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Singeap AM, Minea H, Petrea O, Robea MA, Balmuș IM, Duta R, Ilie OD, Cimpoesu CD, Stanciu C, Trifan A. Real-World Utilization of Corticosteroids in Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: Eligibility, Response, and Outcomes. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:311. [PMID: 38399598 PMCID: PMC10890054 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) poses a medical challenge, causing moderately severe to life-threatening episodes with high short- and long-term mortality. This study aimed to explore real-world corticosteroid utilization in severe AH, response predictors, and patient outcomes. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on patients admitted for severe AH, defined as a Maddrey Discriminant Function score equal to or above 32, at a tertiary care center. We reviewed patients' medical observation charts to identify corticosteroid prescriptions, reasons for ineligibility, and response rates. Responders were defined based on the Lille score, and predictors of non-response were identified. Short-term (one-month) and long-term (one-year) mortality rates were calculated according to treatment and response. Results: Out of 310 patients enrolled with severe AH, 59% received corticosteroids, achieving a response rate of 75.4%. The reasons for not administering corticosteroids were as follows: uncontrolled infections (27.6%), renal dysfunction (20.4%), gastrointestinal bleeding (18.9%), acute pancreatitis (7.1%), uncontrolled diabetes (3.1%), and other or unknown causes (22.8%). The overall 1-month mortality rate was 12.2%, higher in non-responders (35.3%) and patients who did not receive corticosteroids (13.4%) compared to responders (3.6%). The overall 1-year mortality rate was 62.5%, similar between patients who did not receive corticosteroids (78.7%) and non-responders (77.7%) and higher compared to responders (42.8%). Predictive factors for non-response included older age (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01-1.08), concomitant cirrhosis (OR= 2.11, 95% CI: 1.064-4.20), MELD scores exceeding 30 (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.21-4.80), severe hypoalbuminemia (OR = 2.46, 95%CI: 1.12-5.37), and increased serum creatinine (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.03). Among the prognostic scores, MELD 3.0 score exhibited superior efficacy for short-term (AUC = 0.734, 95% CI 0.656-0.811) and long-term mortality (AUC = 0.777, 95% CI: 0.724-0.830) compared to alternative scoring systems. Conclusions: Low eligibility rate and poor prognosis underscore the need for effective therapies. Our findings contribute to refining risk stratification and early prediction of non-response, aiding clinicians in identifying more beneficial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Singeap
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.S.); (C.S.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Horia Minea
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.S.); (C.S.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Petrea
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.S.); (C.S.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Madalina-Andreea Robea
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana-Miruna Balmuș
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Raluca Duta
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmen Diana Cimpoesu
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, Iasi, Blvd. Independentei 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carol Stanciu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.S.); (C.S.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Trifan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.S.); (C.S.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-A.R.); (I.-M.B.); (R.D.); (O.-D.I.); (C.D.C.)
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Carol I Avenue, No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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van den Berg EH, Gruppen EG, Blokzijl H, Bakker SJ, Dullaart RP. Higher Sodium Intake Assessed by 24 Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The PREVEND Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122157. [PMID: 31817623 PMCID: PMC6947413 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A higher sodium intake is conceivably associated with insulin resistant conditions like obesity, but associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a higher sodium intake determined by 24 hours (24 h) urine collections are still unclear. Dietary sodium intake was measured by sodium excretion in two complete consecutive 24 h urine collections in 6132 participants of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort. Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥60 and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) >36 were used as proxies of suspected NAFLD. 1936 (31.6%) participants had an FLI ≥60, coinciding with the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, hypertension and history of cardiovascular disease. Sodium intake was higher in participants with an FLI ≥60 (163.63 ± 61.81 mmol/24 h vs. 136.76 ± 50.90 mmol/24 h, p < 0.001), with increasing incidence in ascending quartile categories of sodium intake (p < 0.001). Multivariably, an FLI ≥60 was positively associated with a higher sodium intake when taking account for T2D, a positive cardiovascular history, hypertension, alcohol intake, smoking and medication use (odds ratio (OR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.64, p < 0.001). Additional adjustment for the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) diminished this association (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.21–1.41, p < 0.001). HSI >36 showed similar results. Associations remained essentially unaltered after adjustment for body surface area or waist/hip ratio. In conclusion, suspected NAFLD is a feature of higher sodium intake. Insulin resistance-related processes may contribute to the association of NAFLD with sodium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline H. van den Berg
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.G.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-50-3616161
| | - Eke G. Gruppen
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.G.G.)
- Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Stephan J.L. Bakker
- Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Robin P.F. Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (E.G.G.)
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van den Berg EH, Corsetti JP, Bakker SJL, Dullaart RPF. Plasma ApoE elevations are associated with NAFLD: The PREVEND Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220659. [PMID: 31386691 PMCID: PMC6684074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is featured by increased plasma very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). The extent to which plasma apolipoprotein E (ApoE) levels are elevated in NAFLD is unclear. We determined whether plasma ApoE is elevated in subjects with suspected NAFLD. Plasma ApoE and genotypes were determined in 6,762 participants of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort. A Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥ 60 was used as a proxy of NAFLD. A total of 1,834 participants had a FLI ≥ 60, which coincided with increased triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol, ApoB and ApoE (all P<0.001). In multivariable linear regression analysis, plasma ApoE levels were positively associated with an elevated FLI when taking account of ApoE genotypes and other clinical and laboratory covariates (fully adjusted model: β = 0.201, P<0.001). Stratified analysis for ApoE genotypes (ApoE ε3ε3 homozygotes, ApoE ε2 carriers, and ApoE ε3ε4 and ε4ε4 carriers combined), also showed positive associations of plasma ApoE levels with an elevated FLI in each group (all P<0.001). In conclusion, it is suggested that NAFLD is characterized by increased plasma ApoE levels, even when taking account of the various ApoE genotypes. Increased plasma ApoE may contribute to altered VLDL metabolism and to increased atherosclerosis susceptibility in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline H. van den Berg
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - James P. Corsetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P. F. Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Sarkar S, Kimono D, Albadrani M, Seth RK, Busbee P, Alghetaa H, Porter DE, Scott GI, Brooks B, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P, Chatterjee S. Environmental microcystin targets the microbiome and increases the risk of intestinal inflammatory pathology via NOX2 in underlying murine model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8742. [PMID: 31217465 PMCID: PMC6584534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With increased climate change pressures likely to influence harmful algal blooms, exposure to microcystin, a known hepatotoxin and a byproduct of cyanobacterial blooms can be a risk factor for NAFLD associated comorbidities. Using both in vivo and in vitro experiments we show that microcystin exposure in NAFLD mice cause rapid alteration of gut microbiome, rise in bacterial genus known for mediating gut inflammation and lactate production. Changes in the microbiome were strongly associated with inflammatory pathology in the intestine, gut leaching, tight junction protein alterations and increased oxidative tyrosyl radicals. Increased lactate producing bacteria from the altered microbiome was associated with increased NOX-2, an NADPH oxidase isoform. Activationof NOX2 caused inflammasome activation as shown by NLRP3/ASCII and NLRP3/Casp-1 colocalizations in these cells while use of mice lacking a crucial NOX2 component attenuated inflammatory pathology and redox changes. Mechanistically, NOX2 mediated peroxynitrite species were primary to inflammasome activation and release of inflammatory mediators. Thus, in conclusion, microcystin exposure in NAFLD could significantly alter intestinal pathology especially by the effects on microbiome and resultant redox status thus advancing our understanding of the co-existence of NAFLD-linked inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Sarkar
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Diana Kimono
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Muayad Albadrani
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Ratanesh K Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Philip Busbee
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, USA
| | - Hasan Alghetaa
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, USA
| | - Dwayne E Porter
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Geoff I Scott
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Bryan Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, USA
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.
