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Güven O, Menteşe E, Emirik M, Sökmen BB, Akyüz G. Benzimidazolone-piperazine/triazole/thiadiazole/furan/thiophene conjugates: Synthesis, in vitro urease inhibition, and in silico molecular docking studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300336. [PMID: 37612782 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis, in vitro urease inhibition, and molecular docking studies of benzimidazolone derivatives incorporating the piperazine, triazole, thiadiazole, furan, thiophene, and thiosemicarbazide moieties. All newly synthesized compounds demonstrated varying degrees of urease inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging between 0.64 ± 0.099 and 0.11 ± 0.017 µM, when compared with the standard drug thiourea (IC50 value of 0.51 ± 0.028 µM). To confirm the experimental urease inhibition results and elucidate the mode of interaction of the synthesized compounds with the binding site of the urease enzyme, molecular docking studies were performed using the Schrödinger Suite package. Molecular docking studies showed that compounds with high in vitro urease inhibition interacted with key residues of the urease active site such as His221, Glu222, Asp223, His322, Arg338, and Ni2+ cations via hydrogen bonding, metal coordination, salt bridge, π-π stacking, and π-cation interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Güven
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Emre Menteşe
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Emirik
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Bahar Bilgin Sökmen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Gülay Akyüz
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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2
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Chalkappa PKB, Aralihalli S, Sudileti M, Aithal SJ, Praveen BM, Birjadar K. The medicinal panorama of benzimidazoles and their scaffolds as anticancer and antithrombotic agents: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300206. [PMID: 37440107 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds have become a prospective pharmacophore with therapeutic importance due to their biological similarities with natural and synthetic drugs. Among all nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, benzimidazoles and their derivatives are privileged molecules structurally akin to naturally available nucleotides, enabling them to intercommunicate with numerous biopolymers in biological systems. This reason enlightens modern researchers worldwide to assess their potential significance in the context of synthetic and biological chemistry. Therefore, it is crucial to merge the latest data with the prior documentation to apprehend the ongoing situation of the benzimidazole moiety in various therapeutic zones of research. The current work displays that the benzimidazole center is a versatile nucleus that offers the necessary data of synthetic alterations for pre-existing compounds to provide new scaffolds to resist numerous therapeutic sectors, including those associated with anticancer and antithrombosis. Due to the potential significance of benzimidazoles, this review aims to emphasize the latest innovations in synthesizing several other notable benzimidazole substrates and their significant pharmacological prospects for the future, including anticancer and antithrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudhakara Aralihalli
- Department of Chemistry, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Banglore, Karnataka, India
| | - Murali Sudileti
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Kedarnath Birjadar
- Department of Chemistry, Srinivas University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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3
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IŞIK A, Acar Çevik U, Çelik I, Bostancı HE, Karayel A, Gündoğdu G, Ince U, Koçak A, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Benzimidazole-hydrazone derivatives: Synthesis, in vitro anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities, in silico DFT and ADMET studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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4
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Anandaraj P, Ramesh R, Malecki JG. Direct Synthesis of Benzimidazoles by Pd(II) N^N^S-Pincer Type Complexes via Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols with Diamines. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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5
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Preinerová K, Puchoňová M, Schoeller M, Kuchtanin V, Molnárová N, Kryštofová S, Mazúr M, Iľko I, Peterková V, Moncol J. Synthesis, characterization, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and the study of antimicrobial, and acaricidal properties of copper(II) complexes with 2-(hydroxymethyl)benzimidazole ligand. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Zalaru C, Dumitrascu F, Draghici C, Tarcomnicu I, Marinescu M, Nitulescu GM, Tatia R, Moldovan L, Popa M, Chifiriuc MC. New Pyrazolo-Benzimidazole Mannich Bases with Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081094. [PMID: 36009963 PMCID: PMC9405415 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of pyrazolo-benzimidazole hybrid Mannich bases were synthesized, characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, UV-Vis, MS, and elemental analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity of the new compounds studied on fibroblast cells showed that the newly synthesized pyrazolo-benzimidazole hybrid derivatives were noncytotoxic until the concentration of 1 μM and two compounds presented a high degree of biocompatibility. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the newly synthesized compounds was assayed on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Escherichia coli ATCC25922 strains. All synthesized compounds 5a–g are more active against all three tested bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, and Escherichia coli ATCC25922 than reference drugs (Metronidazole, Nitrofurantoin), with the exception of compounds 5d and 5g, which are less active compared to Nitrofurantoin, and all synthesized compounds 5a–g are more active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 compared to reference drugs (Metronidazole, Nitrofurantoin). Compound 5f showed the best activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, with a MIC of 150 μg/mL and has also inhibited the biofilm formed by all the bacterial strains, having an MBIC of 310 µg/mL compared to the reference drugs (Metronidazole, Nitrofurantoin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Zalaru
