1
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Castro KADF, Moura NMM, Simões MMQ, Mesquita MMQ, Ramos LCB, Biazzotto JC, Cavaleiro JAS, Faustino MAF, Neves MGPMS, da Silva RS. A Comparative Evaluation of the Photosensitizing Efficiency of Porphyrins, Chlorins and Isobacteriochlorins toward Melanoma Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:4716. [PMID: 37375269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is one of the cancers that registers the highest number of new cases annually. Among all forms of skin cancer, melanoma is the most invasive and deadliest. The resistance of this form of cancer to conventional treatments has led to the employment of alternative/complementary therapeutic approaches. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be a promising alternative to overcome the resistance of melanoma to conventional therapies. PDT is a non-invasive therapeutic procedure in which highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated upon excitation of a photosensitizer (PS) when subjected to visible light of an adequate wavelength, resulting in the death of cancer cells. In this work, inspired by the efficacy of tetrapyrrolic macrocycles to act as PS against tumor cells, we report the photophysical characterization and biological assays of isobacteriochlorins and their corresponding chlorins and porphyrins against melanoma cancer cells through a photodynamic process. The non-tumoral L929 fibroblast murine cell line was used as the control. The results show that the choice of adequate tetrapyrrolic macrocycle-based PS can be modulated to improve the performance of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A D F Castro
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nuno M M Moura
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário M Q Simões
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana M Q Mesquita
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Loyanne C B Ramos
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Juliana C Biazzotto
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - José A S Cavaleiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Amparo F Faustino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Roberto S da Silva
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
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2
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Rahman KMM, Giram P, Foster BA, You Y. Photodynamic Therapy for Bladder Cancers, A Focused Review †. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:420-436. [PMID: 36138552 PMCID: PMC10421568 DOI: 10.1111/php.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the first cancer for which PDT was clinically approved in 1993. Unfortunately, it was unsuccessful due to side effects like bladder contraction. Here, we summarized the recent progress of PDT for bladder cancers, focusing on photosensitizers and formulations. General strategies to minimize side effects are intravesical administration of photosensitizers, use of targeting strategies for photosensitizers and better control of light. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancers are more suitable for PDT than muscle invasive and metastatic bladder cancers. In 2010, the FDA approved blue light cystoscopy, using PpIX fluorescence, for photodynamic diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. PpIX produced from HAL was also used in PDT but was not successful due to low therapeutic efficacy. To enhance the efficacy of PpIX-PDT, we have been working on combining it with singlet oxygen-activatable prodrugs. The use of these prodrugs increases the therapeutic efficacy of the PpIX-PDT. It also improves tumor selectivity of the prodrugs due to the preferential formation of PpIX in cancer cells resulting in decreased off-target toxicity. Future challenges include improving prodrugs and light delivery across the bladder barrier to deeper tumor tissue and generating an effective therapeutic response in an In vivo setting without causing collateral damage to bladder function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Md Mahabubur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Prabhanjan Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Barbara A. Foster
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Youngjae You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
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3
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Laderach DJ, Compagno D. Inhibition of galectins in cancer: Biological challenges for their clinical application. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1104625. [PMID: 36703969 PMCID: PMC9872792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins play relevant roles in tumor development, progression and metastasis. Accordingly, galectins are certainly enticing targets for medical intervention in cancer. To date, however, clinical trials based on galectin inhibitors reported inconclusive results. This review summarizes the galectin inhibitors currently being evaluated and discusses some of the biological challenges that need to be addressed to improve these strategies for the benefit of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego José Laderach
- Molecular and Functional Glyco-Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facutad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina,*Correspondence: Diego José Laderach,
| | - Daniel Compagno
- Molecular and Functional Glyco-Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facutad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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4
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Emerging photodynamic/sonodynamic therapies for urological cancers: progress and challenges. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:437. [PMID: 36195918 PMCID: PMC9531473 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01637-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) that developed from PDT, have been studied for decades to treat solid tumors. Compared with other deep tumors, the accessibility of urological tumors (e.g., bladder tumor and prostate tumor) makes them more suitable for PDT/SDT that requires exogenous stimulation. Due to the introduction of nanobiotechnology, emerging photo/sonosensitizers modified with different functional components and improved physicochemical properties have many outstanding advantages in cancer treatment compared with traditional photo/sonosensitizers, such as alleviating hypoxia to improve quantum yield, passive/active tumor targeting to increase drug accumulation, and combination with other therapeutic modalities (e.g., chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy) to achieve synergistic therapy. As WST11 (TOOKAD® soluble) is currently clinically approved for the treatment of prostate cancer, emerging photo/sonosensitizers have great potential for clinical translation, which requires multidisciplinary participation and extensive clinical trials. Herein, the latest research advances of newly developed photo/sonosensitizers for the treatment of urological cancers, and the efficacy, as well as potential biological effects, are highlighted. In addition, the clinical status of PDT/SDT for urological cancers is presented, and the optimization of the photo/sonosensitizer development procedure for clinical translation is discussed.