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5
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van den Berg EH, Gruppen EG, James RW, Bakker SJL, Dullaart RPF. Serum paraoxonase 1 activity is paradoxically maintained in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease despite low HDL cholesterol. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:168-175. [PMID: 30455362 PMCID: PMC6314263 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p088997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by low HDL cholesterol, but the activity of the HDL-associated antioxidative enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) remains unclear. To determine the association of PON-1 with suspected NAFLD, we measured serum enzyme activity in 7,622 participants of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease cohort. A fatty liver index (FLI) ≥60, a proxy of NAFLD, was present in 2,083 participants (27.3%) and coincided with increased prevalence of T2D, metabolic syndrome (MetS), (central) obesity, elevated triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol (all P < 0.001). In men and women combined, serum PON-1 activity did not vary according to elevated FLI (P = 0.98), whereas in men with elevated FLI PON-1 activity was increased (P = 0.016). In multivariable linear regression analyses (adjusted for age, sex, T2D, MetS, alcohol use, and smoking), PON-1 activity was unexpectedly associated with elevated FLI (β = 0.083; P < 0.001). In a sensitivity analysis (n = 5,126) that excluded subjects with positive cardiovascular history, impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate, elevated urinary albumin excretion, and drug use, PON-1 activity was also independently associated with elevated FLI (β = 0.045; P = 0.017). These results indicate that PON-1 is paradoxically maintained and may even be increased in NAFLD despite inverse associations with metabolic disorders and low HDL cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline H van den Berg
- Departments of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eke G Gruppen
- Departments of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard W James
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Departments of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tête A, Gallais I, Imran M, Chevanne M, Liamin M, Sparfel L, Bucher S, Burel A, Podechard N, Appenzeller BMR, Fromenty B, Grova N, Sergent O, Lagadic-Gossmann D. Mechanisms involved in the death of steatotic WIF-B9 hepatocytes co-exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and ethanol: a possible key role for xenobiotic metabolism and nitric oxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:323-337. [PMID: 30268890 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that co-exposing pre-steatotic hepatocytes to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a carcinogenic environmental pollutant, and ethanol, favored cell death. Here, the intracellular mechanisms underlying this toxicity were studied. Steatotic WIF-B9 hepatocytes, obtained by a 48h-supplementation with fatty acids, were then exposed to B[a]P/ethanol (10 nM/5 mM, respectively) for 5 days. Nitric oxide (NO) was demonstrated to be a pivotal player in the cell death caused by the co-exposure in steatotic hepatocytes. Indeed, by scavenging NO, CPTIO treatment of co-exposed steatotic cells prevented not only the increase in DNA damage and cell death, but also the decrease in the activity of CYP1, major cytochrome P450s of B[a]P metabolism. This would then lead to an elevation of B[a]P levels, thus possibly suggesting a long-lasting stimulation of the transcription factor AhR. Besides, as NO can react with superoxide anion to produce peroxynitrite, a highly oxidative compound, the use of FeTPPS to inhibit its formation indicated its participation in DNA damage and cell death, further highlighting the important role of NO. Finally, a possible key role for AhR was pointed out by using its antagonist, CH-223191. Indeed it prevented the elevation of ADH activity, known to participate to the ethanol production of ROS, notably superoxide anion. The transcription factor, NFκB, known to be activated by ROS, was shown to be involved in the increase in iNOS expression. Altogether, these data strongly suggested cooperative mechanistic interactions between B[a]P via AhR and ethanol via ROS production, to favor cell death in the context of prior steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Tête
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Gallais
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Martine Chevanne
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Marie Liamin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Lydie Sparfel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Simon Bucher
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Burel
- Univ Rennes, Biosit - UMS 3480, US_S 018, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- HBRU, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Bernard Fromenty
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Grova
- HBRU, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Odile Sergent
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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7
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Nass KJ, van den Berg EH, Gruppen EG, Dullaart RPF. Plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and phospholipid transfer protein activity independently associate with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e12988. [PMID: 29947103 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent condition which contributes to atherogenic apolipoprotein B dyslipoproteinemias. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) are both synthesized by the liver and are important in lipid metabolism. Here, we interrogated the impact of NAFLD on plasma LCAT and PLTP activities. METHODS Plasma LCAT activity (exogenous substrate assay) and PLTP activity (phospholipid vesicles-HDL assay) were determined in 348 subjects (279 men; 81 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM); 123 with metabolic syndrome (MetS)). A Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥60 was used as a proxy of NAFLD. Insulin resistance was determined by homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). RESULTS A total of 147 participants had an FLI ≥60 coinciding with T2DM and MetS (P < 0.001 for each). Plasma LCAT activity and PLTP activity were on average 12% and 5% higher, respectively, in subjects with an FLI ≥ 60 (P < 0.001 for each). In age- and sex-adjusted partial linear regression analysis, LCAT activity and PLTP activity were positively related to various obesity measures and HOMA-IR (P < 0.001 for each). In multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex, LCAT activity was associated with an FLI ≥ 60 independent of T2DM and MetS, the waist/hip ratio, or HOMA-IR (β = 0.307 to 0.366, P < 0001 for all models). PLTP activity was also associated with an FLI ≥ 60 independent of these variables (β = 0.151 to 0223, P = 0.013 to 0.001). CONCLUSION NAFLD, as inferred from an FLI≥60, confers higher plasma LCAT and to a lesser extent PLTP activity, even when taking account of T2DM, MetS, central obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn J Nass