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Road, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Florea Dumitrascu
- “C.D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry Romanian Academy, 202 B Spl. Independentei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Draghici
- “C.D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry Romanian Academy, 202 B Spl. Independentei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Isabela Tarcomnicu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, No. 1 Dr. Calistrat Grozovici Street, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
- Cytogenomic Medical Laboratory, 35 Calea Floreasca, 014462 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Marinescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Road, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Tatia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independenţei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucia Moldovan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independenţei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marcela Popa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Aleea Portocalelor St., 60101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Aleea Portocalelor St., 60101 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientist, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Kumar Pasala V, Gudipudi G, Sankeshi V, Basude M, Gundla R, Singh Jadav S, Srinivas B, Yadaiah Goud E, Nareshkumar D. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of selective hybrid coumarin-thiazolidinedione aldose reductase-II inhibitors as potential antidiabetics. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:104970. [PMID: 34120026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiazolidinediones (TZD), benzopyrans are the proven scaffolds for inhibiting Aldose reductase (ALR2) activity and their structural confluence with the retention of necessary fragments helped in designing a series of hybrid compounds 2-(5-cycloalkylidene-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3-yl)-N-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)acetamide (10a-n) for better ALR2 inhibition. The compounds were synthesized by treating substituted 3-(N-bromoacetyl amino)coumarins (9a-d) with potassium salt of 5-cyclo alkylidene-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-diones (4a-d). The inhibition activity against ALR2 with IC50 values range from 0.012 ± 0.001 to 0.056 ± 0.007 μM. N-[(6-Bromo-3-coumarinyl)-2-(5-cyclopentylidene-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3-yl)] acetamide (10c) with cyclopentylidene group on one end and the 6-bromo group on the other end showed better inhibitory property (IC50 = 0.012 μM) and selectivity index (324.166) against the ALR2, a forty fold superiority over sorbinil, a better molecule over epalrestat and rest of the analogues exhibited a far superior response over sorbinil and slightly better as compared with epalrestat. It was further confirmed by the insilico studies that compound 10c showed best inhibition activity among the synthesized compounds with a high selectivity index against the ALR2. In invivo experiments, supplementation of compound 10c to STZ induced rats delayed the progression of cataract in a dose-dependent manner warranting its further development as a potential agent to treat thediabetic secondary complications especially cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Pasala
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad (T.S) 500 007, India.
| | - Gopinath Gudipudi
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad (T.S) 500 007, India
| | - Venu Sankeshi
- Department of Biophysics, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad (T.S) 500 007, India
| | - Manohar Basude
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad (T.S) 500 007, India
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad (T.S) 502 102, India
| | - Surendar Singh Jadav
- Centre for Molecular Cancer Research, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (VIPER), Narsapur, Medak 502313, India
| | - Burra Srinivas
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad (T.S) 500 007, India
| | - E Yadaiah Goud
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad (T.S) 500 007, India
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Das S, Maity S, Ghosh P, Dutta A. The ninhydrin core as carbonyl source to access 2-(2′-hydroxyaryl)benzimidazoles exploiting the ortho selectivity of ninhydrin-phenol adducts. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1960379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suven Das
- Department of Chemistry, Rishi Bankim Chandra College for Women, Naihati, India
| | - Suvendu Maity
- Department of Chemistry, R K Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata, India
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, R K Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata, India
| | - Arpita Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Rishi Bankim Chandra Evening College, Naihati, India
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9
