1
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Zhang S, Liu Y, Javeed A, Jian C, Sun J, Wu S, Han B. Treatment of allergy: Overview of synthetic anti-allergy small molecules in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115151. [PMID: 36731273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases has been continuously increasing over the past few decades, affecting approximately 20-30% of the global population. Allergic reactions to infection of respiratory tract, digestive tract, and skin system involve multiple different targets. The main difficulty of anti-allergy research is how to develop drugs with good curative effect and less side effects by adopting new multi-targets and mechanisms according to the clinical characteristics of different allergic populations and different allergens. This review focuses on information concerning potential therapeutic targets as well as the synthetic anti-allergy small molecules with respect to their medicinal chemistry. The structure-activity relationship and the mechanism of compound-target interaction were highlighted with perspective to histamine-1/4 receptor antagonists, leukotriene biosynthesis, Th2 cytokines inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers. We hope that the study of chemical scaffold modification and optimization for different lead compounds summarized in this review not only lays the foundation for improvement of success rate and efficiency of virtual screening of antiallergic drugs, but also can provide valuable reference for the drug design of related promising research such as allergy, inflammation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Antiallergy Functional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., LTD., Hangzhou, China
| | - Ansar Javeed
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Antiallergy Functional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Cuiqin Jian
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Antiallergy Functional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jinlyu Sun
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shandong Wu
- Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., LTD., Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingnan Han
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Antiallergy Functional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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2
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Taimoory SM, Yu X, Beyeh NK, Nasri S, Trant JF. Divalent Benzimidazolium-Based Axles for Self-Reporting Pseudorotaxanes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15783-15795. [PMID: 36377941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mono- and (bis)benzimidazoliums were evaluated both experimentally and computationally for their potential as pseudopolyrotaxane axle building blocks. Their aggregation and photophysical behavior, along with their potential to form a [2]pseudorotaxane with dibenzyl-24-crown-8, was studied through the synergistic application of 1D/2D and diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory. Their photophysical behavior was measured and modeled as a function of protonation state, solvent, and concentration. The axles show strong solvochromaticism and a very pronounced concentration-dependent optical profile, including self-quenching when a pseudorotaxane is formed. This axle with multiple recognition sites has the potential to form pseudorotaxanes with tunable optical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maryamdokht Taimoory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., 2006B, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
| | - Sarah Nasri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - John F Trant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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3
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Fasiuddin G, Liakath Ali Khan F, Sakthivel S, Muthu S, Irfan A. Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Molecular Docking and inhibitory activity of 6-Bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole- a DFT approach. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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4
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Ali IH, Abdel-Mohsen HT, Mounier MM, Abo-elfadl MT, El Kerdawy AM, Ghannam IA. Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel 2-Arylbenzimidazole/2-Thiopyrimidines and 2-Thioquinazolin-4(3H)-ones Conjugates as Targeted RAF and VEGFR-2 Kinases Inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105883. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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5
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Veerasamy R, Roy A, Karunakaran R, Rajak H. Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis of Benzimidazoles as Emerging Anti-Inflammatory Agents: An Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070663. [PMID: 34358089 PMCID: PMC8308831 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant number of the anti-inflammatory drugs currently in use are becoming obsolete. These are exceptionally hazardous for long-term use because of their possible unfavourable impacts. Subsequently, in the ebb-and-flow decade, analysts and researchers are engaged in developing new anti-inflammatory drugs, and many such agents are in the later phases of clinical trials. Molecules with heterocyclic nuclei are similar to various natural antecedents, thus acquiring immense consideration from scientific experts and researchers. The arguably most adaptable heterocyclic cores are benzimidazoles containing nitrogen in a bicyclic scaffold. Numerous benzimidazole drugs are broadly used in the treatment of numerous diseases, showing promising therapeutic potential. Benzimidazole derivatives exert anti-inflammatory effects mainly by interacting with transient receptor potential vanilloid-1, cannabinoid receptors, bradykinin receptors, specific cytokines, 5-lipoxygenase activating protein and cyclooxygenase. Literature on structure–activity relationship (SAR) and investigations of benzimidazoles highlight that the substituent’s tendency and position on the benzimidazole ring significantly contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity. Reported SAR analyses indicate that substitution at the N1, C2, C5 and C6 positions of the benzimidazole scaffold greatly influence the anti-inflammatory activity. For example, benzimidazole substituted with anacardic acid on C2 inhibits COX-2, and 5-carboxamide or sulfamoyl or sulfonyl benzimidazole antagonises the cannabinoid receptor, whereas the C2 diarylamine and C3 carboxamide substitution of the benzimidazole scaffold result in antagonism of the bradykinin receptor. In this review, we examine the insights regarding the SARs of anti-inflammatory benzimidazole compounds, which will be helpful for researchers in designing and developing potential anti-inflammatory drugs to target inflammation-promoting enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Veerasamy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | | | - Harish Rajak
