites between fraxetin and mTORC1. The results indicated that fraxetin pretreatment reduced cisplatin-induced kidney injury in a time- and concentration-dependent way. Fraxetin also decreased autophagy in TECs, as observed through electron microscopy. Tissue staining confirmed that fraxetin pretreatment significantly reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of mTORC1 using rapamycin or siRNA reversed the protective effects of fraxetin on apoptosis and autophagy in cisplatin-treated TECs, while activation of mTORC1 enhanced fraxetin's protective effect. Molecular docking analysis revealed that fraxetin can bind to HEAT-repeats binding site on mTORC1 protein. In summary, fraxetin pretreatment alleviates CKI by antagonizing autophagy and apoptosis via mTORC1 activation. This provides evidence for the potential therapeutic application of fraxetin in CKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zujian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengsi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lili Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hengyue Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaosheng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Chronic Nephropathy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Chronic Nephropathy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Lam W, Cai W, Li Y, Xu Z, Yang J. Editorial: Quality control for efficacy and safety of herbal medicinal products. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1162698. [PMID: 37305535 PMCID: PMC10248457 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1162698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - JianBo Yang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Phytotherapy and Drugs: Can Their Interactions Increase Side Effects in Cancer Patients? J Xenobiot 2023; 13:75-89. [PMID: 36810432 PMCID: PMC9945131 DOI: 10.3390/jox13010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of herbs to treat illnesses was common in all historical eras. Our aim was to describe the phytotherapeutic substances that cancer patients use most commonly, and to determine whether their use can increase side effects. METHODS This was a retrospective and descriptive study conducted among older adults actively undergoing chemotherapy, admitted at the Oncology DH Unit (COES) of the Molinette Hospital AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza in Turin (Italy). Data collection was conducted through the distribution of self-compiled and closed-ended questionnaires during chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS A total of 281 patients were enrolled. Evaluating retching and sage consumption was statistically significant in multivariate analysis. The only risk factor for dysgeusia was chamomile consumption. Ginger, pomegranate, and vinegar use were retained as mucositis predictors. CONCLUSIONS Phytotherapeutic use needs more attention in order to decrease the risks of side effects, toxicity, and ineffective treatment. The conscious administration of these substances should be promoted for safe use and to provide the reported benefits.
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Integrating herbal medicine into oncology care delivery: development, implementation, and evaluation of a novel program. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:128. [PMID: 36680628 PMCID: PMC9860233 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of a novel program facilitating patient-provider communication about appropriate use of herbal medicine at a large academic cancer center and its impact on patient wellbeing. METHODS In the Herbal Oncology Program (HOP), integrative medicine providers counseled patients about unmet symptom needs and prescribed traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs when indicated, taking into consideration the clinical context, patient preference, and research evidence. To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes, we performed a retrospective analysis using medical record data (symptoms and other concerns that motivated patients to seek herbal products, types and numbers of dispensed TCM herbs, and demographic characteristics). We also conducted a survey to assess patient experience and satisfaction. RESULTS All 851 participants were outpatients, with 712 (84%) in active treatment. HOP dispensed 1266 herbal prescriptions for a range of symptoms, most commonly GI symptoms (467, 37%); pain (353, 28%); and treatment-related fatigue, sleep, and mood disorders (346, 27%). Of 269 patients invited to the survey, 107 (40%) completed it. A majority of respondents 70.9% (73/103) were satisfied with the effectiveness of dispensed herbs in relieving their symptoms, and few 6.7% (7/104) had experienced mild adverse events that resolved after discontinuing herbal use. CONCLUSIONS The study's findings support the feasibility of integrating herbal medicine into an academic oncology setting. Patient satisfaction with HOP was high, with limited adverse events. The patterns of herbal prescriptions in HOP suggest future areas for clinical research to strengthen the evidence base around safe and effective use.
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Talib WH, Waly M, Elkord E, Al Kury LT. Editorial: Mediterranean diet and cancer: Experimental and epidemiological perspectives. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1064503. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1064503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hou M, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Zhan H, Jia T, Li M, Hu J, Zhao Y. Linalool Impress Colorectal Cancer Deterioration by Mediating AKT/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4801703. [PMID: 35860797 PMCID: PMC9293539 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4801703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the more common causes of cancer death worldwide. Chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of CRC, but it can produce a range of adverse effects that can significantly reduce the quality of life of CRC patients. The selection of drugs that are effective in treating CRC with few adverse effects is now an important task and is aimed at prolonging the survival of patients and improving their prognosis. In this study, CRC cells were treated with linalool using CRC cell lines as the study subjects, and cell viability, apoptosis, and cell migration were observed after treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of linalool on CRC and its ability to inhibit CRC progression by modulating the AKT/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Yakun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Qingmei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Tingting Jia
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
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AL-ataby IA, Talib WH. Daily Consumption of Lemon and Ginger Herbal Infusion Caused Tumor Regression and Activation of the Immune System in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Front Nutr 2022; 9:829101. [PMID: 35495945 PMCID: PMC9043650 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.829101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet includes the consumption of various fruits and vegetables. Lemon and ginger are highly popular in Mediterranean cuisine. The current study aims to evaluate both anticancer and immunomodulatory activities of lemon and ginger combination. The antiproliferative activities of the combination were tested against different cancer cell lines using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The degree of apoptosis induction and vascular endothelial growth factor expression were detected using ELISA. Balb/C mice were inoculated with the EMT6/P breast cancer cells and received combination water extract orally for 14 days. The effect of the water extract on splenocytes proliferation was measured using the mitogen proliferation assay. Macrophage function was evaluated using the nitro blue tetrazolium assay and pinocytosis was assessed using the neutral red method. Gas chromatography coupled to the tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the composition of the combination. The lemon and ginger combination showed significant apoptosis induction and angiogenesis suppression effects. Fifty percent of the mice taking this combination did not develop tumors with a percentage of tumor reduction of 32.8%. This combination showed a potent effect in stimulating pinocytosis. Alpha-pinene and α-terpineol were detected in high percentages in the combination water extract. The lemon and ginger combination represents promising options to develop anticancer infusions for augmenting conventional anticancer therapies. Further testing is required to understand the exact molecular mechanisms of this combination.