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Çiftçi G, Temel HE, Yurttaş L. Apoptotic Effect of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing Pyridyl/Pyrimidinyl Piperazine Moiety. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1780-1792. [PMID: 34238172 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210708095110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzimidazole derivatives bearing pyridyl/pyrimidinyl piperazine moiety has attracted attention in medicinal chemistry and modern drug discovery since it exhibited a variety of biological activities, including anticancer activity. OBJECTIVE In this study, we have designed and synthesized novel 1-[2-oxo-2-(4-substituted phenyl)ethyl]benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl 4-(2-pyridyl/pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazine-1-carbodithioate derivatives (2a-m). We also investigated their anticancer activities against A549 lung adenocarcinoma and C6 rat glioma cell lines and selectivity against NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines. Cholinesterase inhibition effects of these compounds were also measured to investigate the relationship between anticancer activity and cholinesterases. METHOD The cytotoxic activities of these acquired thirteen final compounds were screened using MTT assay on A549, C6, and NIH/3T3 cell lines. Cell proliferation ELISA, BRDU (colorimetric) assay was used for measuring proliferation in replicative cells in which DNA synthesis occurs. Flow cytometric analysis was used for measuring apoptotic cell percentages, caspase 3 activity, and mitochondrial membrane depolarised cell percentages. RESULTS Compounds 2e, 2f, and 2k have been established as the most active antitumor agents with selective cytotoxicities (76.58±6.43, 55.13±5.75, and 32.94±3.02 µM respectively for A549; 86.48±3.60, 97.12±30.21, and 59.29±3.95 µM respectively for C6), high DNA synthesis inhibition rates and high apoptotic cell percentages on both cell lines. CONCLUSION The results have shown that compounds 2e, 2f, and 2k have potential anticancer agents against A549 and C6 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Çiftçi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Halide Edip Temel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Leyla Yurttaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey
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10
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Fotsing MCD, Njamen D, Tanee Fomum Z, Ndinteh DT. Synthesis of biologically active heterocyclic compounds from allenic and acetylenic nitriles and related compounds. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2020-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cyclic and polycyclic compounds containing moieties such as imidazole, pyrazole, isoxazole, thiazoline, oxazine, indole, benzothiazole and benzoxazole benzimidazole are prized molecules because of the various pharmaceutical properties that they display. This led Prof. Landor and co-workers to engage in the synthesis of several of them such as alkylimidazolenes, oxazolines, thiazolines, pyrimidopyrimidines, pyridylpyrazoles, benzoxazines, quinolines, pyrimidobenzimidazoles and pyrimidobenzothiazolones. This review covers the synthesis of biologically active heterocyclic compounds by the Michael addition and the double Michael addition of various amines and diamines on allenic nitriles, acetylenic nitriles, hydroxyacetylenic nitriles, acetylenic acids and acetylenic aldehydes. The heterocycles were obtained in one step reaction and in most cases, did not give side products. A brief discussion on the biological activities of some heterocycles is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Carine Djuidje Fotsing
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein Campus, P.O. BOX 17011 , Johannesburg , 2028 , South Africa
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology , University of Yaoundé I, Faculty of Sciences , P.O. Box , 812 Yaoundé , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Zacharias Tanee Fomum
- Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Yaoundé I, Faculty of Sciences , P.O. Box , 812 Yaoundé , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein Campus, P.O. BOX 17011 , Johannesburg , 2028 , South Africa
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11
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A computational study on the complexation of bisbenzimidazolyl derivatives with cucurbituril and cyclohexylcucurbituril. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Küçükbay H, Uçkun M, Apohan E, Yeşilada Ö. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential of benzimidazole derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100076. [PMID: 33872394 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
New benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic and microanalysis techniques. The cytotoxic properties of ten benzimidazole derivatives, five of which were synthesized in our previous studies, were determined against the lung cancer cell line, A549, and the healthy lung epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B. Among the ten compounds tested, based on the 72-h incubation results, compound 12 was the most cytotoxic against the A549 cell line, whereas against the BEAS-2B cell line, it was as cytotoxic as cisplatin. The IC50 values of compound 12 were 3.98 and 2.94 µg/ml for A549 and BEAS-2B cells, respectively. The cisplatin values were 6.75 and 2.75 µg/ml for A549 and BEAS-2B cells, respectively. Compounds 10, 8, 7, and 13 showed toxic effects against A549 cells, but were less toxic against BEAS-2B cells than cisplatin. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds against pathogenic bacteria and yeasts was also evaluated based on their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The compounds, except 12 and 13, generally showed higher antimicrobial activity against yeasts, compared with bacteria. Compound 12 showed better activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus than against Escherichia coli. Compounds 7, 8, and 11 were the most effective ones against the microorganisms, and yeasts were highly sensitive to these compounds with MIC values of 25-100 µg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Küçükbay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Uçkun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Elif Apohan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Özfer Yeşilada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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Qu Z, Zhu H, Zhukova NA, Katsyuba SA, Mamedov VA, Grimme S. Mechanistic Insights for Acid‐catalyzed Rearrangement of Quinoxalin‐2‐one with Diamine and Enamine. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng‐Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of Bonn Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Hui Zhu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of Bonn Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Nataliya A. Zhukova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Sergey A. Katsyuba
