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Usefulness of nucleic acid testing among negative HBs Ag blood donors in Egypt. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 58:468-471. [PMID: 31105059 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis B viral infection has been transmitted from donors with HBV infections who have negative HBs Ag. Many countries have implemented nucleic acid testing (NAT) to screen donors with non- reactive HBs Ag for detection of HBV DNA and enhance safety of blood transfusion, while it is restricted to limited blood banks in Egypt. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the significance of NAT technology in detection of HBV DNA in the Egyptian blood donors with HBs Ag non- reactivity. METHODS The study included 36,584 collected blood samples from volunteer blood donors at the blood bank of Zagazig University Hospitals. Each specimen was tested for HBs Ag; non- reactive sera were further tested for qualitative detection of HBV-DNA by NAT testing. All positive HBV-DNA donors were tested for anti- HBc and anti- HBs by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay and confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Among 34,671 donors non-reactive to HBs Ag, 34,657 (99.96%) were tested negative for HBV- DNA and 14 specimens (0.04%) were positive for HBV via NAT testing. Among HBV NAT positive donors, HBs Ab reactive only in (2); HBc Ab reactive only in (3); HBs and HBc Abs reactive in (3) while HBs and HBc Ab non-reactive in (6). All tested sera 14 (100%) showed low viral load for HBV (<50 IU/ml) confirmed by RT- qPCR. CONCLUSION Our results highlighted the significance of the HBV NAT technique to reduce the potential risk of HBV transfusion-transmission and the critical need to enforce the usage of NAT technology in all blood banks in Egypt.
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Alabdallat NG, Bin Dukhyil AAA. Significance of HBV NAT Among HBs Antigen-Negative Blood Donors in Saudi Arabia. Lab Med 2018; 49:342-346. [PMID: 29767761 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bloodborne hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission from asymptomatic donors with acute HBV infections who have undetectable surface antigen of HBV (HBsAg), or from donors with chronic infections in whom serological markers were not detected, could cause residual infections leading to relevant transfusion-transmitted infections (RTTIs). HBV nucleic acid testing (NAT) can detect HBV DNA in the HBsAg-negative and total hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc)-negative window period of infection and in chronic cases. Objective To assess the presence or absence of HBV DNA in blood donors with HBsAg negativity. Methods We collected 3014 blood specimens from volunteer blood donors at the blood bank of King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudia Arabia. Specimens from each donor were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) by commercial immunoassays and for qualitative assessments of HBV-DNA by HBV-NAT testing. Results Of the 3014 donors, 7 (0.23%) tested positive for HBsAg and anti-HBc, 1 for HBsAg (0.03%) only, and of those 264 donors (8.8%) for anti-HBc. Of these last, 6.9% also tested positive for anti-HBs and 1.9% tested negative for anti-HBs. HBV-NAT testing was reactive in 75.0% of subjects who tested HBsAg positive, and nonreactive in 100% of subjects who tested anti-HBc positive/HBsAg negative (with or without anti-HBs). Among 2742 donors who tested seronegative, 1 specimen was determined to be reactive via HBV-NAT testing. Conclusions The frequency of HBV DNA in blood donors who tested seronegative was low. This finding may indicate the significance of the HBV NAT technique in reducing the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessrin Ghazi Alabdallat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Aziz A Bin Dukhyil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
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Alzahrani FM, Muzaheed, Shaikh SS, Alomar AI, Acharya S, Elhadi N. Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Among Blood Donors in Eastern Saudi Arabia: Results From a Five-Year Retrospective Study of HBV Seromarkers. Ann Lab Med 2018; 39:81-85. [PMID: 30215234 PMCID: PMC6143475 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2019.39.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transfusion-transmissible hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major problem worldwide. Recently, confirmatory nucleic acid tests (NATs) for HBV DNA have been employed in several countries. We assessed the prevalence and yearly trends of HBV infection in blood donors in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, screening for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), and HBV DNA. Methods Between 2011 and 2015, a total of 22,842 donors were screenedfor HBsAg, anti-HBc, and HBV DNA using the HBsAg Qualitative II kit (Abbott, Ireland Diagnostics Division, Sligo, Ireland), ARCHITECT Anti-hepatitis B core antigen antibody (HBc) II Assay kit (Abbott GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden, Germany), and NAT Procleix Ultrio Elite Assay kit (Grifols Diagnostic Solutions Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA), respectively. Results A total of 739 (3.24%) donors were HbsAg(+), anti-HBc(+), or HBV DNA(+); 63 (0.28%) were HbsAg(+), anti-HBc(+), and HBV DNA(+). Twelve (0.05%) were anti-HBc(+) and HBV DNA(+) but HBsAg(−); they were considered to have occult infection. Further, 664 (2.91%) were HBsAg(−) but anti-HBc(+), indicating chronic or resolving infection. HBV prevalence increased significantly from 2011 to 2012, increased marginally till 2013, and showed a decreasing trend from 2013 (P>0.05). Conclusions The five-year prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (3.24%) is lower than that reported for other regions in the country. The occult HBV infection rate of 0.05% emphasizes the importance of NATs in isolating potential infectious blood units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mousa Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muzaheed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Sattar Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Ibrahim Alomar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadananda Acharya