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Lv F, Li X, Wang Y. An extraction from Trametes robiniophila Murr. ( Huaier) inhibits non-small cell lung cancer proliferation via targeting to epidermal growth factor receptor. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10931-10943. [PMID: 35470770 PMCID: PMC9162005 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2066757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An extraction from Trametes robiniophila Murr. (Huaier) is a kind of natural fungus growing from the sophora japonica tree. Huaier is widely applied to cure the hepatocellular cancer (HCC). However, the medicinal fungus' curative result on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well elaborated. In this study, we applied in vitro experiments to study Huaier's curative result on NSCLC. The potential Huaier targets were predicted using bioinformatics and validated by western blotting. We further elucidated the mechanism of Huaier targeting by molecular docking, kinase activity assay, CEllular Thermal Shift Assays (CETSAs). At last, in vivo curative result was verified further. Huaier weakened proliferation and promoted apoptosis of the NSCLC cell lines. According to bioinformatics, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) may be the target of Huaier. Western blotting showed that Huaier can attenuate the activation of EGFR and we found that Huaier can dock to EGFR. Huaier significantly inhibited the tumor growth by weakening the expression of p-EGFR in vivo. This study offers a new idea for further understanding of Huaier and shows its potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lv
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Third Department of Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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10
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Shankar A, Saini D, Roy S, Bharati SJ, Mishra S, Singh P. Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the Management of Cancer Cachexia. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2021; 8:539-546. [PMID: 34527783 PMCID: PMC8420927 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is an important concern in cancer patients in view of advanced stage at presentation. The treatment goal for cachexia is the reversal of the loss of body weight and muscle mass with a variety of pharmacological agents. Various treatment guidelines focus on patients with advanced cancer who are likely to suffer from refractory cachexia. There is a paucity of data on research directed to cancer cachexia on cancer patients. Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are widely use at some or other point of time by the majority of cancer patients in spite of little or no evidence to support that. There are many CAM which have been tried in different set up for cancer cachexia. These medicines are well accepted in view of lesser side effects and easy to use. There is a need for more randomized controlled trials with larger sample size with longer follow-up to generate more evidence in support to the use of CAM in cancer and cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shankar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, Delhi, India.,Faculty of Management Studies, Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Saini
- Division of Cancer Control and Prevention, Indian Society of Clinical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Roy
- Ummeed Child Development Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachidanand Jee Bharati
- Department of Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Seema Mishra
- Department of Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Pritanjali Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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11
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Jiang P, Li K, Sun Y, Huang Y. ASIC1a promotes acidic microenvironment-induced HCC cells migration and invasion by inducing autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174252. [PMID: 34116040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of liver cancer with high incidence and metastatic rate. Recent studies have shown that the high metastasis of HCC is closely related to the acidic microenvironment of HCC cells. Acid-sensing ion Channel 1a (ASIC1a) plays an important role in HCC development, which can mediate tumor cell migration and invasion. However, the underlying mechanism of how ASIC1a promotes HCC cell migration and invasion in acidic microenvironments remains unclear, while autophagy may act as a mechanism for tumor cells to adapt to acidic microenvironment. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether ASIC1a mediates autophagy and its effects on the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Interestingly, our study has shown that ASIC1a and autophagy were increased in HepG2 cells in acidic microenvironment, and both of them can promote HCC cells migration and invasion. Moreover, inhibition of ASIC1a with PcTx1 or ASIC1a ShRNA reduced the autophagy flux. Collectively, ASIC1a can promote acidic microenvironment-induced HepG2 cells migration and invasion by inducing autophagy, which may be correlated with Ca2+ influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Yancai Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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12
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Kamal I, Khedr AIM, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Elshaarawy RFM, Saad AS. Chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive potentials of ρ-coumaric acid - Squid chitosan nanogel loaded with Syzygium aromaticum essential oil. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:523-533. [PMID: 34389386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important trends in chemotherapy is the development of green chemotropic drugs with maximal activity and minimal side effects. The nanoencapsulation of phytochemical oils with natural polymers has been documented as a promising approach to producing nanodrugs with sustainable bioactivity and prolonged stability. In this context, Syzygium aromaticum essential oil (SAEO) and ultrasound-assisted deacetylated chitosan (UCS3) were successfully extracted from clove buds and squid pens, respectively. Grafting of UCS3 by ρ-coumaric acid (ρCA) has been performed to fabricate the ρCACS nanogel which was used for nanoencapsulation of SAEO to yield SAEO-loaded nanogel (ρCACS@SAEO). The findings of spectral, thermal, and morphological analyses have confirmed the success of the formation of new materials and SAEO encapsulation, as well. Based on the findings of the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer studies, the nanoencapsulation of SAEO by ρCACS has significantly boosted its chemotherapeutic effects, compared to unencapsulated oil. Therefore, ρCACS@SAEO nanogel could be considered as a multifunctional chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent for prevention or therapy of pathologies induced by oxidative stress, microbial infection, and breast and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Amgad I M Khedr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, 42526 Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, 9004 Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I Elbehairi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, 9004 Abha, Saudi Arabia; Cell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Reda F M Elshaarawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43533 Suez, Egypt; Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ahmed S Saad
- Department of pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, 42526 Port Said, Egypt
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Hoda M. Potential Alternatives to Conventional Cancer Therapeutic Approaches: The Way Forward. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:1141-1148. [PMID: 33069195 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666201016142408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
onventional cancer therapeutic approaches broadly include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. These established approaches have evolved over several decades of clinical experience. For a complex disease like cancer, satisfactory treatment remains an enigma for the simple fact that the causal factors for cancer are extremely diverse. In order to overcome existing therapeutic limitations, consistent scientific endeavors have evolved several potential therapeutic approaches, majority of which focuses essentially on targeted drug delivery, minimal concomitant ramification, and selective high cytotoxicity. The current review focuses on highlighting some of these potential alternatives that are currently in various stages of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. These include physical, chemical and biological entities that are avidly being explored for therapeutic alternatives. Some of these entities include suicide gene, micro RNA, modulatory peptides, ultrasonic waves, free radicals, nanoparticles, phytochemicals, and gene knockout, and stem cells. Each of these techniques may be exploited exclusively and in combination with conventional therapeutic approaches thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment. The review intends to briefly discuss the mechanism of action, pros, and cons of potential alternatives to conventional therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muddasarul Hoda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27-Newtown, Kolkata 700160, India
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Hu S, Chang J, Ruan H, Zhi W, Wang X, Zhao F, Ma X, Sun X, Liang Q, Xu H, Wang Y, Yang Y. Cantharidin inhibits osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis by directly targeting miR-214-3p/DKK3 axis to inactivate β-catenin nuclear translocation and LEF1 translation. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2504-2522. [PMID: 34326690 PMCID: PMC8315017 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.51638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the leading primary bone cancer in adolescents and children, osteosarcoma patients with metastasis show a five-year-survival-rate of 20-30%, without improvement over the past 30 years. Wnt/β-catenin is important in promoting osteosarcoma development. DKK3 is a Wnt/β-catenin antagonist and predicted to have the specific binding site in 3′-UTR with miR-214-3p. Methods: miR-214-3p and DKK3 levels were investigated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cells by RT-qPCR; the prognostic importance of DKK3 level in osteosarcoma patients was determined with Log-rank test; direct binding between DKK3 with miR-214-3p was identified with targetscan; anti-osteosarcoma mechanism of cantharidin was investigated by miR-214-3p silence/over-expression with or without cantharidin treatment, and nuclear/cytoplasmic protein assay in osteosarcoma cells. Results: Down-regulated DKK3 indicated poor prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Up-regulated miR-214-3p promoted proliferation and migration, while suppressed apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by increasing β-catenin nuclear translocation and LEF1 translation via degradation of DKK3. Cantharidin suppressed viabilities, migration and invasion, while promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in 143B and U-2 OS cells via down-regulating miR-214-3p to up-regulate DKK3, thus inhibited p-GSK-3β expression, β-catenin nuclear translocation and LEF1 translation. Meanwhile, cantharidin inhibited tumor growth in xenograft-bearing mice with 143B cell injection in tibia. Conclusion: miR-214-3p mediated Wnt/β-catenin/LEF1 signaling activation by targeting DKK3 to promote oncogenesis of osteosarcoma; cantharidin inhibited proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells via down-regulating miR-214-3p to up-regulate DKK3 and decrease β-catenin nuclear translocation, indicating that cantharidin may be a prospective candidate for osteosarcoma treatment by targeting miR-214-3p/DKK3/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopu Hu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junli Chang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenlan Zhi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fulai Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xingyuan Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
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15
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Anticarcinogenic Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles Containing Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil or Eugenol Toward Breast and Skin Cancer Cell Lines. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-021-00880-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Reaction between harmaline and vanillin to produce dimeric scaffoldsthat exhibit anti-proliferative activity. Tetrahedron Lett 2021; 73:153139. [PMID: 34672489 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicine is used as a complement to modern medicine for the treatment of human diseases suchas cancer, inflammation, and diabetes. Nutraceutical components in foods such as vanillin produceantioxidant and anticancer activities and many of these produce minimal adverse effects in humans.Therefore, strategies that combine both herbal medicine and nutraceutical components could producecompounds that exhibit reduced toxicity. Recently, we developed GZ16.007, which is a combination ofharmaline and curcumin that is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for the treatment of cancer. Incontrast to the utilization of curcumin, we report herein the synthesis of a novel scaffold that utilizes har-maline and vanillin as nutraceutical components to form a newly identified anti-cancer scaffold. It wasdetermined that the inclusion of two molecules of harmaline and a single equivalent of vanillin produceda dimeric product that was active against various human cancer cell lines. The synthesis, evaluation andpreliminary SAR studies for the dimeric scaffold is discussed herein.
