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Bawakid NO, Alarif WM, Abdel-Lateff A. Rare norisodinosterol derivatives from Xenia umbellata: Isolation and anti-proliferative activity. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Two new rare 30-norisodinosterol derivatives, 23,24-dimethylcholest-16-ene-3β,5α,6β,11α,20(R)-pentol 3-monoacetate (1) and 23,24-dimethylcholest-16-ene-3β,5α,6β,20(R)-tertrol 3-monoacetate (2), along with a known steroid, 3β,5α,6β,11α,20β-pentahydroxygorgosterol (3), were identified from Xenia umbellata. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by analyses of the measured spectra (1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and infrared). The biosynthetic pathway of the new norisodinosterols was proposed. Compound 1 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against HepG2, PC-3, and HT-29 with IC50 values of 4.70 ± 0.2, 5.60 ± 0.6, and 4.00 ± 0.4 μg/mL, respectively. On the contrary, compound 3 showed less potent cytotoxicity against HepG2 with IC50 value of 22.20 ± 1.0 μg/mL. Two DNA-binding dyes have been used for the morphological detection of viable, apoptotic, and necrotic cells. The early apoptotic cell death was observed in all types of treated tumour cells. The late apoptotic cells are highly present in HepG2 cells with compound 3 compared with other cancer cells except for compound 1. The anti-proliferative activity of compounds 1 and 3 warranted further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed Obaid Bawakid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , P. O. Box 80203 , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Walied Mohamed Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University , P. O. Box 80207 , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University , P. O. Box 80260 , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
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Althagbi HI, Budiyanto F, Abdel-Lateff A, Al-Footy KO, Bawakid NO, Ghandourah MA, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Alarif WM. Antiproliferative Isoprenoid Derivatives from the Red Sea Alcyonacean Xenia umbellata. Molecules 2021; 26:1311. [PMID: 33804495 PMCID: PMC7957567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
From the soft coral Xenia umbellata, seven isoprenoid derivatives were isolated, including a new xenicane diterpene, xeniolide O (5) and a new gorgostane derivative gorgst-3β,5α,6β,11α,20(S)-pentol-3-monoacetate (7), along with three known sesquiterpenes (1-3), a known diterpene (4), and a known steroid (6). The extensive analyses of the NMR, IR, and MS spectral data led to determination of their chemical structures. Compounds 1-7 displayed a cytotoxic effect against breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa), with IC50 values ranging between 1.5 ± 0.1-23.2 ± 1.5; 1.8 ± 0.1-30.6 ± 1.1 and 0.9 ± 0.05-12.8 ± 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 3 showed potent cytotoxic effects against MCF-7, HepG2, and HeLa with IC50 values = 2.4 ± 0.20, 3.1 ± 0.10 and 0.9 ± 0.05 μg/mL, respectively. Compounds 2, 5, and 7 displayed cytotoxic effect against Hela cells with IC50 values = 12.8 ± 0.50, 6.7 ± 1.00 and 11.5 ± 2.20 μg/mL, respectively. Two DNA binding dyes, acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EtBr) were used for the detection of viable, apoptotic, and necrotic cells. The early apoptotic cell death was observed in all types of treated cells. The late apoptotic cells were highly present in HepG2 cells. Compounds 5 and 7 induced a high percentage of necrosis towards HepG2 and HeLa cells. The late apoptosis was recorded as a high rate after treatment with 7 on all cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan I. Althagbi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 13151, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.O.A.-F.); (N.O.B.)
| | - Fitri Budiyanto
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Khalid O. Al-Footy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.O.A.-F.); (N.O.B.)
| | - Nahed O. Bawakid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.O.A.-F.); (N.O.B.)
| | - Mohamed A. Ghandourah
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (M.Y.A.); (S.E.I.E.)
| | - Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; (M.Y.A.); (S.E.I.E.)
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines, VACSERA Holding Company, Giza 22311, Egypt
| | - Walied M. Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.B.); (M.A.G.)