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5
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Rosa M, Jędryka N, Skorupska S, Grabowska-Jadach I, Malinowski M. New Route to Glycosylated Porphyrins via Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution (SNAr)—Synthesis and Cellular Uptake Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911321. [PMID: 36232622 PMCID: PMC9570116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoporphyrins are group of compounds of high value for the purpose of photodynamic therapy and other biomedical applications. Despite great progress in the field, new diversity-oriented syntheses of carbohydrate-porphyrin hybrids are increasingly desired. Herein, we present efficient, mild, and metal-free conditions for synthesis of glycoporphyrins. The versatile nature of the SNAr procedure is presented in 16 examples. Preliminary biological studies have been conducted on the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of the final molecules.
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6
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Synthesis of novel chlorophyll a derivatives bearing glucose moieties and estimation of their photocytotoxic activity. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Godlewski B, Baran D, de Robichon M, Ferry A, Ostrowski S, Malinowski M. Sonogashira cross-coupling as a key step in the synthesis of new glycoporphyrins. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01909k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Palladium catalysis is reported as an efficient tool to afford unique glycoporphyrins via Sonogashira cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Godlewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Baran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Morgane de Robichon
- CY Cergy-Paris Université, BioCIS, CNRS, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise cedex, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioCIS, CNRS, 5, rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Angélique Ferry
- CY Cergy-Paris Université, BioCIS, CNRS, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise cedex, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioCIS, CNRS, 5, rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Stanisław Ostrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Malinowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Aggarwal A, Bhupathiraju NVSDK, Farley C, Singh S. Applications of Fluorous Porphyrinoids: An Update †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1241-1265. [PMID: 34343350 DOI: 10.1111/php.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins and related macrocycles have been studied broadly for their applications in medicine and materials because of their tunable physicochemical, optoelectronic and magnetic properties. In this review article, we focused on the applications of fluorinated porphyrinoids and their supramolecular systems and summarized the reports published on these chromophores in the past 5-6 years. The commercially available fluorinated porphyrinoids: meso-perfluorophenylporphyrin (TPPF20 ) perfluorophthalocyanine (PcF16 ) and meso-perfluorophenylcorrole (CorF15 ) have increased photo and oxidative stability due to the presence of fluoro groups. Because of their tunable properties and robustness toward oxidative damage these porphyrinoid-based chromophores continue to gain attention of researchers developing advanced functional materials for applications such as sensors, photonic devices, component for solar cells, biomedical imaging, theranostics and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Aggarwal
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, NY
| | - N V S Dinesh K Bhupathiraju
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY
| | - Christopher Farley
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, NY
| | - Sunaina Singh
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, NY
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9
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Teixeira R, Serra VV, Botequim D, Paulo PMR, Andrade SM, Costa SMB. Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines: Some Insights into Supramolecular Self-Assembly, Microencapsulation, and Imaging Microscopy. Molecules 2021; 26:4264. [PMID: 34299539 PMCID: PMC8306603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular interactions of anionic tetrasulfonate phenyl porphyrin (TPPS) with poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 2.0 and 4.0 (G2 and G4, respectively) forming H- or J-aggregates, as well as with human and bovine serum albumin proteins (HSA and BSA), were reviewed in the context of self-assembly molecular complementarity. The spectroscopic studies were extended to the association of aluminum phthtalocyanine (AlPCS4) detected with a PAMAM G4 dendrimer with fluorescence studies in both steady state and dynamic state, as well as due to the fluorescence quenching associated to electron-transfer with a distribution of lifetimes. The functionalization of TPPS with peripheral substituents enables the assignment of spontaneous pH-induced aggregates with different and well-defined morphologies. Other work reported in the literature, in particular with soft self-assembly materials, fall in the same area with particular interest for the environment. The microencapsulation of TPPS studies into polyelectrolyte capsules was developed quite recently and aroused much interest, which is well supported and complemented by the extensive data reported on the Imaging Microscopy section of the Luminescence of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines included in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanda Vaz Serra
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Botequim
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro M R Paulo
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Suzana M Andrade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sílvia M B Costa
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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10
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Mal’shakova MV, Velegzhaninov IO, Rasova EE, Belykh DV. Novel chlorophyll a derivatives with ester-linked galactose fragments for photodynamic therapy and fluorescence diagnostics of cancer. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, a number of chlorophyll [Formula: see text] derivatives were synthetized with galactose fragments with an ester bond between macrocycle and carbohydrate fragments. It showed that synthesized compounds fluoresce intensely inside HeLa cells, which enable these compounds to be considered as potential diagnostic agents and indicates their ability to remain in the cell in an unassociated photoactive state — a necessary condition for the realization of a photodynamic action. It was determined that while all conjugates had comparable photoinduced toxicities, the conjugate with phorbin macrocycle fragment had a much lower dark toxicity, which corresponds to the trends noted earlier. In terms of a therapeutic window, conjugate significantly exceeds similar derivatives of chlorin [Formula: see text] and is the most promising for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V. Mal’shakova
- FRC, Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 48 Pervomayskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Ilya O. Velegzhaninov
- FRC, Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Elena E. Rasova
- FRC, Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Belykh
- FRC, Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 48 Pervomayskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia
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11
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Pereira PMR, Parada B, Ribeiro-Rodrigues TM, Fontes-Ribeiro CA, Girão H, Tomé JPC, Fernandes R. Caveolin-1 Modulation Increases Efficacy of a Galacto-Conjugated Phthalocyanine in Bladder Cancer Cells Resistant to Photodynamic Therapy. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2145-2154. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M. R. Pereira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Belmiro Parada
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Urology and Renal Transplantation Department, Coimbra University Hospital Centre (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa M. Ribeiro-Rodrigues
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. Fontes-Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P. C. Tomé
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CQE & Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
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12
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Synthesis, Characterization and Photodynamic Activity against Bladder Cancer Cells of Novel Triazole-Porphyrin Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071607. [PMID: 32244514 PMCID: PMC7180931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel triazole-porphyrin derivatives (TZ-PORs) were synthesized through the Heck reaction and then incorporated into polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) micelles. After verifying that this incorporation did not compromise the photophysical and chemical features of TZ-PORs as photosensitizers, the phototoxicity of the formulations towards cancer cells was screened. Biological studies show high photodynamic activity of all PVP-TZ-POR formulations against a bladder cancer cell line with a particular highlight to PVP-TZ-POR 7e and 7f that are able to significantly reduce HT-1376 cell viability, while they had no effect on control ARPE-19 cells.