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Vakhid A. Mamedov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of Bonn Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
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Akhtar MJ, Yar MS, Sharma VK, Khan AA, Ali Z, Haider MDR, Pathak A. Recent Progress of Benzimidazole Hybrids for Anticancer Potential. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:5970-6014. [PMID: 31393240 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190808122929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the detailed account of factors leading to cancer and design strategy for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The recent survey for cancer treatment in Cancer facts and figures 2017 American Chemical Society has shown progressive development in fighting cancer. Researchers all over the world in both developed and developing countries are in a continuous effort to tackle this serious concern. Benzimidazole and its derivatives showed a broad range of biological activities due to their resemblance with naturally occurring nitrogenous base i.e. purine. The review discussed benzimidazole derivatives showing anticancer properties through a different mechanism viz. intercalation, alkylating agents, topoisomerases, DHFR enzymes, and tubulin inhibitors. Benzimidazole derivatives act through a different mechanism and the substituents reported from the earlier and recent research articles are prerequisites for the synthesis of targeted based benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The review focuses on an easy comparison of the substituent essential for potency and selectivity through SAR presented in figures. This will further provide a better outlook or fulfills the challenges faced in the development of novel benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T. Road MOGA-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, NH58, Partapur Bypass Meerut-250103, India
| | - Ahsan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Zulphikar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - M D Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Ankita Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
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15
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Yurttaş L, Çiftçi GA, Aksoy MO, Demirayak Ş. Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives: Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Properties on Lung Cancer Cell Line. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999200513091613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Benzimidazole derivatives are privileged molecules known to have a wide
variety of biological activities. In medicinal chemistry, due to the ring’s structural similarity to nucleotides,
its derivatives were investigated as new chemotherapeutic agents. Our research group
have been studying 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles, including thiocarbamoyl group and their potential
anticancer activity. Based on previous findings, we synthesized novel 1-[2-(4-substituted
phenyl-2-oxoethyl)]-2-[(2/3/4-substituted phenylpiperidin-1-yl)thiocarbamoyl]benzimidazole derivatives
(3a-o).
Methods:
The obtained fifteen derivatives were studied on A549 adenocarcinomic human alveolar
basal epithelial cell line and mouse L929 fibroblastic cell line to determine their cytotoxic activity.
These compounds were also investigated to identify their apoptotic properties.
Results and Discussion:
The structures of the compounds based on three different groups differ
from each other with the phenyl substituents bonded to the piperazine ring. All of the compounds
showed remarkable antitumor activity, but the first five compounds bearing non-substituted phenyl
moiety exhibited selective cytotoxicity when compared in terms of potencies to the normal cell line.
Conclusion:
Compounds 3j, 3m and 3n were identified as the most apoptotic derivatives; however,
compounds 3e and 3h provoked apoptosis with the percentages of 10.6 and 10.9% and selective cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Yurttaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Gülşen Akalin Çiftçi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Onur Aksoy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Vaidya A, Pathak D, Shah K. 1,3,4‐oxadiazole and its derivatives: A review on recent progress in anticancer activities. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:572-591. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University Mathura UP India
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Ibrahim HA, Refaat HM. Versatile mechanisms of 2-substituted benzimidazoles in targeted cancer therapy. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this review is to provide an overview on diverse anticancer activities of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives.
Main body
This review provides a correlation between the various mechanisms of action of benzimidazoles as anticancer and the substitution pattern around the nucleus.
Conclusion
The linker group and substitution at N-1, C-2, C-5, and C-6 positions have been found to be the most contributory factors for anticancer activity. This will help in the further design to afford more selective, potent, and multi-target anticancer of 2-substituted benzimidazole-based compounds.