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur 495009, India;
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6
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Soselia M, Lomidze M, Tabatadze T, Zurabishvili D, Trapaidze M, Samsoniya S. Synthesis of Novel N-(R)-2-(1-Adamantyl)-1H-Benzimidazole-5(6)- Carboxamide, Carbohydrazide and 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives. LETT ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178617999200812134408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of benzimidazole-5(6)-carboxamide 3a-g, carbohydrazide 5a-e and 1,3,4-
oxadiazole 6a-g derivatives bearing adamantane moiety were synthesized. The synthesis of benzimidazole
heterocycle was performed by direct condensation/cyclization reaction of 1-
adamantanecarboxylic acid with methyl 3,4-diaminobenzoate in Trimethylsilyl Polyphosphate (PPSE).
The obtained Methyl 2-(1-adamantyl)-1H-benzimidazole-5(6)-carboxylate was converted to desired
carboxamide and carbohydrazide derivatives in two different ways. In the first case, the synthesized ester
after hydrolysis was converted to an acid chloride and subsequently coupled with different aromatic
and heterocycle amines to give carboxamide derivatives. In the second case, treatment with hydrazine
hydrate gave corresponding 2-(1-adamantyl)-1H-benzimidazole-5(6)-carbohydrazide which was coupled
with some acyl chlorides to give appropriate carbohydrazide derivatives and with some aromatic
acids to give 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Soselia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi,Georgia
| | - Medea Lomidze
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi,Georgia
| | - Tamar Tabatadze
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi,Georgia
| | - Davit Zurabishvili
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi,Georgia
| | - Marina Trapaidze
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi,Georgia
| | - Shota Samsoniya
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi,Georgia
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7
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Aroua LM. Novel Mixed Complexes Derived from Benzoimidazolphenylethanamine and
4-(Benzoimidazol-2-yl)aniline: Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial
Evaluation and Theoretical Prediction of Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2020.22472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Benzoimidazolphenylethanamine (BPE) has been synthesized using condensation reaction from
o-phenyldiamine and L-phenylalanine. Some metal complexes have been synthesized from
4-(benzoimidazol-2-yl)aniline, benzoimidazolylphenylethanamine and cadmium(II), tin(II), copper(II)
and nickel(II) metal in a molar ratio (1:1:1). All new metal complexes were characterized by
spectroscopic data of FTIR, UV-visible electronic absorption, X-ray powder diffraction and thermal
analysis. Spectra analysis of the mixed metal complexes showed the coordination of ligands to the
metal ions via nitrogen atoms. The XRD powder showed that metal complexes have a monoclinic
system. The preliminary tested in vitro antibacterial activities of Sn(II) complex was assayed against
four bacterial isolates namely Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive,
Pseudomonas aerugmosa and Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi M. Aroua
- 1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Campus University, King Abdulaziz Road, P.O.Box: 6644, Buraydah, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2Laboratory of Organic Structural Chemistry & Macromolecules, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El-Manar University, El Manar I 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
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8
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Kashid BB, Ghanwat AA, Khedkar VM, Dongare BB, Shaikh MH, Deshpande PP, Wakchaure YB. Design, Synthesis,
In Vitro
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of Novel Benzimidazole and Benzoxazole Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat B. Kashid
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical SciencesSolapur University Solapur MS 413255 India
| | - Anil A. Ghanwat
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical SciencesSolapur University Solapur MS 413255 India
| | - Vijay M. Khedkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryShri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy Dhule MS 424001 India
| | - Balasaheb B. Dongare
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical SciencesSolapur University Solapur MS 413255 India
| | - Mubarak H. Shaikh
- Department of ChemistryDr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad MS 431004 India
| | - Prathmesh P. Deshpande
- Department of ChemistryDr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad MS 431004 India
| | - Yogesh B. Wakchaure
- Department of ChemistryDr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad MS 431004 India
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9
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Sharma S, Bhattacherjee D, Das P. Oxalic/malonic acids as carbon building blocks for benzazole, quinazoline and quinazolinone synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1337-1342. [PMID: 29393937 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob03064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxalic/malonic acids as CH/C2H3 carbon building blocks for the synthesis of 2-substituted and un-substituted benzazoles, quinazolines and quinazolinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Sharma