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Kuo PC, Li YC, Yang ML, Tzen JTC. A feasible UHPLC-MS/MS method for concurrent quantification of 10 bioactive principles in Aquilaria leaf tea by the multiple reaction monitoring analytical mode. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:583-593. [PMID: 31990133 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, the fresh leaves of Aquilaria trees have been processed as food products such as agarwood tea due to its beneficial medicinal properties. However, there have not been any reported analytical methods to quantify the bioactive principles in the processed products. OBJECTIVE A rapid and sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with electrospray ionisation (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 10 bioactive components in Aquilaria leaf tea. METHODS The UHPLC-MS/MS was used for quantification operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The optimised chromatographic parameters were conducted on a Shim-pack XR-ODS II column and mobile phases consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water. RESULTS All the samples were analysed within 20 min. The established method showed excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9988), good repeatability with all the relative standard deviation values lower than 3.27%, and satisfactory recovery (79.72-119.22%). The matrix effect factors ranged from 87.65 to 97.27% in the examination. The developed method was applied to the determination of 10 bioactive principles (1-10) in six different Aquilaria leaf tea samples. Among the analytes, mangiferin (1) and iriflophenone 2-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (2) were the most abundant compounds in the extracts of Aquilaria leaf tea, and it indicated that these biotech products may possess laxative effects. CONCLUSION This proposed method appeared to be a useful tool for the quality control of commercial products of Aquilaria leaf tea and thus provided an analytical reference for herbal drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Chiun Li
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Jason T C Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Sayed SM, Alotaibi SS, Gaber N, Elarrnaouty SA. Evaluation of Five Medicinal Plant Extracts on Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Its Predator, Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) under Laboratory Conditions. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11060398. [PMID: 32604849 PMCID: PMC7349832 DOI: 10.3390/insects11060398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Botanical insecticides that degrade rapidly are safer than persistent synthetic chemical insecticides, less harmful to the environment, decrease production costs and are not likely to cause insecticide resistance among pests. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of five different botanical extracts on the bean aphid, Aphis craccivora and the 2nd larval instar of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea under laboratory conditions. Also, the flavonoids in the methanolic extracts of these tested plants were detected using HPLC analysis. The data from the HPLC analysis indicated that the tested plants differed in their flavonoid components. The total flavonoids were 869.4, 1125.6, 721.4, 1667.8 and 2025.9 mg/kg in Psiadia penninervia, Salvia officinalis, Ochradenus baccatus, Pulicaria crispa and Euryops arabicus, respectively. Moreover, there were many variations among these plants in the amount of each compound. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of P. penninervia extract on aphids was the lowest among all of the plants (128.546 µg/mL) followed by O. baccatus (626.461 µg/mL). Also, the LC50 value of P. penninervia extract on the 2nd larval instar of C. carnea (232.095 µg/mL) was significantly lower than those of all other four plant species extracts, while the other four plants did not show significant differences among them according to relative median potency analyses. Accordingly, O. baccatus extract had a strong effect on aphids and was safest for the predator. This finding suggests that O. baccatus could be exploited and further developed as an effective plant extract-based insecticide to be utilized in integrated pest management (IPM) programs against A. craccivora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy M. Sayed
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 888, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 888, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nevien Gaber
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12619, Egypt;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed-Ashraf Elarrnaouty
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
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Abdel-Lateff A, Alarif WM, Algandaby MM, Alburae NA, Abdel-Naim AB. Euryops arabicus displays anti-inflammatory activities in experimental models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112278. [PMID: 31589967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euryops arabicus (Asteraceae) is grown in Arab Peninsula. Its aerial parts possess ethnomedicinal applications against several inflammatory conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Euryops arabicus (E. arabicus) organic extract as well as its major polymethoxylated flavonoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acute toxicity of the total extract of E. ararbicus was evaluated by assessing LD50. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in rats injected with carrageenan in the plantar area. Paw edema volume, histological changes and rats'stair climbing and motility were assessed. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) challenged with carrageenan. Inflammation markers were assessed in cellular lysates and collected media. RESULTS The extract was found safe and considered unclassified with an oral LD50 > 2000 mg/kg in rats. Pretreatment of rats with a total extract of E. arabicus at doses of 100 and 250 mg/kg significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced increase in paw edema volume and histopathological changes. Also, it significantly ameliorated diminution of climbing and motility. Phytochemical studies led to the isolation and identification of five polymethoxylated flavonoids. The anti-inflammatory properties of the isolated compounds were evaluated in carrageenan-challenged peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All compounds exhibited appreciable antioxidant activities. Further, pre-incubation of the cells with the isolated metabolites significantly ameliorated the rise in cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) induced by carrageenan challenge. Further, the compounds inhibited the leakage of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in media collected from stimulated cells. CONCLUSION E. arabicus exhibited in vivo anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan model as it ameliorated rat paw edema, histopathological changes and movement dysfunction. in vitro activity of isolated compounds was confirmed in stimulated PBMCs. Thus, the anti-inflammatory activity of E. arabicus can be attributed, at least partly, to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-chemotactic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, PO Box 80260, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, PO. Box 61511, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Walied Mohamed Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, PO. Box 80207, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mardi Mohamed Algandaby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, PO. Box 80203, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Ali Alburae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, PO. Box 80203, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, PO. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, PO Box 80260, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Alarif W, Ghandourah M, Lateff A, Bawakid N, Alotaibi A, Alfaifi M, I. Elbehairi S. Two new xeniolide diterpenes from the soft coral Xenia umbellata; displayed anti proliferative effects. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_300_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Taleghani A, Tayarani-Najaran Z. Potent Cytotoxic Natural Flavonoids: The Limits of Perspective. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5555-5579. [PMID: 30799786 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190222142537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides the numerous biologic and pharmacologic functions in the human body that act as potent antioxidants, flavonoids (flavones, flavanones, flavonols, flavanols and isoflavones) are noted as cancer preventive or therapeutic agents. METHODS This review summarizes the published data using PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. RESULTS In this context, recognition and introduction of the most active cytotoxic flavonoids as promising agents for cancer therapy gives insight for further evaluations. However, there are some critical points that may affect the entering of flavonoids as active cytotoxic phytochemicals in the clinical phase. Issues such as the abundance of active species in nature, the methods of extraction and purification, solubility, pharmacokinetic profile, presence of the chiral moieties, method of synthesis, and structure modification may limit the entry of a selected compound for use in humans. Although plenty of basic evidence exists for cytotoxic/antitumor activity of the versatility of flavonoids for entry into clinical trials, the above-mentioned concerns must be considered. CONCLUSION This review is an effort to introduce cytotoxic natural flavonoids (IC50< 10 µM) that may have the potential to be used against various tumor cells. Also, active constituents, molecular mechanisms, and related clinical trials have been discussed as well as the limitations and challenges of using flavonoids in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Taleghani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan Province, Gonbad Kavus, P.O. Box 163, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Delnavazi MR, Saiyarsarai P, Jafari-Nodooshan S, Khanavi M, Tavakoli S, Hadavinia H, Yassa N. Cytotoxic Flavonoids from the Aerial Parts of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2018.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl is a herbaceous plant distributed in the west and south western Asia. Despite of the wide medicinal uses, there are some reports on toxicity potential of this plant. In present study we attempted to evaluate the toxicity and to characterize the cytotoxic principles of S. lavandulifolia. Methods: Brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) was used to evaluate the general toxicity of the extracts and essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of S. lavandulifolia. Phytochemical constituents of the active extract were investigated using various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. GC and GC-MS were also used to analyze the plant essential oil. GC and GC-MS were used to analyze the plant essential oil. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated using MTT assay method. Results: In brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT), chloroform extract and the plant essential oil exhibited the most toxicity against Artemia salina larvae (LD50: 121.8±5.6 and 127.6±14.7 µg ml-1, respectively). GC and GC-MS analyses of essential oil led to the characterization of forty compounds of which α-bisabolol (23.85%) and thymol (17.88%) were identified as the main constituents. Nine flavonoids, Pachypodol (1), chrysosplenetin (2), kumatakenin (3), velutin (4), penduletin (5), viscosine (6), chrysoeriol (7), hydroxygenkwanin (8) and apigenin (9) were isolated from the chloroform extract of S. lavandulifolia. Among the isolated compounds, chrysosplenetin (2), a polymethoxylated flavonoid, was found as the most toxic compound toward MDA-MB-23 and HT-29 cells, with IC50 values of 88.23 and 116.50 µg ml-1, respectively. Furthermore, chrysosplenetin (2), kumatakenin (3) and viscosine (6) with selectivity indices of 2.70, 2.59 and 3.33, respectively, showed higher preferential toxicity against MDA-MB-23 cells in comparison with tamoxifen (SI:2.45). Conclusion: This study reports methoxylated flavonoids as compounds which could be involved in toxicity of S. lavandulifolia. The results of MTT assay also suggest some of these compounds as appropriate candidates for anti-cancer drug development research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Delnavazi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Saiyarsarai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Jafari-Nodooshan