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreldin Elhadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Makvandi M. Update on occult hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:8720-8734. [PMID: 27818588 PMCID: PMC5075547 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i39.8720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The event of mutations in the surface antigen gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) results in undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen with positive/negative anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) antibody status in serum and this phenomenon is named occult hepatitis B infection (OBI). The presence of anti-HBc antibody in serum is an important key for OBI tracking, although about 20% of OBI cases are negative for anti-HBc antibody. The diagnosis of OBI is mainly based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR assays. However, real-time PCR is a more reliable method than PCR. OBI is a great issue for the public health problem and a challenge for the clinical entity worldwide. The persistence of OBI may lead to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. With regard to OBI complications, the screening of HBV DNA by the highly sensitive molecular means should be implemented for: (1) patients with a previous history of chronic or acute HBV infection; (2) patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus/human immunodeficiency virus; (3) patients undergoing chemotherapy or anti-CD20 therapy; (4) recipients of organ transplant; (5) blood donors; (6) organ transplant donors; (7) thalassemia and hemophilia patients; (8) health care workers; (9) patients with liver related disease (cryptogenic); (10) hemodialysis patients; (11) patients undergoing lamivudine or interferon therapy; and (12) children in time of HBV vaccination especially in highly endemic areas of HBV. Active HBV vaccination should be implemented for the close relatives of patients who are negative for OBI markers. Thus, the goal of this review is to evaluate the rate of OBI with a focus on status of high risk groups in different regions of the world.
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Lin H, Zhao H, Tang X, Hu W, Jiang N, Zhu S, Huang C. Serological Patterns and Molecular Characterization of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Blood Donors. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2016; 16:e40492. [PMID: 27882070 PMCID: PMC5116128 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.40492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B infections, characterized by the presence of a viral genome without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg; Occult hepatitis B infection [OBI]), have been reported recently. OBJECTIVES We performed serological and molecular characterization of OBI among blood donors at Jiangsu province blood center during years 2013 and 2014. METHODS All donor samples were routinely screened by double enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Treponema pallidum (TP), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Single-reactive, nonreactive, and ALT-elevated samples were pooled or resolved by nucleic acid testing (NAT). Seromarkers were examined in HBsAg-/DNA+ samples. After 1 to 12 months of follow up, seromarkers were screened again to verify OBI samples. RESULTS We studied 157119 samples from blood donors. A total of 154397 ELISA nonreactive donor samples were identified, and HBV DNA was detected in 81 samples; no samples were positive for HIV or HCV RNA. Hepatitis B virus viral loads in most donors were less than 20 - 200 IU/mL. There was only one HBsAg-positive sample. Eighty HBsAg-/DNA+ samples were evaluated further. Of these samples, 85% (68/80) were reactive for anti-HBc and 36.2% (29/800) were reactive for anti-HBc and anti-HBs; 11.3% (9/80) did not have any detectable serological markers. Twenty-nine donors were followed up. One was HBsAg ELISA positive, and of six seronegative donors, all had anti-HBc and anti-HBs, but were negative for DNA. Samples were HBV genotypes B, C and D. Mutations in the S region of HBV DNA included S114T, G119R, P120S, T125M, C139Y, T140I, C147W, T148A, A159V/G, E164D, V168A, and R169C. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found that OBI was rare, but that the prevalence of OBI was slightly higher in Jiangsu than in other areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lin
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Tang
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjia Hu
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Shaowen Zhu
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengyin Huang
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, China
- Corresponding Author: Chengyin Huang, Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Blood Center, 179 Longpan Rd., Nanjing, China. Tel/Fax: +86-2585411806, E-mail:
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Karimi G, Zadsar M, Vafaei N, Sharifi Z, FalahTafti M. Prevalence of antibody to Hepatitis B core antigen and Hepatitis B virus DNA in HBsAg negative healthy blood donors. Virol J 2016; 13:36. [PMID: 26944046 PMCID: PMC4779215 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus is one of the most important blood born viruses. Although the sensitivity of screening tests has been considerably increased, transmission may still occur due to window period or occult hepatitis B infections (OBIs). This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of the anti-HBc and identifying the HBV DNA in HBsAg negative blood donors. Methods The Blood samples from 2031 HBsAg-negative blood donors were divided into three aliquots and tested for anti-HBc, anti-HBs and HBV DNA. Serologic screening including anti-HBc and anti-HBs was performed. As a confirmatory test, all positive results for anti-HBc were retested with another kit. Two positive results were considered for anti-HBc positivity. All HBsAg negative selected donations were tested by PCR assay on pooled specimens (five samples per pool), plasma samples found to be HBsAg negative but anti-HBc positive were selected for a single-unit specimen Real-Time assay. Results The study population had a mean age of 33.25 ± 10.09 years were mainly composed of males (94.8 %). The seroprevalance rate was 4.9 % for Anti-HBc and 31.9 % for HBsAb. The majority (58.6 %) of Anti-HBc positive cases were regular blood donors with 42–49 years being the largest age group (41.4 %). Neither individual NAT nor pooled NAT test detected any HBV DNA. Conclusion However, Screening of anti-HBc Ab is proposed as a method to identify previous contact with HBV, but there is controversy in literature data regarding the cost-benefit of exclusion of positive anti-HBc Ab in blood donors. Our data does not suggest HBc-Ab test as a screening tool in the study setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gharib Karimi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Zadsar
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Vafaei
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Sharifi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad FalahTafti
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran.
