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Brenda CT, Norma RF, Marcela RL, Nelly LV, Teresa I F. Action mechanisms of metallic compounds on Plasmodium spp. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127028. [PMID: 35797926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a parasitic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, during the last decades, the causal agent, Plasmodium spp., has developed resistance to chloroquine and artemisinin. For this reason, metallic compounds have been proposed as an optional treatment since they have shown a potential antimalarial effect with diverse action mechanisms in the parasite and the host. OBJECTIVE To show the possible targets of metallic compounds in Plasmodium spp. CONCLUSION The metallic compounds are an option attractive to treatment for the malaria, for its low cost and its great activity to reduce parasitemia; however is necessary more studies principally in vivo in order to know the interactions that it can have in an experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casarrubias-Tabarez Brenda
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rivera-Fernández Norma
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rojas-Lemus Marcela
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - López-Valdez Nelly
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Fortoul Teresa I
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Concept of Hybrid Drugs and Recent Advancements in Anticancer Hybrids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091071. [PMID: 36145292 PMCID: PMC9500727 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease, and its treatment is a big challenge, with variable efficacy of conventional anticancer drugs. A two-drug cocktail hybrid approach is a potential strategy in recent drug discovery that involves the combination of two drug pharmacophores into a single molecule. The hybrid molecule acts through distinct modes of action on several targets at a given time with more efficacy and less susceptibility to resistance. Thus, there is a huge scope for using hybrid compounds to tackle the present difficulties in cancer medicine. Recent work has applied this technique to uncover some interesting molecules with substantial anticancer properties. In this study, we report data on numerous promising hybrid anti-proliferative/anti-tumor agents developed over the previous 10 years (2011–2021). It includes quinazoline, indole, carbazole, pyrimidine, quinoline, quinone, imidazole, selenium, platinum, hydroxamic acid, ferrocene, curcumin, triazole, benzimidazole, isatin, pyrrolo benzodiazepine (PBD), chalcone, coumarin, nitrogen mustard, pyrazole, and pyridine-based anticancer hybrids produced via molecular hybridization techniques. Overall, this review offers a clear indication of the potential benefits of merging pharmacophoric subunits from multiple different known chemical prototypes to produce more potent and precise hybrid compounds. This provides valuable knowledge for researchers working on complex diseases such as cancer.
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Abid M, Singh S, Egan TJ, Joshi MC. Structural activity relationship of metallo-aminoquines as a next generation antimalarials. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:436-472. [PMID: 34986771 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220105103751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Apicomplexian parasite of the genus Plasmodium is the causative agent of malaria, one of the most devastating, furious and common infectious disease throughout the world. According to the latest World malaria report, there were 229 million cases of malaria in 2019 majorly consisting of children under 5 years of age. Some of known analogues viz. quinine, quinoline-containing compounds have been used for last century in the clinical treatment of malaria. Past few decades have witnessed the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) strains of Plasmodium species to existing antimalarials pressing the need for new drug candidates. For the past few decades bioorganometallic approach to malaria therapy has been introduced which led to the discovery of noval metalcontaining aminoquinolines analogues viz. ferroquine (FQ or 1), Ruthenoquine (RQ or 2) and other related potent metal-analogues. It observed that some metal containing analogues (Fe-, Rh-, Ru-, Re-, Au-, Zn-, Cr-, Pd-, Sn-, Cd-, Ir-, Co-, Cu-, and Mn-aminoquines) were more potent; however, some were equally potent as Chloroquine (CQ) and 1. This is probably due to the intertion of metals in the CQ via various approaches, which might be a very attractive strategy to develop a SAR of novel metal containing antimalarials. Thus, this review aims to summarize the SAR of metal containing aminoquines towards the discovery of potent antimalarial hybrids to provide an insight for rational designs of more effective and less toxic metal containing amoniquines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abid
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehroli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Timothy J Egan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town-7700, South Africa
| | - Mukesh C Joshi
- Dept. of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez marg, South Campus, New Delhi-110021. India