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Tavakoli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hormoz Hadavinia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narguess Yassa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khaleel SA, Al-Abd AM, Ali AA, Abdel-Naim AB. Didox and resveratrol sensitize colorectal cancer cells to doxorubicin via activating apoptosis and ameliorating P-glycoprotein activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36855. [PMID: 27841296 PMCID: PMC5107943 DOI: 10.1038/srep36855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) has limited efficacy in colorectal cancer due to multi-drug resistance. Resveratrol (RES) and didox (DID) are polyhydroxyphenols with potential chemosensitizing effects. Herein, we assessed the chemomodulatory effects of RES and DID to DOX in colorectal cancer cells. Equitoxic combination of DOX with RES and DID in HCT 116 reduced the IC50 of DOX from 0.96 ± 0.02 μM to 0.52 ± 0.05 μM and 0.4 ± 0.06 μM, respectively. Similarly, combination of DOX with RES and DID in HT-29 decreased the IC50’s of DOX from 0.88 ± 0.03 μM to 0.47 ± 0.02 μM and 0.29 ± 0.04 μM, respectively. The expressions of p53 and Bax genes were markedly elevated in HCT 116 cells after exposure to DOX/DID. In HT-29 cells, the expression of Bcl-XL gene was significantly decreased after exposure to DOX/DID. In addition, combination of DOX with RES significantly increased the expression of Bax gene in HCT 116 cells. RES treatment induced significant S-phase arrest in DOX-treated HCT 116 cells, while DID induced G2/M- and S-phase arrest in HCT 116 and HT-29, respectively. Both RES and DID significantly enhanced the intracellular entrapment of DOX due to blocking the efflux activity of p-glycoprotein pump. In conclusion, RES and DID sensitize colorectal cancer cells to DOX via facilitating apoptosis and enhancing intracellular entrapment of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar A Khaleel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Al-Abd
- Pharmacology Department, Medical division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azza A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
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Uncommon Trimethoxylated Flavonol Obtained from Rubus rosaefolius Leaves and Its Antiproliferative Activity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:341216. [PMID: 26788108 DOI: 10.1155/2015/341216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study shows the evaluation the antiproliferative effect of the extract, fractions, and uncommon compounds isolated from R. rosaefolius leaves. The compounds were identified by conventional spectroscopic methods such as NMR-H(1) and C(13) and identified as 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8,4'-trimethoxyflavonol (1), 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,8,4'-pentamethoxyflavone (2), and tormentic acid (3). Both hexane and dichloromethane fractions showed selectivity for multidrug-resistant ovary cancer cell line (NCI-ADR/RES) with total growth inhibition values of 11.1 and 12.6 μg/ml, respectively. Compound 1 also showed selective activity against the same cell line (18.8 μg/ml); however, it was especially effective against glioma cells (2.8 μg/ml), suggesting that this compound may be involved with the in vitro antiproliferative action.
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation and chemistry of diterpenoids from terrestrial as opposed to marine sources and includes labdanes, clerodanes, pimaranes, abietanes, kauranes, gibberellins, cembranes and their cyclization products. The literature from January to December 2013 is reviewed.
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Ibrahim AS, Sobh MAM, Eid HM, Salem A, Elbelasi HH, El-Naggar MH, AbdelBar FM, Sheashaa H, Sobh MA, Badria FA. Gingerol-derivatives: emerging new therapy against human drug-resistant MCF-7. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9941-8. [PMID: 25004806 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapies have been improved dramatically over the last two decades. In the case of human breast cancer, the combination chemotherapeutic protocol, cyclophosphamide (CPA), doxorubicin (DOX), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (CDF), is often used. Nevertheless, the clinical usefulness of CDF is limited by its remarkably low therapeutic window and frequent eruption of resistance. These limitations prompted our search for a more effective and safe drug candidate that may raise the therapeutic benefits for breast cancer patients. Gingerols' wide therapeutic indices as well as their high efficacy in the suppression of carcinogenesis are well established. However, no thorough study to date has profiled their antibreast cancer activities in depth. Therefore, the aims of the present study are to evaluate the antibreast cancer activities of gingerols in comparison to CDF and to gain insight into the structure activity relationships (SARs) responsible for the observed effect using a breast cancer cell model, MCF-7. Our data revealed that 6-gingerol showed the highest anticancer potency that is superior to that of CDF with IC50 = 30.4 μM. Guided by these results, semisynthetic modifications of 6-gingerol have been