- Natural product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Dhananjay Bhattacherjee
- Natural product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Pralay Das
- Natural product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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10
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Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic studies of two new benzimidazole derivatives: A comparative study. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Łukowska-Chojnacka E, Wińska P, Wielechowska M, Poprzeczko M, Bretner M. Synthesis of novel polybrominated benzimidazole derivatives-potential CK2 inhibitors with anticancer and proapoptotic activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:735-41. [PMID: 26778657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The efficient method for the synthesis of novel cell permeable inhibitors of protein kinase CK2 with anticancer and proapoptotic activity has been developed. A series of polybrominated benzimiadazole derivatives substituted by various cyanoalkyl groups have been synthesized. Cyanoethyl derivatives were obtained by Michael type addition of 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (TBBi) and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole to acrylonitrile, whilst cyanomethyl, cyanopropyl and cyanobutyl analogs by N-alkylation of 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole with appropriate cyanoalkyl halides. The inhibitory activity against protein kinase rhCK2α catalytic subunit and cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines: acute lymphocytic leukemia (CCRF-CEM) and breast (MCF-7) were evaluated for all newly synthesized compounds. Additionally, the proapoptotic activity toward leukemia cells and intracellular inhibition of CK2 for the most cytotoxic derivatives have been performed, demonstrating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole as a new selective inhibitor of rhCK2 with twenty-fold better proapoptotic activity than parental compound (TBBi).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Łukowska-Chojnacka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Wińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Wielechowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Poprzeczko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Bretner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Łukowska-Chojnacka E, Bretner M. Synthesis of 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1 H-benzimidazole Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Łukowska-Chojnacka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego St. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Maria Bretner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego St. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
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13
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Zurabishvili DS, Bukia TJ, Lomidze MO, Trapaidze MV, Elizbarashvili EN, Samsoniya SA, Doroshenko TV, Kazmaier U. Preparation of 2-(1-adamantyl)-1H-benzimidazole and novel derivatives thereof. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-015-1671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Liu WQ, Megale V, Borriello L, Leforban B, Montès M, Goldwaser E, Gresh N, Piquemal JP, Hadj-Slimane R, Hermine O, Garbay C, Raynaud F, Lepelletier Y, Demange L. Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of non-peptidic antagonists of neuropilin-1 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Wanka L, Iqbal K, Schreiner PR. The lipophilic bullet hits the targets: medicinal chemistry of adamantane derivatives. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3516-604. [PMID: 23432396 PMCID: PMC3650105 DOI: 10.1021/cr100264t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Wanka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Fax +49(641)9934309
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314-6399, USA
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314-6399, USA
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Fax +49(641)9934309
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16
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Pharmacological evaluation of benzimidazole derivatives with potential antiviral and antitumor activity. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel 2-phenyl benzimidazole-1-acetamide derivatives as potential anthelmintic agents. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA 2011; 61:353-61. [PMID: 21945914 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-011-0029-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes synthesis of a series of 2-phenyl benzimidazole-1-acetamide derivatives and their evaluation for anthelmintic activity using Indian adult earthworms, Pheretima posthuma. The structure of the title compounds was elucidated by elemental analysis and spectral data. The compounds 4-({[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]acetyl}amino) benzoic acid (3a), N-ethyl-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3c), N-benzyl-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3d), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3f), 2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-phenyl acetamide (3h), 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N'-phenylacetohydrazide (3k), 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-(4-nitrophenyl) acetamide (3n) and 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-phenyl acetamide (3q) were found better to paralyze worms whereas N-ethyl-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3c), N-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3e), 4-({[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetyl}amino) benzoic acid (3j), 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-ethyl acetamide (31) and 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-phenyl acetamide (3q) were better to cause death of worms compared to the anthelmintic drug albendazole.
