1
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Sabuakham S, Nasoontorn S, Kongtaworn N, Rungrotmongkol T, Silsirivanit A, Pingaew R, Mahalapbutr P. Anilino-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors: in vitro and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2357174. [PMID: 38814149 PMCID: PMC11141316 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2357174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase, a pivotal enzyme in melanin synthesis, is a primary target for the development of depigmenting agents. In this work, in vitro and in silico techniques were employed to identify novel tyrosinase inhibitors from a set of 12 anilino-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Results from the mushroom tyrosinase activity assay indicated that, among the 12 derivatives, three compounds (1, 5, and 10) demonstrated the most significant inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase, surpassing the effectiveness of the kojic acid. Molecular docking revealed that all studied derivatives interacted with copper ions and amino acid residues at the enzyme active site. Molecular dynamics simulations provided insights into the stability of enzyme-inhibitor complexes, in which compounds 1, 5, and particularly 10 displayed greater stability, atomic contacts, and structural compactness than kojic acid. Drug likeness prediction further strengthens the potential of anilino-1,4-naphthoquinones as promising candidates for the development of novel tyrosinase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahachai Sabuakham
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sutita Nasoontorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Napat Kongtaworn
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ratchanok Pingaew
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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2
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Chandarajoti K, Kara J, Suwanhom P, Nualnoi T, Puripattanavong J, Lee VS, Tipmanee V, Lomlim L. Synthesis and evaluation of coumarin derivatives on antioxidative, tyrosinase inhibitory activities, melanogenesis, and in silico investigations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5535. [PMID: 38448547 PMCID: PMC10917816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
New coumarin derivatives were designed using a 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid scaffold conjugated with amino acid esters or tyramine. The anti-tyrosinase and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated. Coumarin derivatives 7,9, 11-13, 15-18 showed strong anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Compound 13 exhibited uncompetitive tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 68.86 µM. Compound 14 (% activity = 123.41) showed stronger tyrosinase activating activity than 8-methoxypsolaren (8-MOP, % activity = 109.46). In silico studies revealed different poses between the inhibitors and activators near the tyrosinase catalytic site. Compounds 13 (25-50 μM) and 14 (25-100 μM) did not show cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. In contrast to the tyrosinase inhibition assay, compound 13 (50 μM) suppressed melanogenesis in B16F10 cells with two times higher potency than KA (100 μM). Compound 14 at 100 μM showed melanogenesis enhancement in B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner, however, inferior to the 8-MOP. Based on the findings, compound 13 and 14 offer potential for development as skin-lightening agents and vitiligo therapy agents, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasemsiri Chandarajoti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Paptawan Suwanhom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Teerapat Nualnoi
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jindaporn Puripattanavong
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Vannajan Sanghiran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Varomyalin Tipmanee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Luelak Lomlim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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3
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Zhao Y, Yuan L, Bai XL, Jiang XX, Zhang Y, Fang Q, Zhang Q, Liao X. Tyrosinase covalently immobilized on carboxyl functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for fishing of the enzyme's ligands from Prunellae Spica. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3635-3645. [PMID: 35852941 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, tyrosinase was immobilized on carboxyl functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles for the first time to be used for fishing of tyrosinase's ligands present in complex plant extract. The immobilized tyrosinase was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analyzer, and atomic force microscopy. The reusability and thermostability of the immobilized tyrosinase were found significantly superior to its free counterpart. Two tyrosinase's ligands, that is, caffeic acid (1) and rosmarinic acid (2), were fished out from extract of the traditional Chinese medicine Prunellae Spica by the immobilized tyrosinase. Compound 1 was found to be an activator of the enzyme with the half maximal effective concentration value of 0.27 ± 0.06 mM, while compound 2 was an inhibitor with the half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 0.14 ± 0.03 mM. Taking advantage of the convenience of magnetic separation and specific extraction ability of ligand fishing, the proposed method exhibited great potential for screening of bioactive compounds from complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Bai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Jiang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Fang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xun Liao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, P. R. China
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4