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13
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de Almeida RMS, Fontana LC, Dos Santos Vitorio G, Pereira AHC, Soares CP, Pinto JG, Ferreira-Strixino J. Analysis of the effect of photodynamic therapy with Fotoenticine on gliosarcoma cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101685. [PMID: 32050104 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gliosarcoma is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm and a histopathological variant of wild-type glioblastoma multiforme isocitrate dehydrogenase (HDI). The current standard treatment consists of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical resection, however, despite advances in these techniques, the patient's prognosis remains unfavorable. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive technique that has been highlighted as an alternative form of cancer treatment because it does not present the side effects associated with systemic treatments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cell viability and the intracellular localization of photosensitizer (PS) chlorin e6 Fotoenticine in 9L/lacZ cells. Therefore, tests of cytotoxicity, morphology, and location of PS were performed. The viability test showed no cytotoxicity in the dark at all concentrations and 100 % cell death at the highest concentrations after PDT. The mitochondrial activity test showed a reduction in all groups after PDT. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was higher in the PDT groups and dependent on the PS concentration. Morphological analysis after PDT showed apparent cytoplasmic destruction in all the tested concentrations, with the presence of rounded cells due to the loss of their extensions and absence of nuclear alterations. The PS accumulation in the mitochondria and cytoskeleton was observed by the confocal microscopy; however, there is no evidence of its internalization in the lysosomes. It was concluded that PDT with Fotoenticine is a promising alternative therapy showing decreased cell viability, increased ROS production and adequate localization to trigger cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainara Moreno Sanches de Almeida
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Corrêa Fontana
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Dos Santos Vitorio
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - André Henrique Correia Pereira
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Pacheco Soares
- Laboratory of Cell Compartment Dynamics, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Guerra Pinto
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Ferreira-Strixino
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP: 12244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Pereira PMR, Roberts S, Figueira F, Tomé JPC, Reiner T, Lewis JS. PET/CT Imaging with an 18F-Labeled Galactodendritic Unit in a Galectin-1-Overexpressing Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1369-1375. [PMID: 32005776 PMCID: PMC7456169 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.236430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins overexpressed in bladder cancer (BCa) cells. Dendritic galactose moieties have a high affinity for galectin-expressing tumor cells. We radiolabeled a dendritic galactose carbohydrate with 18F (18F-labeled galactodendritic unit 4) and examined its potential in imaging urothelial malignancies. Methods: The 18F-labeled first-generation galactodendritic unit 4 was obtained from its tosylate precursor. We conducted in vivo studies in a galectin-expressing UMUC3 orthotopic BCa model to determine the ability of 18F-labeled galactodendritic unit 4 to image BCa. Results: Intravesical administration of 18F-labeled galactodendritic unit 4 allowed specific accumulation of the carbohydrate radiotracer in galectin-1–overexpressing UMUC3 orthotopic tumors when imaged with PET. The 18F-labeled galactodendritic unit 4 was not found to accumulate in nontumor murine bladders. Conclusion: The 18F-labeled galactodendritic unit 4 and similar analogs may be clinically relevant and exploitable for PET imaging of galectin-1–overexpressing bladder tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M R Pereira
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sheryl Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Flávio Figueira
- QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João P C Tomé
- CQE and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and.,Radiochemistry and Molecular Imaging Probes Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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15
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Yu Y, Wang B, Guo C, Zhao F, Chen D. Protoporphyrin IX-loaded laminarin nanoparticles for anticancer treatment, their cellular behavior, ROS detection, and animal studies. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:316. [PMID: 31535237 PMCID: PMC6751237 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Laminarin conjugate-based nano-scaled particles were in this study proposed as a delivery system for protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Hematin-Laminarin-Dithiodipropionic Acid-MGK, named as HLDM, was an amphiphilic carrier material with dual pH/redox sensitive that could be used to load hydrophobic drug to improve their solubility and enhance biocompatibility. Therefore, we combined photosensitizer (Pp IX) with HLDM to fabricate a novel nano-micelles, herein called Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles. The Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles were 149.3 ± 35 nm sized in neutral water. Phototoxicity, in vitro PDT effect, and dual sensibility to pH and redox microenvironment of Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles were examined at different concentrations by using MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The experiments on phototoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production proved that the micelles could produce PDT to kill the cancer cells with a certain wavelength light. The apoptosis experiment indicated that the micelles could cause nuclear damage. In vivo PDT effect of the micelles was studied by constructing the tumor-bearing nude mouse model of MCF-7 cells. In vivo studies showed that the Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles could induce remarkable anti-tumor effect. A promising laminarin-based nanomedicine platform acts as a new drug delivery system to enhance the uptake, accumulation, and PDT efficacy of Pp IX in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Chunjing Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Daquan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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16