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18
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Keurulainen L, Salin O, Siiskonen A, Kern JM, Alvesalo J, Kiuru P, Maass M, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Vuorela P. Design and synthesis of 2-arylbenzimidazoles and evaluation of their inhibitory effect against Chlamydia pneumoniae. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7664-74. [PMID: 20932010 DOI: 10.1021/jm1008083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae is an intracellular bacterium that responds poorly to antibiotic treatment. Insufficient antibiotic usage leads to chronic infection, which is linked to disease processes of asthma, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. The Chlamydia research lacks genetic tools exploited by other antimicrobial research, and thus other approaches to drug discovery must be applied. A set of 2-arylbenzimidazoles was designed based on our earlier findings, and 33 derivatives were synthesized. Derivatives were assayed against C. pneumoniae strain CWL-029 in an acute infection model using TR-FIA method at a concentration of 10 μM, and the effects of the derivatives on the host cell viability were evaluated at the same concentration. Fourteen compounds showed at least 80% inhibition, with only minor changes in host cell viability. Nine most potential compounds were evaluated using immunofluorescence microscopy on two different strains of C. pneumoniae CWL-029 and CV-6. The N-[3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-3-methylbenzamide (42) had minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10 μM against CWL-029 and 6.3 μM against the clinical strain CV-6. This study shows the high antichlamydial potential of 2-arylbenzimidazoles, which also seem to have good characteristics for lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Keurulainen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56 Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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19
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Peña-Hueso A, Téllez F, Vieto-Peña R, Esquivel RO, Esparza-Ruiz A, Ramos-García I, Contreras R, Barba-Behrens N, Flores-Parra A. Synthesis and structure of dithiocarbonimidates derived from aromatic heterocycles: Role of weak interactions in the preferred conformation. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Song H, Oh SR, Lee HK, Han G, Kim JH, Chang HW, Doh KE, Rhee HK, Choo HYP. Synthesis and evaluation of benzoxazole derivatives as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:7580-5. [PMID: 20870413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is important enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, and is a potential target in the treatment of asthma and allergy. We designed and synthesized a series of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles as 5-LOX inhibitors. Fourteen compounds prepared showed the inhibition of LTC4 formation with IC(50) value of 0.12-23.88 μM. Also two compounds 2d and 2g showed improved airway hypersensitiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunmin Song
- School of pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
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21
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Acetic acid-promoted condensation of o-phenylenediamine with aldehydes into 2-aryl-1-(arylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazoles under microwave irradiation. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2010. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc090901096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and simple procedure was developed for the green synthesis of various 2-aryl-1-(arylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazoles in high yields by acetic acid-promoted condensation of o-phenylenediamine with aldehydes in air under microwave irradiation and transition metal catalystfree conditions.
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22
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Kumar A, Maurya RA, Saxena D. Diversity-oriented synthesis of benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole and quinazolin-4(3H)-one libraries via potassium persulfate-CuSO4-mediated oxidative coupling reactions of aldehydes in aqueous micelles. Mol Divers 2009; 14:331-41. [PMID: 19578945 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Libraries of 2-substituted-benzimidazoles, benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles as well as quinazolin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized via potassium persulfate-CuSO(4)-mediated oxidative coupling of aldehydes with o-phenylenediamines, o-aminophenols, o-aminothiophenols, and anthranilamide, respectively, in aqueous micelles. The strategy opens a way for rapid generation of libraries of small heterocycles for biological screening. The reagent is commercially available, cheap, and highly chemoselective. The yields were superior in aqueous micelles to those in organic solvents. Short reaction times, large-scale synthesis, excellent chemoselectivity, excellent yields, as well as environmental friendliness are the main advantages of this diversity-oriented synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India.