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17
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A protein-sulfosalicylic acid/boswellic acids @metal-organic framework nanocomposite as anticancer drug delivery system. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111788. [PMID: 33932885 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The metal-organic frameworks (MOF) have shown fascinating possibilities in biomedical applications, designing a multifunctional drug delivery system based on the MOF is important. In this study, 5-sulfosalicylic acid and boswellic acids (BAs) were loaded to the pH sensitive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocomposite containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the center. The ZIF layer acts as a capsule for the nontoxic storage of 5-sulfosalicylic acid and boswellic acids (BAs) under physiological conditions. The results of the characterization demonstrated the performance of the nanocarrier formation. The pH-sensitive drug release of 5-sulfosalicylic acid was detected due to the innate pH-dependent stability of ZIF-8. An effective pH-sensitive drug delivery system using a 5-sulfosalicylic acid/BSA@ZIF-8, and 5-sulfosalicylic acid/BSA/BAs@ZIF-8, in which the 5-sulfosalicylicacid is not free in physiological pH but it is released at acidic pH (5.0) has been fabricated. The best biocompatibility has been found in 5-sulfosalicylic acid/BSA/BAs@ZIF-8 comparing to the 5-sulfosalicylic acid/BSA, 5-sulfosalicylic acid /BSA/BAs, and 5-sulfosalicylic acid/BSA@ZIF-8. Additionally, 5-sulfosalicylic acid/BSA /BAs@ZIF-8 exhibited higher effectiveness than other compounds against the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, with less toxicity. It is concluded from the results of the current study that the fabricated ZIF-8 based nanocarrier may potentially provide therapeutic effects on breast cancer cells.
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18
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Roghani-Shahraki H, Karimian M, Valipour S, Behjati M, Arefnezhad R, Mousavi A. Herbal therapy as a promising approach for regulation on lipid profiles: A review of molecular aspects. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5533-5546. [PMID: 33469926 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Impaired lipid profile is defined as abnormal plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. This disease state is associated with the development and progression of various disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and acute myocardial infarction. Globally, all of these disorders are related to a significant rate of death. Therefore, finding a suitable approach for the prevention and treatment of lipid profile-related disorders is in the spotlight. Recently, herbal therapy has been considered a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of hyperlipidemia or its related disorders due to its safety and efficacy. Hereby, we address the potential benefits of some of these herbal compounds on different aspects of lipid profile and its abnormalities with a special focus on their underlying mechanisms. Using herbal products, such as teas and mushrooms, or their derivatives, Rosmarinus officinalis Linn, Curcuma longa, Green tea, Lippia triphylla, Lippia citriodora, Plantago asiatica L, Vine tea, and Grifola frondosa have been proved to exert several therapeutic impacts on lipid profile and its related disorders, and we would provide a brief review on them in this literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Karimian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Saboora Valipour
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Behjati
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Mousavi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Iran
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19
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Dai L, Chen L, Wang W, Lin P. Resveratrol inhibits ACHN cells via regulation of histone acetylation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:231-238. [PMID: 32202448 PMCID: PMC7144206 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1738503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Context: The relationship between resveratrol and histone acetylation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not yet been reported.Objective: To explore the functional role of resveratrol in RCC.Materials and methods: Functional experiments were performed to determine proliferatio n of ACHN cells with treatment of resveratrol (0, 7.8125, 15.625, 31.25 and 62.5 μg/mL, for 12, 24 and 48 h of culture) or 0.1 μM SAHA. The enzyme activities of MMP-2/-9 were measured by gelatine zymography and histone acetylation by Western blot.Results: When the cells were treated with 15.625, 31.25 and 62.5 μg/mL resveratrol, ACHN cells viability was 73.2 ± 3.5%, 61.4 ± 3.1%, 50.2 ± 4.7% for 12 h, 62.7 ± 4.5%, 52.4 ± 5.5%, 40.2 ± 3.8% for 24 h, and 60.8 ± 3.7%, 39.4 ± 5.1%, 37.6 ± 2.7% for 48 h, and the wound closure (%) of migration was increased from 0.6 to 0.7, 0.85, 0.9 for 12 h and from 0.23 to 0.3, 0.48, 0.59 for 24 h. The invasion rate was 8.5 ± 0.9%, 7.4 ± 0.3% and 5.8 ± 0.6%, and cell cycle was arrested at G1 from 42.5 ± 2.9% to 55.3 ± 5.7%, 59.8 ± 3.4%, 68.7 ± 4.6%. MMP-2/-9 expression (p < 0.05) was inhibited by resveratrol. The protein levels of histone acetylation (p < 0.01) was increased by resveratrol.Discussion and conclusions: Our results suggest that these effects might be related to a high level of histone acetylation, and resveratrol can be considered as an alternative treatment for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Dai
- Department of Science and Education, Jiujiang University Clinical Medical College, Jiujiang, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- TCM Basic Clinical Research Office, Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Peizheng Lin
- Department of Encephalopathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Zhao Y, Cheng X, Wang G, Liao Y, Qing C. Linalool inhibits 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:289. [PMID: 33029205 PMCID: PMC7530887 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Linalool is an unsaturated terpene that can be found in several plants and exhibits various biological activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer activity of linalool using the human prostate cancer 22Rv1 cell line. Flow cytometry was employed to study the effects of linalool on the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle progression, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release, whereas the effects of linalool on apoptosis-associated proteins were investigated by western blot analysis. An efficacy study was conducted using 22Rv1 tumor-bearing mice. The expression of the cell proliferation markers Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in xenograft tumors was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to study the induction of apoptosis in an in vivo model. Linalool exerted an inhibitory effect on 22Rv1 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Western blot analysis indicated that both the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic and death-receptor-mediated extrinsic pathways were involved in the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, linalool significantly reduced the expression of Ki-67 and PCNA in the 22Rv1 ×enograft model. The findings of the present study provide evidence supporting the anti-proliferative effects of linalool on 22Rv1 human prostate cancer cells, and suggest that linalool may be an effective agent for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325060, P.R. China
| | - Xianliang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Chen Qing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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21
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Lee D, Yu JS, Huang P, Qader M, Manavalan A, Wu X, Kim JC, Pang C, Cao S, Kang KS, Kim KH. Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Hawaiian Noni ( Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Juice. Molecules 2020; 25:E4968. [PMID: 33121016 PMCID: PMC7662328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice has been used in Polynesia as a traditional folk medicine and is very popular worldwide as a functional food supplement. In this study, compounds present in Hawaiian Noni fruit juice, with anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were identified. Five compounds were isolated using a bioassay-driven technique and phytochemical analysis of noni fruit juice: asperulosidic acid (1), rutin (2), nonioside A (3), (2E,4E,7Z)-deca-2,4,7-trienoate-2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), and tricetin (5). The structures of these five compounds were determined via NMR spectroscopy and LC/MS. In an anti-inflammatory assay, compounds 1-5 inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), which is a proinflammatory mediator, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of compounds 1-5 were investigated. Parallel to the inhibition of NO production, treatment with compounds 1-5 downregulated the expression of IKKα/β, I-κBα, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with compounds 1-5 downregulated the expression of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Thus, these data demonstrated that compounds 1-5 present in noni fruit juice, exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity; these active compounds may contribute preventively and therapeutically against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Peng Huang
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (P.H.); (M.Q.); (A.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Mallique Qader
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (P.H.); (M.Q.); (A.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Arulmani Manavalan