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Mal'shakova MV, Pylina YI, Belykh DV. Novel hydrophilic galactose-conjugated chlorin e 6 derivatives for photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2064-2069. [PMID: 31311733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized new hydrophilic chlorin e6 derivatives with two and four galactose fragments conjugated to the macrocycle via carbon atom in position 6 of the galactose fragment. Galactose fragments were inserted by alkylation of the amino groups of chlorin e6 amides with one and two ethylene diamine fragments on the macrocycle periphery with triflate of diacetone galactose, followed by removal of diisopropylidene protection by 70% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid. The synthesized compounds were shown to be capable of penetrating the membrane of HeLa cells; they have intense red fluorescence inside the cell and have phototoxic properties towards HeLa cells (upon LED irradiation at 660 nm and light exposure value of 12 J/cm2). These properties, along with water solubility, allow us to consider the synthesized compounds to be promising as potential antitumor PSs and diagnostic compounds for visualizing malignant tumors and creating on their basis preparations for simultaneous diagnostics and therapy of oncological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Mal'shakova
- Institute of Chemistry of the Komi Science Centre, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 48 Pervomayskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Yana I Pylina
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Dmitry V Belykh
- Institute of Chemistry of the Komi Science Centre, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000, 48 Pervomayskaya st., Syktyvkar, Russia.
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17
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Antimicrobial activity and safety applications of meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)platinum(II) porphyrin. Microb Pathog 2018; 128:47-54. [PMID: 30579946 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-platinated(II) porphyrin hexafluorophosphate compound (4-PtTPyPor) was synthetized and along 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin (4-TPyPor), evaluated about the antimicrobial activity and safety. The effect was evaluated with and without light exposition. The antimicrobial activity was analyzed by microdilution and growth curve method. The assays showed an increase of antimicrobial potential caused by porphyrins with light exposition comparing the treatment without light irradiation. The biocompatibility was tested by MTT, ROS production, dsDNA on culture medium and hemolysis. All platinum porphyrin concentrations showed hemolytic activity under light exposition. The ROS measurement doesn't showed statistic difference between treatments and control. The picogreen assay demonstrates a reduction of dsDNA on culture medium with cells treated with porphyrins under light irradiation. The study demonstrated that the platinated porphyrins might be promising microbial photodynamic inactivation with potential applications in wastewater treatment, biofilm control and bioremediation.
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18
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Plotnikova EA, Grin MA, Ostroverkhov PV, Pantushenko IV, Yakubovskaya RI, Kaprin AD. [Primary screening of substances-photosensibilizers of the bacteriochlorin range for photodynamic therapy of malignant neoplasms]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2018; 64:283-289. [PMID: 29964266 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186403283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a primary screening of bacteriochlorin-type compounds with aminoamide, propyl and carbohydrate substituents aimed for development a new generation photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors. Absorption and fluorescence spectral characteristics of the compounds, their storage stability in solutions under dark conditions and light exposure, photo-induced and dark cytotoxicity against human HEp2 tumor cells have been studied. It has been shown that the dyes with aminoamide substituents have an absorbtion maximum at 754±2 nm in the long wavelength region and they are not stable during storage (the specific fluorescence intensity decreased by 33-56% during 24 hours). The long wavelength region absorption of the propyl and carbohydrate substituted compounds varied in the range 780-831 nm, they were stable in solutions during storage and under light irradiation. Except the dye with a carbohydrate residue in the exocycle E, all PS exhibited the high photo-induced activity and low level of the dark cytotoxicity. The highest photo-induced cytotoxicity was observed for compounds with aminoamide substituents inthe macrocyclic ring (IC 50 values ranged from 17 nM to49 nM after 2 hour incubation with PS followed by exposure to the 10 J/cm 2 dose of red light). Taking into account the totality of the physico-chemical and biological properties, as well as manufacturability of production, O-propyloxime-N-propoxybacteriopurinimide methyl ester was chosen as the most promising candidate compound for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M A Grin