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Shalini, Kumar V. Have molecular hybrids delivered effective anti-cancer treatments and what should future drug discovery focus on? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:335-363. [PMID: 33305635 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1850686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer continues to be a big threat and its treatment is a huge challenge among the medical fraternity. Conventional anti-cancer agents are losing their efficiency which highlights the need to introduce new anti-cancer entities for treating this complex disease. A hybrid molecule has a tendency to act through varied modes of action on multiple targets at a given time. Thus, there is the significant scope with hybrid compounds to tackle the existing limitations of cancer chemotherapy. AREA COVERED This perspective describes the most significant hybrids that spring hope in the field of cancer chemotherapy. Several hybrids with anti-proliferative/anti-tumor properties currently approved or in clinical development are outlined, along with a description of their mechanism of action and identified drug targets. EXPERT OPINION The success of molecular hybridization in cancer chemotherapy is quite evident by the number of molecules entering into clinical trials and/or have entered the drug market over the past decade. Indeed, the recent advancements and co-ordinations in the interface between chemistry, biology, and pharmacology will help further the advancement of hybrid chemotherapeutics in the future.List of abbreviations: Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA; national cancer institute, NCI; peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMC; food and drug administration, FDA; histone deacetylase, HDAC; epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, VEGFR; suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA; farnesyltransferase inhibitor, FTI; adenosine triphosphate, ATP; Tamoxifen, TAM; selective estrogen receptor modulator, SERM; structure activity relationship, SAR; estrogen receptor, ER; lethal dose, LD; half maximal growth inhibitory concentration, GI50; half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-India
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Qi J, Wang X, Liu T, Kandawa-Schulz M, Wang Y, Zheng X. Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and mechanism of copper(II)-thiosemicarbazone complexes as potential anticancer and antimicrobial agents. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1768378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Qi
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Taichen Liu
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | | | - Yihong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
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Qi J, Liu T, Zhao W, Zheng X, Wang Y. Synthesis, crystal structure and antiproliferative mechanisms of gallium(iii) complexes with benzoylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18553-18559. [PMID: 35518317 PMCID: PMC9053741 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02913k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have prepared six thiosemicarbazone ligands and synthesized the corresponding Ga(iii) complexes. The antitumor activity of the ligand increases with its lipophilicity, and the antitumor activity of the Ga(iii) complexes is affected by the ligands. Since C6 has the highest anticancer proliferative activity (0.14 ± 0.01 μM) against HepG-2 (Human hepatocarcinoma cell line), we characterized its structure by X-ray single crystal diffraction and explored its antiproliferation mechanism. Anti-tumor mechanism results show that Ga(iii) complex (C6) promoted HepG-2 cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase by regulating the expression of cell cycle-associated proteins (Cdk 2, cyclin A and cyclin E). Ga(iii) complex (C6) promotes apoptosis by consuming intracellular iron, enhancing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activating caspase-3/9, releasing cytochromes and apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (apaf-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China.,School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University Pingdingshan China
| | - Taichen Liu
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University Pingdingshan China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University Pingdingshan China
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University Pingdingshan China
| | - Yihong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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dos Santos SF, Oliveira AA, R. Santos G, Mahmoudi G, Afkhami FA, Santiago PS, Viana RB, da Silva AB, Santos RH. Crystal packing of a zinc(II)-azide complex with a N,N,S-tridentate thiosemicarbazone ligand: An experimental and computational study. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Narula AK, Azad CS, Nainwal LM. New dimensions in the field of antimalarial research against malaria resurgence. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kumari L, Salahuddin, Mazumder A, Pandey D, Yar MS, Kumar R, Mazumder R, Sarafroz M, Ahsan MJ, Kumar V, Gupta S. Synthesis and Biological Potentials of Quinoline Analogues: A Review of Literature. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x16666190213105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds are well known for their different biological activity. The heterocyclic analogs are the building blocks for synthesis of the pharmaceutical active compounds in the organic chemistry. These derivatives show various type of biological activity like anticancer, antiinflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-convulsant, anti-malarial, anti-hypertensive, etc. From the last decade research showed that the quinoline analogs plays a vital role in the development of newer medicinal active compounds for treating various type of disease. Quinoline reported for their antiviral, anticancer, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activity. This review will summarize the various synthetic approaches for synthesis of quinoline derivatives and to check their biological activity. Derivatives of quinoline moiety plays very important role in the development of various types of newer drugs and it can be used as lead compounds for future investigation in the field of drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Kumari
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Salahuddin
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Daman Pandey
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Rupa Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Mohammad Sarafroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
| | - Sushma Gupta