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (P.H.); (M.Q.); (A.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (P.H.); (M.Q.); (A.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Korea;
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (P.H.); (M.Q.); (A.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
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22
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Song L, Luo Y, Li S, Hong M, Wang Q, Chi X, Yang C. ISL Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Downregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in vivo and in vitro. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4363-4376. [PMID: 33116421 PMCID: PMC7585813 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s270124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid from Glycyrrhiza glabra, has previously been reported to have anti-tumor effects in vivo and in vitro. However, the mechanisms whereby ISL exerts its anticancer effects remain poorly understood in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Purpose In the present study, we investigated the anticancer efficacy and associated mechanisms of ISL in HCC MHCC97-H and SMMC7721 cells. Results We found that ISL inhibited cell viability and proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in liver cancer lines. Furthermore, ISL could activate autophagy in HCC cells, and the autophagy inhibitor HCQ enhances ISL-induced apoptosis in HCC cells. Additionally, ISL induced apoptosis and autophagy through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Most importantly, in a xenograft tumor model in nude mice, data showed that the administration of ISL decreased tumor growth and concurrently promoted the expression of LC3-II and cleaved-caspase-3. Interestingly, we found that ISL inhibits mTOR by docking onto the ATP-binding pocket of mTOR (ie, it competes with ATP). We thus suggest that mTOR is a potential target for ISL inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma development, which could be of interest for future investigations. Conclusion Taken together, the results reveal that ISL effectively inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCC through autophagy induction in vivo and in vitro, probably via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. ISL may be a potential therapeutic agent for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, People's Republic of China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoling Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Hong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Chi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, People's Republic of China
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23
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Kalluru H, Kondaveeti SS, Telapolu S, Kalachaveedu M. Turmeric supplementation improves the quality of life and hematological parameters in breast cancer patients on paclitaxel chemotherapy: A case series. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 41:101247. [PMID: 33099272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and purpose: Phytochemicals are proven to be effective in targeting numerous signaling pathways in cancer. Utilizing plant-based support in combination with currently approved chemotherapeutic strategies might prove a feasible method to improve therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients. The present study aimed to estimate the effect of turmeric supplementation on quality of life (QoL) and hematological parameters in breast cancer patients on Paclitaxel chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study is a prospective consecutive case series with 60 participants. QoL was assessed using a standard questionnaire and hematological parameters were recorded from the patients' hospital records. RESULTS Turmeric supplementation for 21 days resulted in clinically relevant and statistically significant improvement in global health status, symptom scores (fatigue, nausea, vomiting, pain, appetite loss, insomnia), and hematological parameters. CONCLUSION The study findings show that turmeric supplementation improved QoL, brought about symptom palliation and increased hematological parameters in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hindu Kalluru
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Healthcare Private Limited, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satish S Kondaveeti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srivani Telapolu
- Process Development, HCL Technologies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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24
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Analysis and Anticancer Effects of Active Compounds from Spatholobi Caulis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in both developing and developed countries. In this study, we simultaneously analyzed nine constituent compounds from Spatholobi Caulis (gallic acid, (−)-gallocatechin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, procyanidin B1, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, catechin, procyanidin B2, epicatechin, and (−)-epicatechin gallate) and examined their anticancer effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The experimental results indicated that the gallic acid showed the strongest cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells among tested compounds whilst most of samples did not express inhibitory effect on viability of MDA-MB-231 cells, except for 70% ethanol extract of S. Caulis. Thus, gallic acid was chosen to extend anticancer mechanism study on MCF-7 cells. Our data showed that the gallic acid induced apoptotic MCF-7 cell death through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which increased the expression of cleaved caspase-7, -8, and -9, Bax and p53, but reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, the network pharmacological analysis pointed out that the p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), estrogen, and Wnt signaling pathways have a great correlation with the targets of gallic acid. This study suggested that gallic acid is a bioactive component of S. Caulis with potential to be used in chemotherapy for breast cancer.
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25
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Kilcar AY, Yildiz O, Dogan T, Sulu E, Takan G, Muftuler FZ. The Effect of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) Extract on the Uptake of 99mTc Labeled Paclitaxel: In Vitro Monitoring in Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1497-1503. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200424124746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Bitter Melon Extract (BME) is widely used for the treatment of various diseases
worldwide due to its rich phytochemical and antioxidant content. The well-known anti-cancer drug Paclitaxel
(PAC) plays a major role in the treatment of various cancer types such as ovarian, breast, and lung cancer.
Technetium-99m (99mTc) radiolabeled paclitaxel is emerging as an imaging probe for breast cancer in vivo. 99mTc
labeled compounds have been attracting more scientific attention since the achievement of earlier researches in
Nuclear Medicine. People consume several types of diets of plant origin without knowing the interaction with
radiolabeled compounds or radiopharmaceuticals.
Objectives:
In the current study, we aimed to monitor the potential effects of the BME on the uptake of 99mTc
labeled Paclitaxel (99mTc-PAC) against MCF-7 (ER+) and MDA-MB-231 (ER-) cell lines by using in vitro
methods.
Methods:
BME was obtained by the extraction of BM seeds by 80% ethanol. PAC was labeled with 99mTc by
stannous chloride (SnCl2) as a reducing agent. Cytotoxicity and incorporation assays were performed on MCF-7
and MDA-MB-231 cells within the cell culture studies.
Results:
The uptake value of 99mTc-PAC on MCF-7 cells at 240 minutes was 6.20% and BME treated 99mTc-
PAC value was 17.39%.
Conclusion:
It is observed that BME treatment has a significant effect on the uptake of 99mTc-PAC on MCF-7
cells which is a known estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinoma cell line. It is concluded that this effect could
be due to the estrogen receptor-dependent interaction of BME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Y. Kilcar
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Onur Yildiz
- Chemistry Depertmant, Science Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tansu Dogan
- Chemistry Depertmant, Science Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Sulu
- Chemistry Depertmant, Science Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Takan
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fazilet Z.B. Muftuler
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Synthesis of paramagnetic ligands that target the C-terminal binding site of Hsp90. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127303. [PMID: 32631523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Identification of a ligand binding site represents the starting point for a structure-based drug development program. Lack of a binding site hampers the development of improved ligands that modulate the protein of interest. In this letter, we describe the development of chemical tools that will allow for elucidation of the Hsp90 C-terminal ligand binding site. Our strategy is based on the preparation of paramagnetic analogs of KU-596, an investigational new drug that is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of neuropathy and interacts with the Hsp90 C-terminal domain. In particular, we report the design and synthesis of three novel paramagnetic analogs of KU-596, which will be used to obtain long range distances for NMR structural studies of Hsp90 in complex with C-terminal ligands.