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eline H van den Berg
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eke G Gruppen
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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van den Berg EH, Gruppen EG, Ebtehaj S, Bakker SJL, Tietge UJF, Dullaart RPF. Cholesterol efflux capacity is impaired in subjects with an elevated Fatty Liver Index, a proxy of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Atherosclerosis 2018; 277:21-27. [PMID: 30170220 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) parallels the obesity epidemic and associates with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) represents a key metric of high density lipoprotein (HDL) function which may predict atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here we assessed the relationship of CEC with NAFLD. METHODS CEC was determined from THP-1 macrophage foam cells towards apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma among 639 subjects (454 men; 36 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D); 226 with MetS), participating in the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) study. A Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥ 60 was used as a proxy of NAFLD. RESULTS 372 participants had a FLI ≥60, which coincided with an increased prevalence of T2D and MetS (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001), as well as with central obesity, higher systolic blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and decreased HDL cholesterol (p < 0.001 for each). In multivariable linear regression analyses, CEC was inversely associated with an elevated FLI, when taking account of clinical covariates (fully adjusted model: β = -0.091, p = 0.043), and alternatively when taking account of systolic blood pressure, waist/hip ratio, glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and hsCRP (fully adjusted model: β = -0.103, p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Impaired CEC is associated with NAFLD, as inferred from a FLI≥60, even when taking account of lower HDL cholesterol and enhanced low-grade chronic inflammation. Reduced CEC could contribute to accelerated CVD in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline H van den Berg
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eke G Gruppen
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanam Ebtehaj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe J F Tietge
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Son CG. A juvenile case with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and traditional Korean medicine-based treatment. Integr Med Res 2018; 7:206-209. [PMID: 29989032 PMCID: PMC6035455 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the common cause leading to chronic liver diseases recently. Unlikely past humankind history, NAFLD is like a new illness especially in developed countries due to decreased number of hepatic virus carriers and increased population with obesity. Among subjects with NAFLD, development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a key pathological step which determines the clinical progression. This study reports a case of a boy who has suffered from NASH for 2 years. This study aims to discuss the clinical feature, risk aspect, and treatment strategy of NASH as well as potential of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Korea
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10
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Bucher S, Tête A, Podechard N, Liamin M, Le Guillou D, Chevanne M, Coulouarn C, Imran M, Gallais I, Fernier M, Hamdaoui Q, Robin MA, Sergent O, Fromenty B, Lagadic-Gossmann D. Co-exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and ethanol induces a pathological progression of liver steatosis in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5963. [PMID: 29654281 PMCID: PMC5899096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis (i.e. lipid accumulation) and steatohepatitis have been related to diverse etiologic factors, including alcohol, obesity, environmental pollutants. However, no study has so far analyzed how these different factors might interplay regarding the progression of liver diseases. The impact of the co-exposure to the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and the lifestyle-related hepatotoxicant ethanol, was thus tested on in vitro models of steatosis (human HepaRG cell line; hybrid human/rat WIF-B9 cell line), and on an in vivo model (obese zebrafish larvae). Steatosis was induced prior to chronic treatments (14, 5 or 7 days for HepaRG, WIF-B9 or zebrafish, respectively). Toxicity and inflammation were analyzed in all models; the impact of steatosis and ethanol towards B[a]P metabolism was studied in HepaRG cells. Cytotoxicity and expression of inflammation markers upon co-exposure were increased in all steatotic models, compared to non steatotic counterparts. A change of B[a]P metabolism with a decrease in detoxification was detected in HepaRG cells under these conditions. A prior steatosis therefore enhanced the toxicity of B[a]P/ethanol co-exposure in vitro and in vivo; such a co-exposure might favor the appearance of a steatohepatitis-like state, with the development of inflammation. These deleterious effects could be partly explained by B[a]P metabolism alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bucher
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Arnaud Tête
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Marie Liamin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Dounia Le Guillou
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Martine Chevanne
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Cédric Coulouarn
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Gallais
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Morgane Fernier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Quentin Hamdaoui
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Anne Robin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Odile Sergent
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Bernard Fromenty
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) - UMR_S 1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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