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Plot No. 19, Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Utter Pardesh-201306, India
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Bessega T, Chaves OA, Martins FM, Acunha TV, Back DF, Iglesias BA, de Oliveira GM. Coordination of Zn(II), Pd(II) and Pt(II) with ligands derived from diformylpyridine and thiosemicarbazide: Synthesis, structural characterization, DNA/BSA binding properties and molecular docking analysis. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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de Almeida Júnior ASA, de Oliveira JF, da Silva AL, da Rocha RET, Junior NCP, Gouveia ALA, da Silva RMF, de Azevedo Albuquerque MCP, Brayner FA, Alves LC, do Carmo Alves de Lima M. In vitro activity, ultrastructural studies and in silico pharmacokinetic properties of indol-3-yl-thiosemicarbazones derivatives and analogues against juvenile and adult worms of S. mansoni. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 138:104985. [PMID: 31283945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.104985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to carry out in vitro biological assays of indol-3-yl derivatives thiosemicarbazones (2a-e) and 4-thiazolidinones (3a-d) against juvenile and adult worms of S. mansoni, as well as the in silico determination of pharmacokinetic parameters for the prediction of the oral bioavailability of these derivatives. All compounds were initially screened at a concentration of 200 μM against S. mansoni adult worms and the results evidenced the good activity of compounds 2b, 2d and 3b, which caused 100% mortality after 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Subsequent studies with these same compounds revealed that compound 2b was able to reduce the viability of the parasites by 85% and 83% at concentrations of 200 and 100 μM, respectively. In relation to the juvenile worms, all compounds (2b, 2d and 3b) were able to cause mortality, but compound 2b demonstrated better activity causing 100% mortality in 48 h. Additionally, it was possible to observe reduction in the viability of juvenile worms of 85%, 81% and 64% at concentrations of 200, 100 and 50 μM, respectively. Several ultrastructural damages were observed when adult and juvenile S. mansoni worms were exposed to compound 2b (200 μM) that was characterized by extensive destruction by the integument, which may justify the mortality rate of cultured parasites. In the DNA interaction assay, fragmentation of the genetic material of adult worms when treated with compound 2b (200 μM) was evidenced, indicating the apoptosis process as mechanism of parasite death. Regarding pharmacokinetic properties, all derivatives are according to the required parameters, predicting good oral bioavailability for the studied compounds. The results presented in this study reveal the good activity of compound 2b in both adult and juvenile worms of S. mansoni, pointing this compound as promising in the development of further studies on schistosomicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Sérgio Alves de Almeida Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Antibióticos, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil; Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IAM-FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Anekécia Lauro da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Departamento de Medicina, 48607-190 Paulo Afonso, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fábio André Brayner
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IAM-FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IAM-FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
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Hurtado M, Sankpal UT, Kaba A, Mahammad S, Chhabra J, Brown DT, Gurung RK, Holder AA, Vishwanatha JK, Basha R. Novel Survivin Inhibitor for Suppressing Pancreatic Cancer Cells Growth via Downregulating Sp1 and Sp3 Transcription Factors. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 51:1894-1907. [PMID: 30504717 DOI: 10.1159/000495715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Targeting survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein and mitotic regulator, is considered as an effective therapeutic option for pancreatic cancer (PaCa). Tolfenamic acid (TA) showed anti-cancer activity in pre-clinical studies. A recent discovery demonstrated a copper(II) complex of TA (Cu-TA) can result in higher activity. In this study, the ability of Cu-TA to inhibit survivin and its transcription factors, Specificity protein (Sp) 1 and 3 in PaCa cell lines and tumor growth in mouse xenograft model were evaluated. METHODS Cell growth inhibition was measured in MIA PaCa-2 and Panc1 cells for 2 days using CellTiter-Glo kit. Sp1, Sp3 and survivin expression (by Western blot and qPCR), apoptotic cells and cell cycle phase distribution (by flow cytometry) were evaluated. A pilot study was performed using athymic nude mice [treated with vehicle/Cu-TA (25 or 50 mg/kg) 3 times/week for 4 weeks. RESULTS The IC50 value for Cu-TA was about half than TA.Both agents repressed the protein expression of Sp1/Sp3/survivin, Cu-TA was more effective than TA. Especially effect on survivin inhibition was 5.2 (MIA PaCa-2) or 6.4 (Panc1) fold higher and mRNA expression of only survivin was decreased. Apoptotic cells increased with Cu-TA treatment in both cell lines, while Panc1 showed both effect on apoptosis and cell cycle (G2/M) arrest. Cu-TA decreased the tumor growth in mouse xenografts (25 mg/kg: 48%; 50 mg/kg: 68%). Additionally, there was no change observed in mice body weights, indicating no overt toxicity was occurring. CONCLUSION These results show that Cu-TA can serve as an effective survivin inhibitor for inhibiting PaCa cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Hurtado
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Umesh T Sankpal
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Aboubacar Kaba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Shahela Mahammad