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Cruceriu D, Diaconeasa Z, Socaci S, Socaciu C, Balacescu O, Rakosy-Tican E. Extracts of the Wild Potato Species Solanum chacoense on Breast Cancer Cells: Biochemical Characterization, In Vitro Selective Cytotoxicity and Molecular Effects. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:630-641. [PMID: 32372670 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1761407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Solanum chacoense (wild potato) is intensively used in breeding, its biochemical profile and putative human health-related traits being transferred into potato cultivars aimed for consumption. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biochemical profile and the anti-tumor potential of methanolic extracts obtained from S. chacoense leaves and tubers against three breast cancer cell lines in comparison to healthy endothelial cells (HUVEC). The biochemical profile of the extracts was determined by HPLC-PDA/-ESI+-MS and ITEX/GC-MS, the selective cytotoxicity by MTT assay whereas RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the expression of proliferation- and apoptosis-related genes. Both extracts proved to be rich in phenolic acids and volatile compounds, the leaf extract also containing glycoalkaloids. Both extracts proved to be cytotoxic for breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 values varying between 132.9 and 390.7 µg/ml. Both extracts had selective cytotoxicity against MCF7 cell line in comparison to HUVECs (selectivity coefficients >2.3). The treatment with the extracts induced overexpression of the pro-apoptotic gene BAX¸ down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 and the pro-proliferation genes NFkB, CCND1, and STAT3. Thus S. chacoense extracts proved to be rich in compounds with anticancer proprieties and are capable of inducing selective cytotoxicity on MCF7 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cruceriu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,11th Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Rakosy-Tican
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Lu S, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhang J, Ci Y, Han M. Ginsenoside Rb1 can ameliorate the key inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in a cancer cachexia mouse model. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:11. [PMID: 32020864 PMCID: PMC7076885 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cachexia is a severe condition that leads to the death of advanced cancer patients, and approximately 50~80% of cancer patients have cancer cachexia. Ginseng extract has been reported to have substantial anticancer and immune-enhancing effects; however, no study has reported the use of ginseng alone to treat cancer cachexia. Our study’s purpose was to investigate the therapeutic effects of ginseng-related monomers or mixtures on a cancer cachexia mouse model. Methods We selected BALB/c mice and injected the mice subcutaneously with C26 colon cancer cells to construct a cancer cachexia experimental animal model. The water extract of ginseng (WEG), two types of ginseng extracts (ginsenosides at doses of 5 mg/kg (GE5) and 50 mg/kg (GE50)) and ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) were used to treat cancer cachexia mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to analyze the inhibitory effects on two key inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results Our experimental results show that GE5, GE50 and Rb1 significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α (P < 0.01) and IL-6 (P < 0.01), which are closely related to cancer cachexia; however, WEG, GE5, GE50 and Rb1 did not significantly improve the gastrocnemius muscle weight or the epididymal fat weight of mice with cancer cachexia. Conclusions These results indicate that GE5, GE50 and Rb1 may be useful for reducing symptoms due to inflammation by reducing the TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine levels in cancer cachexia mice, thereby ameliorating the symptoms of cancer cachexia. Our results may be beneficial for future studies on the use of Chinese herbal medicines to treat cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian district, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian district, Beijing, China
| | - Huajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian district, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian district, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqian Ci
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian district, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian district, Beijing, China.
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29
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Quick, Single-Frequency Dielectric Characterization of Blood Samples of Pediatric Cancer Patients by a Cylindrical Capacitor: Pilot Study. ELECTRONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics9010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, as an application in biometrics, the electrical capacitance of normal and cancerous blood samples is experimentally determined in order to test the null hypothesis that the electrical capacitance of the two samples differs. The samples taken from healthy donors and patients diagnosed with different types of hematologic cancer are examined by a cylindrical capacitor with blood as its dielectric. The capacitance of these samples is measured at room temperature and a single frequency of 120 Hz, well below the frequency where β -dispersion starts, using a simple LCR meter device. The measurements indicate that the capacitance of the blood increases under applied electric field for a short period of time and asymptotically reaches its steady-state value. The measured values for the healthy group agreed with previous data in the literature. By the use of the unpaired two-tailed T-test, it is found that cancerous blood has higher values of capacitance when compared to normal samples ( p < 0.05 ). The reasons that might lead to such alterations are discussed from a biological perspective. Moreover, based on correlation calculations, a strong negative association is observed between blood capacitance and red blood cell (RBC) count in each group. Furthermore, sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) analysis demonstrates that for a threshold value between 15 and 17 for the capacitance value, both SE and SP are 100%. These preliminary findings on capacitance values may pave the way for the development of inexpensive and easy-to-use diagnosis tools for hematologic cancers at medical facilities and for in-home use, especially for children.
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Esposito S, Bianco A, Russo R, Di Maro A, Isernia C, Pedone PV. Therapeutic Perspectives of Molecules from Urtica dioica Extracts for Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152753. [PMID: 31362429 PMCID: PMC6695697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A large range of chronic and degenerative diseases can be prevented through the use of food products and food bioactives. This study reports the health benefits and biological activities of the Urtica dioica (U. dioica) edible plant, with particular focus on its cancer chemopreventive potential. Numerous studies have attempted to investigate the most efficient anti-cancer therapy with few side effects and high toxicity on cancer cells to overcome the chemoresistance of cancer cells and the adverse effects of current therapies. In this regard, natural products from edible plants have been assessed as sources of anti-cancer agents. In this article, we review current knowledge from studies that have examined the cytotoxic, anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects of U. dioica plant on several human cancers. Special attention has been dedicated to the treatment of breast cancer, the most prevalent cancer among women and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of U. dioica have been demonstrated on different human cancers, investigating the properties of U. dioica at cellular and molecular levels. The potent cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activity of the U. dioica extracts are due to its bioactive natural products content, including polyphenols which reportedly possess anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic and anti-proliferative properties. The efficacy of this edible plant to prevent or mitigate human cancers has been demonstrated in laboratory conditions as well as in experimental animal models, paving the way to the development of nutraceuticals for new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Esposito
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Bianco
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Carla Isernia
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Paolo Vincenzo Pedone
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
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Complementary medicine use during cancer treatment and potential herb-drug interactions from a cross-sectional study in an academic centre. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5078. [PMID: 30911084 PMCID: PMC6434040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complementary medicine (CM) is used by one third to one half of cancer patients throughout the world. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of CM use and the potential for interactions with cancer treatments in an academic oncology centre. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing current cancer treatment. Among 132 included patients, 56% had used CM since their cancer diagnosis and 45% were using CM during cancer treatment at the time of the survey. The main CM used were green tea (35%), herbal tea (35%), homeopathy (27%), dietary supplements (27%), and herbal medicines (27%). A small majority of patients (58%) spontaneously mentioned the use of CM to their oncologist. Of 42 identified combinations of concomitant use of biologically based CM and anticancer agents among the study patients, the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions of clinical relevance was not expected in 17 combinations (40%), hypothetical and deemed unlikely in 23 (55%), and of probable low clinical relevance in 2 (5%). Considering the high prevalence of CM use, active enquiries should be made by healthcare professionals to detect symptoms that may relate to CM tolerance and effects or that suggest interactions between CM and cancer treatments.
