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Çapan İ, Hawash M, Qaoud MT, Gülüm L, Tunoglu ENY, Çifci KU, Çevrimli BS, Sert Y, Servi S, Koca İ, Tutar Y. Synthesis of novel carbazole hydrazine-carbothioamide scaffold as potent antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial agents. BMC Chem 2024; 18:102. [PMID: 38773663 PMCID: PMC11110238 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbazole-based molecules containing thiosemicarbazide functional groups are recognized for their diverse biological activities, particularly in enhancing therapeutic anticancer effects through inhibiting crucial pathways. These derivatives also exhibit noteworthy antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVES This study aims to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of 18 novel carbazole derivatives. METHODS The radical scavenging capabilities of the compounds were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Antiproliferative activities were evaluated on MCF-7 cancer cell lines through viability assays. Additionally, the modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, apoptosis/necrosis induction, and cell cycle analysis were conducted for the most promising anticancer agents. RESULTS nine compounds showed potent antioxidant activities with IC50 values lower than the positive control acarbose, with compounds 4 h and 4y exhibiting the highest potency (IC50 values of 0.73 and 0.38 µM, respectively). Furthermore, compounds 4o and 4r displayed significant anticancer effects, with IC50 values of 2.02 and 4.99 µM, respectively. Compound 4o, in particular, exhibited promising activity by targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, inhibiting tumor survival, inducing apoptosis, and causing cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cell lines. Furthermore, compound 4o was showed significant antimicrobial activities against S. aureus and E. coli, and antifungal effect against C. albicans. Its potential to overcome drug resistance through this pathway inhibition highlights its promise as an anticancer agent. Molecular docking simulations supported these findings, revealing favorable binding profiles and interactions within the active sites of the enzymes PI3K, AKT1, and mTOR. Moreover, assessing the druggability of the newly synthesized thiosemicarbazide derivatives demonstrated optimal physicochemical properties, further endorsing their potential as drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrfan Çapan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Sente Kimya Research and Development Inc., 06200, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Mohammed T Qaoud
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99258, Nicosia, Türkiye
| | - Levent Gülüm
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Mudurnu Süreyya Astarcı Vocational College, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Ezgi Nurdan Yenilmez Tunoglu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Demiroğlu Bilim University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kezban Uçar Çifci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Division of Basic Sciences and Health, Hemp Research Institute, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye
| | - Bekir Sıtkı Çevrimli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Technical Sciences Vocational College, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Sert
- Sorgun Vocational College, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Servi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, Elazığ, Türkiye
| | - İrfan Koca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art & Sciences, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Tutar
- Medical School, Division of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Stemazole Promotes Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Survival In Vitro and Remyelination In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810756. [PMID: 36142668 PMCID: PMC9500784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the normal function of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and protecting OPCs from damage is the basis of myelin regeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this paper, we investigated the effect of stemazole, a novel small molecule, on the promotion of oligodendrocyte precursor cell survival and remyelination. The results show that stemazole enhanced the survival rate and the number of clone formation in a dose-dependent manner and decreased the percentage of cell apoptosis. In particular, the number of cell clones was increased up to 6-fold (p < 0.001) in the stemazole group compared with the control group. In vivo, we assessed the effect of stemazole on recovering the motor dysfunction and demyelination induced by cuprizone (CPZ). The results show that stemazole promoted the recovery of motor dysfunction and the repair of myelin sheaths. Compared with the CPZ group, the stemazole group showed a 30.46% increase in the myelin area (p < 0.001), a 37.08% increase in MBP expression (p < 0.01), and a 1.66-fold increase in Olig2 expression (p < 0.001). Histologically, stemazole had a better effect than the positive control drugs. In conclusion, stemazole promoted OPC survival in vitro and remyelination in vivo, suggesting that this compound may be used as a therapeutic agent against demyelinating disease.