carried out to characterize 6-gingerol's SARs. The obtained results showed that the acquisition of free hydroxyl group in the aliphatic side chain of 6-gingerol is essential for the antibreast cancer activity. Likewise, the length of aliphatic side chain in 6-gingerol is optimum for its anticancer activity because any decrease in the side chain length resulted in a dramatic loss of anticancer activity. Additionally, allylation of phenolic group has shown antibreast cancer activity superior to that of 6-gingerol per se. Conversely, methylation or isoprenylation of phenolic group has led to a potential decrease in the anticancer activity, whereas loss of aromaticity resulted in a complete loss of 6-gingerol's cytotoxic activity. Collectively, the present results would simplify drug design to allow safer and more effective antibreast cancer pharmaceuticals to be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt,
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Three new cembranoid-type diterpenes from Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum: Isolation and antiproliferative activity against HepG2 cells. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 81:314-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abdel-Lateff A, Alarif WM, Asfour HZ, Ayyad SEN, Khedr A, Badria FA, Al-Lihaibi SS. Cytotoxic effects of three new metabolites from Red Sea marine sponge, Petrosia sp. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:928-935. [PMID: 24699241 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Marine sponges represent an affluent source of biogenetically unprecedented array of biologically active compounds. This study revealed the isolation of ten compounds from marine sponge of Petrosia sp. Their chemical structures were determined by using 1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR and MS measurements. A polyoxygenated steroid (3β,7β,9α-trihydroxycholest-5-en (1), a purine-derivative (3,7-dimethyl-2-(methylamino)-3H-purin-6(7H)-one (2) and a sphingolipid (N-((3S,E)-1,3-dihydroxytetracos-4-en-2-yl)stearamide (3) proved to be new compounds. Meanwhile, seven known compounds; (4-10) were also identified. The cytotoxicity of the total extract and the isolated compounds were subjected to cytotoxicity evaluation employing two cancer cell lines; HepG2 and MCF-7. All tested compounds exhibited cytotoxic effect on both cancer cell lines with IC(50) in range of 20-500 μM. The proposed mechanism of cytotoxic activities was examined through its molecular affinity to the DNA. Compound 5 showed the highest affinity to the DNA with IC(50) 30 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Walied M Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hany Z Asfour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seif-Eldin N Ayyad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dammietta University, New Dammietta, Egypt
| | - Alaa Khedr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sultan S Al-Lihaibi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Poór M, Veres B, Jakus PB, Antus C, Montskó G, Zrínyi Z, Vladimir-Knežević S, Petrik J, Kőszegi T. Flavonoid diosmetin increases ATP levels in kidney cells and relieves ATP depleting effect of ochratoxin A. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 132:1-9. [PMID: 24556581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diosmetin (DIOS) is a flavone aglycone commonly occurring in citrus species and olive leaves, in addition it is one of the active ingredients of some medications. Based on both in vitro and in vivo studies several beneficial effects are attributed to DIOS but the biochemical background of its action seems to be complex and it has not been completely explored yet. Previous investigations suggest that most of the flavonoid aglycones have negative effect on ATP synthesis in a dose dependent manner. In our study 17 flavonoids were tested and interestingly DIOS caused a significant elevation of intracellular ATP levels after 6- and 12-h incubation in MDCK kidney cells. In order to understand the mechanism of action, intracellular ATP and protein levels, ATP/ADP ratio, cell viability and ROS levels were determined after DIOS treatment. In addition, impacts of different enzyme inhibitors and effect of DIOS on isolated rat liver mitochondria were also tested. Finally, the influence of DIOS on the ATP depleting effect of the mycotoxin, ochratoxin A was also investigated. Our major conclusions are the followings: DIOS increases intracellular ATP levels both in kidney and in liver cells. Inhibition of glycolysis or citric acid cycle does not decrease the observed effect. DIOS-induced elevation of ATP levels is completely abolished by the inhibition of ATP synthase. DIOS is able to completely reverse the ATP-depleting effect of the mycotoxin, ochratoxin A. Most probably the DIOS-induced impact on ATP system does not originate from the antioxidant property of DIOS. Based on our findings DIOS may be promising agent to positively influence ATP depletion caused by some metabolic poisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Poór
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Balázs Veres
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Péter B Jakus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Montskó
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zita Zrínyi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Sanda Vladimir-Knežević
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - József Petrik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamás Kőszegi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary.
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Alarif WM, Abdel-Lateff A, Al-Abd AM, Basaif SA, Badria FA, Shams M, Ayyad SEN. ChemInform Abstract: Selective Cytotoxic Effects on Human Breast Carcinoma of New Methoxylated Flavonoids from Euryops arabicus Grown in Saudi Arabia. CHEMINFORM 2013; 44:no-no. [DOI: 10.1002/chin.201352208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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