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Karadayi FZ, Yaman M, Kisla MM, Keskus AG, Konu O, Ates-Alagoz Z. Design, synthesis and anticancer/antiestrogenic activities of novel indole-benzimidazoles. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103929. [PMID: 32464404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Indole-benzimidazoles have recently gained attention due to their antiproliferative and antiestrogenic effects. However, their structural similarities and molecular mechanisms shared with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have not yet been investigated. In this study, we synthesized novel ethylsulfonyl indole-benzimidazole derivatives by substituting the first (R1) and fifth (R2) positions of benzimidazole and indole groups, respectively. Subsequently, we performed 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass spectral and in silico docking analyses, and anticancer activity screening studies of these novel indole-benzimidazoles. The antiproliferative effects of indole-benzimidazoles were found to be more similar between the estrogen (E2) responsive cell lines MCF-7 and HEPG2 in comparison to the Estrogen Receptor negative (ER-) cell line MDA-MB-231. R1:p-fluorobenzyl group members were selected as lead compounds for their potent anticancer effects and moderate structural affinity to ER. Microarray expression profiling and gene enrichment analyses (GSEA) of the selected compounds (R1:p-fluorobenzyl: 48, 49, 50, 51; R1:3,4-difluorobenzyl: 53) helped determine the similarly modulated cellular signaling pathways among derivatives. Moreover, we identified known compounds that have significantly similar gene signatures to that of 51 via queries performed in LINCS database; and further transcriptomics comparisons were made using public GEO datasets (GSE35428, GSE7765, GSE62673). Our results strongly demonstrate that these novel indole-benzimidazoles can modulate ER target gene expression as well as dioxin-mediated aryl hydrocarbon receptor and amino acid deprivation-mediated integrated stress response signaling in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikriye Zengin Karadayi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Yaman
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Murat Kisla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse G Keskus
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlen Konu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Ates-Alagoz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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Bektaş H, Sökmen BB, Aydın S, Menteşe E, Bektaş A, Dilekçi G. Design, synthesis, and characterization of some new benzimidazole derivatives and biological evaluation. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Bektaş
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science FacultyGiresun University Giresun Turkey
| | - Bahar B. Sökmen
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science FacultyGiresun University Giresun Turkey
| | - Sinem Aydın
- Department of Biology, Art and Science FacultyGiresun University Giresun Turkey
| | - Emre Menteşe
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science FacultyRecep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize Turkey
| | - Adile Bektaş
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science FacultyGiresun University Giresun Turkey
| | - Gamze Dilekçi
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science FacultyGiresun University Giresun Turkey
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20
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Patel VM, Patel NB, Chan-Bacab MJ, Rivera G. N-Mannich bases of benzimidazole as a potent antitubercular and antiprotozoal agents: Their synthesis and computational studies. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1725057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vatsal M. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Jamanaben Narottambhai Motiram Patel Science College, Surat, India
| | - Navin B. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, India
| | - Manuel J. Chan-Bacab
- Departamento de Microbiología Ambiental y Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche, México
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Mexico
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21
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Design, synthesis and ADMET prediction of bis-benzimidazole as anticancer agent. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103576. [PMID: 31986463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new series of bis-benzimidazole clubbed with primary amine (3i-iii) and aromatic aldehydes (4i-ix) were design and synthesize with an intention to search an anticancer lead compound under microwave irradiation in good yields. Further, the spectral characterization of synthetic compounds were done with modern instrumental techniques such as FTIR, NMR (1H and 13C), MS and elemental analysis. Anticancer activities of synthesized compounds were investigated at National Cancer Institute (NCI) against NCI 60 cell line panel, results showed good to notable anticancer activity. With the help of molinspiration, drug like properties and bioactivity score for drug targets of synthetic compounds were predicted and found to obey the Lipinski's rule, result indicates that the derivatives are orally active molecules. Osiris property explorer was used for the prediction of drug relevant properties and toxicity of synthetic compounds. Pre ADMET and Lazar toxicity was also used to estimate ADME and toxicity of synthetic compounds. Two compounds, 4i [(Z)-2-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) methyl)-1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl) prop-2-en-1-one] and 4iii [(Z)-2-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) methyl)-1-(1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl)-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one] were exhibited highest drug score and emerged as lead compounds and motivates for further development of more effective and safer compounds.
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22
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23
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Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy: Tautomerism and Structure of Functional Azoles. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9070366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance spectroscopy data of functionalized azoles (imidazoles, triazoles and corresponding benzazoles) are reviewed and critically discussed. The possibility of studying the tautomerism of azoles by the NQR method is considered.