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32
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Park BS, Choi NE, Lee JH, Kang HM, Yu SB, Kim HJ, Kang HK, Kim IR. Crosstalk between Fisetin-induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:138-146. [PMID: 30662534 PMCID: PMC6329852 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fisetin (3,3-,4-,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a 5-year survival rate lower than that of most other carcinomas, and can create functional and aesthetic problems for the patient. New therapies for OSCC are necessary, and treatment using plant-derived natural substances has recently become a trend. It has been suggested that autophagy may play an important role in cancer therapy. Several studies demonstrated that autophagy inhibition enhances apoptotic cell death. Therefore, autophagy inhibition might be a promising therapeutic method against OSCC. Our results showed that fisetin induced apoptotic cell death in human tongue squamous cell line Ca9-22 could be enhanced by inhibition of autophagy. Thus, autophagy process in fisetin treated OSCC might presumed to play a role of pro-survival. The combination of fisetin and an effective autophagy inhibitor could be a potentially adjuvant and useful treatment for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Soo Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.,Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
| | - Nak-Eun Choi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.,Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
| | - Hae-Mi Kang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
| | - Su-Bin Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongeui University, Gaya 1-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47230, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Kang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, 140 Baekyang-daero 700 beon-gil, Busan 46958, South Korea
| | - In-Ryoung Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.,Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea
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Lu MC, Li TY, Hsieh YC, Hsieh PC, Chu YL. Chemical evaluation and cytotoxic mechanism investigation of Clinacanthus nutans extract in lymphoma SUP-T1 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1229-1236. [PMID: 30188005 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Clinacanthus nutans has been used as herbal medicine with antidiabetic, blood pressure lowering, and diuretic properties in Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia. The in vitro cellular study showed the chloroform extract possessed significant cytotoxicity against leukemia K562 and lymphoma Raji cells. The clinical study reported that administration of plant could treat or prevent relapse in 12 cancer patients. However, detailed mechanism of the anticancer effects and chemical profiles are not thoroughly studied. The chemical study did show that the acetone extract (MHA) exerted the highest antiproliferative effect on human leukemia MOLT-4 cells and lymphoma SUP-T1 cells in dose-dependent cytotoxicity. We found that the use of MHA increased apoptosis by 4.28%-43.65% and caused disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by 11.79%-26.93%, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 19.54% and increased calcium ion by 233.83%, as demonstrated by annexin-V/PI, JC-1, H2 DCFDA, and Flou-3 staining assays, respectively. MHA-induced ER stress was confirmed by increase expression of CHOP and IRE-1α with western blotting assay. In conclusion, we identified good bioactivity in Clinacanthus nutans and recognize its potential effect on cancer therapy, but further research is needed to determine the use of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chin Lu
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Hsieh
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chuan Hsieh
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Lin Chu
- International Master's Degree Program in Food Science, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Cruceriu D, Balacescu O, Rakosy E. Calendula officinalis: Potential Roles in Cancer Treatment and Palliative Care. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1068-1078. [PMID: 30289008 PMCID: PMC6247547 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418803766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A continuous challenge in cancer management is to improve treatment efficacy and
to diminish its side effects. Consequently, new conventional and unconventional
drugs and bioactive compounds from plants are constantly developed,
characterized, and used for in vitro and in vivo models. This review focuses on
the antitumor properties of Calendula officinalis, its
biological and molecular effects in tumor cells and animal models, as well as
its role in cancer palliative care. A systematic review of studies describing
the cytotoxic role of C officinalis and its therapeutic role on
cancer cells were carried out using the PubMed database. Albeit C
officinalis extracts have cytotoxic activity toward different
cancer cell lines, a high grade of variation between studies was observed,
depending on plant organ subjected to extraction, extraction method, and the
cancer cell lines used for each study. Nevertheless, its cytotoxic activity is
related to a few bioactive compounds, presenting multiple roles in both
activation of proapoptotic proteins and decreasing the expression of the
proteins that inhibit cell death. Moreover, due to its anti-genotoxic/protective
as well as antitumor and antimetastatic effects proven in animal models,
C officinalis could have important future implications in
developing novel cancer treatment strategies, while until now it has been used
especially for diminishing the side effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cruceriu
- 1 The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta," Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,2 "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- 1 The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta," Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,3 University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu," Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Rakosy
- 2 "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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35
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Plants Used as Anticancer Agents in the Ethiopian Traditional Medical Practices: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:6274021. [PMID: 30402131 PMCID: PMC6192134 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6274021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background This systematic review aimed at examining the use patterns of Ethiopian anticancer traditional medicinal plants (MPs) in view of recommending further validation studies. Methods The information was retrieved from PubMed according to the PRISMA guideline. The electronic library of Addis Ababa University and relevant church-based religious books were also inspected for additional data. Results From 34 studies meeting specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, 119 anticancer MP species distributed in 98 genera and 57 families were recorded. Fabaceae (10.92 %) and Euphorbiaceae (10.08 %) were the most widely used families. Plumbago zeylanica (Plumbaginaceae) was the most frequently used anticancer MP species. Shrubs (42.02 %) and herbs (35.29 %) were dominant growth forms. About 89.08 % of the MPs were collected from wild habitats. Leaves (33.73 %) and roots (27.11 %) were the most frequently harvested parts. The most favored routes were dermal (33.33 %) and oral (29.25 %). About 87.07 % preparations were made from fresh plant materials. Breast cancer and skin cancer were treated with 14 % and 10.76 % of anticancer MPs, respectively. Conclusion The review showed that anticancer MPs are widely used across the regions of Ethiopia. Most of the MPs are not scientifically experimented and yet are at a higher vulnerability to loss mainly by human activities. Calling for conservation measures, we recommend experimental validation of the frequently used anticancer MPs. This augments global anticancer drug researches.
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Ma S, Lei Y, Zhang L, Wang J. Effects of zerumbone on proliferation and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells and on P53 and Bcl-2 expression levels. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4379-4383. [PMID: 30197671 PMCID: PMC6126338 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of zerumbone on the proliferation and apoptosis of esophagus cancer cells and on the P53 and Bcl-2 expression levels were studied. The esophagus cancer EC-109 cells were cultured and inoculated. The effect of zerumbone on proliferation of EC-109 cells was detected via the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method. Cell apoptosis was detected via TdT-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of P53 and Bcl-2 were detected via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the protein expression levels of P53 and Bcl-2 were evaluated via western blotting. CCK-8 detection results showed that compared with control group, zerumbone in different concentrations could inhibit the activity of EC-109, and the proliferation inhibition rate was significantly increased in a concentration-dependent manner with the increase of concentration. TUNEL staining showed that cell apoptosis gradually occurred in administration group, and the number of apoptotic cells was increased in a concentration-dependent manner with the increase of concentration. RT-PCR detection results showed that the mRNA expression level of P53 in administration group was significantly increased compared with that in control group, but that of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased. Western blotting showed that the protein expression level of Bcl-2 in administration group in different concentrations was significantly increased with the increase of zerumbone concentration, but that of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Zerumbone can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of esophageal cancer EC-109 cells, and its induction of apoptosis may be realized through upregulating the mRNA expression of P53 and downregulating the mRNA expression of Bcl-2, and upregulating the protein expression of P53 and downregulating the protein expression of Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Yali Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
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Dai H, Deng HB, Wang YH, Guo JJ. Resveratrol inhibits the growth of gastric cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1579-1583. [PMID: 30008840 PMCID: PMC6036503 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the growth of gastric cancer cells through downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were studied. First we determined the effective concentration of resveratrol on the growth and proliferation of MGC-803 gastric cancer cells. Methylthiazolyl tetrazolium assay showed that resveratrol significantly inhibited the proliferation of MGC-803 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Resveratrol induced apoptotic morphological changes in MGC-803 cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis showed that resveratrol downregulated the expression of three important components of the Wnt signaling pathway, β-catenin, c-myc, and cyclin D1, at the mRNA and protein levels. Overall, resveratrol inhibits the growth of MGC-803 cells by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway. This study provides a new idea and direction for the antitumor mechanism of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dai
- Department of Tumor and Blood Disease, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hou-Bo Deng
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Disease, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Hong Wang
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Disease, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Juan Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Li T, Zhang L, Huo X. Inhibitory effects of aesculetin on the proliferation of colon cancer cells by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7118-7122. [PMID: 29725434 PMCID: PMC5920234 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of aesculetin on the growth of colon cancer cell line SW480 through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was studied. The appropriate concentration of aesculetin was selected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and the effect of aesculetin on the proliferation of SW480 cells was investigated by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. The expression level of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in β-catenin and Wnt signaling pathway target genes, c-Myc and cyclin D1, was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression levels of β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 proteins were detected by western blotting. CCK-8 detection results showed that compared with the control group, aesculetin effectively inhibited the proliferation of SW480 cells. BrdU detection results indicated that the number of BrdU positive cells in all the groups treated with drugs was significantly decreased. The of RT-PCR results suggested that aesculetin reduced the expression level of β-catenin mRNA and inhibited the expression of mRNA in the Wnt signaling pathway target genes, c-Myc and cyclin D1. Western blotting detection results revealed that aesculetin downregulated the expression level of β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 proteins. Aesculetin can inhibit tumor growth by suppressing the Wnt signaling pathway. This study provides a new idea and direction for the antitumor mechanism of aesculetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Oncology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Proctology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Xinkai Huo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer has a high prevalence among women worldwide. Tumor invasion and metastasis still remains an open issue that causes most of the therapeutic failures and remains the prime cause of patient mortality. Hence, there is an unmet need to develop the most effective therapeutic approach with the lowest side effects and highest cytotoxicity that will effectively arrest or eradicate metastasis. METHODS An MTT assay and scratch test were used to assess the cytotoxicity and migration effects of Urtica dioica on the breast cancer cells. The QRT-PCR was used to study the expression levels of miR-21, MMP1, MMP9, MMP13, CXCR4, vimentin, and E-cadherin. RESULTS The results of gene expression in tumoral groups confirmed the overexpression of miR-21, MMP1, MMP9, MMP13, vimentin, and CXCR4, and the lower expression of E-cadherin compared to control groups (P<0.05). Moreover, the results of the MTT assay show that Urtica dioica significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, findings from the scratch assay exhibited the inhibitory effects of Urtica dioica on the migration of breast cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION Urtica dioica extract could inhibit cancer cell migration by regulating miR-21, MMP1, MMP9, MMP13, vimentin, CXCR4, and E-Cadherin. Moreover, our findings demonstrated that the extract could decrease miR-21 expression, which substantially lessens the overexpressed MMP1, MMP9, MMP13, vimentin, and CXCR4 and increases E-cadherin in the tumoral group.