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A Quantitative Proteomic Approach Explores the Possible Mechanisms by Which the Small Molecule Stemazole Promotes the Survival of Human Neural Stem Cells. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12060690. [PMID: 35741576 PMCID: PMC9221083 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders have become a serious healthcare problem worldwide and there is no efficacious cure. However, regulating the fate of stem cells is an effective way to treat these neurological diseases. In previous work, stemazole was reported to maintain the survival of human neural stem cells in the absence of growth factors and to have therapeutic effects on neurodegenerative diseases. However, although it is a promising small molecule, the molecular mechanisms against apoptosis are ambiguous. In this study, tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics were performed to obtain whole protein expression profiles of human neural stem cells in different groups under extreme conditions. Bioinformatics analysis based on protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction, gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were adopted to explore crucial proteins and possible pharmacological mechanisms. A total of 77 differentially expressed proteins were identified, comprising 38 upregulated proteins and 39 downregulated proteins. Combined with a diseases database of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), caspase-2 (CASP2), PKA C-alpha (PRKACA), fibronectin (FN1), large neutral amino acid transporter small subunit 1 (SLC7A5), which are involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, this was further validated by enzyme activity assay and molecular docking, and regarded as putative targets regulated by stemazole. The present results give an insight into this small molecule and a better understanding for further elucidating the underlying mechanisms in the treatment of stem cells and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Han M, Tunç CÜ, Atalay P, Erdoğan Ö, Ünal G, Bozkurt M, Aydın Ö, Çevik Ö, Küçükgüzel ŞG. Design, synthesis, and in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity studies of new ( S)-Naproxen thiosemicarbazide/1,2,4-triazole derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study includes the synthesis of new Naproxen derivatives and in vitro–in vivo molecular mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.İhsan Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cansu Ümran Tunç
- Drug Application and Research Center, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genom and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Pınar Atalay
- Drug Application and Research Center, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ömer Erdoğan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, 09100, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Ünal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- DEKAM – Experimental Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bozkurt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- DEKAM – Experimental Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ömer Aydın
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genom and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- ERKAM – Clinical Engineering Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- ERNAM – Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, 09100, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ş. Güniz Küçükgüzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fenerbahçe University, Istanbul, 34758, İstanbul, Turkey
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Acharya PT, Bhavsar ZA, Jethava DJ, Patel DB, Patel HD. A review on development of bio-active thiosemicarbazide derivatives: Recent advances. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Li H, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhao C, Zhu Y, Han M. A quantitative proteomics analysis for small molecule Stemazole's effect on human neural stem cells. Proteome Sci 2020; 18:12. [PMID: 33298084 PMCID: PMC7724819 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-020-00168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stemazole is a novel small molecule that has been suggested to have the ability to protect multiple stem cells. The proliferation-promoting activity and promising neuroprotective effects of stemazole make it a prospective drug for neurodegenerative disease treatment. METHODS Since previous studies have shown that it protective effect in extreme conditions, to understand more aspects of stemazole, in this study, a systematic tandem mass tags (TMT)-labelled proteomics approach was used to address the whole proteome expression profile with or without stemazole in normal conditions instead of extreme conditions. Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses, were employed. RESULTS The effect of stemazole on the expression profiles of neural stem cells was obtained. A total of 408 proteins with changes at the abundance level of two groups were identified: 178 proteins increase in abundance and 240 proteins decrease in abundance, respectively. Low abundance of some mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential may indicate stemazole has cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS It is the first proteomics research about stemazole, and the possible cytotoxicity of stemazole has been reported for the first time. The information about proteins that were affected by stemazole and more characteristics of stemazole will help obtain a complete picture of this small molecule drug. These findings provide a scientific basis for further stemazole treatment research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chaoran Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yizi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Uncovering the Pharmacological Mechanism of Stemazole in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020427. [PMID: 31936558 PMCID: PMC7013392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemazole exerts potent pharmacological effects against neurodegenerative diseases and protective effects in stem cells. However, on the basis of the current understanding, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of stemazole in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease have not been fully elucidated. In this study, a network pharmacology-based strategy integrating target prediction, network construction, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, and molecular docking was adopted to predict the targets of stemazole relevant to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and to further explore the involved pharmacological mechanisms. The majority of the predicted targets were highly involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), caspase-3 (CASP3), caspase-8 (CASP8), mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) are the core targets regulated by stemazole and play a central role in its anti-apoptosis effects. This work provides a scientific basis for further elucidating the mechanism underlying the effects of stemazole in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Li H, Tan Q, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhao C, Lu S, Qiao J, Han M. Pharmacokinetics and absolute oral bioavailability of stemazole by UPLC-MS/MS and its bio-distribution through tritium labeling. Drug Test Anal 2019; 12:101-108. [PMID: 31486294 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The small molecule, stemazole, has significant therapeutic effects on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), due to its neuroprotective effects and remarkable survival-promoting activity in stem cells. However, pharmacokinetic properties of stemazole were