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Ranjbar S, Kamarei MM, Khoshneviszadeh M, Hosseinpoor H, Edraki N, Khoshneviszadeh M. Benzylidene-6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalenone chalconoids as potent tyrosinase inhibitors. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:425-435. [PMID: 34447450 PMCID: PMC8356711 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.319580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Tyrosinase enzyme has a key role in melanin biosynthesis by converting tyrosine into dopaquinone. It also participates in the enzymatic browning of vegetables by polyphenol oxidation. Therefore, tyrosinase inhibitors are useful in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture. Many tyrosinase inhibitors having drawbacks have been reported to date; so, finding new inhibitors is a great need. Experimental approach: A variety of 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalenone chalcone-like analogs (C1-C10) have been synthesized by aldol condensation of 6-hydroxy tetralone and differently substituted benzaldehydes. The compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase by a spectrophotometric method. Moreover, the inhibition manner of the most active compound was determined by Lineweaver-Burk plots. Docking study was done using AutoDock 4.2. The drug-likeness scores and ADME features of the active derivatives were also predicted. Results/Findings: Most of the compounds showed remarkable inhibitory activity against the tyrosinase enzyme. 6-Hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (C2) was the most potent derivative amongst the series with an IC50 value of 8.8 μM which was slightly more favorable to that of the reference kojic acid (IC50 = 9.7 μM). Inhibitory kinetic studies revealed that C2 behaves as a competitive inhibitor. According to the docking results, compound C2 formed the most stable enzyme-inhibitor complex, mainly via establishing interactions with the two copper ions in the active site. In silico drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics predictions for the proposed tyrosinase inhibitors revealed that most of the compounds including C2 have proper drug-likeness scores and pharmacokinetic properties. Conclusion and implications: Therefore, C2 could be suggested as a promising tyrosinase inhibitor that might be a good lead compound in medicine, cosmetics, and the food industry, and further drug development of this compound might be of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ranjbar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Mahsima Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Hona Hosseinpoor
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran.,Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
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5
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Recent advances in the design and discovery of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113744. [PMID: 34365131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloenzyme that is responsible for the rate-limiting catalytic step in the melanin biosynthesis and enzymatic browning. As a promising target, tyrosinase inhibitors can be used as skin whitening agents and food preservatives, thus having broad potential in the fields of food, cosmetics, agriculture and medicine. From 2015 to 2020, numerous synthetic inhibitors of tyrosinase have been developed to overcome the challenges of low efficacy and side effects. This review summarizes the enzyme structure and biological functions of tyrosinase and demonstrates the recent advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors from the perspective of medicinal chemistry, providing a better understanding of the catalytic mechanisms and more effective tyrosinase inhibitors.
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6
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Wu Y, Huo D, Chen G, Yan A. SAR and QSAR research on tyrosinase inhibitors using machine learning methods. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 32:85-110. [PMID: 33517778 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2020.1862297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the process of melanin synthesis, which is closely related to human pigmentation disorders. Tyrosinase inhibitors can down-regulate tyrosinase to effectively reduce melanin synthesis. In this work, we conducted structure-activity relationship (SAR) study on 1097 diverse mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors. We applied five kinds of machine learning methods to develop 15 classification models. Model 5B built by fully connected neural networks and ECFP4 fingerprints achieved the highest prediction accuracy of 91.36% and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.81 on the test set. The applicability domains (AD) of classification models were defined by d S T D - P R O method. Moreover, we clustered the 1097 inhibitors into eight subsets by K-Means to figure out inhibitors' structural features. In addition, 10 quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were constructed by four machine learning methods based on 813 inhibitors. Model 6 J, the best QSAR model, was developed by fully connected neural networks with 50 RDKit descriptors. It resulted in a coefficient of determination (r 2) of 0.770 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.482 on the test set. The AD of Model 6 J was visualized by Williams plot. The models built in this study can be obtained from the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - D Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - G Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing, China
| | - A Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing, P. R. China
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7
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Peng Z, Wang G, Zeng QH, Li Y, Liu H, Wang JJ, Zhao Y. A systematic review of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors and their structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4053-4094. [PMID: 33459057 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1871724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing oxidation enzyme, which is responsible for the production of melanin. This enzyme is widely distributed in microorganisms, animals and plants, and plays an essential role in undesirable browning of fruits and vegetables, antibiotic resistance, skin pigment formation, sclerotization of cuticle, neurodegeneration, etc. Hence, it has been recognized as a therapeutic target for the development of antibrowning agents, antibacterial agents, skin-whitening agents, insecticides, and other therapeutic agents. With great potential application in food, agricultural, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, a large number of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors have been widely reported in recent years. In this review, we systematically summarized the advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors in the literatures, including their inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), inhibition kinetics, and interaction mechanisms with the enzyme. The collected information is expected to provide a rational guidance and effective strategy to develop novel, potent and safe tyrosinase inhibitors for better practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