- Moscow Technological University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - A D Kaprin
- Hertsen Moscow Institute of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Foletto P, Correa F, Dornelles L, A Iglesias B, H da Silveira C, A Nogara P, T da Rocha JB, F Faustino MA, D Rodrigues OE. A New Protocol for the Synthesis of New Thioaryl-Porphyrins Derived from 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin: Photophysical Evaluation and DNA-Binding Interactive Studies. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102588. [PMID: 30308960 PMCID: PMC6222446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new protocol for the preparation of thioaryl-porphyrins is described. The compounds were prepared from different disulfides employing NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The methodology allowed the preparation of four different thioaryl-porphyrins in very-good to excellent yields under soft conditions, such as short reaction times and smooth heating. Additionally, the photophysical properties of new compounds were determined and experimental and theoretical DNA interactions were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Foletto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiula Correa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Luciano Dornelles
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Bernardo A Iglesias
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria⁻UFSM, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Carolina H da Silveira
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria⁻UFSM, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Pablo A Nogara
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Univerisidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - João B T da Rocha
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Univerisidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria⁻RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Maria A F Faustino
- QOPNA and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Oscar E D Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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20
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Bispo M, Pereira PMR, Setaro F, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Fernandes R, Torres T, Tomé JPC. A Galactose Dendritic Silicon (IV) Phthalocyanine as a Photosensitizing Agent in Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Chempluschem 2018; 83:855-860. [PMID: 31950688 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two protected galacto-dendritic units have been axially coordinated to the central ion of a silicon(IV) phthalocyanine to afford SiPcPGal4 containing four units of galactose per macrocycle. These biological moieties provided better solubility in aqueous medium and a sensitizer with higher absorption peaks at 680-690 nm. The photodynamic activity of SiPcPGal4 was evaluated against UM-UC-3 human bladder cancer cell line and the results were compared with the activity of the reported SiPcPGal2 and SiPc(OH)2 . SiPcPGal4 had a better uptake and it was a better toxicity inducer than SiPcPGal2 and SiPc(OH)2 owing to its four galactose units, protected by isopropylidene groups, which can act as targeted micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Bispo
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Autonoma University of Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI) Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia M R Pereira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI) Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francesca Setaro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Autonoma University of Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Autonoma University of Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonoma University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI) Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Research Consortium University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics, and Oncobiology, 3001-301, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Autonoma University of Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonoma University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - João P C Tomé
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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21
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Pereira PMR, Rizvi W, Bhupathiraju NVSDK, Berisha N, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Drain CM. Carbon-1 versus Carbon-3 Linkage of d-Galactose to Porphyrins: Synthesis, Uptake, and Photodynamic Efficiency. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:306-315. [PMID: 29313666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of glycosylated compounds is actively pursued as a therapeutic strategy for cancer due to the overexpression of various types of sugar receptors and transporters on most cancer cells. Conjugation of saccharides to photosensitizers such as porphyrins provides a promising strategy to improve the selectivity and cell uptake of the photosensitizers, enhancing the overall photosensitizing efficacy. Most porphyrin-carbohydrate conjugates are linked via the carbon-1 position of the carbohydrate because this is the most synthetically accessible approach. Previous studies suggest that carbon-1 galactose derivatives show diminished binding since the hydroxyl group in the carbon-1 position of the sugar is a hydrogen bond acceptor in the galectin-1 sugar binding site. We therefore synthesized two isomeric porphyrin-galactose conjugates using click chemistry: one linked via the carbon-1 of the galactose and one linked via carbon-3. Free base and zinc analogs of both conjugates were synthesized. We assessed the