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jaya Chhabra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Deondra T Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Raj K Gurung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Alvin A Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Jamboor K Vishwanatha
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Riyaz Basha
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, .,Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas,
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Deng J, Yu P, Zhang Z, Wang J, Cai J, Wu N, Sun H, Liang H, Yang F. Designing anticancer copper(II) complexes by optimizing 2-pyridine-thiosemicarbazone ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:442-452. [PMID: 30241011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To develop potential next-generation metal anticancer agents, we designed and synthesised five Cu(II) 2-pyridine-thiosemicarbazone complexes by modifying the hydrogen atom at the N-4 position of ligands, and then investigated their structure-activity relationships and anticancer mechanisms. Modification of the N-4 position with different groups caused significant differences in cellular uptake and produced superior antitumor activity. Cu complexes arrested the cell cycle at S phase, leading to down-regulation of levels of cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases and up-regulation of expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Cu complexes exerted chemotherapeutic effects via activating p53 and inducing production of reactive oxygen species to regulate expression of the B-cell lymphoma-2 family of proteins, causing a change in the mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c to form a dimer with apoptosis protease activating factor-1, resulting in activation of caspase-9/3 to induce apoptosis. In addition, Cu complexes inhibited telomerase by down-regulating the c-myc regulator gene and expression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungang Deng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinhua Cai
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Jian, Jiangxi, China
| | - Na Wu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
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Qi J, Yao Q, Qian K, Tian L, Cheng Z, Wang Y. Gallium(III) complexes of α- N -heterocyclic piperidylthiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, structure-activity relationship, cellular uptake and activation of caspases-3/7/9. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 186:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Lai LC, Rahman CNBCA, Tahir MIM, Ravoof TBSA, Jotani MM, Tiekink ERT. 3-Methyl-1-{( E)-[1-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)ethyl-idene]amino}-thio-urea: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2018; 74:256-260. [PMID: 29850066 PMCID: PMC5956349 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989018001305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The title disubstituted thio-urea derivative, C10H14N4S, features an almost planar imine (E configuration, C3N) core flanked by thio-urea (CN2S) and methyl-pyridyl (C5N) residues (each plane has a r.m.s. deviation of the respective fitted atoms of 0.0066 Å). The dihedral angles between the core and the thio-urea and pyridyl residues are 20.25 (8) and 7.60 (9)°, respectively, indicating twists in the mol-ecule; the dihedral angle between the outer planes is 13.62 (7)°. There is an anti-disposition of the amine-N-H atoms which allows for the formation of an intra-molecular amine-N-H⋯N(imine) hydrogen bond that closes an S(5) loop. In the crystal, amine-N-H⋯N(pyrid-yl) hydrogen bonds lead to zigzag (glide symmetry) supra-molecular chains along the c-axis direction. These are connected into a supra-molecular layer propagating in the bc plane by thio-amide-N-H⋯S(thione) hydrogen bonds via eight-membered thio-amide {⋯HNCS}2 synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Chin Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - M. Ibrahim M. Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Thahira B. S. A. Ravoof
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mukesh M. Jotani
- Department of Physics, Bhavan’s Sheth R. A. College of Science, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 001, India
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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16
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El-Saied FA, Salem TA, Shakdofa MM, Al-Hakimi AN. Anti-neurotoxic evaluation of synthetic and characterized metal complexes of thiosemicarbazone derivatives. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fathy A. El-Saied
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Qassim University; KSA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; El-Menoufia University; Shebin El-Kom Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine; Qassim University; Saudia Arabia
| | - Mohamad M.E. Shakdofa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Khulais; University of Jeddah; Saudi Arabia
- Inorganic Chemistry Department; National Research Centre; P.O. 12622, Elbehothe st., Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed N. Al-Hakimi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Qassim University; KSA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Ibb University; Ibb Yemen
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17