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He K, Duan G, Li Y. Dehydroeffusol inhibits viability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the Hedgehog and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in neuroblastoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 829:93-101. [PMID: 29665365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most predominant extracranial solid tumor of infancy in the world. However, current chemotherapy has limited efficacy for more advanced stages of NB due to acquired chemoresistance or acute toxicity in NB patients. Therefore, effective novel anti-NB drugs are desperately needed. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dehydroeffusol (DHE), a phenanthrene isolated from J. effuses, on NB cells and its underlying mechanism. The results showed that DHE treatment effectively inhibited NB cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, DHE treatment suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in NB cells by promoting the expression of E-cadherin (E-cad) and restraining the expressions of N-cadherin (N-cad) and vimentin. Also, the invasive capacity and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in NB cells were inhibited by DHE. Furthermore, DHE suppressed the hedgehog (Hh) and the protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in NB cells. In conclusion, DHE effectively inhibited the viability and EMT through inactivating the Hh and the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in NB cells, providing a novel evidence that DHE may be a potential anti-NB drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China.
| | - Guoqing Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
| | - Yanyang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
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Hansra DM, McIntyre K, Ramdial J, Sacks S, Patrick CS, Cutler J, McIntyre B, Feister K, Miller M, Taylor AK, Farooq F, de Mayolo JA, Ahn E. Evaluation of How Integrative Oncology Services Are Valued between Hematology/Oncology Patients and Hematologists/Oncologists at a Tertiary Care Center. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:8081018. [PMID: 29849727 PMCID: PMC5925032 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8081018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Evidence regarding opinions on integrative modalities by patients and physicians is lacking. Methods. A survey study was conducted assessing how integrative modalities were valued among hematology/oncology patients and hematologists and oncologists at a major tertiary medical center. Results. 1008 patients and 55 physicians were surveyed. With the exception of support groups, patients valued nutrition services, exercise therapy, spiritual/religious counseling, supplement/herbal advice, support groups, music therapy, and other complimentary medicine services significantly more than physicians (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. With the exception of support groups, patients value integrative modalities more than physicians. Perhaps with increasing education, awareness, and acceptance by providers and traditional institutions, integrative modalities could be equally valued between patients and providers. It is possible that increased availability and utilization of integrative oncology modalities at tertiary hospital sites could improve patient satisfaction, quality of life, and other clinical endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. M. Hansra
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - K. McIntyre
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J. Ramdial
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - S. Sacks
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C. S. Patrick
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J. Cutler
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - B. McIntyre
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - K. Feister
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M. Miller
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A. K. Taylor
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - F. Farooq
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - E. Ahn
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Wang X, Fang G, Pang Y. Chinese Medicines in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: From Formulas to Extracts and Compounds. Nutrients 2018; 10:E283. [PMID: 29495626 PMCID: PMC5872701 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to fully understand the progresses and achievements in Chinese medicines for the treatment of prostate cancer, we summarize all the available reports on formulas, extracts, and compounds of Chinese medicines against prostate cancer. A number of clinical trials verified that traditional Chinese formulas had some unique advantages in the treatment of prostate cancer. Many Chinese medicine extracts could protect against prostate cancer, and many compounds isolated from Chinese traditional medicines showed a clear anti-prostate cancer effect. However, Chinese medicines are facing many problems regarding their multicomponent nature, complicated mechanisms of action, and high doses required for therapy. Herein, we review the functions of Chinese medicines in prostate cancer and focus on their mechanisms. The review will deepen the understanding of Chinese medicines potential in the anti-prostate cancer field. In addition, we put forward a question concerning the current research on Chinese medicines: in order to better illustrate that Chinese medicines can be used in the clinical treatment of prostate cancer, should our research focus on formulas, extracts, or compounds?
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Gang Fang
- Laboratory of Zhuang Medicine Prescriptions Basis and Application Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiudong Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Yuzhou Pang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning 530200, China.
- Laboratory of Zhuang Medicine Prescriptions Basis and Application Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiudong Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530001, China.
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Wang R, Lu Y, Li H, Sun L, Yang N, Zhao M, Zhang M, Shi Q. Antitumor activity of the Ailanthus altissima bark phytochemical ailanthone against breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6022-6028. [PMID: 29552229 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ailanthone is isolated from the bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae). The mechanism that underlies the activity of ailanthone on MCF-7 cells was investigated by MTT assay. Breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 µg/ml ailanthone for 24, 48 and 72 h. The inhibition of proliferation induced by treatment with ailanthone was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution in MCF-7 cells with the same doses of ailanthone for 48 h were determined by flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosis-associated genes and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. The results revealed that ailanthone inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation. Flow cytometry assay demonstrated that ailanthone induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells. Western blotting and RT-PCR assays demonstrated that upregulation of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and Bcl-associated X, and downregulation of anti-apoptotic apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma-2 in MCF-7 cells may be associated with the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate the antitumor activity of ailanthone from A. altissima on MCF-7 cells and to attempt to elucidate the underlying mechanism. The present study revealed the presence of ailanthone-mediated antitumor effects, indicating that ailanthone may be a novel phytomedicine with potential use in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxing Wang
- Department of Medicinal Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Lu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhen Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Manli Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Qingwen Shi
- Department of Medicinal Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
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Clarke TC. The Use of Complementary Health Approaches Among U.S. Adults with a Recent Cancer Diagnosis. J Altern Complement Med 2018; 24:139-145. [PMID: 28930475 PMCID: PMC5820530 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The object of this study was to explore the use of complementary health approaches among U.S. adults with a cancer diagnosis in the past 5 years and distinguish use for general wellness from use specifically for treatment. METHODS Using data from the 2002, 2007, and 2012 National Health Interview Survey, the study included 1359 persons with a cancer diagnosis of selected cancers in the past 5 years. Participants were asked about their use of complementary health approaches for general reasons and cancer treatment in the past 12 months. Responses were aggregated into the use of any complementary approach as well as examined by mode of practice. RESULTS Overall, 35.3% of persons with a cancer diagnosis used complementary health approaches in the past 12 months. These persons were more likely to have used a biologically based approach (22.8%) compared with other approaches. Persons with breast cancer were significantly more likely to use any complementary health approach (43.6%) compared with those with other recently diagnosed cancers. Few persons with a cancer history (2.3%) used complementary approaches specifically for cancer treatment. However, prevalence of use for treatment varied by cancer type (0.4%-6.8%). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights differences in the use of various types of complementary health approaches for different reasons among persons with recent diagnoses of some of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainya C Clarke
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics , Hyattsville, MD
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45