unclear. In this study, a rapid and effective ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to detect stemazole. The detector was operated in the positive-ion mode with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column with gradient elution. Stemazole was extracted from plasma following a one-step protein precipitation method. The method was fully validated for its selectivity, specificity, and sensitivity. The calibration curve range of 5-1125 ng/mL showed good linearity for stemazole. Intra-day and inter-day precision rates were less than 10%, and accuracy ranged from 95.87% to 105.23%. The pharmacokinetic profiles were illustrated through the newly developed method for the first time. The absolute oral bioavailability of stemazole is 32.10%. Therefore, it is feasible as an oral medication, which greatly facilitates its broad application. The biological distribution of tritium-labeled stemazole in mice was studied, and the results showed that stemazole was absorbed rapidly and distributed widely, mainly in the liver and kidneys. A specific amount was also detected in the brain, which provides a prerequisite for the use of stemazole to treat neurodegenerative diseases. This work represents first description of the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and tissue distribution of stemazole and will lay the foundation for further investigation and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoran Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Verma G, Khan MF, Akhtar W, Alam MM, Akhter M, Shaquiquzzaman M. A Review Exploring Therapeutic Worth of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Tailored Compounds. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:477-509. [PMID: 30324877 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666181015152433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
1,3,4-Oxadiazole, a five-membered aromatic ring can be seen in a number of synthetic molecules. The peculiar structural feature of 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring with pyridine type of nitrogen atom is beneficial for 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives to have effective binding with different enzymes and receptors in biological systems through numerous weak interactions, thereby eliciting an array of bioactivities. Research in the area of development of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-based derivatives has become an interesting topic for the scientists. A number of 1,3,4-oxadiazole based compounds with high therapeutic potency are being extensively used for the treatment of different ailments, contributing to enormous development value. This work provides a systematic and comprehensive review highlighting current developments of 1,3,4-oxadiazole based compounds in the entire range of medicinal chemistry such as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, antineuropathic, antihypertensive, antihistaminic, antiparasitic, antiobesity, antiviral, and other medicinal agents. It is believed that this review will be of great help for new thoughts in the pursuit for rational designs for the development of more active and less toxic 1,3,4-oxadiazole based medicinal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohemmed F Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
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Sun Y, Zhang X, Li H, Xu S, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han M, Wen J. Stemazole promotes survival and preserves stemness in human embryonic stem cells. FEBS J 2018; 285:531-541. [PMID: 29222853 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are extremely delicate, and survive poorly under suboptimal culture conditions, severely restricting long-term studies and practical applications. Thus, a protective agent that promotes stem cell survival is urgently needed. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of stemazole in single-cell and starved hESC cultures. Colony formation was quantified by alkaline phosphatase and immunofluorescence staining, while apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. Expression of hESC and other stem cell markers was evaluated by western blot, RT-PCR, and qPCR. We found that stemazole enhanced clonal expansion from single cells in dose-dependent fashion and clearly decreased apoptosis from 54.1% to 25.2%. Furthermore, the drug reduced apoptosis from 43.6% to 8.4% over 15 h of starvation, with 66% of stemazole-treated cells remaining viable after 2 weeks of starvation. Importantly, starved cells protected with stemazole retained the same proliferation and differentiation properties as cells in normal culture. In conclusion, stemazole significantly promotes survival of stem cells in single-cell or starvation cultures without compromising stemness and pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, China
| | - Huajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, China
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Jinhua Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, China
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Guo Z, Xu S, Du N, Liu J, Huang Y, Han M. Neuroprotective effects of stemazole in the MPTP-induced acute model of Parkinson’s disease: Involvement of the dopamine system. Neurosci Lett 2016; 616:152-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Shang W, Qiao J, Gu C, Yin W, Du J, Wang W, Zhu M, Han M, Lu W. Anticancer activity of an extract from needles and twigs of Taxus cuspidata and its synergistic effect as a cocktail with 5-fluorouracil. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 11:123. [PMID: 22132732 PMCID: PMC3260134 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botanical medicines are increasingly combined with chemotherapeutics as anticancer drug cocktails. This study aimed to assess the chemotherapeutic potential of an extract of Taxus cuspidata (TC) needles and twigs produced by artificial cuttage and its co-effects as a cocktail with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS Components of TC extract were identified by HPLC fingerprinting. Cytotoxicity analysis was performed by MTT assay or ATP assay. Apoptosis studies were analyzed by H & E, PI, TUNEL staining, as well as Annexin V/PI assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. 5-FU concentrations in rat plasma were determined by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using 3p87 software. Synergistic efficacy was subjected to median effect analysis with the mutually nonexclusive model using Calcusyn1 software. The significance of differences between values was estimated by using a one-way ANOVA. RESULTS TC extract reached inhibition rates of 70-90% in different human cancer cell lines (HL-60, BGC-823, KB, Bel-7402, and HeLa) but only 5-7% in normal mouse T/B lymphocytes, demonstrating the broad-spectrum anticancer activity and low toxicity to normal cells of TC extract in vitro. TC extract inhibited cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis and G(2)/M cell cycle arrest. Most interestingly, TC extract and 5-FU, combined as a cocktail, synergistically inhibited the growth of cancer cells in vitro, with Combination Index values (CI) ranging from 0.90 to 0.26 at different effect levels from IC50 to IC90 in MCF-7 cells, CI ranging from 0.93 to 0.13 for IC40 to IC90 in PC-3M-1E8 cells, and CI < 1 in A549 cells. In addition, the cocktail had lower cytotoxicity in normal human cell (HEL) than 5-FU used alone. Furthermore, TC extract did not affect the pharmacokinetics of 5-FU in rats. CONCLUSIONS The combinational use of the TC extract with 5-FU displays strong cytotoxic synergy in cancer cells and low cytotoxicity in normal cells. These findings suggest that this cocktail may have a potential role in cancer treatment.
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