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Wang YT, Fang Y, Zhao M, Li MX, Ji YM, Han QX. Cu(ii), Ga(iii) and In(iii) complexes of 2-acetylpyridine N(4)-phenylthiosemicarbazone: synthesis, spectral characterization and biological activities. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:2125-2132. [PMID: 30108730 PMCID: PMC6084159 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00415j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, synthesis and characterization of metal complexes [Cu2(L)3]ClO4 (1), [Ga(L)2]NO3·2H2O (2) and [In(L)2]NO3·H2O (3) (HL = 2-acetylpyridine N(4)-phenylthiosemicarbazone) was carried out, including elemental analysis, spectral analysis (IR, UV-vis, NMR), and X-ray crystallography. Complex 1 contains one S-bridged binuclear [Cu2(L)3]+ unit, where two Cu atoms display diverse coordination geometries: one being square planar geometry and the other octahedral geometry. Both 2 and 3 are mononuclear complexes, and the metal centers in 2 and 3 are chelated by two NNS tridentate ligands possessing a distorted octahedral geometry. Biological studies show that all the complexes possess a wide spectrum of modest to effective antibacterial activities and remarkable cytotoxicities against HepG2 cells, and 1, in particular, with an IC50 value of 0.19 ± 0.06 μM, is 113-fold and 28-fold more cytotoxic than HL and the antitumor drug mitoxantrone, respectively. In addition, 3 exhibits excellent photoluminescence properties. Upon the addition of 1 equiv of In3+ ions, a remarkable fluorescence intensity of HL and fluorescent color change (from transparent to light-green) could be observed with 365 nm light, indicating that this ligand may be used as a promising colorimetric and fluorescent probe for In3+ detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates , Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , PR China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 371 23881589
- College of Chemistry and Environment , Henan Institute of Finance and Banking , Zhengzhou 450046 , PR China
| | - Yan Fang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates , Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , PR China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 371 23881589
| | - Meng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates , Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , PR China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 371 23881589
| | - Ming-Xue Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates , Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , PR China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 371 23881589
| | - Yu-Mei Ji
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates , Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , PR China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 371 23881589
| | - Qiu-Xia Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates , Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , PR China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 371 23881589
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18
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Hu YQ, Gao C, Zhang S, Xu L, Xu Z, Feng LS, Wu X, Zhao F. Quinoline hybrids and their antiplasmodial and antimalarial activities. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:22-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Kumar S, Hansda A, Chandra A, Kumar A, Kumar M, Sithambaresan M, Faizi MSH, Kumar V, John RP. Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of acenaphthoquinone 3-(4-benzylpiperidyl)thiosemicarbazone: Synthesis, structural, electrochemical and antibacterial studies. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Shakdofa MM, Mousa HA, Elseidy AM, Labib AA, Ali MM, Abd-El-All AS. Anti-proliferative activity of newly synthesized Cd(II), Cu(II), Zn(II),Ni(II), Co(II), VO(II), and Mn(II) complexes of 2-((4,9-dimethoxy-5-oxo-5H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-6-yl)methylene) hydrazinecarbothioamide on three human cancer cells. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M.E. Shakdofa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Khulais; University of Jeddah; Saudi Arabia
- Inorganic Chemistry Department; National Research Centre; El-bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Mousa
- Inorganic Chemistry Department; National Research Centre; El-bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed M.A. Elseidy
- Inorganic Chemistry Department; National Research Centre; El-bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU); PO Box 5701 Riyadh 11432 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Labib
- Inorganic Chemistry Department; National Research Centre; El-bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M. Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; National Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| | - Amira S. Abd-El-All
- Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, Department Chemistry of Natural and Microbial products; National Research Centre; Dokki Cairo 12622 Egypt
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21
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Qi J, Deng J, Qian K, Tian L, Li J, He K, Huang X, Cheng Z, Zheng Y, Wang Y. Novel 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones Ga(III) complexes with a high antiproliferative activity by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:34-42. [PMID: 28395152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two types of 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones Ga(III) complexes, which are 2:1 and 1:1 ligand/Ga(III) complexes, were synthesized and determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The antiproliferative activity of these Ga(III) complexes have been examined to illuminate the structure-activity relationships essential to form Ga(III) complexes with remarkable anticancer activity. In addition, Ga(III) complexes where the metal/ligand ratio was 1:1 (C4) had observably higher antiproliferative activity than 1:2 (C3). Ga(III) complexes caused a marked increase of caspase-3 and 9 activity in NCI-H460 cells compared to the metal free ligand. Caspase activation was somewhat mediated by the release of Cyt C from mitochondria after incubation with selected agents. Both types of Ga(III) complexes showed more effective in inhibition of the G1/S transition than the ligand alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China; Qinzhou University, 12 Binhai Avenue, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jungang Deng
- Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical College, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Liang Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Qinzhou University, 12 Binhai Avenue, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Kunhuan He