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8
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Hałdys K, Goldeman W, Anger-Góra N, Rossowska J, Latajka R. Monosubstituted Acetophenone Thiosemicarbazones as Potent Inhibitors of Tyrosinase: Synthesis, Inhibitory Studies, and Molecular Docking. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010074. [PMID: 33477655 PMCID: PMC7831505 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of 12 monosubstituted acetophenone thiosemicarbazone derivatives (TSCs) were synthesized and their inhibitory properties toward tyrosinase activity were tested. Moreover, their ability to inhibit melanogenesis in the B16F10 murine melanoma cell line was studied. In order to investigate the nature of interactions between the enzyme and the inhibitors, molecular docking to the active site was performed. TSCs 5, 6, 8, and 9 revealed a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) below 1 µM. Compound 6 turned out to be the most potent tyrosinase inhibitor. All investigated compounds showed reversible inhibition of competitive or mixed type. The para-substituted TSCs had higher affinity for the enzyme as compared to their ortho- and meta-analogues. All investigated compounds inhibited melanin production in B16F10 cells at the micromolar level. Molecular docking showed that the sulfur atom of the thiourea moiety penetrates the active site and interacts with copper ions. The above outcomes might be helpful in the design of new tyrosinase inhibitors in the food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Hałdys
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Natalia Anger-Góra
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (N.A.-G.); (J.R.)
| | - Joanna Rossowska
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (N.A.-G.); (J.R.)
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (R.L.)
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9
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Song S, Mai Y, Shi H, Liao B, Wang F. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Inhibition Mechanism of 3-/4-Alkoxy Phenylethylidenethiosemicarbazides as New, Potent and Safe Tyrosinase Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:369-379. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senchuan Song
- Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
| | - Yuliang Mai
- Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
| | - Huahong Shi
- Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
| | - Bing Liao
- Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
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10
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Polatoğlu İ, Karataş D. Modeling of molecular interaction between catechol and tyrosinase by DFT. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Zhang Y, Fu X, Yan Y, Liu J. Microwave‐assisted synthesis and biological evaluation of new thiazolylhydrazone derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Fu
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
| | - Yangting Yan
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbing Liu
- Department of Food and Chemical EngineeringShaoyang University Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100 People's Republic of China
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12
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Halogenated aromatic thiosemicarbazones as potent inhibitors of tyrosinase and melanogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Zolghadri S, Bahrami A, Hassan Khan MT, Munoz-Munoz J, Garcia-Molina F, Garcia-Canovas F, Saboury AA. A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:279-309. [PMID: 30734608 PMCID: PMC6327992 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1545767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multi-copper enzyme which is widely distributed in different organisms and plays an important role in the melanogenesis and enzymatic browning. Therefore, its inhibitors can be attractive in cosmetics and medicinal industries as depigmentation agents and also in food and agriculture industries as antibrowning compounds. For this purpose, many natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have been developed by different screening methods to date. This review has focused on the tyrosinase inhibitors discovered from all sources and biochemically characterised in the last four decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Asieh Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - J. Munoz-Munoz
- Group of Microbiology, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - F. Garcia-Molina
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - F. Garcia-Canovas
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Hałdys K, Latajka R. Thiosemicarbazones with tyrosinase inhibitory activity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:378-389. [PMID: 31015905 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase plays an essential role in melanogenesis. Excess production of melanin can be a reason for hyperpigmentation skin disorders in mammals and enzymatic browning in plant-derived foods. Catalyzing the rate-limiting step of melanin synthesis, tyrosinase has become the most studied target for melanogenesis inhibition. Over the past ten years, a number of synthetic thiosemicarbazone derivatives have been reported to possess strong tyrosinase inhibitory properties with IC50 values below 1 μM, placing them among the most potent tyrosinase inhibitors. This review gives an overview of tyrosinase activity and describes tyrosinase-inhibiting thiosemicarbazones in terms of their structure-activity relationships, kinetics of enzyme inhibition and mechanism of action. Results of the studies of thiosemicarbazones as tyrosinase inhibitors from over 20 research articles have been analyzed, compared and summarized in the present paper. Using thiosemicarbazones as tyrosinase inhibitors is a promising approach in developing anti-melanogenetic agents for skin-whitening cosmetics and anti-browning agents for food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Hałdys
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 , 50-370 , Wrocław , Poland .