uptake and photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) activity of the two conjugates in both monolayer and spheroidal cell cultures of four different cell lines. For both the monolayer and spheroid models, we observe that the uptake of both conjugates is proportional to the protein levels of galectin-1 and the uptake is suppressed after preincubation with an excess of thiogalactose, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy. Compared to that of the carbon-1 conjugate, the uptake of the carbon-3 conjugate was greater in cell lines containing high expression levels of galectin-1. After photodynamic activation, MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays demonstrated that the conjugates induce phototoxicity in both monolayers and spheroids of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M R Pereira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Waqar Rizvi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - N V S Dinesh K Bhupathiraju
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Naxhije Berisha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Research Consortium, University of Coimbra , 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P C Tomé
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Charles Michael Drain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
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22
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GOMES ANAT, NEVES MARIAG, CAVALEIRO JOSÉA. Cancer, Photodynamic Therapy and Porphyrin-Type Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 90:993-1026. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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23
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Azevedo R, Peixoto A, Gaiteiro C, Fernandes E, Neves M, Lima L, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Over forty years of bladder cancer glycobiology: Where do glycans stand facing precision oncology? Oncotarget 2017; 8:91734-91764. [PMID: 29207682 PMCID: PMC5710962 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The high molecular heterogeneity of bladder tumours is responsible for significant variations in disease course, as well as elevated recurrence and progression rates, thereby hampering the introduction of more effective targeted therapeutics. The implementation of precision oncology settings supported by robust molecular models for individualization of patient management is warranted. This effort requires a comprehensive integration of large sets of panomics data that is yet to be fully achieved. Contributing to this goal, over 40 years of bladder cancer glycobiology have disclosed a plethora of cancer-specific glycans and glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans) accompanying disease progressions and dissemination. This review comprehensively addresses the main structural findings in the field and consequent biological and clinical implications. Given the cell surface and secreted nature of these molecules, we further discuss their potential for non-invasive detection and therapeutic development. Moreover, we highlight novel mass-spectrometry-based high-throughput analytical and bioinformatics tools to interrogate the glycome in the postgenomic era. Ultimately, we outline a roadmap to guide future developments in glycomics envisaging clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Biomaterials for Multistage Drug and Cell Delivery, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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24
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Pereira PMR, Berisha N, Bhupathiraju NVSDK, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Drain CM. Cancer cell spheroids are a better screen for the photodynamic efficiency of glycosylated photosensitizers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177737. [PMID: 28545086 PMCID: PMC5435229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) relies on the use of non-toxic photosensitizers that are locally and selectively activated by light to induce cell death or apoptosis through reactive oxygen species generation. The conjugation of porphyrinoids with sugars that target cancer is increasingly viewed as an effective way to increase the selectivity of PDT. To date, in vitro PDT efficacy is mostly screened using two-dimensional monolayer cultures. Compared to monolayer cultures, three-dimensional spheroid cultures have unique spatial distributions of nutrients, metabolites, oxygen and signalling molecules; therefore better mimic in vivo conditions. We obtained 0.05 mm3 spheroids with four different human tumor cell lines (HCT-116, MCF-7, UM-UC-3 and HeLa) with appropriate sizes for screening PDT agents. We observed that detachment from monolayer culture and growth as tumor spheroids was accompanied by changes in glucose metabolism, endogenous ROS levels, galectin-1 and glucose transporter GLUT1 protein levels. We compared the phototoxic responses of a porphyrin conjugated with four glucose molecules (PorGlu4) in monolayer and spheroid cultures. The uptake and phototoxicity of PorGlu4 is highly dependent on the monolayer versus spheroid model used and on the different levels of GLUT1 protein expressed by these in vitro platforms. This study demonstrates that HCT-116, MCF-7, UM-UC-3 and HeLa spheroids afford a more rational platform for the screening of new glycosylated-photosensitizers compared to monolayer cultures of these cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M. R. Pereira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Naxhije Berisha
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Rosa Fernandes
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P. C. Tomé
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CQE, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Charles Michael Drain
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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