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24
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Zhan Z, Ma H, Cui X, Jiang P, Pu J, Zhang Y, Huang G. Selective synthesis of (1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone and quinoxaline from aromatic aldehyde and o-phenylenediamine. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5148-5152. [PMID: 31073576 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00531e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a general, inexpensive, and versatile method for the synthesis of (1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone and the formation of C-N bonds via an aromatic aldehyde and o-phenylenediamine. In the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide/sulfur, (1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone was obtained; however, in the absence of sulfur, quinoxaline was obtained in 1,4-dioxane. A wide range of quinoxalines and (1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)(phenyl)methanones was obtained under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Haojie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Xinfeng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Pengbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Jinghong Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Guosheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
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25
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Modak A, Bhanja P, Bhaumik A. Microporous Nanotubes and Nanospheres with Iron-Catechol Sites: Efficient Lewis Acid Catalyst and Support for Ag Nanoparticles in CO 2 Fixation Reaction. Chemistry 2018; 24:14189-14197. [PMID: 29979469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
FeIII -containing hyper-crosslinked microporous nanotubes (FeNTs) and nanospheres (FeNSs) are synthesized through the reaction of catechol and dimethoxymethane in the presence of FeCl3 or CF3 SO3 H. Both FeNTs and FeNSs demonstrate excellent catalytic activity in Lewis acid catalysis (hydrolysis and regioselective methanolysis of styrene oxide) and tandem catalysis involving a sequential oxidation-cyclization process, which selectively converts benzyl alcohol to 2-phenyl benzimidazole. Apart from Lewis acidity, the FeNTs and FeNSs also showed CO2 uptake capacities of 2.6 and 2.2 mmol g-1 , respectively, at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature of 273 K. Furthermore, Ag nanoparticles are immobilized successfully on the surfaces of FeNTs and FeNSs by the liquid-phase impregnation method to prepare Ag@FeNT and Ag@FeNS nanocomposites, which show high catalytic activity for the selective fixation of CO2 to phenylacetylene to yield phenylpropiolic acid at 60 °C and 1 atm CO2 pressure. Hence, FeIII -catechol-containing hyper-crosslinked nanotubes and nanospheres have huge potential not only as Lewis acid catalysts, but also as excellent supports for immobilizing Ag nanoparticles in the design of a robust catalyst for the carboxylation of terminal alkynes, which has wide scope in catalysis and environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Modak
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-, 700032, India.,S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Piyali Bhanja
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-, 700032, India
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-, 700032, India
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26
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Das S, Das P, Maity S, Ghosh P, Paul BK, Dutta A. Benzimidazole-based polyheterocycles from ninhydrin: Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and photophysical property. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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27
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Muhammad BT, Ullah A, Muhammad MT, Arshad T. DNA physical interaction mediated b-lymphoma treatment offered by tetra benzimidazole-substituted zinc (ii) phthalocyanine derivative. J Mol Recognit 2018; 31:e2733. [PMID: 29952029 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Role of heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen substitution in therapeutic frontiers is well established. The efforts made in this study are directed to dissect the biological significance of benzimidazole-substituted zinc phthalocyanine derivative. Its capacity to act as an anticancer agent against the 2 B-lymphoma cell lines (low-grade and high-grade malignancy) was found out by recording florescence using Alamar blue dye. Further cytotoxic effect at the DNA level was analyzed by performing agarose gel electrophoresis. Molecular docking studies made mechanistic details crystal clear by showing potential dual binding modes employed for interaction with DNA that include minor groove binding and intercalation between bases. This advocates this derivative as potential anticancer agent and deserves further rounds of mechanistic study for its final journey to serve as a marketed drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Taj Muhammad
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Azeem Ullah
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Fujian, China
| | | | - Tanzila Arshad
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical technology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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28
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Furan ring transformation as key stage in the synthesis of 5H,12H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[1,2-d]pyrazines. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-018-2253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Kaulage MH, Maji B, Pasadi S, Ali A, Bhattacharya S, Muniyappa K. Targeting G-quadruplex DNA structures in the telomere and oncogene promoter regions by benzimidazole‒carbazole ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:178-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ali I, Lone MN, Aboul-Enein HY. Imidazoles as potential anticancer agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1742-1773. [PMID: 30108886 PMCID: PMC6084102 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00067g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a black spot on the face of humanity in this era of science and technology. Presently, several classes of anticancer drugs are available in the market, but issues such as toxicity, low efficacy and solubility have decreased the overall therapeutic indices. Thus, the search for new promising anticancer agents continues, and the battle against cancer is far from over. Imidazole is an aromatic diazole and alkaloid with anticancer properties. There is considerable interest among scientists in developing imidazoles as safe alternatives to anticancer chemotherapy. The present article describes the structural, chemical, and biological features of imidazoles. Several classes of imidazoles as anticancer agents based on their mode of action have been critically discussed. A careful observation has been made into pharmacologically active imidazoles with better or equal therapeutic effects compared to well-known imidazole-based anticancer drugs, which are available on the market. A brief discussion of the toxicities of imidazoles has been made. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of imidazole based anticancer drug development are conferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi-110025 , India . ;