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 , 50-370 , Wrocław , Poland .
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15
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Cai P, Xiong Y, Yao Y, Chen W, Dong X. Synthesis, screening and biological activity of potent thiosemicarbazone compounds as a tyrosinase inhibitor. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02360g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors are designed based on coordination chemistry and catalytic circle of the tyrosinase, coordination atoms binds to copper and blocks enzyme activity, indicated that thiosemicarbazone species possess good potential as tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penggen Cai
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Yi Xiong
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Yao Yao
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Wu Chen
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Xiongwei Dong
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
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16
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Inhibitory properties of aromatic thiosemicarbazones on mushroom tyrosinase: Synthesis, kinetic studies, molecular docking and effectiveness in melanogenesis inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:577-586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Pillaiyar T, Namasivayam V, Manickam M, Jung SH. Inhibitors of Melanogenesis: An Updated Review. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7395-7418. [PMID: 29763564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Melanins are pigment molecules that determine the skin, eye, and hair color of the human subject to its amount, quality, and distribution. Melanocytes synthesize melanin and provide epidermal protection from various stimuli, such as harmful ultraviolet radiation, through the complex process called melanogenesis. However, serious dermatological problems occur when there is excessive production of melanin in different parts of the human body. These include freckles, melasma, senile lentigo, pigmented acne scars, and cancer. Therefore, controlling the production of melanin is an important approach for the treatment of pigmentation related disorderes. In this Perspective, we focus on the inhibitors of melanogenesis that directly/indirectly target a key enzyme tyrosinase as well as its associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I , University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4 , D-53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I , University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4 , D-53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Manoj Manickam
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Korea
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18
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Li Q, Yang H, Mo J, Chen Y, Wu Y, Kang C, Sun Y, Sun H. Identification by shape-based virtual screening and evaluation of new tyrosinase inhibitors. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4206. [PMID: 29383286 PMCID: PMC5788061 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting tyrosinase is considered to be an effective way to control the production of melanin. Tyrosinase inhibitor is anticipated to provide new therapy to prevent skin pigmentation, melanoma and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we report our results in identifying new tyrosinase inhibitors. The shape-based virtual screening was performed to discover new tyrosinase inhibitors. Thirteen potential hits derived from virtual screening were tested by biological determinations. Compound 5186-0429 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity. It dose-dependently inhibited the activity of tyrosinase, with the IC50 values 6.2 ± 2.0 µM and 10.3 ± 5.4 µM on tyrosine and L-Dopa formation, respectively. The kinetic study of 5186-0429 demonstrated that this compound acted as a competitive inhibitor. We believe the discoveries here could serve as a good starting point for further design of potent tyrosinase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Mo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Nanjing Duoyuan Biochemistry Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States of America
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Lopes TIB, Coelho RG, Honda NK. Inhibition of Mushroom Tyrosinase Activity by Orsellinates. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:61-64. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Inácio Barros Lopes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso do Sul
| | | | - Neli Kika Honda
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul
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20
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Dong H, Liu J, Liu X, Yu Y, Cao S. Combining molecular docking and QSAR studies for modeling the anti-tyrosinase activity of aromatic heterocycle thiosemicarbazone analogues. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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Pillaiyar T, Manickam M, Namasivayam V. Skin whitening agents: medicinal chemistry perspective of tyrosinase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:403-425. [PMID: 28097901 PMCID: PMC6010116 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1256882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a process to synthesize melanin, which is a primary responsible for the pigmentation of human skin, eye and hair. Although numerous enzymatic catalyzed and chemical reactions are involved in melanogenesis process, the enzymes such as tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 played a major role in melanin synthesis. Specifically, tyrosinase is a key enzyme, which catalyzes a rate-limiting step of the melanin synthesis, and the downregulation of tyrosinase is the most prominent approach for the development of melanogenesis inhibitors. Therefore, numerous inhibitors that target tyrosinase have been developed in recent years. The review focuses on the recent discovery of tyrosinase inhibitors that are directly involved in the inhibition of tyrosinase catalytic activity and functionality from all sources, including laboratory synthetic methods, natural products, virtual screening and structure-based molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manoj Manickam
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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22
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Study on the design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new thiosemicarbazone compounds as tyrosinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:815-825. [PMID: 28865277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
52 Structure-based thiosemicarbazone compounds bearing various substituted-lipophilic part, including substituted-benzaldehyde, substituted-phenylalkan-1-one and their biphenyl-type thiosemicarbazone analogs, were designed, synthesized and evaluated as new tyrosinase inhibitors. The results demonstrated that 22 compounds have potent inhibitory activities against tyrosinase with the IC50 value of lower than 1.0 μM. On the basis of the obtained experimental data, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) were rationally derived. Besides, the inhibition mechanism and the inhibitory kinetics of selected compounds 3d and 6e were investigated, revealing that such type of compounds were belonged to the reversible and competitive tyrosinase inhibitors. To verify the safety of these developed thiosemicarbazone compounds, four randomly selected compounds 3d, 4e, 6a and 9a were also tested in 293T cell line for the evaluation of the cytotoxicity. Interestingly, all these compounds almost did not perform any toxicity to 293T cells even at a high concentration of 1000 μmol/L. Taken together, these results suggested that such compounds could serve as the highly efficient and more safe candidates for the treatment of tyrosinase-related disorders.