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Abu-Darwish MS, Efferth T. Medicinal Plants from Near East for Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:56. [PMID: 29445343 PMCID: PMC5797783 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the major problems affecting public health worldwide. As other cultures, the populations of the Near East rely on medicinal herbs and their preparations to fight cancer. Methods: We compiled data derived from historical ethnopharmacological information as well as in vitro and in vivo results and clinical findings extracted from different literature databases including (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) during the past two decades. Results: In this survey, we analyzed the huge amount of data available on anticancer ethnopharmacological sources used in the Near East. Medicinal herbs are the most dominant ethnopharmacological formula used among cancer's patients in the Near East. The data obtained highlight for the first time the most commonly used medicinal plants in the Near East area for cancer treatment illustrating their importance as natural anticancer agents. The literature survey reveals that various Arum species, various Artemisia species, Calotropis procera, Citrullus colocynthis, Nigella sativa, Pulicaria crispa, various Urtica species, Withania somnifera, and others belong to the most frequently used plants among cancer patients in the Near East countries. Molecular modes of action that have been investigated for plant extracts and isolated compounds from Near East include cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction with participation of major player in these processes such as p53 and p21, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c release, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, activation of caspases, etc. Conclusion: The ethnopharmacology of the Near East was influenced by Arabic and Islamic medicine and might be promising for developing new natural and safe anticancer agents. Further research is required to elucidate their cellular and molecular mechanisms and to estimate their clinical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Abu-Darwish
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shoubak University College, Al-Balqa’ Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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46
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Kim HR, Lee GS, Kim MS, Ryu DG, So HS, Moon HC, Lee YR, Yang SH, Kwon KB. Effects of Banxia Xiexin Decoction () on Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Human A549 Lung Cancer Cells. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 24:436-441. [PMID: 29247342 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examinie the synergistic effects of Banxia Xiexin Decoction (, Known as Banhasasim-tang in Korean) extract (BXDE) on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in the A549 human lung cancer cell lines. METHODS A549 cells were treated with varying concentrations (50-200 μg/mL) of cisplatin and BXDE alone or in combination for 96 h. We used 1-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan assay and flow cytometry to analyze cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. RESULTS The exposure of cells to cisplatin and BXDE alone or in combination decreased cell viability dose- and time-dependently (P<0.05), which was found to be mediated by the apoptotic pathway as confirmed by the increase in the annexin V+/propidium iodide- stained cell population and a ladder pattern of discontinuous DNA fragments. Furthermore, the apoptosis was inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp (OMe) fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-FMK). CONCLUSIONS BXDE significantly potentiated apoptotic effects of cisplatin in A549 cells. Moreover, apoptosis induced by BXDE might be the pivotal mechanism mediating its chemopreventative action against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Rim Kim
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Guem-San Lee
- Department of Herbology, Wonkwang University School of Korean Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Mi-Seong Kim
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Do-Gon Ryu
- Department of Korean Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Korean Medicine, Iksan Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chul Moon
- Institute of Customized Physical Therapy, Gwanju, 62279, South Korea
| | - Young-Rae Lee
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Dentistry, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Sei-Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea
| | - Kang-Beom Kwon
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea.
- Department of Korean Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Korean Medicine, Iksan Jeonbuk, 54538, South Korea.
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Zhao Y, Chen R, Wang Y, Yang Y. α-Pinene Inhibits Human Prostate Cancer Growth in a Mouse Xenograft Model. Chemotherapy 2017; 63:1-7. [PMID: 29069647 DOI: 10.1159/000479863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Pinene is one of the most widely found terpenoids in nature. Substantial evidence shows that α-pinene has cancer prevention properties. In this study, the PC-3 cell line was used to establish subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice. METHODS Cytotoxicity was measured with the MTT assay, and apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were conducted using flow cytometry in vitro. The PC-3 cell line was used to establish subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice. RESULTS We found that treatment with α-pinene significantly inhibited human prostate cancer cell growth and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the cell line-based model. Furthermore, tumor progression was inhibited more in mice treated with α-pinene than in control mice. We detected less Ki67 and proliferation cell nuclear antigen in paraffin sections from xenograft tumor specimens taken from α-pinene-treated mice than in those from the control group. Meanwhile, α-pinene treatment induced apoptosis in xenograft tumors as determined by the TUNEL assay. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly suggest that α-pinene inhibits prostate cancer growth in a xenograft model and may be an effective therapeutic agent for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
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48
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Liu G, Liu Z, Yan Y, Wang H. Effect of fraxetin on proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7374-7378. [PMID: 29344176 PMCID: PMC5755049 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of fraxetin on proliferation and apoptosis in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Cell proliferation was measused using an MTT assay and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining was used to determine shrinkage and condensation. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of factor-associated suicide (Fas) and Fas ligand (FasL) mRNA, and western blot analysis was used to examine Bax and Bcl-2 protein. MTT showed that the proliferation of MCF-7 cells was significantly inhibited by fraxetin in a dose-dependent manner. Fraxetin also induced significant morphological changes of MCF-7 cells, suggestive of apoptosis, whereas DAPI staining showed that fraxetin caused cell shrinkage and chromatin condensation. RT-PCR showed that the expression of Fas and FasL mRNA was upregulated by fraxetin and the western blot analysis revealed that Bax was upregulated and Bcl-2 was downregulated. In conclusion, fraxetin can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, induce apoptosis, upregulate Fas, FasL and Bax, and downregulate Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis. These results support the potential therapeutic role for fraxetin in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Yuexiang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Safarzadeh E, Delazar A, Kazemi T, Orangi M, Shanehbandi D, Esnaashari S, Mohammadnejad L, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Mohammadi A, Ghavifekr Fakhr M, Baradaran B. The Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Scrophularia Atropatana Extracts on Human Breast Cancer Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:381-389. [PMID: 29071220 PMCID: PMC5651059 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy diagnosed in women both in developed and developing countries. Natural products especially those from herbal origin have high potential in producing drug components with a source of novel structures. The present study was designed to explore the cytotoxic effects and the cell death mechanism of Scrophularia atropatana extracts. Methods: MTT assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the extracts of S. atropatana on the MCF-7 as well as non-malignant cells. Furthermore, induction of apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay, cell death detection ELISA, DNA fragmentation test, western blotting and Real Time PCR. Results: In vitro exposures of the MCF-7 cells with different concentration of S. atropatana extract significantly inhibited their growth and viability and induced apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells. Cleavage PARP protein, decrease in the mRNA expression levels of bcl-2 and increase expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA, highlights that the induction of apoptosis was the main mechanism of cell death. Moreover the expression study of Caspase-9 mRNA showed that, the extracts have induced apoptosis via intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that dichloromethane extract of Scrophularia atropatana has an apoptotic effects and it can be developed as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Safarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Delazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mona Orangi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Esnaashari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Mohammadnejad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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50
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Muhammad N, Steele R, Isbell TS, Philips N, Ray RB. Bitter melon extract inhibits breast cancer growth in preclinical model by inducing autophagic cell death. Oncotarget 2017; 8:66226-66236. [PMID: 29029506 PMCID: PMC5630406 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major public health problem worldwide in women and current therapeutic strategies are not adequately effective for this deadly disease. We have previously shown the anti-proliferative activity of bitter melon extract (BME) in breast cancer cells. In this study, we observed that BME treatment induces autophagosome-bound Long chain 3 (LC3)-B and accumulates protein p62/SQSTM1 (p62) in breast cancer cells. Additionally, we observed that BME treatment in breast cancer cells increases phospho-AMPK expression and inhibits the mTOR/Akt signaling pathway. Subsequently, we demonstrated that BME feeding effectively inhibited breast cancer growth in syngeneic and xenograft mouse models. Further, we observed the increased p62 accumulation, induction of autophagy and apoptotic cell death in tumors from BME-fed animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate that BME treatment inhibits breast tumor growth, and this anti-tumor activity in breast cancer is, in part, mediated by induction of autophagy and modulation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway. The antitumor activity of BME by oral feeding in breast cancer models suggested the high potential for a clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshad Muhammad
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert Steele
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - T Scott Isbell
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nancy Philips
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ratna B Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Cancer Center, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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