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Mortensen E, Kamali A, Schirmer PL, Lucero-Obusan C, Winston CA, Oda G, Winters MA, Durfee J, Martinello RA, Davey VJ, Holodniy M. Are current screening protocols for chronic hepatitis B virus infection adequate? Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 85:159-67. [PMID: 27009896 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection screening usually includes only HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) testing; HBV core and surface antibody (anti-HBc, anti-HBs) assays, indicating resolved infection and immunity, are not routinely performed. Yet, serum HBV DNA is measurable in approximately 10% of HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive cases, representing occult HBV infection (OBI). Patient blood samples from 2 Veterans Affairs medical center look-back investigations were screened for HBV infection using HBsAg enzyme immunoassays. Supplementary testing included anti-HBc and anti-HBs enzyme immunoassays. For anti-HBc-positive samples, HBV DNA testing was performed. Background OBI prevalence was further estimated at these 2 facilities based on HBV serology testing results from 1999-2012. Finally, a literature review was performed to determine OBI prevalence in the published literature. Of 1887 HBsAg-negative cohort patients, 98 (5.2%) were anti-HBc positive/anti-HBs negative; and 175 (9.3%), anti-HBc positive/anti-HBs positive. Six of 273 were HBV DNA positive, representing 0.3% of the total tested and 2.2% who were anti-HBc positive/anti-HBs negative or anti-HBc positive/anti-HBs positive. Among 32,229 general population veterans at these 2 sites who had any HBV testing, 4/108 (3.7%) were HBV DNA positive, none of whom were part of the cohort. In 129 publications with HBsAg-negative patients, 1817/1,209,426 (0.15%) had OBI. However, excluding blood bank studies with greater than 1000 patients, the OBI rate increased to 1800/17,893 (10%). OBI is not rare and has implications for transmission and disease detection. HBsAg testing alone is insufficient for detecting all chronic HBV infections. These findings may impact blood donation, patient HBV screening, follow-up protocols for patients assumed to have cleared the infection, and initiation of immunosuppression in patients with distant or undetected HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mortensen
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Kamali
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patricia L Schirmer
- Office of Public Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Gina Oda
- Office of Public Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mark A Winters
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Janet Durfee
- Office of Public Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Richard A Martinello
- Office of Public Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Victoria J Davey
- Office of Public Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mark Holodniy
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Office of Public Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA.