| | - Mohammad Nadeem Lone
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi-110025 , India . ;
| | - Haasan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department , Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division , National Research Centre , Dokki , Giza 12622 , Egypt
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Shrivastava N, Naim MJ, Alam MJ, Nawaz F, Ahmed S, Alam O. Benzimidazole Scaffold as Anticancer Agent: Synthetic Approaches and Structure-Activity Relationship. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28544162 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, also known as malignant neoplasm, is a dreadful disease which involves abnormal cell growth having the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Benzimidazole is an organic compound that is heterocyclic and aromatic in nature. It is a bicyclic compound formed by the fusion of the benzene and imidazole ring systems. It is an important pharmacophore and a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry. According to the World Health Organisation (2015 survey), one in six deaths is due to cancer around the globe, accounting for 8.8 million deaths of which 70% of the cases were from low- and middle-income countries. In the efforts to develop suitable anticancer drugs, medicinal chemists have focussed on benzimidazole derivatives. This review article covers the current development of benzimidazole-based anticancer agents along with the synthetic approaches and structure-activity relationships (SAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Shrivastava
- Faculty of Pharmacy, , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Javed Naim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Nawaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shujauddin Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Preparation of benzimidazole N-oxides by a two-step continuous flow process. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-1992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Gao GL, Yang C, Xia W. Selective C–H trifluoromethylation of benzimidazoles through photoredox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1041-1044. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08975e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This protocol presented a new strategy for visible light induced C–H trifluoromethylation at the C4 of benzimidazoles using Togni's reagent in the presence of fac-Ir(ppy)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Lin Gao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Chao Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Wujiong Xia
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150080
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An efficient route for the synthesis of benzimidazoles via a hydrogen-transfer strategy between o -nitroanilines and alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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37
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Tireli M, Starčević K, Martinović T, Pavelić SK, Karminski-Zamola G, Hranjec M. Antioxidative and antiproliferative activities of novel pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles. Mol Divers 2016; 21:201-210. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Akhtar J, Khan AA, Ali Z, Haider R, Shahar Yar M. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) study and design strategies of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties for their anticancer activities. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:143-189. [PMID: 27662031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present review article offers a detailed account of the design strategies employed for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing anticancer agents. The results of different studies describe the N-heterocyclic ring system is a core structure in many synthetic compounds exhibiting a broad range of biological activities. Benzimidazole, benzothiazole, indole, acridine, oxadiazole, imidazole, isoxazole, pyrazole, triazoles, quinolines and quinazolines including others drugs containing pyridazine, pyridine and pyrimidines are covered. The following studies of these compounds suggested that these compounds showed their antitumor activities through multiple mechanisms including inhibiting protein kinase (CDK, MK-2, PLK1, kinesin-like protein Eg5 and IKK), topoisomerase I and II, microtubule inhibition, and many others. Our concise representation exploits the design and anticancer potency of these compounds. The direct comparison of anticancer activities with the standard enables a systematic analysis of the structure-activity relationship among the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Ahsan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Zulphikar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - M Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Mai S, Zhao Y, Song Q. Chemoselective acylation of benzimidazoles with phenylacetic acids under different Cu catalysts to give fused five-membered N-heterocycles or tertiary amides. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8685-90. [PMID: 27430929 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
C-N bond formation via a copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative decarboxylative tandem protocol was realized. The phenylacetic acids which contain ortho-X (X = F or Br) on the aromatic ring will render a fused five-membered heterocycle via a tandem aromatic nucleophilic substitution and aerobic oxidative decarboxylative acylation at the C(sp(2))-H bond of benzimidazoles under the Cu(OAc)2/K2CO3/BF3·Et2O catalytic system, while with CuBr as the catalyst and pyridine as the base, N-acylation occurred and tertiary amides were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Mai
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering at Huaqiao University, China.
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40
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Zirconocene catalyzed synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Song D, Ma S. Recent Development of Benzimidazole-Containing Antibacterial Agents. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:646-59. [PMID: 26970352 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinically significant antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. However, new antibacterial agents are currently being developed at a much slower pace than our growing need for such drugs. Given their diverse biological activities and clinical applications, many bioactive heterocyclic compounds containing a benzimidazole nucleus have been the focus of interest for many researchers. The benzimidazole nucleus is a structural isostere of naturally occurring nucleotides. This advantage allows benzimidazoles to readily interact with the various biopolymers found in living systems. In view of this situation, much attention has been given to the exploration of benzimidazole-based antibacterial agents, leading to the discovery of many new chemical entities with intriguing profiles. In this minireview we summarize novel benzimidazole derivatives active against various bacterial strains. In particular, we outline the relationship between the structures of variously modified benzimidazoles and their antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China.