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23
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Ishikawa M, Ninomiya T, Akabane H, Kushida N, Tsujiuchi G, Ohyama M, Gomi S, Shito K, Murata T. Pseurotin A and its analogues as inhibitors of immunoglobulin E [correction of immunoglobuline E] production. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1457-60. [PMID: 19179074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A natural product, pseurotin A inhibits IgE production in vitro. Wide variety of chemical modification of pseurotin A was performed. Structure-activity relationship studies of pseurotin analogues elucidated that 10-deoxypseurotin A strongly inhibits IgE production with IC(50) of 0.066 microM. An immunosuppressive activity of another natural product, synerazol was also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Ishikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., 760 Morooka-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 222-8567, Japan
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24
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Lim HJ, Myung D, Lee IYC, Jung MH. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Benzimidazoles, Benzoxazoles, and Benzothiazoles from Resin-Bound Esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 10:501-3. [DOI: 10.1021/cc800053p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jong Lim
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Do Myung
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Ihl Young Choi Lee
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Jung
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
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25
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Banie H, Sinha A, Thomas RJ, Sircar JC, Richards ML. 2-phenylimidazopyridines, a new series of Golgi compounds with potent antiviral activity. J Med Chem 2007; 50:5984-93. [PMID: 17973358 DOI: 10.1021/jm0704907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Drugs targeted to viral proteins are highly vulnerable to the development of resistant strains. We previously characterized a group of 2-phenylbenzimidazole compounds for their activity against allergy and asthma and more recently established the Golgi as their probable site of action. Herein we describe their activity against the propagation of several virus types through an action on the host cell. The most potent derivatives are the novel 2-phenylimidazopyridines, the lead compound of which is highly effective for blocking the spread of topical herpes infection in an animal model. These agents may provide an alternative antiviral approach, particularly for treating resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homayon Banie
- Avanir Pharmaceuticals, 101 Enterprise, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA
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26
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Lio SC, Johnson J, Chatterjee A, Ludwig JW, Millis D, Banie H, Sircar JC, Sinha A, Richards ML. Disruption of Golgi processing by 2-phenyl benzimidazole analogs blocks cell proliferation and slows tumor growth. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007; 61:1045-58. [PMID: 17690881 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-007-0564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer chemotherapy continues to be challenged by the emergence of resistant tumors, and one organelle entwined in the development of drug resistance is the Golgi apparatus. Recently, we discovered a group of 2-(substituted phenyl)-benzimidazole (2-PB) compounds that displace resident Golgi proteins from the juxtanuclear region resulting in their degradation. These compounds are also potent anti-proliferative agents, which together with their action on the Golgi made a compelling case for testing them against cancer. METHODS The anti-tumor activity of a group of 2-PB compounds was examined both in vitro and in vivo. The role of the Golgi in the anti-proliferative effect was assessed by comparing the proliferation of individual cell lines with the distribution and total cellular expression of selected resident Golgi proteins. RESULTS The anti-proliferative activity of 2-PB compounds is partially reversible (time- and concentration-dependent), non-cell-cycle-specific, and translates to tumor growth inhibition in vivo. While 2-PB compounds displace resident Golgi proteins from the juxtanuclear region in all cells, those that are resistant to the anti-proliferative effects differ from sensitive cells in that they have the capacity to protect these Golgi proteins from degradation. CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate the utility of targeting the Golgi for cancer drug development. They also reveal a cellular strategy for resisting 2-PB drug effects through protection of displaced Golgi proteins from degradation thus allowing their continued function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Cruz Lio
- Avanir Pharmaceuticals, 101 Enterprise, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA
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