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Yilmaz S, Unlu A, Cetinkaya RA, Yapar M, Avci IY, Yilmaz S, Eyigun CP. A strategical re-thinking on National Blood Donor Pool: Anti-HBc positivity related re-entry mechanisms. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 54:271-5. [PMID: 26928919 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Screening of blood donations for antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) is used to prevent transfusion transmitted hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study, we studied the magnitude of blood donor gain by using a re-entry mechanism in our Blood Bank of Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January and May 2013, 5148 voluntary blood donors were screened by ELISA method for HBsAg, anti-HBc total and other screening markers, prospectively. Samples with repeated reactivity for the presence of anti-HBc were further tested with four supplemental assays. RESULTS We detected 515 (10%) anti-HBc positive and 4612 (90%) anti-HBc negative cases in 5127 HBsAg negative serum samples. A total of 461 (89.5%) blood units were reactive for at least one additional serologic parameter and 54 were (10.5%) negative. Isolated anti-HBc positivity rate was 1.3% (69/5127). In the isolated anti-HBc positive samples, 54 were also anti-HBe and HBeAg negative. HBV DNA was not detected in any of the samples. CONCLUSION Applying the EDQM criteria would decrease our blood donor loss from 10% to 5.4%. As alternative re-entry mechanisms have already been presented in the literature, institution of a new policy is needed to enhance the limited blood donor pool in our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soner Yilmaz
- Regional Blood Center, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Aytekin Unlu
- Department of General Surgery, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Yapar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yasar Avci
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sebahattin Yilmaz
- Regional Blood Center, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Polat Eyigun
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Vaezjalali M, Rashidpour S, Rezaee H, Hajibeigi B, Zeidi M, Gachkar L, Aghamohamad S, Najafi R, Goudarzi H. Hepatitis B viral DNA among HBs antigen negative healthy blood donors. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2013; 13:e6590. [PMID: 23675384 PMCID: PMC3651843 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.6590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) renders HBs antigen (HBsAg) undetectable by ELISA. Therefore it is valuable to evaluate the frequency of OBI among healthy blood donors to improve and perhaps change the strategies of blood screening to reduce the risk of HBV transmission. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the presence of HBcAb and HBV DNA among Iranian HBsAg negative healthy blood donors who donated their blood to the Tehran Blood Transfusion Center during 2011. PATIENTS AND METHODS 1000 serum specimens negative for HBsAg, HCV antibody and HIV antibody were collected from healthy blood donors and tested for HBcAb. Presence of hepatitis B viral DNA was checked in HBcAb positive samples by nested PCR with two sets of primers to amplify part of HBV S gene. RESULTS There were 64 women and 936 men in the population under study. The mean ± SD age of the donors was 38 ± 11 years. 80 out of 1000 samples (8%) were found to be positive for HBcAb. HBV DNA was detected in 50% of HBcAb positive specimens. The mean ± SD age of donors without HBV DNA was 37.7 ± 10.5 years and for donors with HBV DNA was 40.9 ± 11.2 years (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS OBI was prevalent among 50% of HBcAb positive healthy blood donors. The frequency of positive HBcAb among healthy HBsAg negative blood donors was comparable to previous studies reported from Iran. On the other hand, the frequency of HBV DNA in HBsAg negative blood donors was higher than previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Vaezjalali
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Shabnam Rashidpour
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hanieh Rezaee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Bashir Hajibeigi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Majid Zeidi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Latif Gachkar
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Shadi Aghamohamad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ronak Najafi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Hossein Goudarzi, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak St., Tehran, IR Iran. Tel.: +98-2123872556, Fax: +98-2122439964, E-mail:
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Akinbami AA, Oshinaike OO, Dosunmu OA, Adeyemo TA, Adediran A, Akanmu S, Wright KO, Ilori S, Aile K. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBe antigen) and B core antibodies (IgG anti-HBcore and IgM anti-HBcore) among hepatitis B surface antigen positive blood donors at a Tertiary Centre in Nigeria. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:167. [PMID: 22455501 PMCID: PMC3411450 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a common cause of liver disease throughout the world. HBV is transmitted through blood and other body fluids, including semen and saliva. Chronic replication of HBV virons is characterized by persistence circulation of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA; usually with anti-HBc and occasionally with anti-HBs. Aim: To determine the prevalence of HBeAg, IgG anti-HBcore and IgM anti-HBcore amongst HBsAg positive blood donors. These parameters are reflective of transmissibility and active hepatitis B infection. A cross sectional study was carried out at the blood donor clinics of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja and Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idiaraba. A total of 267 donors were recruited to determine HBe antigen, IgG and IgM anti-HBcore antibodies amongst hepatitis BsAg positive donors. Five milliliters of blood was collected from those who tested positive to HBsAg screen during donation. The sera were subjected to enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson chi-squared test was used for the analytical assessment. Findings A total number of 267 HBsAg positive blood donors were studied. A seroprevalence of 8.2% (22 of 267) HBeAg was obtained, 4 of 267 (1.5%) were indeterminate while 241 (90.3%) tested negative. Only 27 out of 267 donors (10.1%) tested positive to IgM anti-HBcore, 234(87.6%) tested negative, while 6(2.2%) were indeterminate. A higher percentage of 60.7% (162 of 267) tested positive to IgG anti-HBcore, while 39.3% (105 of 267) tested negative. Conclusion There is a low seroprevalence rate of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis and relatively high IgG anti-HBcore and IgM anti-HBcore rates in South West Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinsegun A Akinbami
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Nigeria.
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Impact of Hepatitis B Core Antibody Positive Donors in Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation: An Analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing Database. Transplantation 2009; 88:842-6. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181b4e1fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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