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23
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Sweidan K, Sabbah DA, Bardaweel S, Abu Sheikha G, Al-Qirim T, Salih H, El-Abadelah MM, Mubarak MS, Voelter W. Facile synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity study of new 3-(indol-2-yl)bicyclotetrazatridecahexaens. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new series of thiosemicarbazone-based indole derivatives 12–15 has been prepared by condensation reaction of indole-2-carboxamide derivatives 8–11 with thiosemicarbazide. The former compounds underwent intracyclization in the presence of chloroacetic acid and sodium acetate to afford a set of new 3-(indol-2-yl)bicyclotetrazatridecahexaens 16–19. These newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by means of FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS and by elemental analyses. Cytotoxic activities of the prepared compounds along with LY294002 were evaluated in vitro against normal human skin fibroblast, human colon carcinoma (HCT116), and leukemia (K562) cell lines; results revealed that the series inhibits only HCT116 cell line. In addition, results showed that compound 18 exerts moderate potency in HCT116 with an IC50 value of 54 μmol/L and significantly induces apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Sweidan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Dima A. Sabbah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Sanaa Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ghassan Abu Sheikha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Tariq Al-Qirim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Hanadi Salih
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Voelter
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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24
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Yun KL, Wang ZY. Target/signalling pathways of natural plant-derived radioprotective agents from treatment to potential candidates: A reverse thought on anti-tumour drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:1122-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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25
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Ferro S, De Luca L, Germanò MP, Buemi MR, Ielo L, Certo G, Kanteev M, Fishman A, Rapisarda A, Gitto R. Chemical exploration of 4-(4-fluorobenzyl)piperidine fragment for the development of new tyrosinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:992-1001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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26
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Garcia-Jimenez A, Teruel-Puche JA, Ortiz-Ruiz CV, Berna J, Tudela J, Garcia-Canovas F. Study of the inhibition of 3-/4-aminoacetophenones on tyrosinase. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-016-1106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Tang J, Liu J, Wu F. Molecular docking studies and biological evaluation of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives bearing Schiff base moieties as tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2016; 69:29-36. [PMID: 27669118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
1,3,4-Thiadiazole derivatives bearing Schiff base moieties were designed, synthesized, and their tyrosinase inhibitory activities were evaluated. Some compounds displayed potent tyrosinase inhibitory activities, especially, 4-(((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-imino)methyl)-2-methoxy-phenol (14) exhibited superior inhibitory effect to the other compounds with an IC50 value of 0.036μM. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) were preliminarily discussed and docking studies showed compound 14 had strong binding affinity to mushroom tyrosinase. Hydroxy might be the active groups. The inhibition kinetics study revealed that compounds (13 and 14) inhibited tyrosinase by acting as uncompetitive inhibitors. The LD50 value of the compound 14 was 5000mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Tang
- Department of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100, PR China
| | - Jinbing Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100, PR China.
| | - Fengyan Wu
- Department of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang 422100, PR China
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28
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Liu P, Shu C, Liu L, Huang Q, Peng Y. Design and synthesis of thiourea derivatives with sulfur-containing heterocyclic scaffolds as potential tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1866-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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