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Kokare DG, Naik K, Nevrekar A, Kotian A, Kamat V, Revankar VK. Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of transition metal complexes derived from novel benzofuran hydrazone chelating ligand: DNA cleavage studies and antimicrobial activity with special emphasis on antituberculosis. Appl Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishna Naik
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Pavate Nagar Dharwad 580 003 Karnataka India
| | - Anupama Nevrekar
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Pavate Nagar Dharwad 580 003 Karnataka India
| | - Avinash Kotian
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Pavate Nagar Dharwad 580 003 Karnataka India
| | - Vinayak Kamat
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Pavate Nagar Dharwad 580 003 Karnataka India
| | - Vidyanand K. Revankar
- Department of Chemistry; Karnatak University; Pavate Nagar Dharwad 580 003 Karnataka India
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Mamedov VA. Recent advances in the synthesis of benzimidazol(on)es via rearrangements of quinoxalin(on)es. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The review describes all the quinoxaline-benzimidazole rearrangements as a whole and the new quinoxalinone-benzimidazol(on)e rearrangements in particular when exposed to nucleophilic rearrangements which can be used for the synthesis of various biheterocyclic motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vakhid A. Mamedov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
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Zurita DA, Flores-Alamo M, García JJ. Catalytic transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene by low-valent nickel complexes: a route to 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles and 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazolines. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:10389-401. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01674j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The one-pot synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles by the transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene, using benzylamine as a hydrogen donor is reported, catalyzed by 2 mol% of [Ni(COD)2] : dippe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Zurita
- Facultad de Quimica
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
- Mexico City 04510
- Mexico
| | - Marcos Flores-Alamo
- Facultad de Quimica
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
- Mexico City 04510
- Mexico
| | - Juventino J. García
- Facultad de Quimica
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
- Mexico City 04510
- Mexico
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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and DFT calculations of N-Methyl-2-(2ʹ-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole derivatives. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Keri RS, Hiremathad A, Budagumpi S, Nagaraja BM. Comprehensive Review in Current Developments of Benzimidazole-Based Medicinal Chemistry. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 86:19-65. [PMID: 25352112 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The properties of benzimidazole and its derivatives have been studied over more than one hundred years. Benzimidazole derivatives are useful intermediates/subunits for the development of molecules of pharmaceutical or biological interest. Substituted benzimidazole derivatives have found applications in diverse therapeutic areas such as antiulcer, anticancer agents, and anthelmintic species to name just a few. This work systematically gives a comprehensive review in current developments of benzimidazole-based compounds in the whole range of medicinal chemistry as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic agents, anti-HIV, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, antihistaminic, antimalarial agents, and other medicinal agents. This review will further be helpful for the researcher on the basis of substitution pattern around the nucleus with an aim to help medicinal chemists for developing an SAR on benzimidazole drugs/compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangappa S Keri
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, India
| | - Asha Hiremathad
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, India
| | - Srinivasa Budagumpi
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, India
| | - Bhari Mallanna Nagaraja
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, India
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Yadav G, Ganguly S. Structure activity relationship (SAR) study of benzimidazole scaffold for different biological activities: A mini-review. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:419-43. [PMID: 25479684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are the fused heterocyclic ring systems which form an integral part of vitamin B12 and have been luring many researchers all over the world to assess their potential therapeutic significance. They are known for their crucial role in numerous diseases via various mechanisms. Substitution of benzimidazole nucleus is a crucial step in the drug discovery process. Therefore, it is necessary to gather the latest information along with the earlier information to understand the present status of benzimidazole nucleus in drug discovery. In the present review, benzimidazole derivatives with different pharmacological activities are described on the basis of SAR study using structural substitution pattern around the benzimidazole nucleus and aims to review the reported work related to the chemistry and pharmacological activities of benzimidazole derivatives during recent years. The present manuscript to the best of our knowledge is the first compilation on synthesis and medicinal aspects including structure-activity relationships of benzimidazole reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 151001, India.
| | - Swastika Ganguly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 151001, India
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Sustac Roman D, Poiret V, Pelletier G, Charette AB. Direct Arylation of Imidazo[1,5-a]azines Through Ruthenium and Palladium Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Efficient synthesis of new oxindol-based heterocyclic entities via indolin-2-one derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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