- Qinzhou University, 12 Binhai Avenue, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueren Huang
- Qinzhou University, 12 Binhai Avenue, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Member of Academic Council, Stanford University, USA
| | - Yunyun Zheng
- Qinzhou University, 12 Binhai Avenue, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yihong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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22
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Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of gallium(III) complexes with non-symmetrical NO-donor Schiff bases. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Anticancer Applications and Recent Investigations of Metallodrugs Based on Gallium, Tin and Titanium. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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24
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Zhang Z, Gou Y, Wang J, Yang K, Qi J, Zhou Z, Liang S, Liang H, Yang F. Four copper(II) compounds synthesized by anion regulation: Structure, anticancer function and anticancer mechanism. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:399-409. [PMID: 27309677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) compounds are a promising candidate for next generation metal anticancer drugs. Therefore, we regulated anions to synthesize four mononuclear and binuclear Cu(II) compounds derived from thiosemicarbazone Schiff base ligands and characterized them. Four of these compounds showed very high cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines in vitro. These Cu(II) compounds strongly promoted the apoptosis of BEL-7404 cells and had a capacity to arrest the cell cycle at S phase of those cells. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and Western blot analyses revealed that these Cu(II) compounds exert their cytotoxicity through an ROS-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial pathway accompanied by the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Gou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinxu Qi
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Shichu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China; State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
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25
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Alasadi RT, Razenko IO, Burakov VV, Proshin AN, Serova TM, Kuznetsov AI. Synthesis of diazahomoadamantanones thiosemicarbazones. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428016050213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Sandhaus S, Taylor R, Edwards T, Huddleston A, Wooten Y, Venkatraman R, Weber RT, González-Sarrías A, Martin PM, Cagle P, Tse-Dinh YC, Beebe SJ, Seeram N, Holder AA. A novel copper(II) complex identified as a potent drug against colorectal and breast cancer cells and as a poison inhibitor for human topoisomerase IIα. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016; 64:45-49. [PMID: 26752972 PMCID: PMC4704796 DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel complex, [Cu(acetylethTSC)Cl]Cl•0.25C2H5OH 1 (where acetylethTSC = (E)-N-ethyl-2-[1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamide), was shown to have anti-proliferative activity against various colon and aggressive breast cancer cell lines. In vitro studies showed that complex 1 acted as a poison inhibitor of human topoisomerase IIα, which may account for the observed anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayna Sandhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, U.S.A
| | - Rosella Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5043, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, U.S.A
| | - Tiffany Edwards
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5043, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, U.S.A
| | - Alexis Huddleston
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5043, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, U.S.A
| | - Ykeysha Wooten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5043, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, U.S.A
| | - Ramaiyer Venkatraman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, P.O. Box 17910, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, U.S.A
| | - Ralph T Weber
- EPR Division Bruker BioSpin, 44 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821, U.S.A
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, U.S.A
| | - Patrick M Martin
- North Carolina A and T State University, Department of Biology, Hines Hall, Room 300-B, 1601 East Market St., Greensboro, NC 27411, U.S.A
| | - Patrice Cagle
- North Carolina A and T State University, Department of Biology, Hines Hall, Room 300-B, 1601 East Market St., Greensboro, NC 27411, U.S.A
| | - Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, U.S.A; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, U.S.A
| | - Stephen J Beebe
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, U.S.A
| | - Navindra Seeram
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, U.S.A
| | - Alvin A Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
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27
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Raj R, Land KM, Kumar V. 4-Aminoquinoline-hybridization en route towards the development of rationally designed antimalarial agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16361g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in 4-aminoquinoline-hybridization, as an attractive strategy for averting and delaying the drug resistance along with improvement in efficacy of new antimalarials, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Raj
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar-143005
- India
| | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of the Pacific
- Stockton
- USA
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar-143005
- India
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